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Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Options
6 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Options

Note B — Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Options

Under the Company’s Restated Omnibus Incentive Plan (formerly the Restated 1988 Executive Stock Option Plan) (“the Plan”) as in effect at September 30, 2016, options exercisable for up to 19,365,000 shares of the Company’s common stock may be granted over the life of the Plan to key employees, non-employee directors, and consultants at exercise prices not less than the fair market value of the stock at the date of grant. Options granted under the Plan are non-statutory stock options and generally vest 25% one year from date of grant and the remaining 75% vesting ratably each month for the next 36 months. The options granted to employees and the board of directors expire at the end of five years and ten years from date of grant, respectively.

The Company records compensation expense for employee stock options based on the estimated fair value of the options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the assumptions included in the table below. The Company uses historical data among other factors to estimate the expected volatility, the expected option life, and the expected forfeiture rate. The risk-free rate is based on the interest rate paid on a U.S. Treasury issue with a term similar to the estimated life of the option. Based upon the historical experience of options cancellations, the Company has estimated an annualized forfeiture rate of 12.28% and 13.16% for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016, respectively.  Forfeiture rates will be adjusted over the requisite service period when actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from the estimate. The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

 

 

2015

 

 

2016

 

Risk-free interest rate

 

 

1.61%

 

 

 

1.03

 

Expected volatility

 

 

44%

 

 

 

42%

 

Expected dividend yield

 

 

0.00%

 

 

 

0.00%

 

Expected forfeiture rate

 

 

12.28%

 

 

 

13.16%

 

Expected weighted average life of option in years

 

4.4 years

 

 

4.4 years

 

 

All options granted in the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016 were granted with an exercise price equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the grant date and are non-statutory stock options.

For the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense of $488,000 and $612,000, respectively.  For the six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense of $1,104,000 and $1,128,000, respectively. The table below shows the amounts recognized in the consolidated financial statements for stock compensation expense for time-based options and performance-based options during the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016, respectively.

Note B — Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Options (continued)

 

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2015

 

 

September 30, 2016

 

Cost of revenues

 

$

321,000

 

 

$

395,000

 

General and administrative

 

 

167,000

 

 

 

217,000

 

Total cost of stock-based compensation included in

   income before income tax provision

 

 

488,000

 

 

 

612,000

 

Amount of income tax benefit recognized

 

 

(188,000

)

 

 

(234,000

)

Amount charged against net income

 

$

300,000

 

 

$

378,000

 

Effect on basic earnings per share

 

$

(0.02

)

 

$

(0.02

)

Effect on diluted earnings per share

 

$

(0.01

)

 

$

(0.02

)

 

 

 

Six Months Ended

 

 

 

September 30, 2015

 

 

September 30, 2016

 

Cost of revenues

 

$

633,000

 

 

$

732,000

 

General and administrative

 

 

471,000

 

 

 

396,000

 

Total cost of stock-based compensation included in

   income before income tax provision

 

 

1,104,000

 

 

 

1,128,000

 

Amount of income tax benefit recognized

 

 

(425,000

)

 

 

(432,000

)

Amount charged against net income

 

$

679,000

 

 

$

696,000

 

Effect on basic net income per share

 

$

(0.03

)

 

$

(0.04

)

Effect on diluted net income per share

 

$

(0.03

)

 

$

(0.04

)

 

Summarized information for all stock options for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016 follows:

 

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2015

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted Average Exercise Price

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted Average Exercise Price

 

Options outstanding, beginning

 

 

1,167,042

 

 

$

28.15

 

 

 

1,074,521

 

 

$

31.56

 

Options granted

 

 

47,300

 

 

 

33.15

 

 

 

45,600

 

 

 

43.32

 

Options exercised

 

 

(59,804

)

 

 

16.91

 

 

 

(14,593

)

 

 

20.61

 

Options cancelled/forfeited

 

 

(18,952

)

 

 

36.25

 

 

 

(2,609

)

 

 

39.33

 

Options outstanding, ending

 

 

1,135,586

 

 

$

28.81

 

 

 

1,102,919

 

 

$

32.17

 

 

 

 

Six Months Ended September 30, 2015

 

 

Six Months Ended September 30, 2016

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted Average Exercise Price

 

 

Shares

 

 

Weighted Average Exercise Price

 

Options outstanding, beginning

 

 

1,163,179

 

 

$

27.65

 

 

 

1,115,465

 

 

$

28.81

 

Options granted

 

 

87,000

 

 

 

33.85

 

 

 

90,500

 

 

 

44.52

 

Options exercised

 

 

(95,641

)

 

 

17.75

 

 

 

(91,216

)

 

 

21.87

 

Options cancelled/forfeited

 

 

(18,952

)

 

 

36.25

 

 

 

(11,830

)

 

 

36.36

 

Options outstanding, ending

 

 

1,135,586

 

 

$

28.81

 

 

 

1,102,919

 

 

$

32.17

 

 

Note B — Stock-Based Compensation and Stock Options (continued)

 

The following table summarizes the status of stock options outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2016:

 

Range of Exercise Price

 

Number of Outstanding Options

 

 

Weighted

Average

Remaining Contractual

Life

 

 

Outstanding

Options –

Weighted

Average

Exercise Price

 

 

Exercisable

Options –

Number of

Exercisable

Options

 

 

Exercisable

Options –

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price

 

$12.71 to $23.10

 

 

335,209

 

 

 

2.51

 

 

$

20.45

 

 

 

304,139

 

 

$

20.19

 

$23.11 to $34.77

 

 

190,134

 

 

 

2.86

 

 

$

30.75

 

 

 

118,443

 

 

$

28.96

 

$34.78 to $35.76

 

 

233,099

 

 

 

3.75

 

 

$

34.78

 

 

 

8,390

 

 

$

34.78

 

$35.77 to $46.20

 

 

344,477

 

 

 

3.72

 

 

$

43.50

 

 

 

103,684

 

 

$

43.26

 

Total

 

 

1,102,919

 

 

 

3.21

 

 

$

32.17

 

 

 

534,656

 

 

$

26.69

 

 

A summary of the status for all outstanding options at September 30, 2016, and changes during the three months then ended, is presented in the table below:

 

 

 

Number of Options

 

 

Weighted Average Exercise Price Per

Share

 

 

Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)

 

 

Aggregate

Intrinsic Value as

of September 30,

2016

 

Options outstanding at July 1, 2016

 

 

1,074,521

 

 

$

31.56

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Granted

 

 

45,600

 

 

 

43.32

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

 

(14,593

)

 

 

20.61

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled – forfeited

 

 

(2,110

)

 

 

39.21

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cancelled – expired

 

 

(499

)

 

 

39.82

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ending outstanding

 

 

1,102,919

 

 

$

32.17

 

 

 

3.21

 

 

$

8,387,418

 

Ending vested and expected to vest

 

 

971,976

 

 

$

31.50

 

 

 

3.09

 

 

$

8,045,668

 

Ending exercisable at September 30, 2016

 

 

534,656

 

 

$

26.69

 

 

 

2.55

 

 

$

6,712,666

 

 

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted during the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016, was $12.53 and $14.78, respectively.

Included in the above-noted stock option grants and stock compensation expense are performance-based stock options under which vesting occurs only upon the Company achieving certain revenue or earnings per shares targets on a calendar year basis as determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. These options were valued in the same manner as the time-vesting options. However, the Company only recognizes stock compensation to the extent that the probable targets are determined to be achieved which allow the performance options to vest.  The Company recognized ($63,000) and ($31,000) of stock compensation expense for the three months ended September 30, 2015 and 2016, respectively, for performance-based stock options.