Fair Value of Financial Instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Below is the fair value hierarchy that categorizes into three levels the inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value:


•	Level 1 includes observable inputs which reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.


•	Level 2 includes observable inputs for assets or liabilities other than quoted prices included in Level 1, and it includes valuation techniques which use prices for similar assets and liabilities.


•	Level 3 includes unobservable inputs which reflect the reporting entity’s estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including assumptions about risk).

The Company utilizes one nationally recognized pricing service to estimate the majority of its available-for-sale investment portfolio’s fair value. The Company obtains one price per security and the processes and control procedures employed by the Company are designed to ensure the value is accurately recorded on an unadjusted basis. Through discussions with the pricing service, the Company gains an understanding of the methodologies used to price the different types of securities, that the data and the valuation methods utilized are appropriate and consistently applied, and that the assumptions are reasonable and representative of fair value. To validate the reasonableness of the valuations obtained from the pricing service, the Company compares to other fair value pricing information gathered from other independent pricing sources. At March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, the Company did not adjust any of the prices received from the pricing service.

Transfers between level categorizations may occur due to changes in the availability of market observable inputs. Transfers in and out of level categorizations are reported as having occurred at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred. There were no transfers between level categorizations during the three months ended March 31, 2017, and 2016.

The following sections describe the valuation methods used by the Company for each type of financial instrument it holds that are carried at fair value.

Fixed Maturities

The Company utilizes a third party pricing service to estimate fair value measurements for the majority of its fixed maturities. The fair value estimate of the Company’s fixed maturity investments are determined by evaluations that are based on observable market information rather than market quotes. Inputs to the evaluations include, but are not limited to, market prices from recently completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, and other market-observable information. The fixed maturity portfolio pricing obtained from the pricing service is reviewed for reasonableness. The Company regularly selects a random sample of security prices which are compared to one or more alternative pricing sources for reasonableness. Any discrepancies with the pricing are returned to the pricing service for further explanation and, if necessary, adjustments are made. To date, the Company has not identified any significant discrepancies in the pricing provided by its third party pricing service. Investments valued using these inputs include U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate securities (except for a security discussed below), and U.S. government agencies mortgage-backed securities. All unadjusted estimates of fair value for fixed maturities priced by the pricing service are included in the amounts disclosed in Level 2 of the hierarchy. If market inputs are unavailable, then no fair value is provided by the pricing service. For these securities, fair value is determined either by requesting brokers who are knowledgeable about these securities to provide a quote; or the Company internally determines the fair values by employing widely accepted pricing valuation models, and depending on the level of observable market inputs, renders the fair value estimate as Level 2 or Level 3. The Company holds one corporate fixed maturity security included in Level 3 and estimates its fair value using the present value of the future cash flows. Due to the limited amount of observable market information for this security, the Company includes the fair value estimate in Level 3.

Equities

The fair value of each equity security is based on an observable market price for an identical asset in an active market and is priced by the same pricing service discussed above. All equity securities are recorded using unadjusted market prices and have been disclosed in Level 1.

Other Invested Assets

Included in other invested assets is one international fund (“the fund”) that invests in equity securities of foreign issuers and is managed by a third party investment manager. The fund had a fair value of $38.4 million and $35.7 million at March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, which was determined using the fund’s net asset value. The Company employs procedures to assess the reasonableness of the fair value of the fund including obtaining and reviewing the fund’s audited financial statements. There are no unfunded commitments related to the fund. The Company may not sell its investment in the fund; however, the Company may redeem all or a portion of its investment in the fund at net asset value per share with the appropriate prior written notice. In accordance with Accounting Standard Codification 820-10, this investment is measured at fair value using the net asset value per share practical expedient and has not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. Fair values presented here are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The remainder of the Company’s other invested assets consist primarily of holdings in publicly-traded mutual funds. The Company believes that its prices for these publicly-traded mutual funds based on an observable market price for an identical asset in an active market reflect their fair values and consequently these securities have been disclosed in Level 1.

The following tables set forth the Company’s available-for-sale investments within the fair value hierarchy at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:



($ millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
March 31, 2017
Fixed maturities:
U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	445.5	$	—	$	445.5	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	619.1		—		619.1		—
Corporate securities	436.2		—		432.6		3.6
U.S. government agencies mortgage-backed securities	622.7		—		622.7		—
Total fixed maturities	2,123.5		—		2,119.9		3.6
Equity securities:
Large-cap securities	136.5		136.5		—		—
Small-cap securities	76.5		76.5		—		—
Mutual and exchange traded funds	182.6		182.6		—		—
Total equity securities	395.6		395.6		—		—
Other invested assets	9.7		9.7		—		—
Total available-for-sale investments	$	2,528.8	$	405.3	$	2,119.9	$	3.6

($ millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
December 31, 2016
Fixed maturities:
U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies	$	404.7	$	—	$	404.7	$	—
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	643.7		—		643.7		—
Corporate securities	449.6		—		446.1		3.5
U.S. government agencies mortgage-backed securities	611.3		—		611.3		—
Total fixed maturities	2,109.3		—		2,105.8		3.5
Equity securities:
Large-cap securities	139.0		139.0		—		—
Small-cap securities	79.1		79.1		—		—
Mutual and exchange traded funds	164.7		164.7		—		—
Total equity securities	382.8		382.8		—		—
Other invested assets	9.4		9.4		—		—
Total available-for-sale investments	$	2,501.5	$	392.2	$	2,105.8	$	3.5

For assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), the following tables set forth a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the three months ended March 31, 2017, and the year ended December 31, 2016, separately for each major category of assets:



($ millions)	Fixed maturities
Balance at January 1, 2017	$	3.5
Total realized gains – included in earnings	—
Total unrealized losses – included in other comprehensive income	—
Purchases	0.1
Sales	—
Transfers into Level 3	—
Transfers out of Level 3	—
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	3.6

($ millions)	Fixed maturities
Balance at January 1, 2016	$	3.3
Total realized gains – included in earnings	—
Total unrealized gains – included in other comprehensive income	—
Purchases	0.2
Sales	—
Transfers into Level 3	—
Transfers out of Level 3	—
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	3.5

The following sections describe the valuation methods used by the Company for each type of financial instrument it holds that is not measured at fair value but for which fair value is disclosed:

Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Carried, At Fair Value

Other Invested Assets

Included in other invested assets are common stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (the "FHLB") and the Trust Securities. The Trust Securities and FHLB common stock are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The fair value of the FHLB common stock at March 31, 2017, was $4.9 million and the fair value of the Trust Securities was $0.5 million. The investments have been placed in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Notes Receivable from Affiliate

In May 2009, the Company entered into two separate credit agreements with State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company (“State Auto Mutual") pursuant to which it loaned State Auto Mutual a total of $70.0 million. The Company estimates the fair value of the notes receivable from affiliate using market quotations for U.S. treasury securities with similar maturity dates and applies an appropriate credit spread. Consequently this has been placed in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.



($ millions, except interest rates)	March 31, 2017						December 31, 2016
	Carrying value		Fair value		Interest rate		Carrying value		Fair value		Interest rate
Notes receivable from affiliate	$	70.0	$	74.3	7.00	%	$	70.0	$	75.7	7.00	%

Notes Payable

Included in notes payable are the FHLB Loans and Subordinated Debentures. The Company estimates the fair value of the FHLB Loans by discounting cash flows using a borrowing rate currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms. The FHLB Loans have been placed in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying amount of the Subordinated Debentures approximates its fair value as the interest rate adjusts quarterly and has been disclosed in Level 3.



($ millions, except interest rates)	March 31, 2017						December 31, 2016
	Carrying value		Fair Value		Interest rate		Carrying value		Fair value		Interest rate
FHLB Loan due 2021: issued $21.5, September 2016 with fixed interest	$	21.5	$	21.0	1.73	%	$	21.5	$	21.0	1.73	%
FHLB Loan due 2033: issued $85.0, July 2013 with fixed interest	85.4		85.3		5.03	%	85.4		85.6		5.03	%
Affiliate Subordinated Debentures due 2033: issued $15.5, May 2003 with variable interest	15.2		15.2		5.25	%	15.2		15.2		5.13	%
Total notes payable	$	122.1	$	121.5			$	122.1	$	121.8

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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