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Investments in Variable Interest Entities
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2013
Investments in Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]  
Investments in Variable Interest Entities
Investments in Variable Interest Entities
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial results of variable interest entities in which we are the primary beneficiary.
Knopp
During the three months ended March 31, 2013, we terminated our license agreement with Knopp Neurosciences, Inc. (Knopp), a subsidiary of Knopp Holdings, LLC, for the development, manufacture and commercialization of dexpramipexole in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We expect to exercise our put option on the 30.0% of the Class B common shares to Knopp in the fourth quarter.
We had previously determined that we were the primary beneficiary of Knopp because we had the power through the license agreement to direct the activities that most significantly impacted Knopp’s economic performance and were required to fund 100% of the research and development costs incurred in support of the collaboration agreement. As such, we consolidated the results of Knopp. In March 2013, we deconsolidated the results of Knopp upon termination of the license agreement. The assets and liabilities of Knopp were not significant to our financial position or results of operations. We have not provided any financing to Knopp other than contractually required amounts previously disclosed in Note 20, Investments in Variable Interest Entities included within our 2012 Form 10-K.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the collaboration did not incur any development expenses. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2012, the collaboration incurred development expenses totaling $15.7 million and $58.9 million, respectively, which were reflected as research and development expense within our condensed consolidated statements of income.
For additional information, please read Note 20, Litigation to these condensed consolidated financial statements.
Neurimmune SubOne AG
In 2007, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Neurimmune SubOne AG (Neurimmune), a subsidiary of Neurimmune AG, for the development and commercialization of antibodies for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Neurimmune conducts research to identify potential therapeutic antibodies and we are responsible for the development, manufacturing and commercialization of all products under the collaboration. Based upon our current development plans, we may pay Neurimmune up to $345.0 million in remaining milestone payments, as well as royalties on sales of any resulting commercial products.
We determined that we are the primary beneficiary of Neurimmune because we have the power through the collaboration to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and are required to fund 100% of the research and development costs incurred in support of the collaboration agreement. Accordingly, we consolidate the results of Neurimmune.
Amounts that are incurred by Neurimmune for research and development expenses in support of the collaboration that we reimburse are reflected in research and development expense in our condensed consolidated statements of income. Future milestone payments will be reflected within our condensed consolidated statements of income as a charge to the noncontrolling interest, net of tax, when such milestones are achieved.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013, the collaboration incurred development expenses totaling $6.1 million and $16.8 million, respectively, which is reflected as research and development expense within our condensed consolidated statements of income, as compared to $3.4 million and $8.5 million, respectively, in the prior year comparative periods.
The assets and liabilities of Neurimmune are not significant to our financial position or results of operations as it is a research and development organization. We have not provided any financing to Neurimmune other than previously contractually required amounts.
Unconsolidated Variable Interest Entities
We have relationships with other variable interest entities that we do not consolidate as we lack the power to direct the activities that significantly impact the economic success of these entities. These relationships include investments in certain biotechnology companies and research collaboration agreements.
As of September 30, 2013 and December 31, 2012, the total carrying value of our investments in biotechnology companies that we have determined to be variable interest entities, but do not consolidate as we do not have the power to direct their activities, totaled $6.8 million and $9.4 million, respectively. Our maximum exposure to loss related to these variable interest entities is limited to the carrying value of our investments.
We have entered into research collaborations with certain variable interest entities where we are required to fund certain development activities. These development activities are included in research and development expense within our condensed consolidated statements of income, as they are incurred.
We have provided no financing to these variable interest entities other than previously contractually required amounts.
For additional information related to our investments in variable interest entities, please read Note 20, Investments in Variable Interest Entities to our consolidated financial statements included within our 2012 Form 10-K.