Regulatory Requirements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Note 25 — Regulatory Requirements

Our business is subject to extensive regulation and supervision by federal, state, local and foreign governmental authorities, including the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), the HUD, the SEC and various state agencies that license our servicing and lending activities. Accordingly, we are regularly subject to examinations, inquiries and requests, including civil investigative demands and subpoenas. The GSEs, Ginnie Mae, the United States Treasury Department, various investors, non-Agency securitization trustees and others also subject us to periodic reviews and audits.

As a mortgage originator and servicer, we must comply with a large number of federal, state and local consumer protection and other laws and regulations, that apply to all facets of our business, including, but not limited to, licensing, loan originations, consumer disclosures, default servicing and collections, foreclosure, filing of claims, registration of vacant or foreclosed properties, handling of escrow accounts, payment application, interest rate adjustments, assessment of fees, loss mitigation, use

of credit reports, handling of unclaimed property, safeguarding of non-public personally identifiable information about our customers, and the ability of our employees to work remotely. These complex requirements change as laws and regulations are enacted, promulgated, amended, interpreted and enforced.

In addition, a number of foreign laws and regulations apply to our operations outside of the U.S., including laws and regulations that govern licensing, privacy, employment, safety, payroll and other taxes and insurance and laws and regulations that govern the creation, continuation and the winding up of companies as well as the relationships between shareholders, our corporate entities, the public and the government in these countries. Our foreign subsidiaries are subject to inquiries and examinations from foreign governmental regulators in the countries in which we operate outside of the U.S.

Our licensed entities are required to renew their licenses, typically on an annual basis, and to do so they must satisfy the license renewal requirements of each jurisdiction, which generally include financial requirements such as providing audited financial statements and satisfying minimum net worth requirements and non-financial requirements such as satisfactory completion of examinations relating to the licensee’s compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

Regulatory capital and liquidity requirements

Our licensed entities are subject to seller/servicer obligations under agreements with the GSEs (regulated by the Federal Housing Finance Agency or FHFA), HUD, FHA, VA and Ginnie Mae, including capital requirements related to tangible net worth, as defined by the applicable agency, daily liquidity requirements, an obligation to provide audited financial statements within 90 days of the applicable entity’s fiscal year end as well as extensive requirements regarding servicing, selling and other matters. In addition, as a large non-depository seller-servicer, we are required to provide the GSEs with third-party servicer and credit ratings, and an annual liquidity and capital plan that includes MSR stress tests. Minimum financial eligibility requirements for GSE seller/servicers and Ginnie Mae issuers include the following:

•Minimum liquidity - generally defined as a percentage of the serviced UPB, ranging from 3.5 to 20 basis points depending on remittance obligations, loan type and investors. In addition, we are required to maintain 2 and 5 basis points for supplemental liquidity as a large non-depository seller-servicer for GSE or Ginnie Mae servicing, respectively. Additional minimum liquidity requirements include 50 basis points of the Originations pipeline loans held for sale and IRLCs. Eligible liquidity generally includes cash and 50% of the unused portion of committed Agencies servicing advance financing facilities pursuant to FHFA rules or servicing advances pursuant to Ginnie Mae rules.

•Minimum tangible net worth - generally defined as a percentage of the serviced UPB, with 100 basis points for reverse servicing under Ginnie Mae rules (25 basis points under FHFA rules), 35 basis points for Ginnie Mae servicing (forward) and 25 basis points for GSE and other investors.

•Minimum capital ratio (FHFA) or leverage ratio (Ginnie Mae) of 6% - defined as Tangible or Adjusted Net Worth to total assets. As issuer of HMBS, PHH received an exemption to exclude reverse mortgage loans securitized into HMBS ($9.6 billion at December 31, 2025) from total assets due to the “lack of true sale accounting treatment of the HMBS Program” as per the Ginnie Mae guide.

•Minimum risk-based capital ratio (RBCR) of 6% (as Ginnie Mae issuer) - generally defined as Adjusted Net Worth less Excess MSR to risk weighted assets. Excess MSR is deducted from Adjusted Net Worth when the MSR fair value exceeds the Adjusted Net Worth. Government and GSE conforming loans held-for-sale UPB are risk weighted at 20%, other loans held-for-sale at 50%, other assets at 100% and MSRs at 250%. MSR values may be reduced by 10% to 50% depending on historical Hedge Efficacy ratio of fair value changes of MSR hedging derivatives and MSR fair value changes due to market and model changes (e.g., 50% MSR value reduction for 80-120% Hedge Efficacy). In the second quarter of 2025, in order to achieve and maintain compliance with the Ginnie Mae RBCR requirements, PHH transferred certain GSE MSR investment activities previously conducted by PHH to a dedicated licensed entity PAS, a wholly owned subsidiary of PHH Corporation and Onity, with PHH retaining the subservicing.

We believe our licensed entities were in compliance with all of their minimum net worth, capital and liquidity requirements at December 31, 2025. The most restrictive requirements were as follows at December 31, 2025:


	Required		Reported
Net worth
PHH	$	280.1	421.1
PAS	267.3		314.1
Liquidity (3)
PHH - FHFA (1)	75.2		148.8
PHH - Ginnie Mae (2)	76.5		512.4

PAS - FHFA (1)	84.0		199.3

(1)Reported liquidity includes 50 percent of the unused portion of committed Agency servicing advance facilities, as defined by the FHFA.

(2)Reported liquidity includes Servicing advances as eligible liquidity pursuant to Ginnie Mae’s liquidity requirements.

(3)The liquidity displayed in the above table reflects liquidity measures as defined by regulators that differ from the total liquidity available to finance the business. At December 31, 2025, our total liquidity of $205.0 million included $180.5 million of unrestricted cash and $24.5 million total available committed and uncommitted borrowing capacity based on the amount of eligible collateral.

New York Department of Financial Services (NY DFS). The NY DFS currently limits our ability to acquire MSRs with respect to New York loans, so that Onity may not increase its aggregate portfolio of New York loans serviced or subserviced by Onity by more than 2% per year. This restriction will remain in place until the NY DFS conducts a review and determines that Onity has developed a satisfactory infrastructure to board sizable portfolios of MSRs. We believe we have complied with all terms required by the NY DFS.