424B5 1 d424b5.htm FORM 424(B)(5) Form 424(b)(5)
Table of Contents

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration Statement No. 333-136378

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 9, 2007

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To Prospectus Dated May 7, 2007)

LOGO

The Export-Import Bank of Korea

(A statutory juridical entity established under The Export-Import Bank of Korea Act of 1969, as amended, in the Republic of Korea)

US$            % Notes due 20    

Our US$             aggregate principal amount of notes due 20     (the “Notes”) will bear interest at a rate of     % per annum. Interest on the Notes is payable semi-annually in arrears on                      and                      of each year, beginning on                     , 20     . The Notes will mature on                     , 20    .

The Notes will be issued in minimum denominations of US$100,000 principal amount and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof. The Notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of The Depository Trust Company, as depositary.

 


Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 


 

     Per Note     Total

Public offering price

        %   US$             

Underwriting discounts

        %   US$             

Proceeds to us, before expenses

        %   US$             

In addition to the initial public offering price, you will have to pay for accrued interest, if any, from and including                     , 20    .

We have applied to the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (the “SGX-ST”) for listing of the Notes. There can be no assurance that such listing will be obtained for the Notes. Currently, there is no public market for the Notes. The SGX-ST assumes no responsibility for the correctness of any statements made, opinions expressed or reports contained herein. Admission of the Notes to the Official List of the SGX-ST is not to be taken as an indication of the merits of the issuer or the Notes.

The underwriters expect to deliver the Notes to investors through the book-entry facilities of The Depository Trust Company on or about                     , 20    .

 


Joint Lead Managers and Bookrunners

 

ABN AMRO    BNP PARIBAS    Merrill Lynch & Co.    Morgan Stanley

Prospectus Supplement Dated                     , 2007


Table of Contents

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page
Prospectus Supplement   

Summary of the Offering

   S-6

Use of Proceeds

   S-7

Recent Developments

   S-8

Description of the Notes

   S-78

Clearance and Settlement

   S-80

United States Tax Considerations

   S-83

Underwriting

   S-84

Legal Matters

   S-88

Official Statements and Documents

   S-88

General Information

   S-88
Prospectus   

Certain Defined Terms and Conventions

   1

Use of Proceeds

   2

The Export-Import Bank of Korea

   3

Overview

   3

Capitalization

   4

Business

   5

Selected Financial Statement Data

   8

Operations

   10

Description of Assets and Liabilities

   16

Credit Policies, Credit Approval and Risk Management

   27

Capital Adequacy

   29

Overseas Operations

   29

Property

   30

Management and Employees

   30

Financial Statements and the Auditors

   32

The Republic of Korea

   87

Land and History

   87

Government and Politics

   88

The Economy

   92

The Financial System

   103

Monetary Policy

   108

Balance of Payments and Foreign Trade

   112

Government Finance

   116

Debt

   118

Tables and Supplementary Information

   120

Description of the Securities

   123

Description of Debt Securities

   123

Description of Warrants

   130

Terms Applicable to Debt Securities and Warrants

   131

Limitations on Issuance of Bearer Debt Securities and Bearer Warrants

   132

 

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     Page

Taxation

   133

Korean Taxation

   133

United States Tax Considerations

   135

Plan of Distribution

   144

Legal Matters

   145

Authorized Representatives in the United States

   145

Official Statements and Documents

   145

Experts

   145

Forward-Looking Statements

   145

Further Information

   147

 

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CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS

All references to “we” or “us” mean The Export-Import Bank of Korea. All references to “Korea” or the “Republic” contained in this prospectus supplement mean the Republic of Korea. All references to the “Government” mean the government of Korea. References to “US$” or “U.S. dollars” are to the lawful currency of the United States. Terms used but not defined in this prospectus supplement shall have the same meanings given to them in the accompanying prospectus.

In this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, where information has been provided in units of thousands, millions or billions, such amounts have been rounded up or down. Accordingly, actual numbers may differ from those contained herein due to rounding. Any discrepancy between the stated total amount and the actual sum of the itemized amounts listed in a table, is due to rounding.

Our principal financial statements are our non-consolidated financial statements. Unless specified otherwise, our financial and other information is presented on a non-consolidated basis and does not include such information with respect to our subsidiaries.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The information in this prospectus supplement is in addition to the information contained in our accompanying prospectus dated May 7, 2007. The accompanying prospectus contains information regarding ourselves and Korea, as well as a description of some terms of the Notes. You can find further information regarding us, Korea, and the Notes in registration statement no. 333-136378, as amended, relating to our debt securities, with or without warrants, and guarantees, which is on file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

WE ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT

We are responsible for the accuracy of the information in this document and confirm that to the best of our knowledge we have included all facts that should be included not to mislead potential investors. The address of our registered office is 16-1, Youido-dong, Yongdeungpo-ku, Seoul 150-996, The Republic of Korea. The SGX-ST takes no responsibility for the contents of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and makes no representation as to liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Admission of the Notes to the Official List of the SGX-ST is not to be taken as an indication of the merits of the issuer or the Notes.

NOT AN OFFER IF PROHIBITED BY LAW

The distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and the offer of the Notes, may be legally restricted in some countries. If you wish to distribute this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, you should observe any restrictions. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus should not be considered an offer and it is prohibited to use them to make an offer, in any state or country which prohibits the offering.

The Notes may not be offered or sold in Korea, directly or indirectly, or to any resident of Korea, except as permitted by Korean law. For more information, see “Underwriting—Foreign Selling Restrictions” on page S-85.

 

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INFORMATION PRESENTED ACCURATE AS OF DATE OF DOCUMENT

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are the only documents on which you should rely for information about the offering. This prospectus supplement may only be used for the purposes for which it has been published. We have authorized no one to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of each document.

 

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SUMMARY OF THE OFFERING

This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To understand the terms of our Notes, you should carefully read this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.

The Notes

We are offering US$              aggregate principal amount of     % notes due                     , 20    (the “Notes”).

The Notes will bear interest at a rate of     % per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on                      and of each year, beginning on                     , 2008. Interest on the Notes will accrue from                     , 2007, and will be computed based on a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. See “Description of the Notes—Payment of Principal and Interest.”

The Notes will be issued in minimum denominations of US$100,000 principal amount and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof. The Notes will be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a nominee of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), as depositary.

We do not have any right to redeem the Notes prior to maturity.

Listing

We have applied to list the Notes on the SGX-ST. Settlement of the Notes is not conditioned on obtaining the listing. We cannot give assurance that the application to the SGX-ST for the Notes will be approved. The Notes will be traded on the SGX-ST in a minimum board lot size of US$200,000, for so long as the Notes are listed on the SGX-ST.

Form and settlement

We will issue the Notes in the form of one or more fully registered global notes, registered in the name of a nominee of DTC. Except as described in the accompanying prospectus under “Description of the Securities—Description of Debt Securities—Global Securities,” the global notes will not be exchangeable for Notes in definitive registered form, and will not be issued in definitive registered form. Financial institutions, acting as direct and indirect participants in DTC, will represent your beneficial interests in the global notes. These financial institutions will record the ownership and transfer of your beneficial interest through book-entry accounts. You may hold your beneficial interests in the Notes through Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. (“Euroclear”) or Clearstream Banking, société anonyme (“Clearstream”) if you are a participant in such systems, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such systems. Any secondary market trading of book-entry interests in the Notes will take place through DTC participants, including Euroclear and Clearstream. See “Clearance and Settlement—Transfers Within and Between DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream”.

Further Issues

We may from time to time, without the consent of the holders of the Notes, create and issue additional debt securities with the same terms and conditions as the Notes in all respects so that such further issue shall be consolidated and form a single series with the Notes.

Delivery of the Notes

We expect to make delivery of the Notes, against payment in same-day funds on or about                     , 2007, which we expect will be the              business day following the date of this prospectus supplement, referred to as “T+    ”. You should note that initial trading of the Notes may be affected by the T+     settlement. See “Underwriting—Delivery of the Notes.”

 

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will use the net proceeds from the sale of the Notes for our general operations, including repayment of our maturing debt and other obligations.

 

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RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

This section provides information that supplements the information about our bank and the Republic included under the headings corresponding to the headings below in the accompanying prospectus dated May 7, 2007. Defined terms used in this section have the meanings given to them in the accompanying prospectus. If the information in this section differs from the information in the accompanying prospectus, you should rely on the information in this section.

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

Overview

As of June 30, 2007, we had (Won)17,379.7 billion of outstanding loans, including (Won)11,528.6 billion of outstanding export credits, (Won)3,559.2 billion of outstanding overseas investment credits and (Won)1,571.4 billion of outstanding import credits, as compared to (Won)15,051 billion of outstanding loans, including (Won)9,818 billion of outstanding export credits, (Won)3,212 billion of outstanding overseas investment credits and (Won)1,300 billion of outstanding import credits as of December 31, 2006.

Capitalization

As of June 30, 2007, our authorized capital was (Won)4,000 billion and our capitalization was as follows:

 

     June 30, 2007(1)
     (billions of Won)
     (unaudited)

Long-Term Debt(2)(3)(4):

  

Borrowings in Korean Won

   (Won) —  

Borrowings in Foreign Currencies

     —  

Export-Import Financing Debentures

     9,066.4

The Notes offered hereby

     —  
      

Total Long-Term Debt

     9,066.4
      

Capital and Reserves:

  

Paid-in Capital(5)

     3,305.8

Legal Reserve(6)

     210.3

Voluntary Reserve(6)

     614.5

Unappropriated Retained Earnings

     88.5

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income(7)

     651.5
      

Total Capital and Reserves

   (Won) 4,870.5
      

Total Capitalization(6)

   (Won) 13,936.9
      

(1) Except as described in this prospectus supplement, there has been no material adverse change in our capitalization since June 30, 2007.
(2) We have translated borrowings in foreign currencies into Won at the rate of (Won)926.8 to US$1.00, which was the market average exchange rate, as announced by the Seoul Monetary Brokerage Services Ltd., on June 30, 2007.
(3) As of June 30, 2007, we had contingent liabilities totaling (Won)52,916.8 billion, which consisted of (Won)25,691.1 billion under outstanding guarantees and acceptances and (Won)27,225.7 billion under contingent guarantees and acceptances issued on behalf of our clients. As of June 30, 2007, we had entered into 56 interest rate related derivative contracts with a notional amount of (Won)6,045.5 billion and 67 currency related derivative contracts with a notional amount of (Won)4,129.4 billion in accordance with our policy to hedge interest rate and currency risks.

 

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(4) All our borrowings, whether domestic or international, are unsecured and unguaranteed.
(5) Authorized ordinary share capital is (Won)4,000 billion and issued fully-paid ordinary share capital is (Won)3,305.8 billion. See “Government Support and Supervision” in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus.
(6) See “Government Support and Supervision” in the accompanying prospectus for a description of the manner in which annual net income is transferred to the legal reserve and may be transferred to the voluntary reserve.
(7) Previously classified as capital adjustments. Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted a set of new accounting standards issued by the Korea Accounting Standard Board and reclassified certain components of our balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. See “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of June 30, 2007—Note 2”.

Selected Financial Statement Data

The following tables present financial information for the six months ended June 30, 2006 and 2007 and as of December 31, 2006 and June 30, 2007:

 

    

Six Months Ended

June 30,

 
     2007     2006  
     (billions of won)  
     (unaudited)  

Income Statement Data

    

Total Interest Income

   (Won) 466.0     (Won) 320.7  

Total Interest Expenses

     326.5       217.9  

Net Interest Income

     139.5       102.8  

Total Revenues

     938.1       789.7  

Total Expenses

     821.9       583.0  

Income before Income Taxes

     116.2       206.7  

Income Tax Benefit (expense)

     (27.7 )     (56.8 )

Net Income

     88.5       149.9  
    

As of

June 30,

2007

(unaudited)

   

As of

December
31,

2006

 
     (billions of won)  

Balance Sheet Data

    

Total Loans(1)

   (Won) 17,379.7     (Won) 15,050.5  

Total Borrowings(2)

     13,682.9       11,798.7  

Total Assets

     19,831.8       17,448.5  

Total Liabilities

     14,961.3       12,688.5  

Total Shareholders’ Equity(3)

     4,870.5       4,759.9  

(1) Includes bills bought, foreign exchange bought and others without present value discounts.
(2) Includes debentures.
(3) Includes unappropriated retained earnings.

For the six months ended June 30, 2007, we had net income of (Won)88.5 billion compared to net income of (Won)149.9 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2006.

 

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The principal factors for the decrease in net income for the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2006 included:

 

   

a decrease in gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities to (Won)55.6 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2007 from (Won)184.4 billion in the same period of 2006; the (Won)55.6 billion gain in the six months ended June 30, 2007 reflected principally the sale of our equity interest in SK Networks and the (Won)184.4 billion gain in the six months ended June 30, 2006 reflected principally the sale of our equity interest in Korea Exchange Bank;

 

   

an increase in net foreign exchange trading losses to (Won)110.7 billion in the six months ended June 30, 2007 from (Won)44.8 billion in the same period of 2006, primarily due to losses on Euro-denominated liability transactions resulting from the appreciation of the Euro against the Won and losses on Dollar-denominated asset transactions resulting from the depreciation of the Dollar against the Won; and

 

   

an increase in provision for acceptance and guarantee losses to (Won)84.0 billion in the six months ended June 30, 2007 from (Won)28.2 billion in the same period of 2006, primarily due to an increase in guarantees.

The above factors were partially offset by (1) net gain on derivative instruments of (Won)99.3 billion in the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to net loss on derivative instruments of (Won)28.3 billion in the same period of 2006 and (2) an increase in net interest income to (Won)139.5 billion in the six months ended June 30, 2007 from (Won)102.8 billion in the same period of 2006.

As of June 30, 2007, our total assets increased by 13.7% to (Won)19,831.8 billion from (Won)17,448.5 billion as of December 31, 2006, primarily due to a 15.5% increase in loans to (Won)17,379.7 billion as of June 30, 2007 from (Won)15,050.5 billion as of December 31, 2006.

As of June 30, 2007, our total liabilities increased by 17.9% to (Won)14,961.3 billion from (Won)12,688.5 billion as of December 31, 2006. The increase in liabilities was primarily due to a 21.7% increase in debentures to (Won)12,182.3 billion as of June 30, 2007 from (Won)10,011.8 billion as of December 31, 2006.

The increase in assets and liabilities was primarily due to an increase in the volume of loans and debt, respectively. The appreciation of the Won against the Dollar for the six months ended June 30, 2007 compared to the same period of 2006 partially offset the effect of the increase in the volume of loans and debt, as a majority of our assets and liabilities consisted of foreign currency loans and debt, respectively.

As of June 30, 2007, our total shareholders’ equity increased by 2.3% to (Won)4,870.5 billion from (Won)4,759.9 billion as of December 31, 2006 primarily due to an increase in retained earnings by (Won)71.7 billion.

Operations

Loan Operations

In the first half of 2007, we provided total loans of (Won)10,508.3 billion, an increase of 19.7% from the same period of 2006.

 

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The following table sets out the total amounts of our outstanding loans, categorized by type of credit, as of June 30, 2007:

 

     June 30,
2007
  

As % of

June 30, 2007 Total

 
     (billions of Won)  

Export Credits(1)

     

Ships

   (Won) 4,088.7    23.5 %

Industrial Plants

     2,516.6    14.5  

Machinery

     473.0    2.7  

Foreign Exchange Bought

     664.7    3.8  

Trade Bill Rediscount

     956.4    5.5  

Others(2)

     2,829.2    16.3  
             

Sub-total

     11,528.6    66.3  
             

Overseas Investment Credits

     3,559.2    20.5  

Import Credits

     1,571.4    9.1  

Others(3)

     354.2    2.0  

Call Loans and Inter-bank Loans in Foreign Currency

     366.3    2.1  
             

Total

   (Won) 17,379.7    100.0 %
             

(1) Includes bills bought.
(2) Includes interbank export loans, offshore loans, and miscellaneous other items.
(3) Includes domestic usance, loans for debt-equity swap, advances for customers, and miscellaneous other items.
Source: Internal accounting records

Export Credits

As of June 30, 2007, export credits in the amount of (Won)11,528.6 billion represented 66.3% of our total outstanding loans. Our disbursements of export credits amounted to (Won)7,957.8 billion in the first half of 2007, an increase of 17.1% over the same period of 2006, which was mainly due to an increase in demand for loan financing from both domestic exporters and foreign importers.

Overseas Investment Credits

As of June 30, 2007, overseas investment credits amounted to (Won)3,559.2 billion, representing 20.5% of our total outstanding loans. Our disbursements of overseas investment credits in the first half 2007 increased by 25.8% to (Won)1,044.2 billion over the same period of 2006, primarily due to an increase in natural resources development projects undertaken by Korean companies in the first half of 2007.

Import Credits

As of June 30, 2007, import credits in the amount of (Won)1,571.4 billion represented 9.1% of our total outstanding loans. Our disbursements of import credits amounted to (Won)1,488.3 billion in the first half of 2007, an increase of 41.0% over the same period of 2006, which was mainly due to an increase in demand for financing for raw materials used for export and domestic consumption.

 

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Guarantee Operations

Guarantee commitments as of June 30, 2007 increased to (Won)52,916.8 billion from (Won)45,707.8 billion as of December 31, 2006. Guarantees we had confirmed as of June 30, 2007 increased to (Won)25,691.1 billion from (Won)22,313.6 billion as of December 31, 2006.

In the first half of 2007, we issued project related confirmed guarantees in the amount of (Won)9,739.0 billion, an increase of 50.1% over the same period of 2006, which was mainly due to increased demand for advance payment guarantees arising from the increasingly active shipbuilding sector.

For further information regarding our guarantee and letter of credit operations, see “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of June 30, 2007—Note 11”.

Description of Assets and Liabilities

Total Credit Exposure

The following table sets out our Credit Exposure as of June 30, 2007, categorized by type of exposure extended:

 

     June 30, 2007  
    

(billions of Won, except

for percentages)

 

A        Loans in Won

   (Won) 3,648     8.6 %

B         Loans in Foreign Currencies

     12,605     29.7  

C         Loans (A+B)

     16,253     38.3  

D        Other Loans

     761     1.8  

E         Call Loans and Inter-bank Loans in Foreign Currency

     366     0.9  

F         Loan Credits (C+D+E)

     17,380     41.0  

G        Allowances for Possible Loan Losses

     (646 )   (1.5 )

H        Present Value Discount (PVD)

     (41 )   (0.1 )

I          Loan Credits including PVD (F-G-H)

     16,693     39.4  

J          Guarantees

     25,691     60.6  

K        Credit Exposure (I+J)

     42,384     100.0  

 

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Loan Credits by Geographic Area

The following table sets out the total amount of our outstanding Loan Credits (excluding call loans and inter-bank loans in foreign currency) as of June 30, 2007, categorized by geographic area(1)(2):

 

     June 30, 2007   

As % of

June 30, 2007

Total

 
     (billions of Won, except for percentages)  

Asia

   (Won) 6,585.0    38.7 %

Europe

     4,543.2    26.7  

Middle East

     2,571.7    15.1  

Central and South America

     666.2    3.9  

North America

     2,109.7    12.4  

Africa

     45.4    0.3  

Others

     492.2    2.9  
             

Total

   (Won) 17,013.4    100.0 %
             

(1) For purposes of this table, export credits have been allocated to the geographic areas in which the foreign buyers of Korean exports are located; overseas investment credits have been allocated to the geographic areas in which the overseas investments being financed are located; and import credits have been allocated to the geographic areas in which the sellers of the imported goods are located.
(2) Excludes call loans, inter-bank loans in foreign currency, and loan value adjustments.
Source: Internal accounting records.

Individual Exposure

As of June 30, 2007, our largest Credit Exposure was to Hyundai Heavy Industries Group companies in the amount of (Won)9,434 billion.

As of June 30, 2007, our second largest and third largest Credit Exposures respectively were to Samsung Group companies in the amount of (Won)6,799 billion and to Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering in the amount of (Won)3,612 billion.

The following table sets out our five largest Credit Exposures as of June 30, 2007(1):

 

Rank   

Name of Borrower

   Loans    Guarantees    Total
          (billions of Won)
1    Hyundai Heavy Industries    (Won) 50.9    (Won) 9,382.7    (Won) 9,433.5
2    Samsung      53.1      6,746.1      6,799.2
3    Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering      —        3,611.9      3,611.9
4    Hyundai Motor Co.      801.0      399.9      1,200.9
5    SK      625.5      503.3      1,128.8

(1) Includes loans and guarantees extended to affiliates.

Source: Internal accounting records.

As of June 30, 2007, our Credit Exposure to SK Networks and its subsidiaries amounted to (Won)213.3 billion and was classified as normal. Provisioning for such Credit Exposure was at 2.4% as of June 30, 2007.

 

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Asset Quality

Asset Classifications

The following table provides information on our asset quality and loan loss reserves as of June 30, 2007:

 

     As of June 30, 2007
     Loan
Amount(1)
   Minimum
Reserve Ratio
    Loan Loss
Reserve(2)
     (in billions of Won, except percentages)

Normal

   (Won) 69,481.3    0.7 %   (Won) 871.6

Precautionary

     360.9    7.0 %     57.6

Sub-standard

     58.1    20.0 %     25.0

Doubtful

     15.7    50.0 %     13.9

Estimated Loss

     14.3    100.0 %     14.3
               

Total

   (Won) 69,930.3      (Won) 982.4
               

(1) These figures include loans (excluding interbank loans and call loans), domestic usance, bills bought, foreign exchange bought, advances for customers, and confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees.
(2) These figures include present value discount.

Reserves for Credit Losses

The following table sets out our 10 largest non-performing assets as of June 30, 2007.

 

Borrower

   Loans    Guarantees    Total
     (billions of Won)

Banco Santos S.A.

   (Won) 3.9    —      (Won) 3.9

I-Texfil Ltd

     3.7    —        3.7

Choongnam Vietnam Textile Co., Ltd

     3.5    —        3.5

Pioneer (Cayman) Co., Ltd.

     2.0    —        2.0

Dongjin Global Textile Corp.

     1.7    —        1.7

Ajin Paper & Packing Co.

     1.7    —        1.7

Daewoo Electronics DE Mexico S.A.

     1.1    —        1.1

Choongnam Spinning Co., Ltd.

     1.1    —        1.1

Hyun Yang Co., Ltd.

     1.0    —        1.0

Government of the Russian Federation.

     1.0    —        1.0
                

Total

   (Won) 20.6    —      (Won) 20.6
                  

As of June 30, 2007, our exposure to the government of the Russian Federation amounted to (Won)149.4 billion and we had established a 19% provisioning level for that credit exposure.

We cannot provide any assurance that our current level of exposure to non-performing assets will continue in the future or that any of our borrowers (including our largest borrowers as described above) is not currently facing, or in the future will not face, material financial difficulties.

As of June 30, 2007, the amount of our non-performing assets was (Won)27.6 billion, a decrease of 37.3% from (Won)43.8 billion as of December 31, 2006, which was mainly due to the enhanced overall asset quality of our assets.

 

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The following table sets forth information regarding our loan loss reserves as of June 30, 2007:

 

     June 30, 2007  
    

(billions of Won,

except for percentages)

 

Loan Loss Reserve (A)

   (Won) 982.4  

NPA (B)(1)

     27.6  

Total Equity (C)

     4,870.5  

Reserve to NPA (A/B)

     3,559.4 %

Equity at Risk [(B-A)/C]

     —    

(1) Non-performing assets, which are defined as (a) assets classified as doubtful and estimated loss, (b) assets for which principal or interest payments are delinquent by more than 3 months or (c) assets exempted from interest payments due to restructuring or rescheduling.

Source: Internal accounting records.

Investments

As of June 30, 2007, our total investment in securities amounted to (Won)2,589.2 billion, representing 13.1% of our total assets.

The following table sets out the composition of our investment securities as of June 30, 2007:

 

Type of Investment Securities

   Amount    %  
     (billions of
Won)
      

Available-for-Sale Securities

   (Won) 2,496.9    96.4 %

Securities Held-to-Maturity

     —      —    

Investments in Associates

     92.2    3.6 %
             

Total

   (Won) 2,589.2    100.0 %
             

For further information relating to the classification guidelines and methods of valuation for unrealized gains and losses on our securities, see “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of June 30, 2007—Note 2”.

Guarantees and Acceptances and Contingent Liabilities

As of June 30, 2007, we had issued a total amount of (Won)25,691.1 billion in confirmed guarantees and acceptances, of which (Won)25,688.9 billion, representing 99.99% of the total amount, was classified as normal and (Won)2.2 billion, representing 0.01% of the total amount, was classified as precautionary.

Derivatives

As of June 30, 2007, our outstanding loans made at floating rates of interest totaled approximately (Won)11,279 billion, whereas our outstanding borrowings made at floating rates of interest totaled approximately (Won)7,712 billion, including those raised in Singapore dollars, Hong Kong dollars, and Euros and swapped into U.S. dollar floating rate borrowings. As of June 30, 2007, we had entered into 67 currency related derivative contracts with a notional amount of (Won)4,129.4 billion and valuation for BIS capital ratio purposes of (Won)21 billion and had entered into 56 interest rate related derivative contracts with a notional amount of (Won)6,045.5 billion and valuation for BIS capital ratio purposes of (Won)33 billion. See “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of June 30, 2007—Note 14”.

 

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Sources of Funding

We raised a net total of (Won)10,876 billion (new borrowings plus loan repayments by our clients less repayment of our existing debt) during the first half of 2007, an increase of 21.0% from (Won)8,986 billion in the same period of 2006. The total loan repayments, including prepayments by our clients, during the first half of 2007 amounted to (Won)825.1 billion, an increase of 22.1% from (Won)675.6 billion during the same period of 2006.

As of June 30, 2007, we had no outstanding borrowings from the Government. We issued Won-denominated domestic bonds in the aggregate amount of (Won)920 billion during the first half of 2007.

During the first half of 2007, we issued eurobonds in the aggregate principal amount of US$1,630.5 million in various types of currencies under our existing Euro medium term notes program (the “EMTN Program”), a 227.0% increase from US$498.6 million in the same period of 2006. These bond issues consisted of offerings of US$150 million, CHF 350 million, HK$2,063 million, Singapore $60 million, and Brazilian Real 1,827 million. In addition, we issued global bonds during the first half 2007 in the aggregate amount of US$300 million and Euro 750 million under our U.S. shelf registration statement (the “U.S. Shelf Program”) compared with US$600 million and Euro 325 million in the same period of 2006. As of June 30, 2007, the outstanding amounts of our notes and debentures were US$7,695 million, JPY 35,000 million, CHF 350 million, Euro 1,375 million, British Pound 15 million, Singapore $350 million, HK$3,874 million and Brazilian Real 2,227 million.

In the first half of 2007, we repaid all of the outstanding amounts previously borrowed from foreign financial institutions and as of June 30, 2007, we had no outstanding borrowings from foreign financial institutions.

As of June 30, 2007, our total paid-in capital amounted to (Won)3,306 billion, and the Government, The Bank of Korea and the Korea Development Bank owned 60.1%, 35.2% and 4.7%, respectively, of our paid-in capital.

As of June 30, 2007, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of our borrowings (including export-import financing debentures), (Won)13,683 billion, was equal to 10.8% of the authorized amount of (Won)126,570 billion.

Debt

Debt Repayment Schedule

The following table sets out the principal repayment schedule for our debt outstanding as of June 30, 2007:

Debt Principal Repayment Schedule

 

     Maturing on or before December 31,

Currency(1)

   2008    2009    2010    2011    Thereafter
     (billions of won)

Won

   (Won) 790    (Won) 80    (Won) 130    (Won) —      (Won) —  

Foreign

     1,785      2,116      834      1,205      3,416
                                  

Total Won Equivalent

   (Won) 2,575    (Won) 2,196    (Won) 964    (Won) 1,205    (Won) 3,416
                                  

(1) Borrowings in foreign currency have been translated into Won at the market average exchange rates on June 30, 2007, as announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Services Ltd.

 

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As of June 30, 2007, our foreign currency assets maturing within three months, six months and one year exceeded our foreign currency liabilities coming due within such periods by US$850 million, US$1,023 million and US$1,314 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2007, our total foreign currency liabilities exceeded our total foreign currency assets by US$21 million.

Capital Adequacy

As of June 30, 2007, our capital adequacy ratio was 10.81%, a decrease from 11.88% as of December 31, 2006, which was primarily the result of an increase in guarantees.

The following table sets forth our capital base and capital adequacy ratios reported as of June 30, 2007:

 

     June 30, 2007  
    

(millions of Won,

except for percentages)

 

Tier I

   (Won) 4,217,604  

Paid-in Capital

     3,305,755  

Retained Earnings

     915,977  

Deductions from Tier I Capital

     4,128  

Capital Adjustments

     —    

Deferred Tax Asset

     (201 )

Others

     (3,927 )

Tier II (General Loan Loss Reserves)

     888,914  

Deductions from all capital

     —    

Total Capital

     5,106,518  

Risk Adjusted Assets

     47,250,711  

Capital Adequacy Ratios

  

Tier I

     8.93 %

Tier I and Tier II

     10.81 %

Source: Internal accounting records.

Overseas Operations

The table below sets forth information regarding our subsidiaries as of June 30, 2007:

 

    

Principal Place

of Business

   Type of Business    Our Holding     Book Value
               (%)     (billions of Won)

Kexim Bank (UK) Ltd.

   United
Kingdom
   Commercial
Banking
   100.0 %   (Won) 43.0

KEXIM (Asia) Ltd.

   Hong
Kong
   Commercial
Banking
   100.0       29.3

P.T. Koexim Mandiri Finance

   Indonesia    Leasing and
Factoring
   85.0       11.7

Kexim Vietnam Leasing Co., Ltd.

   Vietnam    Leasing and
Guarantees
   100.0       6.8

 

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Management and Employees

Management

The members of the Board of Executive Directors are currently as follows:

 

Name

   Age   

Executive Director Since

  

Position

Cheon-Sik Yang

   57    September 11, 2006    Chairman and President

Jung-Jun Kim

   58   

October 3, 2007

  

Deputy President

Sung-Uk Hong

   58    May 20, 2005    Executive Director

Tae-Sung Chung

   58    May 20, 2005    Executive Director

Yong-An Choi

   57    May 20, 2005    Executive Director

Jung-Ha Choi

   56    December 29, 2006    Executive Director

Doo-Hwan Kwon

   56    October 3, 2007    Executive Director

The members of the Operations Committee are currently as follows:

 

Name

   Age   

Member Since

  

Position

Cheon-Sik Yang

   56    September 11, 2006    Chairman and President of KEXIM

Sung-Jin Kim

   56    September 1, 2005    Deputy Minister, Ministry of Finance and Economy

Tae-Yeol Cho

   52    January 16, 2007    Deputy Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade

Suk-Woo Hong

   54    March 19, 2007    Deputy Minister, Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy

Dae-Dong Park

   56    March 28, 2007    Standing Commissioner, Financial Supervisory Commission

Han-Keun Yoon

   54    May 8, 2006    Assistant Governor, The Bank of Korea

Jang-Soo Kim

   62    February 27, 2006    Vice Chairman, The Korea Federation of Banks

Chang-Moo Yoo

   56    May 11, 2006    Executive Vice Chairman, Korea International Trade Association

Sung-Bum Park

   57    May 31, 2004    Deputy President, Korea Export Insurance Corporation

Employees

As of June 30, 2007, we had 656 employees. As of June 30, 2007, 343 employees were members of our labor union. We have never experienced a work stoppage of a serious nature.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006

 

     Korean Won  
     2007     2006  
     (In millions)  

ASSETS

    

Due from banks (Notes 3, 15, 19 and 22)

   (Won) 77,281     (Won) 134,494  

Securities (Notes 4, 15 and 19)

     2,589,174       2,557,857  

Loans (Notes 5, 6, 15, 19 and 21)

     17,379,740       15,050,506  

Adjustment on loans in foreign currencies (Note 5)

     (33,465 )     (8,314 )

Allowance for possible loan losses (Note 6)

     (686,799 )     (643,400 )

Tangible assets (Note 7)

     37,712       39,010  

Other assets (Notes 8 and 14)

     468,121       318,320  
                
   (Won) 19,831,767     (Won) 17,448,473  
                

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

LIABILITIES:

    

Borrowings (Notes 9, 15, 19 and 21)

   (Won) 13,682,905     (Won) 11,798,737  

Other liabilities (Notes 2, 10, 11, 12, 14 and 18)

     1,278,364       889,802  
                
     14,961,269       12,688,539  
                

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Capital stock (Note 13)

     3,305,755       3,305,755  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (Note 4)

     651,503       612,607  

Retained earnings (Note 13)

     913,240       841,572  
                
     4,870,498       4,759,934  
                
   (Won) 19,831,767     (Won) 17,448,473  
                

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

     Korean Won
     Three months    Six months
     (In millions)

OPERATING REVENUES:

     

Interest income (Notes 15 and 21):

     

Interest on due from banks

   (Won) 1,965    (Won) 3,693

Interest on securities

     185      378

Interest on loans

     234,834      461,939
             
     236,984      466,010
             

Gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities (Note 4):

     35,758      55,555
             

Gain on disposal of loans

     —        575
             

Foreign exchange trading income

     —        23,226
             

Derivative instrument:

     

Gain on financial derivatives trading

     38,352      63,693

Gain on valuation of financial derivatives (Note 14)

     88,765      154,169

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items

     21,955      56,124
             
     149,072      273,986
             

Commission income (Note 21)

     31,635      63,233
             

Dividend on available-for-sale securities

     48,513      52,152
             

Total operating revenues

     501,962      934,737
             

OPERATING EXPENSES:

     

Interest expenses (Notes 15 and 21):

     

Interest on call money

     5,766      12,974

Interest on borrowings

     15,219      29,427

Interest on debentures

     142,686      284,083

Other interest expenses

     12      12
             
     163,683      326,496
             

Provision for possible loan losses (Note 6)

     27,878      48,730
             

Foreign exchange trading losses

     68,601      133,910
             

Derivative instrument:

     

Loss on financial derivatives trading

     41,145      79,911

Loss on valuation of financial derivatives (Note 14)

     12,317      47,530

Loss on valuation of fair value hedged items

     25,670      47,260
             
     79,132      174,701
             

Commission expenses

     362      613
             

General and administrative expenses (Note 16)

     30,316      49,523
             

Other operating expenses:

     

Provision for acceptance and guarantee losses (Note 11)

     55,439      84,025

Provision for unused credit line of loan commitments (Note 11)

     651      2,519

Other operating expenses

     74      752
             
     56,164      87,296
             

Total operating expenses

     426,136      821,269
             

OPERATING INCOME

   (Won) 75,826    (Won) 113,468
             

NON-OPERATING INCOME (Notes 4 and 17)

     2,413      3,394

NON-OPERATING EXPENSES (Note 17)

     465      635
             

NET INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX

     77,774      116,227

INCOME TAX EXPENSE (Note 18)

     17,153      27,728
             

NET INCOME

   (Won) 60,621    (Won) 88,499
             

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

For the six months ended June 30, 2007

 

     Korean Won  
     2007  
     (In millions)  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

  

Net income

   (Won) 88,499  
        

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

  

Amortization of bond discounts

     21,884  

Provision for possible loan losses

     48,730  

Foreign exchange trading losses

     133,910  

Loss on financial derivatives trading

     79,911  

Loss on valuation of financial derivatives

     47,530  

Loss on valuation of fair value hedged items

     47,260  

Provision for acceptance and guarantee losses

     84,025  

Provision for unused credit line of loan commitments

     2,519  

Depreciation

     1,724  

Amortization

     990  

Provision for severance benefits

     1,907  

Loss on disposal of tangible assets

     1  

Dividends on securities using the equity method

     196  

Amortization of present value discount

     (2,591 )

Amortization of bond premium

     (532 )

Gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities

     (55,555 )

Gain on disposal of loans

     (575 )

Foreign exchange trading income

     (23,226 )

Gain on financial derivatives trading

     (63,693 )

Gain on valuation of financial derivatives

     (154,169 )

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items

     (56,124 )

Gain on disposal of tangible assets

     (657 )

Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method

     (2,300 )
        
     111,165  
        

Changes in assets and liabilities resulting from operations:

  

Net decrease in available-for-sale securities

     85,158  

Net increase in loans

     (2,423,187 )

Net increase in accrued income

     (51,613 )

Net increase in financial derivatives assets

     (11,180 )

Net increase in unpaid foreign exchange liabilities

     179,367  

Net increase in payables

     2,018  

Net increase in accrued expenses

     92,107  

Net decrease in deferred income tax liabilities

     (7,375 )

Net decrease in deferred revenue

     (2,427 )

Net increase in financial derivatives liabilities

     17,001  

Payment of severance benefits

     (1,723 )

Others, net

     21,374  
        
     (2,100,480 )
        

Net cash used in operating activities

     (1,900,816 )
        

(Continued)

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

For the six months ended June 30, 2007

 

     Korean Won  
     2007  
     (In millions)  

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

  

Disposal of tangible assets

   (Won) 29  

Purchase of tangible assets

     (429 )

Purchase of intangible assets

     (361 )

Disposal of non-business use properties

     670  

Purchase of non-business use properties

     (730 )

Net increase in other assets

     (1,568 )
        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (2,389 )
        

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

  

Net increase in foreign borrowings

     70,257  

Net decrease in call money

     (356,670 )

Net increase in debentures

     511,412  

Net increase in foreign debentures

     1,637,816  

Payment of dividends

     (16,831 )
        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     1,845,984  
        

NET DECREASE IN DUE FROM BANKS

     (57,221 )

DUE FROM BANKS, BEGINNING OF THE PERIOD

     132,034  
        

DUE FROM BANKS, END OF THE PERIOD (Note 22)

   (Won) 74,813  
        

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the six months ended June 30, 2007

 

    

Capital

Stock

  

Accumulated

other
comprehensive

income

   

Retained

earnings

    Total  
     (In millions)  

January 1, 2007

   (Won) 3,305,755    (Won) 612,607     (Won) 841,572     (Won) 4,759,934  

Dividends

     —        —         (16,831 )     (16,831 )
               

Retained earnings after appropriations

     —        —         824,741       —    

Net income

     —        —         88,499       88,499  

Gains on valuation of available-for-sale securities

     —        39,587       —         39,587  

Gains on valuation of securities using equity method

     —        (691 )     —         (691 )
                               

June 30, 2007

   (Won) 3,305,755    (Won) 651,503     (Won) 913,240     (Won) 4,870,498  
                               

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

1.     General:

The Export-Import Bank of Korea (the “Bank”) was established in 1976 as a special financial institution under the Export-Import Bank of Korea Act (the “EXIM Bank Act”) to engage in facilitating export and import transactions, overseas investments and overseas resources development through the extension of loans and other financial facilities. The Bank has eleven domestic branches, four overseas subsidiaries and twelve overseas offices as of June 30, 2007.

The Bank has (Won)4,000,000 million of authorized capital and as of June 30, 2007, its paid-in capital is (Won)3,305,755 million through several capital increases. The Bank is owned by the Government of the Republic of Korea (the “Government”), the Bank of Korea (“BOK”) and Korea Development Bank with 60.11%, 35.24% and 4.65% shareholding, respectively, as of June 30, 2007.

The Bank, as an agent of the Government, has managed The Economic Development Cooperation Fund and the Inter-Korean Cooperation Fund (the “Funds”) since June 1987 and March 1991, respectively. The Funds are managed under separate accounts from the Bank’s own accounts and not included in the accompanying non-consolidated financial statements. The related management commissions are received from the Government.

2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:

Basis of Non-consolidated Financial Statement Presentation

The Bank maintains its official accounting records in Korean Won and prepares statutory non-consolidated financial statements in the Korean language (Hangul) in conformity with the accounting principles and banking accounting standards generally accepted in the Republic of Korea. Certain accounting principles and banking accounting standards applied by the Bank that conform with financial accounting standards and accounting principles in the Republic of Korea may not conform with generally accepted accounting principles and banking accounting practices in other countries. Accordingly, these non-consolidated financial statements are intended for use by those who are informed about Korean accounting principles and practices. The accompanying financial statements have been condensed, restructured and translated into English (with certain expanded descriptions) from the Korean language non-consolidated financial statements. Certain information included in the Korean language financial statements, but not required for a fair presentation of the Bank’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows, is not presented in the accompanying financial statements.

The significant accounting policies followed by the Bank in preparing the accompanying financial statements are summarized below.

Interest Income Recognition

The Bank applies the accrual basis in recognizing interest income related to deposits, loans and securities, except for non-secured uncollectible receivables. Interest on loans, whose principal or interest is past due at the balance sheet date, is generally not accrued, with the exception of interest on certain loans secured by guarantee of governments or government agencies, or collateralized by bank deposits. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued interest is generally reversed

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

and deducted from current interest income; and future interest income is recognized on cash basis in accordance with the accounting standards of the banking industry. As of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the accrued interest income not recognized in the accompanying financial statements based on the above criteria, amounted to (Won)48,664 million and (Won)16,373 million, respectively.

Classification of Securities

At acquisition, the Bank classifies securities into one of the following categories: trading, available-for-sale, held-to-maturity and securities using the equity method, depending on marketability, acquisition purpose and ability to hold. Debt and equity securities that are bought and held for the purpose of selling them in the near term and actively traded over-the-counter are classified as trading securities. Debt securities with fixed and determinable payments and fixed maturity that an enterprise has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities. Securities that should be valuated with the equity method are classified as securities using the equity method. Debt and equity securities not classified as the above are categorized as available-for-sale securities.

If the objective and ability to hold securities of the Bank change, available-for-sale securities can be reclassified as held-to-maturity securities and vice-versa. However, if the Bank sells held-to-maturity securities or requires the issuer to redeem the securities early in the current year and the proceeding two years, or if it reclassifies held-to-maturity securities as available-for-sale securities, all debt securities that are owned or purchased cannot be classified as held-to-maturity securities. On the other hand, trading securities cannot be re-categorized as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities and the other categories cannot be reclassified as trading securities. Nevertheless, trading securities can be reclassified as available-for-sale securities only when the fair value of the trading securities cannot be readily determinable.

Valuation of Securities

(1)    Valuation of Trading Securities

Trading equity and debt securities are initially recognized at acquisition cost plus incidental expenses determined by the individual method. When the face value of trading debt securities differs from its acquisition cost, the effective interest method is applied to amortize the difference over the remaining term of the securities. After initial recognition, trading securities are valued at fair value if the fair value of trading securities differs from its acquisition cost. The carrying value is adjusted to the fair value and the resulting valuation gain or loss is charged to current operations.

(2)    Valuation of Held-to-maturity Securities

Held-to-maturity securities are initially recognized at acquisition cost plus incidental expenses, determined by the individual method. When the face value of held-to-maturity securities differs from its acquisition cost, the effective interest method is applied to amortize the difference over

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

the remaining term of the securities. If collectible value is below the amortized cost and the pervasive evidence of impairment exists, the carrying value is adjusted to collectible value and the resulting valuation loss is charged to current operations.

(3)    Valuation of Available-for-sale Securities

Available-for-sale securities are initially recognized at acquisition cost plus incidental expenses, determined by the individual method. The effective interest method is applied to amortize the difference between the face value and the acquisition cost over the remaining term of the debt security. After initial recognition, available-for-sale securities are stated at fair value, with the net unrealized gain or loss presented as gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities in accumulated other comprehensive income. Accumulated other comprehensive income of securities are charged to current operations in a lump sum at the time of disposal or impairment recognition. Non-marketable equity securities are stated at acquisition cost on the financial statements if the fair value of the securities is not reliably determinable.

If the fair value of equity securities (net asset fair value in case of non-marketable equity securities stated at acquisition cost) is below the acquisition cost and the pervasive evidence of impairment exists, the carrying value is adjusted to fair value and the resulting valuation loss is charged to current operations. If the collectible value of debt securities is below the amortized cost and the pervasive evidence of impairment exists, the carrying value is adjusted to collectible value and the resulting valuation loss is charged to current operations. With respect to impaired securities, any unrealized valuation gain or loss of securities previously included in the accumulated other comprehensive income is reversed.

(4)    Valuation of Securities Using the Equity Method

Equity securities held for investment in companies in which the Bank is able to exercise significant influence over the investees are accounted for using the equity method. The Bank’s share in net income or net loss of investees is included in current operations. Changes in the retained earnings of investee are reflected in the retained earnings. Changes in the capital surplus, capital adjustments or accumulated other comprehensive income of investee are reflected as gain or loss on valuation of securities accounted for using the equity method in accumulated other comprehensive income.

(5)    Recovery of Loss on Impairment of Available-for-Sale Securities and Held-to-Maturity Securities

If the reasons for impairment losses on available-for-sale securities no longer exist, the recovery is recorded in current operations under operating revenue up to amount of the previously recognized impairment loss as reversal of impairment loss on available-for-sale securities and any excess is included in accumulated other comprehensive income as gain on valuation of available-for-sale securities. However, if the increases in the fair value of the impaired securities are not regarded as the recovery of the impairment, the increases in the fair value are recorded as gain on valuation of available-for-sale securities in accumulated other comprehensive income. For non-marketable

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

equity securities, which were impaired based on the net asset fair value, the recovery is recorded up to their acquisition cost.

(6)    Reclassification of Securities

When held-to-maturity securities are reclassified to available-for-sale securities, those securities are accounted for at fair value on the reclassification date and the difference between the fair value and book value is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income as gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities. When available-for-sale securities are reclassified to held-to-maturity securities, gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities, which had been recorded until the reclassification date, continue to be included in accumulated other comprehensive income and be amortized using the effective interest rate method and the amortized amount is charged to interest income until maturity. The difference between the fair value at the reclassification date and face value of the reclassified securities to held-to-maturity securities is amortized using effective interest rate method and the amortized amount is charged to interest income. In addition, when certain trading securities lose their marketability, such securities are reclassified as available-for-sale securities at fair market value as of reclassification date.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The Supervisory Regulation of Banking Business (the “Supervisory Regulation”) legislated by the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) requires the Bank to classify all credits into five categories as normal, precautionary, substandard, doubtful, or estimated loss based on borrowers’ repayment capability using Forward Looking Criteria (the “FLC”) as well as past due period and status of any bankruptcy proceedings. The Supervisory Regulation also requires the Bank to provide the minimum rate of loan loss provision for each category balance using the prescribed minimum percentages. Based on the standards, the Bank generates the credit ratings considering the borrowers’ industry risk, individual credit risk and financial risk based on the FLC as follows:

 

Classification

 

Credit ratings

 

Provision rates

Normal

  P1~ P6   0.70% or more

Precautionary

  SM   15% or more

Substandard

  S   40% or more

Doubtful

  D   90% or more

Estimated loss

  F   100%

Provisions are applied to all loans excluding call loans and inter-bank loans, which are classified as ‘normal’.

Loans classified as normal have been subdivided into domestic loans and overseas loans. The former was again subdivided into small and medium-sized business loans and big enterprise loans. The allowance was assessed based on the rate of basic provision and default risk by maturity (the variation of accumulated average bankruptcy rates for periods assessed by domestic credit rating agencies). The rate of basic allowance for small and medium-sized business loans was computed using the historical

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

loss experience rate based on the loss experience for the past seven years. However, the domestic banks’ average provision rate for normal loans is applied to the allowance for big enterprise loans due to the lack of statistical significance of the difference between the historical loss experience rate and actual rate of losses on credits. The allowance for overseas normal loans is assessed based on the sovereign credit ratings and type of borrowers (public or private). The provisions are the differences between the discounted value of the sovereign loans and the present value of the risk-free loan with the same conditions. The applied rate for private business is one grade lower than the rate for the public business with the same credit risk. In addition, the Bank provided additional allowance for the top 5 businesses loan and for the 5 sovereign loans in terms of its balance whose credit ratings are lower than C1 in regards with sovereignty considering the credit centralization risk in terms of borrowers’ sovereignty and business.

Pursuant to the Supervisory Regulation of Banking Business, the Bank has provided the allowance for possible losses on acceptances and guarantees to unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees and unused credit line of loan commitments based on the credit classification and minimum rate of loss provision prescribed by the Financial Supervisory Service and the cash conversion factor of the respective exposures.

Restructuring of Loans

The equity interest in the debtors, net of real estates and/or other assets received as full or partial satisfaction of the Bank’s loans, collected through reorganization proceedings, court mediation or debt restructuring agreements of parties concerned, is recorded at fair value at the time of the restructuring. In cases where the fair value of the assets received are less than the book value of the loan (book value before allowances), the Bank offsets first the book value against allowances for loans and then recognizes provisions for loans. Impairment losses for loans that were restructured in a troubled debt restructuring involving a modification of terms are computed by the difference between the present value of future cash flows under debt restructuring agreements discounted at effective interest rates at the time when loans are originated and the book value before allowances for loans. If the amount of allowances already established is less than the impairment losses under the workout plans, the Bank establishes additional allowances for the difference. Otherwise, the Bank reverses the allowances for loan losses.

Valuation of Receivables and Payables at Present Value

Receivables and payables incurred through long-term installment transactions, long-term borrowing and lending transactions, and other similar transactions are stated at the present value of expected future cash flows, unless the difference between nominal value and present value is immaterial. Present value discount or premium is amortized using the effective interest rate method and credited or charged to interest income or interest expense.

Valuation and Depreciation of Tangible Assets

Tangible assets are stated at acquisition cost or production cost including the incidental expenses and capital expenditures, except for assets revalued upward in accordance with the Asset Revaluation

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

Law of Korea. Routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that result in the enhancement of the value or extension of the useful lives of the facilities involved are capitalized as additions to tangible assets.

Depreciation is computed using the declining-balance method (straight-line method for buildings purchased since January 1, 1995 and leasehold improvements) based on the estimated useful lives of the assets as prescribed by the Corporate Income Tax Law of Korea as follows:

 

     Years

Buildings

   10~60

Vehicles

   4

Furniture and fixtures

   4~20

Valuation and Amortization of Intangible Assets

Intangible assets included in other assets are recorded at the production cost or purchase cost, plus incidental expenses and capital expenditures, and deducted by purchase discount, if any. Expenditures incurred in conjunction with the development of new products or technology and others, in which the elements of costs can be individually identified and future economic benefits expected, are capitalized as development costs under intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortized using the reasonable amortization method over the reasonable useful life under 5 years for development costs and other intangible assets.

Recognition of Asset Impairment

When the book value of assets (other than securities and assets valued at present value) exceeds the collective value of the assets due to obsolescence, physical damage or a sharp decrease in market value and the difference is material, the book value are adjusted to collective value in the balance sheet and the resulting impairment loss is charged to current operations. If the collective value of the assets increases in subsequent years, the increase in value is credited to operations as gain until the collective value equals the book value of assets that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized. The Bank assessed the collective value based on expected selling price or appraisal value.

Amortization of Discount (Premium) on Debentures

Discount or premium on debentures issued is amortized over the period from issuance to maturity using the effective interest rate method. Amortization of discount or premium is recognized as interest expense or interest income on the debentures.

Contingent Liabilities

A possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of the Bank is recognized as contingent liabilities when it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits required and the amount of the obligation can be measured with

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

sufficient reliability. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the amount of the liabilities is the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation. In addition, as some or all expenditures required to settle a provision are expected to be reimbursed by another party, the reimbursement is recognized as separate assets in the balance sheet and related income may be offset against expense in the income statement.

Accrued Severance Benefits

Employees and directors with more than one year of employment are entitled to receive a lump-sum payment upon termination of their employment with the Bank, based on their length of employment and rate of pay at the time of termination. The Bank had deposited the partial amount of future estimated severance benefits in National Pension Fund in accordance with the former National Pension Law. These are recorded as contra accounts of accrued severance benefits of the Bank.

Accounting for Financial Derivative Instruments

The Bank accounts for financial derivative instruments pursuant to the Interpretations on Financial Accounting Standards 53-70 on accounting for financial derivative instruments. Financial derivative instruments are classified as used for trading activities or for hedging activities according to their transaction purpose. All derivative instruments are accounted for at fair value with the valuation gain or loss recorded as an asset or a liability. If the derivative instrument is not part of a transaction qualifying as a hedge, the adjustment to fair value is reflected in current operations.

The accounting for derivative transactions that are part of a qualified hedge based both on the purpose of the transaction and on meeting the specified criteria for hedge accounting differs depending on whether the transaction is a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge. Fair value hedge accounting is applied to a derivative instrument designated as hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability or a firm commitment (hedged item) that is attributable to a particular risk. The gain or loss both on the hedging derivative instruments and on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk is reflected in current operations. Cash flow hedge accounting is applied to a derivative instrument designated as hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows of an asset or a liability or a forecasted transaction that is attributable to a particular risk. The effective portion of gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge is recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income and the ineffective portion is recorded in current operations. The effective portion of gain or loss recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income is reclassified to current earnings in the same period during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense is the amount currently payable for the period added to or deducted from the changes in deferred income taxes. However, deferred income tax assets are recognized only if the future tax benefits from accumulated temporary differences and any tax loss carryforwards are realizable. The difference between the amount currently payable for the period and income tax expense is accounted for as deferred income tax assets or liabilities, which will be charged or credited to income tax expense in the period each temporary difference reverses in the future. Deferred income tax

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

assets or liabilities are calculated based on the expected tax rate to be applied at the reversal period of the related assets or liabilities. Tax payable and deferred income tax assets or liabilities with regards to certain items are charged or credited directly to related components of shareholders’ equity.

Accounting for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

The Bank maintains its accounts in Korean Won. Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in Korean Won based on the prevailing rate of exchange on the transaction date. The Korean Won equivalent of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated in these financial statements based on the basic rate ((Won)926.80 and (Won)929.60 to USD 1.00 at June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively) announced by Seoul Money Brokerage Service, Ltd. or cross rates for other currencies other than U.S. Dollars at the balance sheet dates. Translation gains and losses are credited or charged to operations. Financial statements of overseas branches are translated based on the basic rate at the balances sheet dates.

Discontinued Operation

A discontinued operation refers to a component of the Bank that is capable of being distinguished operationally for financial reporting purposes and is capable of being identified as a major line of business or geographical area of operations, and that the Bank, pursuant to a single plan of discontinuance, substantially disposes in its entirety, such as by selling it in a single transaction; sells off its assets and settles its liabilities individually or in small groups; or terminates it through abandonment. The income (loss) from continuing operation and discontinued operation was not distinguished and separately presented as there was no discontinued operation in the prior year and current period.

Application of the Statement of Korea Accounting Standards

The Korea Accounting Standard Board (KASB) under the Korea Accounting Institute (KAI) issued the Statements of Korea Accounting Standards (SKAS) for achieving a set of Korean accounting standards that should be internationally acceptable and comparable based on SKAS Act 92. The Bank adopted SKAS No.1 (Accounting Changes and Error Corrections) through SKAS No.20 (Related Party Disclosures) (excluding SKAS No.11 and No.14) as of or before December 31, 2006, and SKAS No.11 (Discontinued Operation) and SKAS No.21 (Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements) through SKAS No.25 (Consolidated Financial Statements) have been adopted since January 1, 2007.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

With the adoption of SKAS No.21 (Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements) and SKAS No.24 (Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Financial Industry]), the Bank included the statement of changes in shareholders’ equity in the financial statements, and reclassified the components of the balance sheets as follows:

 

Classification

  

Before

  

After

Assets

  

- Due from banks

  

- Due from banks

  

- Securities

  

- Securities

  

- Loans

  

- Loans

  

- Fixed assets

  

- Tangible assets

  

- Other assets

  

- Other assets

Liabilities

  

- Borrowings

  

- Borrowings

  

- Debentures

  

- Other liabilities

  

- Other liabilities

  

Shareholders’ Equity

  

- Common stock

  

- Common stock

  

- Retained earnings

  

- Retained earnings

  

- Capital adjustments

  

- Accumulated other comprehensive incomes

In addition, a discontinued operation is separately presented in the income statements and extraordinary items are no longer reported separately. The Bank has reclassified the components of the income statements; such as, gains or losses relating to available-for-sale securities and sale of loans that were presented under non-operating revenue (expenses) are currently presented under operating revenue (expenses). The effect of the changes in the classification of the income statement for the six months ended June 30, 2007 is as follows (Unit: In millions):

 

Classification

   Before    After    Effect  

Operating Revenue

   (Won) 878,607    (Won) 934,737    (Won) 56,130  

Operating Expenses

     821,269      821,269      —    
                      

Operating Income

     57,338      113,468      56,130  

Non-operating Revenue

     59,524      3,394      (56,130 )

Non-operating Expenses

     635      635      —    
                      

Income before Income Tax

     116,227      116,227      —    

Income Tax Expense

     27,728      27,728      —    
                      

Net Income

   (Won) 88,499    (Won) 88,499    (Won) —    
                      

(*) Income from continuing operation was not separately presented as there was no gain (loss) from discontinued operation.

In addition, the Bank has reclassified the components of the cash flows; such as, changes in available-for-sale securities, held-to-maturity securities and loans that were presented under cash flows from investing activities are currently presented under cash flows from operating activities.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

With earlier adoption of amended SKAS No.2 (Interim Financial Reporting), the Bank presented the statements of cash flows and changes in shareholders’ equity for year-to-date period of the current fiscal year.

Earning Per Share

Earning per share is not computed because the capital of the Bank does not stem from stock issuance.

Reclassification

Certain accounts of the prior period were reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation for comparative purposes; however, reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported prior period net income or shareholders’ equity of the Bank.

3.    Due from Banks:

 

(1) Due from banks in local currency and foreign currencies as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Financial institution    Interest (%)    2007    2006

Local currency:

           

Due from BOK

   BOK       (Won) 13    (Won) 53

Current deposits

   KEB and others         1,160      937

Time deposits

   Woori Bank    5.00      2,000      2,000

Others

   SC First Bank and others    3.60~4.43      14,068      64,860
                   
           17,241      67,850
                   

Foreign currency:

           

Current deposits

   KEB         5,332      7,618

Time deposits

   KEB    5.36      37,072      37,184

Demand deposits

   Bank of New York and others    3.00~5.00      15,876      18,191

Off-shore due from banks on demand

   JP Morgan Chase Bank,
N.A., New York and others
        1,760      3,651
                   
           60,040      66,644
                   
         (Won) 77,281    (Won) 134,494
                   

 

(2) Restricted due from banks as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Financial institution    Interest (%)    2007    2006

Due from bank in local currency(*):

           

Time deposits

   Woori Bank    5.00    (Won) 2,000    (Won) 2,000

Others

   Industrial Bank of Korea    3.60      468      460
                   
         (Won) 2,468    (Won) 2,460
                   

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 


(*) The deposit in Won is the amount remaining after settling the principal of the Daewoo Poland FSO loan with the proceeds from the sale of the related collateral (shares of Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd). This deposit is restricted for the settlement of additional incidental costs (legal costs and others) arising from the aforementioned loan.

 

(3)   Due from banks by financial institution as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006
    

Local

currency

   Foreign
currencies
   Total   

Local

currency

   Foreign
currencies
   Total

Banks

   (Won) 17,241    (Won) 60,040    (Won) 77,281    (Won) 67,850    (Won) 66,625    (Won) 134,475

Others

     —        —        —        —        19      19
                                         
   (Won) 17,241    (Won) 60,040    (Won) 77,281    (Won) 67,850    (Won) 66,644    (Won) 134,494
                                         

 

(4) The maturities of due from banks as of June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Due in

3 months

or less

  

Due after

3 months to

6 months

  

Due after

6 months
to 1 year

   Total

Due from bank in local currency

   (Won) 15,241    (Won) —      (Won) 2,000    (Won) 17,241

Due from bank in foreign currencies

     22,968      —        37,072      60,040
                           
   (Won) 38,209    (Won) —      (Won) 39,072    (Won) 77,281
                           

4.    Securities:

 

(1)   Securities as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Available-for-sale securities:

     

Marketable equity securities

   (Won) 1,403,174    (Won) 1,349,646

Unlisted equity securities

     1,082,271      1,106,046

Equity investments

     1,276      1,276

Government and public bonds

     1      1

Securities in foreign currencies

     10,208      10,332
             
     2,496,930      2,467,301
             

Securities using the equity method

     92,244      90,556
             
   (Won) 2,589,174    (Won) 2,557,857
             

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(2)   Marketable equity securities as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

  

Book value

before

adjustment

  

Fair value

(Book value)

KEB

   40,314,387    6.25    (Won) 518,040    (Won) 554,323

Daewoo International Corporation(*1)

   10,996,400    11.58      369,006      404,261

SK Networks Co., Ltd.(*1)

   11,218,220    4.69      258,490      259,713

Industrial Bank of Korea

   8,501,153    2.10      145,795      160,247

Hyundai Corporation(*1)

   1,031,600    4.62      19,695      21,567

Hyundai IT Corporation(*1)

   2,337,955    9.06      4,660      2,928

DKME Co., Ltd.(*1)

   6,200    0.11      73      135
                   
         (Won) 1,315,759    (Won) 1,403,174
                   

(*1) The securities (except 260,820 shares of SK Networks Co., Ltd) were restricted to sale as of June 30, 2007.

For the six months ended June 30, 2007, 1,672,880 shares of common stock and 469,932 shares of callable preferred stock of SK Networks Co., Ltd. released from lock-up were disposed for (Won)85,157 million and its gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities amounting to (Won)55,555 million was recorded in operating revenues.

2006

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

  

Book value

before

adjustment

  

Fair value

(Book value)

KEB

   40,314,387    6.25    (Won) 568,433    (Won) 518,040

Daewoo International Corporation(*1)

   10,996,400    11.58      420,612      369,006

SK Networks Co., Ltd.(*1)

   12,891,100    5.39      131,206      297,037

Industrial Bank of Korea

   8,501,153    2.10      149,195      145,795

Hyundai Corporation(*1)

   1,031,600    4.62      18,940      19,695

DKME Co., Ltd.(*1)

   6,200    0.11      95      73
                   
         (Won) 1,288,481    (Won) 1,349,646
                   

(*1) The securities were restricted to sale as of December 31, 2006.

In 2006, 49,485,973 shares of 5 companies including 49,134,208 shares of KEB were disposed for (Won)443,737 million and its gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities amounting to (Won)184,369 million was recorded in non-operating income.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(3)   Unlisted equity securities as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

  

Book value

before

adjustment

  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Highway Corp.

   95,000,000    4.82    (Won) 950,000    (Won) 950,000

Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock)

   6,210,000    11.69      101,179      105,353

SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock)

   317,501    9.64      21,500      25,483

Korea Ship Finance

   254,000    14.99      1,270      1,270

Daewoo Electronics Corp.

   224,580    0.21      263      152

Others

   4,959    —        13      13
                   
         (Won) 1,074,225    (Won) 1,082,271
                   

As of June 30, 2007, the Bank valuated the shares of Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock), SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. at fair value based on the report of external evaluation agencies. The remaining shares were recorded at acquisition costs since the fair value was difficult to assess. The shares of SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. are restricted to sale as of June 30, 2007.

2006

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

  

Book value

before

adjustment

  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Highway Corp.

   95,000,000    5.20    (Won) 950,000    (Won) 950,000

Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock)

   6,210,000    11.69      103,539      101,179

SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock)

   787,433    9.64      49,465      53,321

Korea Ship Finance

   254,000    14.99      1,270      1,270

Daewoo Electronics Corp.

   224,580    0.21      791      263

Others

   4,959    —        4      13
                   
         (Won) 1,105,069    (Won) 1,106,046
                   

As of December 31, 2006, the Bank valuated the shares of Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock), SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. at fair value based on the report of external evaluation agencies. The remaining shares were recorded at acquisition costs since the fair value was difficult to assess. The shares of SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. are restricted to sale as of December 31, 2006.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4)   Equity investments as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    

Ownership

(%)

  

Book value

before

adjustment

  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Asset Management Corporation

   0.47    (Won) 1,220    (Won) 1,220

Korea Money Broker Corporation

   0.56      56      56
                
      (Won) 1,276    (Won) 1,276
                

2006

 

    

Ownership

(%)

  

Book value

before

adjustment

  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Asset Management Corporation

   0.47    (Won) 1,220    (Won) 1,220

Korea Money Broker Corporation

   0.56      56      56
                
      (Won) 1,276    (Won) 1,276
                

 

(5) Government and public bonds as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

     Acquisition cost    Fair value    Book value

Government and public bonds

   (Won) 1    (Won) 1    (Won) 1
                    

2006

        
     Acquisition cost    Fair value    Book value

Government and public bonds

   (Won) 1    (Won) 1    (Won) 1
                    

 

(6) Securities in foreign currencies as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006
     Acquisition cost    Book
value
   Acquisition cost    Book
value

Foreign securities

   (Won) 10,152    (Won) 10,208    (Won) 10,183    (Won) 10,332
                           

The acquisition cost of securities in foreign currencies as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were translated in these financial statements based on the basic rate ((Won)926.80 and (Won)929.60 to USD 1.00 at June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively). The book values of securities in

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

foreign currencies as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were assessed by applying base prices per bond announced on a recent trading day by securities valuation agencies or by using a rate of return presented by experienced bond dealers.

 

(7) Securities using the equity method as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

   

Balance

sheet date

 

Ownership

(%)

 

Acquisition

cost

 

Net asset

value

  Book
value

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

  2007.6.30   100.00   (Won) 37,106   (Won) 44,605   (Won) 44,605

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

  2007.6.30   100.00     12,048     7,033     7,033

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

  2007.6.30   85.00     4,513     11,688     11,510

KEXIM Asia Limited

  2007.6.30   100.00     27,804     29,096     29,096
                     
      (Won) 81,471   (Won) 92,422   (Won) 92,244
                     

As of June 30, 2007, (Won) 2,300 million of the valuation gain on securities using the equity method and (Won) 691 million of the loss on valuation of securities using the equity method was recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance, amounting to (Won) (178) million is the outstanding balance of negative goodwill as of June 30, 2007.

2006

 

   

Balance

sheet date

 

Ownership

(%)

 

Acquisition

cost

 

Net asset

value

  Book
value

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

  2006.12.31   100.00   (Won) 36,482   (Won) 43,029   (Won) 43,029

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

  2006.12.31   100.00     12,085     6,777     6,777

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

  2006.12.31   85.00     4,548     11,693     11,477

KEXIM Asia Limited

  2006.12.31   100.00     27,888     29,265     29,273
                     
      (Won) 81,003   (Won) 90,764   (Won) 90,556
                     

As of December 31, 2006, (Won)4,564 million of the valuation gain on securities using the equity method and (Won)3 million of the loss on valuation of securities using the equity method was recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance, amounting to (Won)(216) million is the outstanding balance of negative goodwill as of December 31, 2006. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of KEXIM Asia Limited amounted to (Won)8 million, which was unrealized gain from inter-company transactions as of December 31, 2006.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(8) Available-for-sale securities not recorded at fair value as of June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Book value    Reason

Unlisted equity securities

   (Won) 951,283    Difficulty in calculation of the fair value

Equity investment

     1,276    Difficulty in calculation of the fair value
         
   (Won) 952,559   
         

 

(9) The securities portfolio, by country, as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    

Available

-for-sale

securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Securities in local currency

           

Korea

   (Won) 2,486,722    (Won) —      (Won) 2,486,722    96.05
                         

Securities in foreign currencies

           

UK

     —        44,605      44,605    1.72

Hong Kong

     2,782      29,096      31,878    1.23

Indonesia

     —        11,510      11,510    0.44

Vietnam

     —        7,033      7,033    0.27

India

     4,644      —        4,644    0.18

Korea

     2,782      —        2,782    0.11
                         
     10,208      92,244      102,452    3.95
                         
   (Won) 2,496,930    (Won) 92,244    (Won) 2,589,174    100.00
                         

2006

           
    

Available

-for-sale

securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Securities in local currency

           

Korea

   (Won) 2,456,969    (Won) —      (Won) 2,456,969    96.06
                         

Securities in foreign currencies

           

UK

     —        43,029      43,029    1.68

Hong Kong

     2,811      29,273      32,084    1.26

Indonesia

     —        11,477      11,477    0.45

Vietnam

     —        6,777      6,777    0.26

India

     4,704      —        4,704    0.18

Korea

     2,817      —        2,817    0.11
                         
     10,332      90,556      100,888    3.94
                         
   (Won) 2,467,301    (Won) 90,556    (Won) 2,557,857    100.00
                         

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

 

(10) Securities as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were classified as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    

Available

-for-sale

securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Stock and equity investment

   (Won) 2,486,721    (Won) 92,244    (Won) 2,578,965    99.61

Fixed interest rate bonds

     10,209      —        10,209    0.39
                         
   (Won) 2,496,930    (Won) 92,244    (Won) 2,589,174    100.00
                         

2006

           
    

Available

-for-sale

securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Stock and equity investment

   (Won) 2,456,968    (Won) 90,556    (Won) 2,547,524    99.60

Fixed interest rate bonds

     10,333      —        10,333    0.40
                         
   (Won) 2,467,301    (Won) 90,556    (Won) 2,557,857    100.00
                         

 

(11) Term structure of debt securities among available-for-sale securities as of June 30, 2007 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Due in 1

year or
less

  

Due after 1

year to 5 years

   Total

Available-for-sale securities

   (Won) 10,208    (Won) 1    (Won) 10,209
                    

 

(12) Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Beginning

balance

   

Increase

(decrease)

   

Disposal

(Realization)

  

Ending

balance

 

Securities using the equity method

   (Won) (31 )   (Won) (691 )   (Won) —      (Won) (722 )
                               

Available-for-sale securities:

         

Equity securities

     612,252       69,209       29,548      651,913  

Debt securities

     386       (74 )     —        312  
                               
     612,638       69,135       29,548      652,225  
                               
   (Won) 612,607     (Won) 68,444     (Won) 29,548    (Won) 651,503  
                               

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

5.    Loans:

 

(1)   Loans as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Loans in local currency:

    

Loans for export

   (Won) 2,596,920     (Won) 2,101,265  

Loans for overseas investment

     65,171       64,266  

Loans for import

     730,090       700,011  

Others

     254,230       216,982  

Privately placed bonds

     1,251       1,801  

Debt for equity swap(*1)

     115       —    
                
     3,647,777       3,084,325  
                

Loans in foreign currencies:

    

Loans for export

     6,541,122       5,521,867  

Loans for overseas investment

     3,501,140       3,157,163  

Trading note rediscount loans

     956,378       776,828  

Loans for import

     841,349       599,988  

Overseas funding loans

     659,181       662,562  

Domestic usance bills

     88,567       108,720  

Privately placed bonds

     16,794       27,070  

Inter-bank loans

     19,959       41,091  

Others

     136       152  
                
     12,624,626       10,895,441  

Valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies(*2)

     (33,465 )     (8,314 )
                
     12,591,161       10,887,127  
                

Bills bought in local currency

     95,514       113,637  
                

Bills bought in foreign currencies

     664,689       616,029  
                

Advances for customers

     771       3,520  
                

Call loans:

    

Call loans in local currency

     —         160,000  

Call loans in foreign currencies

     346,366       177,554  
                
     346,366       337,554  
                

Allowance for loan losses

     (686,799 )     (643,400 )
                
   (Won) 16,659,479     (Won) 14,398,792  
                

(*1) Loans are expected to be swapped for equity based on the agreement of related parties. The loans are recognized at the lower of the book value of the loans or the fair value of the equities to be converted, and the difference in the values is recognized as allowances for loan losses.
(*2) Interest rate swap was contracted to hedge the changes in the fair value of loan commitment in foreign currencies resulting from the volatility in the interest rate. The loss on valuation of loan commitment, which was confirmed, was recognized as valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(2) Loans in local currency and foreign currencies, by customer, as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Total    Ratio (%)

Large corporations

   (Won) 2,522,635    (Won) 3,832,563    (Won) 6,355,198    39.06

Small and medium-sized company(*)

     1,125,142      784,353      1,909,495    11.73

Public and others

     —        8,007,710      8,007,710    49.21
                         
   (Won) 3,647,777    (Won) 12,624,626    (Won) 16,272,403    100.00
                         

2006

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Total    Ratio (%)

Large corporations

   (Won) 2,114,949    (Won) 3,561,675    (Won) 5,676,624    40.60

Small and medium-sized company(*)

     969,376      749,886      1,719,262    12.30

Public and others

     —        6,583,880      6,583,880    47.10
                         
   (Won) 3,084,325    (Won) 10,895,441    (Won) 13,979,766    100.00
                         

(*) Small and medium-sized company is described in Paragraph 1 of Article 2 of the Small and Medium-sized Company Law.

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

(3)   Loans, by industry, as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Others    Total    Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 3,066,384    (Won) 4,051,649    (Won) 409,160    (Won) 7,527,193    43.31

Transportation

     58,580      4,498,098      38,151      4,594,829    26.44

Finance and insurance

     1,251      2,197,238      600,127      2,798,616    16.10

Wholesale and retail

     273,889      363,689      47,388      684,966    3.94

Real estate, renting and the related business

     210,960      57,666      —        268,626    1.55

Construction

     —        45,691      —        45,691    0.26

Public and others

     36,713      1,410,595      12,514      1,459,822    8.40
                                
   (Won) 3,647,777    (Won) 12,624,626    (Won) 1,107,340    (Won) 17,379,743    100.00
                                

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

2006

 

   

Loans in

local currency

 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

  (Won) 2,671,405   (Won) 3,580,334   (Won) 338,190   (Won) 6,589,929   43.79

Transportation

    46,680     3,550,697     48,804     3,646,181   24.23

Finance and insurance

    1,801     2,005,727     286,072     2,293,600   15.24

Wholesale and retail

    263,568     388,569     39,321     691,458   4.59

Real estate, renting and the related business

    —       58,082     —       58,082   0.39

Construction

    70,486     122,750     —       193,236   1.28

Public and others

    30,385     1,189,282     358,353     1,578,020   10.48
                           
  (Won) 3,084,325   (Won) 10,895,441   (Won) 1,070,740   (Won) 15,050,506   100.00
                           

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4)   Loans, by country of borrower, as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

   

Loans in

local currency

 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Asia:

         

Korea

  (Won) 3,647,777   (Won) 3,530,234   (Won) 501,677   (Won) 7,679,688   44.19

Iran

    —       869,943     145,237     1,015,180   5.84

China

    —       611,742     149,691     761,433   4.38

Indonesia

    —       514,199     —       514,199   2.96

Singapore

    —       388,125     20,584     408,709   2.35

India

    —       393,448     344     393,792   2.27

Saudi Arabia

    —       250,488     3,751     254,239   1.46

Others

    —       728,680     157,023     885,703   5.10
                           
    3,647,777     7,286,859     978,307     11,912,943   68.55
                           

Europe:

         

Netherlands

    —       330,739     —       330,739   1.90

France

    —       320,802     278     321,080   1.85

Belgium

    —       320,036     943     320,979   1.85

Russia

    —       292,835     2,171     295,006   1.70

Others

    —       1,460,877     90,081     1,550,958   8.92
                           
    —       2,725,289     93,473     2,818,762   16.22
                           

America:

         

USA

    —       325,042     32,681     357,723   2.06

Mexico

    —       130,238     —       130,238   0.75

Brazil

    —       92,247     —       92,247   0.53

Others

    —       912,944     63     913,007   5.25
                           
    —       1,460,471     32,744     1,493,215   8.59
                           

Africa:

         

South Africa

    —       3,707     1,924     5,631   0.03

Others

    —       414,884     59     414,943   2.39
                           
    —       418,591     1,983     420,574   2.42
                           

Oceania:

         

Australia and others

    —       733,416     833     734,249   4.22
                           
  (Won) 3,647,777   (Won) 12,624,626   (Won) 1,107,340   (Won) 17,379,743   100.00
                           

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

2006

 

   

Loans in

local currency

 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Asia:

         

Korea

  (Won) 3,084,325   (Won) 3,218,125   (Won) 528,074   (Won) 6,830,524   45.38

Iran

    —       824,278     180,702     1,004,980   6.68

China

    —       659,177     133,591     792,768   5.27

Indonesia

    —       500,603     85     500,688   3.33

India

    —       326,536     1,259     327,795   2.18

Vietnam

    —       162,517     10,504     173,021   1.15

Qatar

    —       95,005     —       95,005   0.63

Others

    —       378,672     73,659     452,331   3.00
                           
    3,084,325     6,164,913     927,874     10,177,112   67.62
                           

Europe:

         

France

    —       334,745     36     334,781   2.23

Russia

    —       323,694     6,140     329,834   2.19

Netherlands

    —       302,338     —       302,338   2.01

Belgium

    —       262,712     510     263,222   1.75

Others

    —       1,365,142     95,135     1,460,277   9.70
                           
    —       2,588,631     101,821     2,690,452   17.88
                           

America:

         

USA

    —       346,195     33,947     380,142   2.52

Mexico

    —       163,608     —       163,608   1.09

Brazil

    —       86,669     —       86,669   0.57

Others

    —       735,895     3,956     739,851   4.92
                           
    —       1,332,367     37,903     1,370,270   9.10
                           

Africa:

         

Liberia

    —       330,168     350     330,518   2.20

South Africa

    —       3,718     1,512     5,230   0.03
                           
    —       333,886     1,862     335,748   2.23
                           

Oceania:

         

Australia and others

    —       475,644     1,280     476,924   3.17
                           
  (Won) 3,084,325   (Won) 10,895,441   (Won) 1,070,740   (Won) 15,050,506   100.00
                           

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(5)   The loans that were restructured due to court receiverships and compositions as of June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Company

   Amount    Allowances

Court receiverships and composition

  

Choongnam Spinning Co., Ltd. and 4 other companies

   (Won) 5,769    (Won) 3,425

Individual agreements

  

Financial loan to Russia and 3 other companies

     237,431      36,604
                
      (Won) 243,200    (Won) 40,029
                

 

(6) Changes in the present value discounts relating to the restructured loans for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Discount

rate (%)

  

Term

(year)

  

Beginning

balance

   Increase    Decrease   

Ending

balance

Court receiverships and composition

   1.30~4.99    2~10    (Won) 657    (Won) 1,071    (Won) 158    (Won) 1,570

Individual agreements(*1)

   4.24~5.30    6~18      43,181      —        3,593      39,588
                                 
         (Won) 43,838    (Won) 1,071    (Won) 3,751    (Won) 41,158
                                 

(*1) The overdue financial loans to Russia amount to USD 422 million (the principal and interest amounting to USD 262 million and USD 160 million, respectively). In accordance with the bilateral agreement between the Government and Russia, the Bank restructured the remaining loan balances of USD 299 million after exempting the interest of the relevant loans amounting to USD 123 million. As of June 30, 2007, the amounts of restructured financial loans to Russia and their present value discounts are (Won)182,299 million and (Won)32,871 million, respectively.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(7)   Term structure of loans as of June 30, 2007 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

   

Loans in

local currency

 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Due in 3 months or less

  (Won) 644,492   (Won) 1,707,688   (Won) 870,480   (Won) 3,222,660   18.54

Due after 3 months to 6 months

    1,025,159     1,034,047     112,372     2,171,578   12.49

Due after 6 months to 1 year

    1,594,434     886,504     29,965     2,510,903   14.45

Due after 1 year to 2 years

    100,768     506,355     26,332     633,455   3.64

Due after 2 years to 3 years

    11,886     906,771     7,022     925,679   5.33

Due after 3 years to 4 years

    7,300     491,471     —       498,771   2.87

Due after 4 years to 5 years

    49,248     589,177     9,425     647,850   3.73

Due after 5 years

    214,490     6,502,613     51,744     6,768,847   38.95
                           
  (Won) 3,647,777   (Won) 12,624,626   (Won) 1,107,340   (Won) 17,379,743   100.00
                           

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

6.    Allowances for Loan Losses:

 

(1)   The allowances for loan losses as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Loans in local currency

   (Won) 92,426    (Won) 87,506

Loans in foreign currencies

     552,119      504,808

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

     42,247      50,621

Advances for customers

     7      465
             
   (Won) 686,799    (Won) 643,400
             

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(2) As of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, loan balances and allowances for loan losses by credit risk classification were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    Loan balance classification
    Normal   Pre-
cautionary
  Substandard   Doubtful   Estimated
loss
  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 3,579,574   (Won) 13,001   (Won) 44,343   (Won) 5,570   (Won) 5,289   (Won) 3,647,777

Loans in foreign currencies

    12,332,508     243,128     13,289     6,773     8,969     12,604,667

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    653,770     102,634     440     3,359     —       760,203

Advances for customers

    771     —       —       —       —       771
                                   
  (Won) 16,566,623   (Won) 358,763   (Won) 58,072   (Won) 15,702   (Won) 14,258   (Won) 17,013,418
                                   

The present value discounts were not reflected to the amount of loans stated above. Inter-bank loans of (Won)19,959 million and call loans of (Won)346,366 million were excluded because these were classified as normal. The valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies of (Won)(33,465) million was also excluded.

 

    Allowance for loan losses classification
    Normal   Pre-
cautionary
  Substandard   Doubtful   Estimated
loss
  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 60,107   (Won) 2,562   (Won) 19,200   (Won) 5,268   (Won) 5,289   (Won) 92,426

Loans in foreign currencies

    459,032     71,685     6,011     6,422     8,969     552,119

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    16,104     22,732     190     3,221     —       42,247

Advances for customers

    7     —       —       —       —       7
                                   
  (Won) 535,250   (Won) 96,979   (Won) 25,401   (Won) 14,911   (Won) 14,258   (Won) 686,799
                                   

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

2006

 

    Loan balance classification
    Normal   Pre-
cautionary
  Substandard   Doubtful   Estimated
loss
  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 2,834,348   (Won) 241,792   (Won) —     (Won) 3,732   (Won) 4,453   (Won) 3,084,325

Loans in foreign currencies

    10,597,422     235,979     3,716     8,606     8,627     10,854,350

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    649,252     60,104     11,163     9,147     —       729,666

Advances for customers

    773     2,747     —       —       —       3,520
                                   
  (Won) 14,081,795   (Won) 540,622   (Won) 14,879   (Won) 21,485   (Won) 13,080   (Won) 14,671,861
                                   

The present value discounts were not reflected to the amount of loans stated above. Inter-bank loans of (Won)41,091 million and call loans of (Won)337,554 million were excluded because these were classified as normal. The valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies of (Won)(8,314) million was also excluded.

 

    Allowance for loan losses classification
    Normal   Pre-
cautionary
  Substandard   Doubtful   Estimated
loss
  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 42,366   (Won) 37,156   (Won) —     (Won) 3,531   (Won) 4,453   (Won) 87,506

Loans in foreign currencies

    414,390     71,948     1,645     8,198     8,627     504,808

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    20,812     16,350     4,834     8,625     —       50,621

Advances for customers

    5     460     —       —       —       465
                                   
  (Won) 477,573   (Won) 125,914   (Won) 6,479   (Won) 20,354   (Won) 13,080   (Won) 643,400
                                   

 

(3) Changes in allowances for loan losses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Beginning balance

   (Won) 643,400     (Won) 570,161  

Provision for possible loan losses

     48,730       123,430  

Write-off

     —         (4,699 )

Debt for equity swap

     (1,668 )     (485 )

Decrease in present value discounts

     (2,680 )     (9,631 )

Changes in exchange rates and others(*)

     (983 )     (35,376 )
                

Ending balance

   (Won) 686,799     (Won) 643,400  
                

(*) Changes in exchange rates and others were mainly derived from the movements in foreign currency translation on allowances for loan losses and recovery of written-off loans.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4) Percentage of the allowance for loan losses to loans subject to allowance for loan losses as of June 30, 2007 and for the previous 2 years were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007.6.30    2006.12.31    2005.12.31

Loans subject to allowance for possible loan losses

   (Won) 17,013,418    (Won) 14,671,861    (Won) 11,837,894

Allowances for loan losses

     686,799      643,400      570,161
                    

Percentage (%)

     4.04      4.39      4.82
                    

7.    Tangible Assets:

 

(1)   Tangible assets and the related accumulated depreciation as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006
     Acquisition
cost
   Accumulated
depreciation
   Book
value
   Acquisition
cost
   Accumulated
depreciation
   Book
value

Land

   (Won) 4,484    (Won) —      (Won) 4,484    (Won) 4,484    (Won) —      (Won) 4,484

Buildings

     43,633      13,546      30,087      43,633      12,800      30,833

Vehicles

     1,730      1,324      406      1,689      1,274      415

Equipments

     14,120      11,385      2,735      13,868      10,590      3,278
                                         
   (Won) 63,967    (Won) 26,255    (Won) 37,712    (Won) 63,674    (Won) 24,664    (Won) 39,010
                                         

 

(2) The published value of land was (Won)94,674 million and (Won)81,246 million as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively, based on the Laws on Disclosure of Land Price and Valuation of Land.

 

(3)   Changes in book value of tangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Beginning

balance

   Acquisition    Disposal    Depreciation   

Ending

balance

Land

   (Won) 4,484    (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) 4,484

Buildings

     30,833      —        —        746      30,087

Vehicles

     415      126      2      133      406

Equipments

     3,278      303      1      845      2,735
                                  
   (Won) 39,010    (Won) 429    (Won) 3    (Won) 1,724    (Won) 37,712
                                  

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4) Tangible assets, which have been insured as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

          2007    2006
     Insurance company    Book
value
   Insured
amount
   Book
value
   Insured
amount

Buildings

   LIG Insurance Co., Ltd. and
    others
   (Won) 30,087    (Won) 27,489    (Won) 30,833    (Won) 27,489

Equipments

   LIG Insurance Co., Ltd. and
    others
     2,735      3,103      3,278      2,866
                              
      (Won) 32,822    (Won) 30,592    (Won) 34,111    (Won) 30,355
                              

In addition to the above, the Company carries manufacturing liability insurance ((Won)80 million coverage per accidental death and maximum coverage of (Won)300 million per accident), gas liability insurance and comprehensive auto insurance.

8.    Other Assets:

 

(1) Other assets as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Guarantee deposits

   (Won) 21,772    (Won) 20,212

Accounts receivable

     47      47

Accrued income

     240,100      188,487

Prepaid expenses

     20,500      34,604

Advance payments

     4      —  

Financial derivative assets (Note 14)

     166,117      55,652

Intangible assets

     3,751      4,380

Sundry assets

     15,830      14,938
             
   (Won) 468,121    (Won) 318,320
             

 

(2) Intangible assets as of June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Book
value

Acquisition cost

   (Won) 10,525

Accumulated amortization

     6,774
      
   (Won) 3,751
      

 

(3) Changes in intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Book value

Beginning balance

   (Won) 4,380

Increase

     361

Amortization

     990
      

Ending balance

   (Won) 3,751
      

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4) Sundry assets as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Other loans

   (Won) 8,405    (Won) 8,557

Other suspense payments

     1,274      1,002

Suspense payments on credit

     5      5

Others

     6,146      5,374
             
   (Won) 15,830    (Won) 14,938
             

9.    Borrowings:

 

(1) Borrowings as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    Financial institution   Interest rate (%)   2007     2006  

Call money:

       

Local currency

  Woori CSAM and others   4.42~4.44   (Won) 40,000     (Won) 300,000  

Foreign currencies

  Sumitomo Mitsui Bank   Libor + 0.74     122,591       219,260  
                   
        162,591       519,260  
                   

Borrowings in foreign currencies:

       

Borrowings from banks

  Sumitomo Mitsui Bank   Libor + 0.77     3,762       224,034  

CP

  UBS AG and others   0.80~5.85     1,245,644       902,130  

Off-shore borrowings

  Bank of China and others   2.88~5.45     —         32,751  

Other borrowings

  Overseas banks   0.08~0.80     88,567       108,720  
                   
        1,337,973       1,267,635  
                   

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items (current year portion)

    —         (667 )

Loss on valuation of fair value hedged items (prior year portion)

    —         748  
                   
        1,337,973       1,267,716  
                   

Debentures:

       

Local currency:

       

Fixed rate debentures in local currency

  4.63~5.44     1,230,000       680,000  

Discount on debentures

      (36,674 )     (14,827 )
                   
        1,193,326       665,173  
                   

Foreign currencies:

       

Floating rates debentures in foreign currencies

  Libor3M+0.04
and others
    2,861,432       6,095,087  

Fixed rates debentures in foreign currencies

  1.84~12.61     8,281,290       3,372,732  
                   
        11,142,722       9,467,819  
                   

Gain (Loss) on valuation of fair value hedged items (current year portion)

    (33,827 )     11,527  

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items (prior year portion)

    (70,466 )     (84,040 )
                   
        11,038,429       9,935,306  
                   

Premiums on debentures

    406       939  

Discounts on debentures

    (49,820 )     (49,657 )
                   
        10,989,015       9,346,588  
                   
        12,182,341       10,011,761  
                   
      (Won) 13,682,905     (Won) 11,798,737  
                   

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(2) Call money and borrowings in foreign currencies from financial institutions as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006
     Call money    Borrowings in
foreign
currencies
   Total    Call money    Borrowings in
foreign
currencies
   Total

Banks

   (Won) 162,591    (Won) 1,249,406    (Won) 1,411,997    (Won) 519,260    (Won) 1,158,915    (Won) 1,678,175

Others

     —        88,567      88,567      —        108,720      108,720
                                         
   (Won) 162,591    (Won) 1,337,973    (Won) 1,500,564    (Won) 519,260    (Won) 1,267,635    (Won) 1,786,895
                                         

 

(3)   Term structure of borrowings as of June 30, 2007 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Due in

3 months
or less

  

Due after

3 months to

6 months

  

Due after

6 months to

1 year

  

Due after

1 year to

3 years

  

Due after

3 years

   Total

Call money in local currency

   (Won) 40,000    (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) 40,000

Call money in foreign currencies

     122,591      —        —        —        —        122,591

Borrowings in foreign currencies

     1,176,227      119,500      42,246      —        —        1,337,973

Debentures in local currency

     —        230,000      790,000      210,000      —        1,230,000

Debentures in foreign currencies

     473,728      1,038,016      774,533      3,574,837      5,281,608      11,142,722
                                         
   (Won) 1,812,546    (Won) 1,387,516    (Won) 1,606,779    (Won) 3,784,837    (Won) 5,281,608    (Won) 13,873,286
                                         

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

10.    Other Liabilities:

 

(1)   Other liabilities as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Accrued severance benefits (Notes 2 and 12)

   (Won) 27,692     (Won) 27,509  

Less: Transfer to National Pension (Note 12)

     (9 )     (10 )

Allowance for possible losses on acceptances and guarantees (Note 11)

     336,481       253,543  

Allowance for unused credit line of loan commitments (Note 11)

     28,246       25,814  

Foreign exchange settlement account-credit

     194,497       15,130  

Accounts payable

     6,724       4,706  

Accrued expenses

     297,756       205,649  

Deferred income tax liabilities (Note 18)

     84,674       77,295  

Unearned revenues

     148,407       150,834  

Guarantees deposits received

     133       100  

Financial derivatives liabilities (Note 14)

     104,469       87,468  

Sundry liabilities

     49,294       41,764  
                
   (Won) 1,278,364     (Won) 889,802  
                

 

(2)   Sundry liabilities as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Suspense receipts

   (Won) 48,109    (Won) 39,194

Taxes withheld

     1,146      2,504

Others

     39      66
             
   (Won) 49,294    (Won) 41,764
             

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

11.    Acceptances and Guarantees and Allowance for Possible Losses:

 

(1) Acceptances and guarantees as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Confirmed acceptances and guarantees:

     

Local currency:

     

Guarantees for performance of contracts

   (Won) 19,965    (Won) 24,432

Guarantees for repayment of advances

     31,459      40,625

Others

     58,634      1,264
             
     110,058      66,321
             

Foreign currencies:

     

Guarantees for performance of contracts

     2,395,346      2,179,230

Guarantees for repayment of advances

     22,032,499      18,957,040

Acceptances for letters of guarantee for importers letter

     11,844      6,161

Acceptances on import credit memorandum

     26,517      75,097

Others

     1,114,866      1,029,793
             
     25,581,072      22,247,321
             
     25,691,130      22,313,642
             

Unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees:

     

Letters of credit

     124,455      123,688

Others

     27,101,236      23,270,464
             
     27,225,691      23,394,152
             
   (Won) 52,916,821    (Won) 45,707,794
             

 

(2) Confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees by classification and allowances for possible losses on confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006
    

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Allowance    Ratio (%)   

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Allowance    Ratio (%)

Confirmed acceptances and guarantees:

                 

Normal

   (Won) 25,688,976    (Won) 212,294    0.83    (Won) 22,311,455    (Won) 168,821    0.76

Precautionary

     2,154      168    7.78      2,187      172    7.86
                                     
     25,691,130      212,462    0.83      22,313,642      168,993    0.76
                                     

Unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees(*):

                 

Normal

     27,225,662      124,016    0.46      23,394,094      84,545    0.36

Precautionary

     29      3    10.34      58      5    8.62
                                     
     27,225,691      124,019    0.46      23,394,152      84,550    0.36
                                     
   (Won) 52,916,821    (Won) 336,481    0.64    (Won) 45,707,794    (Won) 253,543    0.55
                                     

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 


(*)   In 2005, the Bank started to provide allowance for possible losses on unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees at the same rate of allowance for loan losses applicable to the related borrowers, also considering the credit adjustment rates to off-balance sheet items announced by FSS (See Note 2).

 

(3) Changes in allowances for possible losses on confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Beginning balance

   (Won) 253,543     (Won) 227,670  

Provision of allowance for possible losses

     84,025       45,026  

Changes in foreign exchange rates and others

     (1,087 )     (19,153 )
                

Ending balance

   (Won) 336,481     (Won) 253,543  
                

 

(4) Acceptances and guarantees, by industry, as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

     Confirmed    Unconfirmed    Total
    

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 23,415,896    91.14    (Won) 27,054,509    99.37    (Won) 50,470,405    95.38

Construction

     1,540,525    6.00      27,444    0.10      1,567,969    2.96

Finance and insurance

     490,745    1.91      11,452    0.04      502,197    0.95

Wholesale and retail

     128,950    0.50      39,771    0.15      168,721    0.32

Services

     18,157    0.07      18,577    0.07      36,734    0.07

Others

     96,857    0.38      73,938    0.27      170,795    0.32
                                   
   (Won) 25,691,130    100.00    (Won) 27,225,691    100.00    (Won) 52,916,821    100.00
                                   

2006

 

     Confirmed    Unconfirmed    Total
    

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances
and

guarantees

   Ratio
(%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 20,248,696    90.75    (Won) 23,212,911    99.23    (Won) 43,461,607    95.09

Construction

     1,454,143    6.51      20,973    0.09      1,475,116    3.23

Finance and insurance

     365,404    1.64      36,946    0.16      402,350    0.88

Wholesale and retail

     128,576    0.58      17,107    0.07      145,683    0.32

Services

     33,525    0.15      18,011    0.07      51,536    0.11

Others

     83,298    0.37      88,204    0.38      171,502    0.37
                                   
   (Won) 22,313,642    100.00    (Won) 23,394,152    100.00    (Won) 45,707,794    100.00
                                   

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(5) Acceptances and guarantees, by country of borrower, as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    Confirmed   Unconfirmed   Total
   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)

Asia:

           

Korea

  (Won) 25,072,000   97.59   (Won) 27,141,868   99.69   (Won) 52,213,868   98.67

India

    91,789   0.36     72,372   0.27     164,161   0.31

Hong Kong

    55,608   0.21     —     —       55,608   0.11

Iran

    38,041   0.15     126   0.00     38,167   0.07

Japan

    18,265   0.07     —     —       18,265   0.03

Vietnam

    —     —       316   0.00     316   0.00
                             
    25,275,703   98.38     27,214,682   99.96     52,490,385   99.19
                             

America:

           

USA

    178,531   0.69     3,102   0.01     181,633   0.34

Mexico

    35,270   0.14     —     —       35,270   0.07

Dominican Rep.

    1,326   0.01     —     —       1,326   0.00
                             
    215,127   0.84     3,102   0.01     218,229   0.41
                             

Europe:

           

UK

    124,589   0.49     1,360   0.01     125,949   0.24

France

    75,711   0.29     6,547   0.02     82,258   0.16
                             
    200,300   0.78     7,907   0.03     208,207   0.40
                             
  (Won) 25,691,130   100.00   (Won) 27,225,691   100.00   (Won) 52,916,821   100.00
                             

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

2006

 

    Confirmed   Unconfirmed   Total
   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)

Asia:

           

Korea

  (Won) 21,790,047   97.66   (Won) 23,269,002   99.47   (Won) 45,059,049   98.58

India

    76,453   0.34     88,204   0.38     164,657   0.36

Iran

    40,881   0.18     126   0.00     41,007   0.09

Japan

    19,776   0.09     —     —       19,776   0.04

Vietnam

    —     —       397   0.00     397   0.00
                             
    21,927,157   98.27     23,357,729   99.85     45,284,886   99.07
                             

America:

           

USA

    127,960   0.58     3,112   0.01     131,072   0.29

Mexico

    58,665   0.26     —     —       58,665   0.13

Dominican Rep.

    2,660   0.01     —     —       2,660   0.01
                             
    189,285   0.85     3,112   0.01     192,397   0.43
                             

Europe:

           

UK

    126,227   0.56     1,364   0.01     127,591   0.28

France

    50,559   0.23     31,947   0.13     82,506   0.18

Poland

    20,414   0.09     —     —       20,414   0.04
                             
    197,200   0.88     33,311   0.14     230,511   0.50
                             
  (Won) 22,313,642   100.00   (Won) 23,394,152   100.00   (Won) 45,707,794   100.00
                             

 

(6)   Percentages of allowances for possible losses to acceptances and guarantees subject to allowances for possible losses as of June 30, 2007 and for the previous 2 years were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007.6.30    2006.12.31    2005.12.31

Acceptances and guarantees subject to allowances for possible losses

   (Won) 52,916,821    (Won) 45,707,794    (Won) 36,538,422

Allowances

     336,481      253,543      227,670
                    

Percentage (%)

     0.64      0.55      0.62
                    

 

(7)   Unused credit line of loan commitments and allowances for on credit line of loan commitments as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Unused credit line of loan commitments

   (Won) 6,315,115    (Won) 6,827,643

Allowances

     28,246      25,814
             

Percentage (%)

     0.45      0.38
             

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

The Bank started to apply the rate of allowances for possible losses on loans, which is classified as normal and of which maturity is less than 1 year to unused credit line of loan commitments pursuant to the guideline of allowances for possible losses to off-balance sheets items in 2005. The allowances for possible losses were recognized considering the credit adjustment rates to off-balance sheet items announced by the FSS and recorded as allowance for unused credit line of loan commitments.

 

(8)   Changes in allowances for on credit line of loan commitments for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Beginning balance

   (Won) 25,814     (Won) 27,597  

Provision for allowance

     2,519       256  

Changes in exchange rates and others

     (87 )     (2,039 )
                

Ending balance

   (Won) 28,246     (Won) 25,814  
                

12.    Accrued Severance Benefits:

Changes in accrued severance benefits for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

2007

 

    

Beginning

balance

    Provision    Payment    

Ending

balance

 

Accrued severance benefits

   (Won) 27,509     (Won) 1,907    (Won) 1,724     (Won) 27,692  

National Pension

     (10 )     —        (1 )     (9 )
                               
   (Won) 27,499     (Won) 1,907    (Won) 1,723     (Won) 27,683  
                               

2006

 

    

Beginning

balance

    Provision    Payment   

Ending

balance

 

Accrued severance benefits

   (Won) 22,950     (Won) 6,337    (Won) 1,778    (Won) 27,509  

National Pension

     (10 )     —        —        (10 )
                              
   (Won) 22,940     (Won) 6,337    (Won) 1,778    (Won) 27,499  
                              

13.    Shareholders’ Equity:

 

(1) Capital stock

The authorized capital stock of the Bank as of June 30, 2007 was (Won)4,000,000 million and the capital stock amounted to (Won)3,305,755 million and (Won)3,305,755 million as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. The Bank increased its capital stock by (Won)10,000 million from the Government on July 3, 2006. The Bank does not issue share certificates.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(2) Retained earnings

1) Legal reserve

In accordance with the EXIM Bank Act, the Bank reserves 20 percent of unappropriated retained earnings as the legal reserve, until the accumulated reserve equals to its capital stock.

2) Voluntary reserve

The Bank appropriates the remaining balance, net of legal reserve and dividend payments, to voluntary reserve.

14.    Contingencies and Commitments:

 

(1)   Other commitments as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007    2006

Unused credit line of loan commitments

   (Won) 6,315,115    (Won) 6,827,643

Written-off loans

     135,029      136,002
             
   (Won) 6,450,144    (Won) 6,963,645
             

 

(2) Pending litigations.

Ten lawsuits were filed by the Bank with aggregate claims of (Won)195,000 million and 2 lawsuits were filed against the Bank involving aggregate damages of (Won)200 million; they are all pending as of June 30, 2007.

The management of the Bank believes that the ultimate liability from the lawsuits, if any, will not materially affect the financial position of the Bank.

The aforementioned pending litigations (the first trial is currently underway) have been filed by Jaesoon, Park claiming revocation of provisional attachment relating to the debt guarantees of Chungnam Spinning Co., Ltd. and by Kibo Technology Fund claiming action of cancellation of creditors on obliteration of mortgage.

 

(3) Sales of the shares of Korea Exchange Bank (“KEB”).

The Bank sold 30,865,792 shares of Korea Exchange Bank (“KEB”) to LSF-KEB Holdings, SCA (“LSF”) on October 30, 2003 at (Won)5,400 per share. LSF exercised its call option, which was issued by the Bank in relation to the aforementioned sales transaction, and additionally purchased 49,134,208 shares of KEB at (Won)8,487.50 per share in the current fiscal year (refer to Note 4 (2) to the financial statements).

In addition to the above, if certain conditions in the mutual agreement between the Bank and LSF are met when LSF sells its KEB shares; then, the Bank has the right to ask LSF to sell the remaining shares of KEB for the same conditions and LSF also has the right to ask the Bank to sell the remaining shares (when LSF sells theirs) for the same conditions.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4) Details of transactions of derivatives instruments were as follows as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and the year ended December 31, 2006 (Won in millions):

2007

 

     Outstanding contract amount   

Gain (loss) on valuation (S/I)

   

Gain (loss)
on

Valuation
(B/S)

 
     Total    Hedging
Purpose
   Hedge
Accounting
   Total     Hedging
Purpose
   

Hedge

Accounting

   

Currency forwards

   (Won) 327,340    (Won) 327,340    (Won) —      (Won)

 

653

(1,604

 

)

  (Won)

 

653

(1,604

 

)

  (Won)

 

—  

—  

 

 

  (Won)

 

653

(1,604

 

)

Currency swaps

     3,802,090      2,040,077      1,762,013     

 

98,614

(20,095

 

)

   

 

45,404

(2,141

 

)

   

 

53,210

(17,954

 

)

   

 

116,188

(19,306

 

)

Interest rate swaps

     6,045,512      790,282      5,255,230     

 

54,650

(25,831

 

)

   

 

5,745

(391

 

)

   

 

48,905

(25,440

 

)

   

 

47,314

(83,559

 

)

Stock option

     7,500      7,500      —        252       252       —         1,962  
                                                     
   (Won) 10,182,442    (Won) 3,165,199    (Won) 7,017,243    (Won)

 

154,169

(47,530

 

)

  (Won)

 

52,054

(4,136

 

)

  (Won)

 

102,115

(43,394

 

)

  (Won)

 

166,117

(104,469

 

)

                                                     

2006

 

     Outstanding contract amount    Gain (loss) on valuation (S/I)    

Gain (loss)
on

Valuation
(B/S)

 
     Total    Hedging
Purpose
  

Hedge

Accounting

   Total     Hedging
Purpose
   

Hedge

Accounting

   

Currency forwards

   (Won) 501,498    (Won) 501,498    (Won) —      (Won)

 

1,304

(2,102

 

)

  (Won)

 

1,304

(2,102

 

)

  (Won)

 

—  

—  

 

 

  (Won)

 

1,304

(2,102

 

)

Currency swaps

     1,533,542      1,510,087      23,455     

 

67,436

(1,820

 

)

   

 

67,436

(971

 

)

   

 

—  

(849

 

)

   

 

36,074

(1,511

 

)

Interest rate swaps

     5,451,828      737,619      4,714,209     

 

26,636

(12,697

 

)

   

 

2,350

(1,472

 

)

   

 

24,286

(11,225

 

)

   

 

16,564

(83,855

 

)

Stock option

     7,500      7,500      —        1,710       1,710       —         1,710  
                                                     
   (Won) 7,494,368    (Won) 2,756,704    (Won) 4,737,664    (Won)

 

97,086

(16,619

 

)

  (Won)

 

72,800

(4,545

 

)

  (Won)

 

24,286

(12,074

 

)

  (Won)

 

55,652

(87,468

 

)

                                                     

The Bank holds derivative instruments for its trading activities and hedging activities, to manage the interest rate risk and foreign currencies exchange risk derived from loans, debentures and borrowings. Outstanding contractual amount and gain (loss) on valuation relating to hedge accounting resulted from derivative instruments accounted for using hedge accounting methods pursuant to the Interpretations on Financial Accounting Standards 53-70.

Hedged items consist of loans and debentures to which fair value hedge accounting is applied. Loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk amounting to (Won)24,963 million for loans and gain amounting to (Won)33,827 million for debentures have been recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2007.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

15.    Interest Income and Interest Expenses:

The average balance of the interest bearing assets and liabilities, and the related interest income and expenses as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2007 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007
     Average
balance
   Interest
incomes/expenses

Interest income bearing assets

     

Loans

   (Won) 16,486,121    (Won) 461,939

Due from banks

     77,259      3,693

Securities

     10,388      378
             
   (Won) 16,573,768    (Won) 466,010
             

Interest expense bearing liabilities

     

Borrowings

   (Won) 1,946,636    (Won) 42,401

Debentures

     11,109,294      284,083
             
   (Won) 13,055,930    (Won) 326,484
             

Loans included call loans and borrowings included call money.

16.    General and Administrative Expenses:

General and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007

Financial management expenses:

  

Salaries and wages

   (Won) 27,042

Others

     13,640
      
     40,682
      

Economic cooperation management expenses

     414
      

Other general and administrative expenses:

  

Severance benefits (Note 12)

     1,907

Depreciation (Note 7)

     1,724

Amortization expense of intangible assets (Note 8)

     990

Taxes and dues

     183

Fund contributions

     3,623
      
     8,427
      
   (Won) 49,523
      

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

17.    Non-operating Income and Expenses:

Non-operating income and expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007

Non-operating income:

  

Gain on disposal of tangible assets

   (Won) 657

Rental income

     10

Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method (Note 4)

     2,300

Others

     427
      
   (Won) 3,394
      

Non-operating expenses:

  

Loss on disposal of tangible assets

   (Won) 1

Others

     634
      
   (Won) 635
      

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

18.    Income Tax Expense:

 

(1)   The differences between net income before income tax and taxable income pursuant to Korean Corporate Income Tax Law for the six months June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Amount  

I. Net income before income tax

   (Won) 116,227  

II. Non temporary differences:

  

(1) Entertainment expenses

     2  

(2) Undesignated donations

     38  

(3) Interest paid

     157  

(4) Sundry profits

     (150 )

(5) Dividend earned

     (15,203 )
        
     (15,156 )
        

III. Temporary differences:

  

1. Additions:

  

(1) Loss (gain) on fair value hedges

     64,118  

(2) Gain on valuation of derivative instruments (prior period)

     43,119  

(3) Loss on valuation of derivative instruments (current period)

     83,559  

(4) Allowance for loan losses (current period)

     306,197  

(5) Allowance for possible losses of confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees (current period)

     336,481  

(6) Unused credit line of loan commitments (current period)

     28,246  

(7) Allowance for severance benefits

     1,475  

(8) Depreciation

     753  

(9) Debt-to-equity swap

     1,668  

(10) Others

     8,624  
        
     874,240  
        

2. Deductions:

  

(1) Gain (loss) on fair value hedges

     70,828  

(2) Loss on valuation of derivative instruments (prior period)

     86,751  

(3) Gain on valuation of derivative instruments (current period)

     62,756  

(4) Allowance for loan losses (prior period)

     308,016  

(5) Allowance for possible losses of confirmed acceptances and guarantees (prior period)

     253,543  

(6) Unused credit line of loan commitments (prior period)

     25,814  

(7) Depreciation

     186  

(8) Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method

     2,300  

(9) Debt-to-equity swap

     25,972  

(10) Others

     12,087  
        
     848,253  
        

IV. Taxable income

   (Won) 127,058  
        

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(2)   Changes in accumulated temporary difference for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Beginning(*)     Decrease     Increase     Ending  

Loss (gain) on fair value hedges

   (Won) (64,118 )   (Won) (64,118 )   (Won) (70,828 )   (Won) (70,828 )

Depreciation

     2,162       186       753       2,729  

Allowance for severance benefits

     16,259       —         1,475       17,734  

Allowance for loan losses

     308,016       308,016       306,197       306,197  

Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method

     (18,675 )     —         (2,300 )     (20,975 )

Loss on valuation of derivative instruments

     86,751       86,751       83,559       83,559  

Gain on valuation of derivative instruments

     (43,119 )     (43,119 )     (62,756 )     (62,756 )

Available-for-sale securities (KEB)

     (114,692 )     —         —         (114,692 )

Convertible stock

     96,924       25,972       1,668       72,620  

Allowance for possible losses of confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees

     253,543       253,543       336,481       336,481  

Unused credit line of loan commitments

     25,814       25,814       28,246       28,246  

Others

     15,527       12,087       8,624       12,064  
                                
     564,392       605,132       631,119       590,379  
                                

Statutory tax rate

     27.5 %         27.5 %

Tax effect

     155,209           162,354  
                    

Deferred tax effect from available-for-sale securities

     (232,370 )         (247,028 )
                    

Deferred tax liabilities

   (Won) (77,161 )       (Won) (84,674 )
                    

Difference amounting to (Won)134 million between closing statements and statement of tax reconciliation in 2006 was reflected in the current period. The beginning balance of accumulated temporary difference was adjusted on the prior-period final income tax.

 

(3) Income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Income tax currently payable

   (Won) 34,926     (Won) 34,767  

Changes in deferred tax assets (liabilities)

     7,513       (78,670 )

Changes due to adjustment for the prior-period final income tax

     (53 )     (83 )

Income tax expense charged to capital

     (14,658 )     107,343  
                
   (Won) 27,728     (Won) 63,357  
                

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(4) The statutory income tax rate applicable to the Bank is 27.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006. However, due to tax adjustments, the effective tax rates for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were 23.9% and 27.3%, respectively.

19.    Assets and Liabilities Denominated in Foreign Currencies:

 

(1)   Significant assets denominated in foreign currencies as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows:

 

     2007    2006
    

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

  

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

Due from banks

   USD 64,782    (Won) 60,040    USD 71,690    (Won) 66,644

Available-for-sale securities

     11,014      10,208      11,115      10,332

Securities using the equity method

     99,530      92,244      97,413      90,556

Call loans

     373,722      346,366      191,000      177,554

Bills bought in foreign currencies

     717,187      664,689      662,682      616,029

Loans

     13,621,737      12,624,626      11,720,570      10,895,441

Advance for customers

     832      771      3,787      3,520
                           
   USD 14,888,804    (Won) 13,798,944    USD 12,758,257    (Won) 11,860,076
                           

 

(2)   Significant liabilities denominated in foreign currencies as of June 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were as follows:

 

     2007    2006
    

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

  

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

Call money

   USD 132,274    (Won) 122,591    USD 235,865    (Won) 219,260

Borrowings

     1,443,648      1,337,973      1,363,635      1,267,635

Debentures

     12,022,790      11,142,722      10,184,831      9,467,819
                           
   USD 13,598,712    (Won) 12,603,286    USD 11,784,331    (Won) 10,954,714
                           

Foreign currencies other than U.S. Dollar were translated into U.S. dollar amounts at the exchange rates announced by Seoul Money Brokerage Services, Ltd. (See Note 2).

20.    Comprehensive Income:

Comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2007 was as follows (Unit: In millions):

 

     2007  

Net income

   (Won) 88,499  

Other comprehensive income:

  

Gain on valuation of available-for-sale securities

     39,587  

Loss on valuation of securities using the equity method

     (691 )
        
   (Won) 127,395  
        

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

21.    Related Party Transactions:

 

(1)   Related parties (all subsidiaries listed below are included in consolidation) as of June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Capital    No. of shares    Ownership (%)

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 37,106    149,999    100.00

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     12,048    400,000    100.00

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     4,513    Limited company    85.00

KEXIM Asia Limited

     27,804    Limited company    100.00

 

(2)   Significant balances of assets and liabilities, and income and expenses from significant transactions with related parties as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

(Assets)

 

    

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Call loans    Total

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 71,806    (Won) 42,633    (Won) 114,439

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     49,584      —        49,584

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     75,720      —        75,720

KEXIM Asia Limited

     45,468      9,268      54,736
                    
   (Won) 242,578    (Won) 51,901    (Won) 294,479
                    

(Liabilities)

 

    

Debentures in

foreign currencies

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 4,634
      

(Transactions)

 

    

Interest

income

  

Interest

expenses

  

Commission

income

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 3,079    (Won) 265    (Won) 15

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     1,281      —        3

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     2,086      —        —  

KEXIM Asia Limited

     1,435      —        1
                    
   (Won) 7,881    (Won) 265    (Won) 19
                    

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(3) Related parties (all subsidiaries listed below are included in consolidation) as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

Related parties

   Capital    No. of shares    Ownership (%)

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 36,482    149,999    100.00

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     12,085    400,000    100.00

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     4,548    Limited company    85.00

KEXIM Asia Limited

     27,888    Limited company    100.00

 

(4) Significant balances of assets and liabilities with related parties as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

(Assets)

 

    

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Call loans    Total

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 106,164    (Won) 5,578    (Won) 111,742

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     46,945      —        46,945

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     76,227      —        76,227

KEXIM Asia Limited

     32,536      —        32,536
                    
   (Won) 261,872    (Won) 5,578    (Won) 267,450
                    

(Liabilities)

 

    

Debentures in

foreign currencies

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 4,648
      

22.    Statements of Cash Flows:

 

(1)   The statements of cash flows for the Bank are presented by the indirect method. Cash flows from the Bank’s major business including loans on credit and security transactions are classified as cash flows from operating activities and those from the receipts and borrowings are classified as cash flows from financing activities. Other cash flows are included in cash flows from operating activities.

 

(2)   Due from banks in the statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2007 and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (won in millions):

 

     2007     2006  

Due from banks in local currency

   (Won) 17,241     (Won) 67,850  

Restricted due from banks

     (2,468 )     (2,460 )

Due from banks in foreign currencies

     60,040       66,644  
                
   (Won) 74,813     (Won) 132,034  
                

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2007

 

(3) Significant transactions not involving cash inflows and outflows for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007  

Increase in gain on valuation of available-for-sale securities

   (Won) 54,603  

Recognition of deferred income tax liabilities due to valuation of the securities using the equity method

     (691 )

Increase in available-for-sale securities resulting from the debt for equity swap

     4,659  
        
   (Won) 58,571  
        

23.    Employee Welfare:

The Bank extends housing loans and operates in-house cafeteria, scholarship, medical insurance, workmen’s compensation, physical training facilities and recreational facilities, in order to enhance the employee welfare. Employee welfare expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2007 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2007

Meal expenses

   (Won) 39

Medical expenses

     23

Fringe benefits

     2,944

Healthcare expenses

     116
      
   (Won) 3,122
      

 

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THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA

The Economy

Gross Domestic Product

The following table sets out the composition of the Republic’s GDP at current and constant 2000 market prices and the annual average increase in the Republic’s GDP.

Gross Domestic Product(1)

 

     2005     2006(2)    

As % of GDP

2006(2)

 
     (billions of won)  

Gross Domestic Product at Current Market Prices:

      

Private

   426,690.6     453,870.4     53.5  

Government

   114,838.2     125,526.8     14.8  

Gross Capital Formation

   243,659.5     252,536.9     29.8  

Change in Inventories

   6,420.0     6,345.4     0.7  

Exports of Goods and Services

   342,588.0     366,502.8     43.2  

Less Imports of Goods and Services

   (323,466.8 )   (357,154.9 )   (42.1 )

Statistical Discrepancy

   6,206.3     6,594.4     0.8  
                  

Expenditures on Gross Domestic Product

   810,515.9     847,876.4     100.0  

Net Factor Income from the Rest of the World

   (1,216.1 )   (15.2 )   (0.0 )
                  

Gross National Product(1)

   809,299.8     847,861.3     100.0  
                  

Gross Domestic Product at Constant 2000 Market Prices:

      

Private

   360,720.6     375,901.7     49.5  

Government

   88,120.6     93,267.9     12.3  

Gross Capital Formation

   208,076.6     214,224.9     28.2  

Change in Inventories

   21.8     (399.8 )   (0.1 )

Exports of Goods and Services

   390,443.5     438,805.2     57.8  

Less Imports of Goods and Services

   (323,604.7 )   (360,331.3 )   (47.5 )

Statistical Discrepancy

   (629.8 )   (2,634.0 )   0.3  
                  

Expenditures on Gross Domestic Product

   723,126.8     759,234.4     100.0  

Net Factor Income from the Rest of the World in the Terms of Trade

   (1,030.3 )   (29.5 )   (0.0 )
                  

Trading Gains and Losses from Changes

   (46,437.8 )   (68,118.2 )   (9.0 )
                  

Gross National Income(3)

   675,658.7     691,086.7     91.0  
                  

Percentage Increase (Decrease) of GDP over Previous Year

      

At Current Prices

   4.0     4.6    

At Constant 2000 Market Prices

   4.2     5.0    

(1) GDP plus net factor income from the rest of the world is equal to the Republic’s gross national product.
(2) Preliminary.
(3) GDP plus net factor income from the rest of the world and trading gains and losses from changes in the terms of trade is equal to the Republic’s gross national income.
Source: National Accounts Year 2006; The Bank of Korea.

 

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The following tables set out the Republic’s GDP by economic sector at current and constant 2000 market prices:

Gross Domestic Product by Economic Sector

(at current market prices)

 

     2005     2006(1)     As % of GDP
2006(1)
 
     (billions of won)  

Industrial Sectors:

      

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

   24,631.4     24,473.3     2.9  

Mining and Manufacturing

   207,327.2     212,503.3     25.1  

Mining and Quarrying

   2,626.2     2,667.9     0.3  

Manufacturing

   204,701.0     209,835.4     24.7  

Electricity, Gas and Water

   16,838.7     17,558.9     2.1  

Construction

   66,375.0     68,434.3     8.1  

Services:

   406,301.6     430,832.0     50.8  

Wholesale and Retail Trade, Restaurants and Hotels

   67,862.2     70,945.9     8.4  

Transportation, Storage and Communication

   52,429.5     54,194.3     6.4  

Financial Intermediation

   60,483.5     63,697.4     7.5  

Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

   90,482.4     96,427.5     11.4  

Public Administration and Defense:

      

Compulsory Social Security

   45,429.4     49,018.4     5.8  

Education

   41,569.8     44,427.9     5.2  

Health and Social Work

   23,069.3     25,683.6     3.0  

Other Service Activities

   24,975.6     26,437.0     3.1  

Taxes less subsidies on products

   89,041.7     94,074.6     11.1  
                  

Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices

   810,515.9     847,876.4     100.0  
                  

Net Factor Income from the Rest of the World

   (1,216.1 )   (15.2 )   (0.0 )

Gross National Income at Current Price

   809,299.8     847,861.3     100.0  

(1) Preliminary.

Source: National Accounts Year 2006; The Bank of Korea.

 

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Gross Domestic Product by Economic Sector

(at constant 2000 market prices)

 

     2005    2006(1)    As % of GDP
2006(1)
     (billions of won)

Industrial Sectors:

        

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

   25,446.6    24,785.3    3.3

Mining and Manufacturing

   210,587.0    228,153.8    30.1

Mining and Quarrying

   1,913.7    1,965.8    0.3

Manufacturing

   208,673.3    226,188.0    29.8

Electricity, Gas and Water

   18,360.7    19,005.6    2.5

Construction

   51,413.0    51,360.9    6.8

Services:

   338,176.8    353,131.5    46.5

Wholesale and Retail Trade, Restaurants and Hotels

   60,687.0    62,792.5    8.3

Transportation, Storage and Communication

   53,254.2    55,748.9    7.3

Financial Intermediation

   48,392.3    50,683.5    6.7

Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

   77,247.9    80,800.7    10.6

Public Administration and Defense:

        

Compulsory Social Security

   32,662.5    33,642.7    4.4

Education

   30,174.2    30,983.4    4.1

Health and Social Work

   14,752.8    15,811.5    2.1

Other Service Activities

   21,006.9    21,768.3    2.9

Taxes less subsidies on products

   79,141.8    83,697.4    11.0
              

Gross Domestic Product at Market Prices

   723,126.8    759,234.4    100.0
              

(1) Preliminary.

Source: National Accounts Year 2006; The Bank of Korea.

GDP growth in 2005 was 4.2% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 3.9% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 2.4%, each compared with 2004.

Based on preliminary data, GDP growth in 2006 was 5.0% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 4.5% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 3.2%, each compared with 2005.

Based on preliminary data, GDP growth in the first quarter of 2007 was 4.0% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 4.3% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 7.0%, each compared with the same period of 2006. Based on preliminary data, GDP growth in the second quarter of 2007 was 5.0% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 4.5% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 6.7%, each compared with the same period of 2006.

 

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Principal Sectors of the Economy

Industrial Sectors

The following table sets out production indices for the principal industrial products of the Republic and their relative contribution to total industrial production:

Industrial Production

 

     2000
Index
Weight(1)
   2000    2005    2006

Mining

   36.2    100.0    93.8    92.5

Coal

   4.7    100.0    88.5    91.1

Metal Ores

   0.8    100.0    107.1    121.3

Others

   30.7    100.0    94.2    91.9

Manufacturing

   9,362.9    100.0    134.0    148.1

Food Products and Beverages

   658.8    100.0    108.3    108.8

Tobacco Products

   53.4    100.0    113.5    126.9

Textiles

   472.7    100.0    63.5    58.2

Apparel and Fur Articles

   210.3    100.0    86.6    93.7

Tanning and Dressing of Leather

   97.6    100.0    58.8    58.6

Wood and Wood and Cork Products

   62.2    100.0    104.4    111.7

Pulp, Paper and Paper Products

   193.2    100.0    109.3    109.4

Publishing, Printing and Reproduction of Record Media

   226.8    100.0    92.6    92.6

Coke, Refined Petroleum Products and Nuclear Fuel

   309.9    100.0    97.0    98.2

Chemicals and Chemical Products

   856.9    100.0    122.7    127.0

Rubber and Plastic Products

   429.9    100.0    118.0    124.4

Non-Metallic Mineral Products

   331.5    100.0    101.3    101.9

Basic Metals

   566.2    100.0    118.0    121.3

Fabricated Metal Products

   414.8    100.0    98.4    101.7

Machinery and Equipment

   812.5    100.0    123.0    131.3

Office, Accounting and Computing Machinery

   330.8    100.0    78.0    77.9

Electrical Machinery and Apparatus and Others

   379.8    100.0    120.1    128.7

Radio, Television and Communication Equipment

   1,481.0    100.0    258.1    323.1

Medical Precision and Optical Instrument, Watches

   105.0    100.0    98.9    97.2

Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Semitrailers

   916.1    100.0    138.3    150.2

Other Transport Equipment

   274.6    100.0    156.3    173.8

Furniture and Other Manufactured Goods

   178.9    100.0    78.0    73.4

Electricity and Gas

   600.9    100.0    137.5    143.5

All Items

   10,000.0    100.0    134.1    147.6

Percentage Increase (Decrease) of All Items Over Previous Year

      16.8    6.3    10.1

(1) Index weights were established on the basis of an industrial census in 2000 and reflect the average annual value added by production in each of the classifications shown, expressed as a percentage of total value added in the mining, manufacturing and electricity and gas industries in that year.

Source: The Bank of Korea.

Industrial production increased by 10.1% in 2006 primarily due to strong exports and increased domestic consumption.

 

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Manufacturing

In 2006, the manufacturing sector increased production by 10.5%. In 2006, light industry recorded a 1.1% production increase due to increased production of wood, apparel and leather products.

Automobiles. In 2006, automobile production increased by 3.8%, domestic sales recorded an increase of 1.8% and exports recorded an increase of 2.3%, compared with 2005.

Electronics. In 2006, electronics production increased by 10.0%, based on preliminary data, and exports increased by 11.7%, each compared with 2005 primarily due to continued growth in exports of semiconductor memory chips and global information technology products. In 2006, export sales of semiconductor memory chips constituted approximately 11.5% of the Republic’s total exports.

Iron and Steel. In 2006, crude steel production totaled 48.4 million tons, an increase of 1.2% from 2005. Domestic sales increased by 5.3% and exports increased by 14.2%.

Shipbuilding. In 2006, the Republic’s shipbuilding orders amounted to 19.6 million compensated gross tons, an increase of 44.1% compared to 2005.

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

Based on preliminary data, in 2006, production in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry decreased by 2.6% compared to 2005 primarily due to decreased production of rice, fruits and corns.

Construction

Based on preliminary data, in 2006, production in the construction industry decreased by 0.1% compared to 2005 primarily due to a slight decrease in residential and commercial construction.

Electricity and Gas

The following table sets out the Republic’s dependence on imports for energy consumption:

Dependence on Imports for Energy Consumption

 

     Total Energy Consumption    Imports   

Imports

Dependence Ratio

     (millions of tons of oil equivalents, except ratios)

2005

   228.6    221.1    96.7

2006

   231.5    224.0    96.8

Source: Korea Energy Economics Institute.

 

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The following table sets out the principal primary sources of energy consumed in the Republic, expressed in oil equivalents and as a percentage of total energy consumption.

Consumption of Energy by Source

 

     Coal    Petroleum    Nuclear    Others    Total
     Quantity    %    Quantity    %    Quantity    %    Quantity    %    Quantity    %
     (millions of tons of oil equivalents, except percentages)

2005

   54.8    24.0    101.5    44.4    36.7    16.1    35.6    15.5    228.6    100.0

2006

   56.7    24.5    101.4    43.8    37.2    16.1    36.2    15.6    231.5    100.0

Source: Korea Energy Economics Institute.

Services Sector

Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the output of the transportation, storage and communications sector increased by 4.7%. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the output of the financing, real estate and business service subsector increased by 4.2% compared to 2005.

Prices, Wages and Employment

The inflation rate, on an annualized basis, was 2.1% in the first quarter of 2007 and 2.4% in the second quarter of 2007. The unemployment rate was 3.6% in the first quarter of 2006 and 3.2% in the second quarter of 2007.

The Financial System

Structure of the Financial Sector

In July 2007, the Korean National Assembly passed the Act on Capital Markets and Financial Investment Business, or ACMFIB, under which various industry-based capital markets regulatory systems currently in place will be consolidated into a single regulatory system. The ACMFIB, which will become effective in February 2009, will expand the scope of permitted investment-related financial products and activities through expansive definitions of financial instruments and function-based regulations that allow financial investment companies to offer a wider range of financial services, as well as strengthening investor protection and disclosure requirements.

Securities Markets

The following table shows the value of the Korea Composite Stock Price Index as of the dates indicated.

 

March 31, 2007

   1,452.6

April 30, 2007

   1,542.2

May 31, 2007

   1,700.9

June 30, 2007

   1,743.6

July 31, 2007

   1,933.3

August 31, 2007

   1,873.2

September 28, 2007

   1,946.5

 

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The Korea Composite Stock Price Index was 2,012.8 on October 8, 2007.

Monetary Policy

Interest Rates

On July 12, 2007, the Bank of Korea raised the benchmark call rate to 4.75% from 4.5%, which was further raised to 5.0% on August 9, 2007.

Foreign Exchange

The following table sets forth the market average exchange rate between the Won and the U.S. Dollar (in Won per U.S. Dollar) as announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Service Ltd. on each of the dates indicated.

Exchange Rates

 

March 31, 2007

   940.3

April 30, 2007

   929.4

May 31, 2007

   929.9

June 30, 2007

   926.8

July 31, 2007

   923.2

August 31, 2007

   939.9

September 28, 2007

   920.7

The market average exchange rate was 916.0 to US$1.00 on October 8, 2007.

Balance of Payments and Foreign Trade

Balance of Payments

Based on preliminary data, the Republic recorded a current account deficit of approximately US$1.4 billion in the first half of 2007 compared with a current account deficit of US$0.4 billion in the same period of 2006, primarily due to an increase in deficit from the service account from US$8.9 billion to US$10.6 billion, which was partially offset by an increase in surplus from the goods account from US$12.6 billion to US$13.2 billion.

Trade Balance

Based on preliminary data, the Republic recorded a trade surplus of US$0.8 billion in the first half 2007. Exports increased by 14.5% to US$177.9 billion and imports increased by 13.8% to US$169.9 billion from US$155.4 billion of exports and US$149.3 billion of imports, respectively, in the same period of 2006.

In April 2007, the Republic and the United States reached an agreement on a bilateral free trade agreement, or FTA, which was subsequently signed by both nations in June 2007. The FTA was submitted for ratification to the Korean National Assembly in September 2007. The FTA is scheduled to be submitted for ratification to the U.S. Congress in the second half of 2007 or the first half of 2008.

Foreign Currency Reserves

The Government’s foreign currency reserves amounted to US$255.3 billion as of August 31, 2007.

 

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Government Finance

The following table shows consolidated Government revenues and expenditures for the periods indicated:

Consolidated Central Government Revenues and Expenditures

 

     2005    2006(1)
     (billions of won)

Total Revenues

   191,467    207,517

Current Revenues

   190,166    206,084

Total Tax Revenues

   127,466    165,359

Income Profits and Capital Gains

   54,456    60,367

Tax on Property

   4,683    6,281

Tax on Goods and Services

   53,401    54,996

Customs Duties

   6,318    6,858

Others

   8,608    8,954

Social Security Contribution

   24,906    27,315

Non-Tax Revenues

   37,795    40,725

Capital Revenues

   1,282    1,433

Total Expenditures and Net Lending

   187,946    202,880

Total Expenditures

   184,922    197,134

Current Expenditures

   160,274    171,134

Goods and Services

   36,165    38,987

Interest Payments

   10,094    12,150

Subsidies and Other Transfers(2)

   111,448    119,997

Subsidies

   724    764

Other Transfers(2)

   110,724    119,233

Non-Financial Public Enterprises Expenditures

   2,566    2,554

Capital Expenditures

   24,648    26,000

Net Lending

   3,024    5,746

(1) Preliminary.
(2) Includes transfers to local governments, non-profit institutions, households and abroad.

Source: Ministry of Finance and Economy; Korea National Statistical Office.

Based on preliminary data, in 2006, revenues increased by approximately 8.4% compared to 2005, which represented 27.3% of the Republic’s GDP, principally due to higher tax revenues. Tax revenues increased principally as a result of the country’s export growth and the accompanying increase in corporate income. The Republic had a fiscal surplus of (Won)4.6 trillion in 2006.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES

The following is a description of some of the terms of the Notes we are offering. Since it is only a summary, we urge you to read the fiscal agency agreement described below and the form of global note before deciding whether to invest in the Notes. We have filed a copy of these documents with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as exhibits to the registration statement no. 333-136378.

The general terms of our Notes are described in the accompanying prospectus. The description in this prospectus supplement further adds to that description or, to the extent inconsistent with that description, replaces it.

Governed by Fiscal Agency Agreement

We will issue the Notes under the fiscal agency agreement, dated as of August 1, 1991, between us and The Bank of New York (formerly JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.), as fiscal agent, as amended or supplemented from time to time (the “Fiscal Agency Agreement”). The fiscal agent will maintain a register for the Notes.

Payment of Principal and Interest

The Notes are initially limited to US$             aggregate principal amount and will mature on                     , 20    (the “Maturity Date”). The Notes will bear interest at the rate of %     per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on              and              of each year (each an “Interest Payment Date”), beginning on , 2008. Interest on the Notes will accrue from                      , 2007. If any Interest Payment Date or the Maturity Date falls on a day that is not a business day (as defined below), then payment will not be made on such date but will be made on the next succeeding day that is a business day, with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or the Maturity Date (as the case may be), and no interest shall be payable in respect of such delay. The term “business day” as used herein means a day other than a Saturday, a Sunday, or any other day on which banking institutions in The City of New York or Seoul are authorized or required by law or executive order to remain closed.

We will pay interest to the person who is registered as the owner of a Note at the close of business on the fifteenth day (whether or not a business day) preceding such Interest Payment Date. Interest on the Notes will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. We will make principal and interest payments on the Notes in immediately available funds in U.S. dollars.

Denomination

The Notes will be issued in minimum denominations of US$100,000 principal amount and integral multiples of US$1,000 in excess thereof.

Redemption

We may not redeem the Notes prior to maturity. At maturity, we will redeem the Notes at par.

Form and Registration

We will issue the Notes in the form of one or more fully registered global notes, registered in the name of a nominee of and deposited with the custodian for DTC. Except as described in the accompanying prospectus under “Description of the Securities—Description of Debt Securities—Global Securities,” the global notes will not be exchangeable for Notes in definitive registered form, and will not be issued in definitive registered form. Financial institutions, acting as direct and indirect participants in DTC, will represent your beneficial interests in the global notes. These financial institutions will record the ownership and transfer of your beneficial interest

 

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through book-entry accounts. You may hold your beneficial interests in the Notes through Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. (“Euroclear”) or Clearstream Banking, société anonyme (“Clearstream”) if you are a participant in such systems, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such systems. Any secondary market trading of book-entry interests in the Notes will take place through DTC participants, including Euroclear and Clearstream. See “Clearance and Settlement—Transfers Within and Between DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream”.

The fiscal agent will not charge you any fees for the Notes, other than reasonable fees for the replacement of lost, stolen, mutilated or destroyed Notes. However, you may incur fees for the maintenance and operation of the book-entry accounts with the clearing systems in which your beneficial interests are held.

For so long as the Notes are listed on the SGX-ST and the rules of the SGX-ST so require, we will appoint and maintain a paying and transfer agent in Singapore, where the certificates representing Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment or redemption (if required), in the event that we issue the Notes in definitive form in the limited circumstances set forth in the accompanying prospectus. In addition, an announcement of such issue will be made through the SGX-ST. Such announcement will include all material information with respect to the delivery of the definitive Notes, including details of the paying and transfer agent in Singapore.

Notices

All notices regarding the Notes will be published in London in the Financial Times and in New York in The Wall Street Journal (U.S. Edition). If we cannot, for any reason, publish notice in any of those newspapers, we will choose an appropriate alternate English language newspaper of general circulation, and notice in that newspaper will be considered valid notice. Notice will be considered made on the first date of its publication.

 

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CLEARANCE AND SETTLEMENT

We have obtained the information in this section from sources we believe to be reliable, including DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream. We accept responsibility only for accurately extracting information from such sources. DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream are under no obligation to perform or continue to perform the procedures described below, and they may modify or discontinue them at any time. Neither we nor the registrar will be responsible for DTC’s, Euroclear’s or Clearstream’s performance of their obligations under their rules and procedures. Nor will we or the registrar be responsible for the performance by direct or indirect participants of their obligations under their rules and procedures.

Introduction

The Depository Trust Company

DTC is:

 

   

a limited-purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law;

 

   

a “banking organization” under the New York Banking Law;

 

   

a member of the Federal Reserve System;

 

   

a “clearing corporation” under the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and

 

   

a “clearing agency” registered under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between its participants. It does this through electronic book-entry changes in the accounts of its direct participants, eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC is owned by a number of its direct participants and by the New York Stock Exchange Inc., the American Stock Exchange, Inc. and the National Association of Securities Dealers Inc.

Euroclear and Clearstream

Like DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream hold securities for their participants and facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between their participants through electronic book-entry changes in their accounts. Euroclear and Clearstream provide various services to their participants, including the safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement and lending and borrowing of internationally traded securities. Participants in Euroclear and Clearstream are financial institutions such as underwriters, securities brokers and dealers, banks and trust companies. Some of the underwriters participating in this offering are participants in Euroclear or Clearstream. Other banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies have indirect access to Euroclear or Clearstream by clearing through or maintaining a custodial relationship with a Euroclear or Clearstream participant.

Ownership of Notes through DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream

We will issue the Notes in the form of one or more fully registered global notes, registered in the name of a nominee of DTC. Financial institutions, acting as direct and indirect participants in DTC, will represent your beneficial interests in the Notes. These financial institutions will record the ownership and transfer of your beneficial interests through book-entry accounts. You may also hold your beneficial interests in the Notes through Euroclear or Clearstream, if you are a participant in such systems, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such systems. Euroclear and Clearstream will hold their participants’ beneficial interests in the global notes in their customers’ securities accounts with their depositaries. These depositaries of Euroclear and Clearstream in turn will hold such interests in their customers’ securities accounts with DTC.

 

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We and the fiscal agent generally will treat the registered holder of the Notes, initially Cede & Co., as the absolute owner of the Notes for all purposes. Once we and the fiscal agent make payments to the registered holder, we and the fiscal agent will no longer be liable on the Notes for the amounts so paid. Accordingly, if you own a beneficial interest in the global notes, you must rely on the procedures of the institutions through which you hold your interests in the Notes, including DTC, Euroclear, Clearstream and their respective participants, to exercise any of the rights granted to holders of Notes. Under existing industry practice, if you desire to take any action that Cede & Co., as the holder of the global notes, is entitled to take, then Cede & Co. would authorize the DTC participant through which you own your beneficial interest to take such action. The participant would then either authorize you to take the action or act for you on your instructions.

DTC may grant proxies or authorize its participants, or persons holding beneficial interests in the Notes through such participants, to exercise any rights of a holder or take any actions that a holder is entitled to take under the fiscal agency agreement or the Notes. Euroclear’s or Clearstream’s ability to take actions as holder under the Notes or the fiscal agency agreement will be limited by the ability of their respective depositaries to carry out such actions for them through DTC. Euroclear and Clearstream will take such actions only in accordance with their respective rules and procedures.

Transfers Within and Between DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream

Trading Between DTC Purchasers and Sellers

DTC participants will transfer interests in the Notes among themselves in the ordinary way according to DTC rules. Participants will pay for such transfers by wire transfer. The laws of some states require certain purchasers of securities to take physical delivery of the securities in definitive form. These laws may impair your ability to transfer beneficial interests in the global notes to such purchasers. DTC can act only on behalf of its direct participants, who in turn act on behalf of indirect participants and certain banks. Thus, your ability to pledge a beneficial interest in the global notes to persons that do not participate in the DTC system, and to take other actions, may be limited because you will not possess a physical certificate that represents your interest.

Trading Between Euroclear and/or Clearstream Participants

Participants in Euroclear and Clearstream will transfer interests in the Notes among themselves according to the rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream.

Trading Between a DTC Seller and a Euroclear or Clearstream Purchaser

When the Notes are to be transferred from the account of a DTC participant to the account of a Euroclear or Clearstream participant, the purchaser must first send instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream through a participant at least one business day prior to the settlement date. Euroclear or Clearstream will then instruct its depositary to receive the Notes and make payment for them. On the settlement date, the depositary will make payment to the DTC participant’s account and the Notes will be credited to the depositary’s account. After settlement has been completed, DTC will credit the Notes to Euroclear or Clearstream, Euroclear or Clearstream will credit the Notes, in accordance with its usual procedures, to the participant’s account, and the participant will then credit the purchaser’s account. These securities credits will appear the next day (European time) after the settlement date. The cash debit from the account of Euroclear or Clearstream will be back-valued to the value date, which will be the preceding day if settlement occurs in New York. If settlement is not completed on the intended value date (i.e., the trade fails), the cash debit will instead be valued at the actual settlement date.

Participants in Euroclear and Clearstream will need to make funds available to Euroclear or Clearstream to pay for the Notes by wire transfer on the value date. The most direct way of doing this is to pre-position funds (i.e., have funds in place at Euroclear or Clearstream before the value date), either from cash on hand or existing lines of credit. Under this approach, however, participants may take on credit exposure to Euroclear and Clearstream until the Notes are credited to their accounts one day later.

 

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As an alternative, if Euroclear or Clearstream has extended a line of credit to a participant, the participant may decide not to pre-position funds, but to allow Euroclear or Clearstream to draw on the line of credit to finance settlement for the Notes. Under this procedure, Euroclear or Clearstream would charge the participant overdraft charges for one day, assuming that the overdraft would be cleared when the Notes were credited to the participant’s account. However, interest on the Notes would accrue from the value date. Therefore, in many cases the interest income on Notes which the participant earns during that one-day period will substantially reduce or offset the amount of the participant’s overdraft charges. Of course, this result will depend on the cost of funds (i.e., the interest rate that Euroclear or Clearstream charges) to each participant.

Since the settlement will occur during New York business hours, a DTC participant selling an interest in the Notes can use its usual procedures for transferring global securities to the depositories of Euroclear or Clearstream for the benefit of Euroclear or Clearstream participants. The DTC seller will receive the sale proceeds on the settlement date. Thus, to the DTC seller, a cross-market sale will settle no differently than a trade between two DTC participants.

Finally, day traders who use Euroclear or Clearstream and who purchase Notes from DTC participants for credit to Euroclear participants or Clearstream participants should note that these trades will automatically fail unless one of three steps is taken:

 

   

borrowing through Euroclear or Clearstream for one day, until the purchase side of the day trade is reflected in the day trader’s Euroclear or Clearstream account, in accordance with the clearing system’s customary procedures;

 

   

borrowing the Notes in the United States from DTC participants no later than one day prior to settlement, which would allow sufficient time for the Notes to be reflected in the Euroclear or Clearstream account in order to settle the sale side of the trade; or

 

   

staggering the value dates for the buy and sell sides of the trade so that the value date for the purchase from the DTC participant is at least one day prior to the value date for the sale to the Euroclear or Clearstream participant.

Trading Between a Euroclear or Clearstream Seller and a DTC Purchaser

Due to time-zone differences in their favor, Euroclear and Clearstream participants can use their usual procedures to transfer Notes through their depositaries to a DTC participant. The seller must first send instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream through a participant at least one business day prior to the settlement date. Euroclear or Clearstream will then instruct its depositary to credit the Notes to the DTC participant’s account and receive payment. The payment will be credited in the account of the Euroclear or Clearstream participant on the following day, but the receipt of the cash proceeds will be back-valued to the value date, which will be the preceding day if settlement occurs in New York. If settlement is not completed on the intended value date (i.e., the trade fails), the receipt of the cash proceeds will instead be valued at the actual settlement date.

If the Euroclear or Clearstream participant selling the Notes has a line of credit with Euroclear or Clearstream and elects to be in debit for the Notes until it receives the sale proceeds in its account, then the back-valuation may substantially reduce or offset any overdraft charges that the participant incurs over that period.

Settlement in other currencies between DTC and Euroclear and Clearstream is possible using free-of-payment transfers to move the Notes, but funds movement will take place separately.

 

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UNITED STATES TAX CONSIDERATIONS

Stated interest on the Notes will be treated as qualified stated interest for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to you if you invest in the Notes and are a U.S. holder, see “Taxation—United States Tax Considerations” in the accompanying prospectus.

 

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UNDERWRITING

Relationship with the Underwriter

We and the underwriters named below (the “Underwriters”) have entered into a Terms Agreement dated                     , 2007 (the “Terms Agreement”) with respect to the Notes relating to the Underwriting Agreement—Standard Terms (together with the Terms Agreement, the “Underwriting Agreement”) filed as an exhibit to the registration statement. ABN AMRO Incorporated, BNP Paribas Securities Corp., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc are acting as representatives of the Underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Underwriting Agreement, we have agreed to sell to each of the Underwriters, severally, and each of the Underwriters has severally agreed to purchase, the following principal amount of the Notes set out opposite its name below:

 

Name of the Underwriters

   Principal
Amount of
the Notes

ABN AMRO Incorporated

   US$             

BNP Paribas Securities Corp.

  

Merrill Lynch, Pierece, Fenner & Smith
                Incorporated

  

Morgan Stanley & Co. International plc

  
      

Total

   US$  
      

Under the terms and conditions of the Underwriting Agreement, if the Underwriters take any of the Notes, then the Underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the Notes.

The Underwriters initially propose to offer the Notes directly to the public at the offering price described on the cover page. After the initial offering of the Notes, the Underwriters may from time to time vary the offering price and other selling terms.

The Notes are a new class of securities with no established trading market. We have applied to the SGX-ST for listing of, and permission to deal in, the Notes. There can be no assurance that such listing will be obtained. The Underwriters have advised us that they intend to make a market in the Notes. However, they are not obligated to do so and they may discontinue any market making activities with respect to the Notes at any time without notice. Accordingly, we cannot assure you as to the liquidity of any trading market for the Notes.

We have agreed to indemnify the Underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or to contribute to payments which the Underwriters may be required to make in respect of any such liabilities.

In connection with this offering, BNP Paribas Securities Corp. (the “Stabilizing Manager”) or any person acting on its behalf, on behalf of the Underwriters may purchase and sell Notes in the open market. These transactions may include over-allotment, covering transactions and stabilizing transactions. Over-allotment involves sales of Notes in excess of the principal amount of Notes to be purchased by the Underwriters in this offering, which creates a short position for the Underwriters. Covering transactions involve purchases of the Notes in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover short positions. Stabilizing transactions consist of certain bids or purchases of Notes made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the Notes while the offering is in progress. Any of these activities may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the Notes. They may also cause the price of the Notes to be higher than the price that otherwise would exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The Stabilizing Manager may conduct these transactions in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. If the Stabilizing Manager commences any of these transactions, it may discontinue them at any time, and must discontinue them after a limited period.

 

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The amount of net proceeds is US$             after deducting underwriting discounts but not estimated expenses. Expenses associated with this offering are estimated to be US$            . The Underwriters have agreed to pay certain of our expenses incurred in connection with the offering of the Notes.

In the ordinary course of their respective businesses, some of the Underwriters and their affiliates have engaged, and may in the future engage, in commercial banking and/or investment banking transactions and other related services with us and our affiliates for which the Underwriters and/or their affiliates have received or may receive customary fees and reimbursement of out-of-pocket expenses.

Delivery of the Notes

We expect to make delivery of the Notes, against payment in same-day funds on or about                     , 2007, which we expect will be the              business day following the date of this prospectus supplement. Under Rule 15c6-l promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, U.S. purchasers are generally required to settle trades in the secondary market in three business days, unless they and the other parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, if you wish to trade in the Notes on the date of this prospectus supplement, because the Notes will initially settle in T+     , you may be required to specify an alternate settlement cycle at the time of your trade to prevent a failed settlement. Purchasers in other countries should consult with their own advisors.

Foreign Selling Restrictions

Each Underwriter has agreed to the following selling restrictions in connection with the offering with respect to the following jurisdictions:

Korea

Each Underwriter has represented and agreed that (i) it has not offered, sold or delivered and will not offer, sell or deliver, directly or indirectly, any Notes in Korea or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Korea, except as permitted by applicable Korean laws and regulations; and (ii) any securities dealer to whom it sells Notes will agree that it will not offer any Notes, directly or indirectly, in Korea or to any resident of Korea, except as permitted by applicable Korean laws and regulations, or to any dealer who does not so represent and agree.

United Kingdom

Each Underwriter has represented and agreed that (i) it has not offered or sold and, prior to the expiry of a period of six months from the closing date, will not offer or sell, any Notes to persons in the United Kingdom, except to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or agent) for the purpose of their businesses or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of The Public Offers of Securities Regulations 1995 (as amended); (ii) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of The Financial Services and Markets Act of 2000 (“FSMA”)) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of any of the Notes in circumstances in which section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to us; and (iii) it has complied, and will comply with, all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the Notes, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

The Netherlands

Each Underwriter has represented and agreed that it has not, directly or indirectly, offered or sold and will not, directly or indirectly, offer or sell in the Netherlands any Notes other than to persons who trade or invest in

 

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securities in the conduct of a profession or business (which includes banks, stockbrokers, insurance companies, pension funds, other institutional investors and finance companies and treasury departments of large enterprises).

Japan

Each Underwriter has represented and agreed that the Notes have not been and will not be registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan; it will not offer or sell, directly or indirectly, any of the Notes in Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident for reoffering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the account or benefit of, any resident of Japan except (i) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, or otherwise in compliance with, the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan and (ii) in compliance with the other relevant laws and regulations of Japan.

Hong Kong

Each Underwriter has represented and agreed that:

 

   

it has not offered or sold and will not offer or sell in Hong Kong, by means of any document, any Notes other than to (i) “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made under that Ordinance; or (ii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of that Ordinance; and

 

   

it has not issued or had in its possession for the purposes of issue, and will not issue or have in its possession for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, any advertisement, invitation or document relating to the Notes, which is directed at, or the contents of which are or are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to Notes which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made under that Ordinance.

Singapore

Each Underwriter represents and agrees that this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus have not been and will not be registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore under the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289 of Singapore) (the “SFA”). Accordingly, each Underwriter represents, warrants and agrees that it has not offered or sold any Notes or caused the Notes to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase and will not offer or sell any Notes or cause the Notes to be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, and has not circulated or distributed, nor will it circulate or distribute, this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus or any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the Notes, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

Each Underwriter further represents, warrants and agrees to notify (whether through the distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus or otherwise) each of the following relevant persons specified in Section 275 of the SFA which has subscribed or purchased Notes from or through that Underwriter, namely a person which is:

(a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

 

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(b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor,

that shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the Notes under Section 275 of the SFA except:

(1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA;

(2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or

(3) by operation of law.

Italy

No solicitations in connection with the offering of the Notes will be made in Italy by any party, including the Underwriters. No copies of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any other documents relating to the Notes will be distributed in Italy. No Notes will be offered, sold or delivered in Italy.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the Notes is being passed upon for us by Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP, New York, New York, and by Shin & Kim, Seoul, Korea. Certain legal matters will also be passed upon for the Underwriters by Davis Polk & Wardwell, New York, New York. In giving their opinions, Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP and Davis Polk & Wardwell may rely as to matters of Korean law upon the opinion of Shin & Kim and Shin & Kim may rely as to matters of New York law upon the opinion of Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP.

OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND DOCUMENTS

Our Chairman and President, in his official capacity, has supplied the information set forth in this prospectus supplement under “Recent Developments—The Export-Import Bank of Korea.” Such information is stated on his authority. The documents identified in the portion of this prospectus supplement captioned “Recent Developments—The Republic of Korea” as the sources of financial or statistical data are derived from official public documents of the Republic and of its agencies and instrumentalities.

GENERAL INFORMATION

We were established in 1976 as a special governmental financial institution pursuant to the Export-Import Bank of Korea Act, as amended. Our corporate registry number is 11235-0000158. Our authorized share capital is (Won)4,000 billion. As of June 30, 2007, our paid-in capital was (Won)3,305.8 billion.

Our board of directors can be reached at the address of our registered office: c/o 16-1, Youido- dong, Yongdeungpo-ku, Seoul 150-996, The Republic of Korea.

The issue of the Notes has been authorized by our Chairman and President on October 8, 2007. On October 5, 2007, we filed our report on the proposed issuance of the Notes with the Ministry of Finance and Economy of Korea.

Except as disclosed in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, since December 31, 2006, there has been no material adverse change in our financial condition. In addition, except as disclosed in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, since June 30, 2007, there has been no material adverse change in our capitalization as described in the table appearing on page S-8 of this prospectus supplement which is material in the context of the issue of the Notes.

We are not involved in any litigation, arbitration or administrative proceedings that are material in the context of the issue of the Notes and are not aware of any such litigation, arbitration or administrative proceedings whether pending or threatened.

The registration statement with respect to us and the Notes has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in Washington, D.C. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Additional information concerning us and the Notes is contained in the registration statement and post-effective amendments to such registration statement, including their various exhibits, which may be inspected at the public reference facilities maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission at Room 1580, 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, USA.

The Notes have been accepted for clearance through DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream:

 

CUSIP   Common Code   ISIN
   

 

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PROSPECTUS

 

LOGO

 

The Export-Import Bank of Korea

 

$4,000,000,000

 

Debt Securities

Warrants to Purchase Debt Securities

 


 

We will provide the specific terms of these securities in supplements to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement carefully before you invest.

 


 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

This prospectus is dated May 7, 2007


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page

Certain Defined Terms and Conventions

   1

Use of Proceeds

   2

The Export-Import Bank of Korea

   3

Overview

   3

Capitalization

   4

Business

   5

Selected Financial Statement Data

   8

Operations

   10

Description of Assets and Liabilities

   16

Credit Policies, Credit Approval and Risk Management

   27

Capital Adequacy

   29

Overseas Operations

   29

Property

   30

Management and Employees

   30

Financial Statements and the Auditors

   32

The Republic of Korea

   87

Land and History

   87

Government and Politics

   88

The Economy

   92

The Financial System

   103

Monetary Policy

   108

Balance of Payments and Foreign Trade

   112

Government Finance

   116

Debt

   118

Tables and Supplementary Information

   120

Description of The Securities

   123

Description of Debt Securities

   123

Description of Warrants

   130

Terms Applicable to Debt Securities and Warrants

   131

Limitations on Issuance of Bearer Debt Securities and Bearer Warrants

   132

Taxation

   133

Korean Taxation

   133

United States Tax Considerations

   135

Plan of Distribution

   144

Legal Matters

   145

Authorized Representatives in the United States

   145

Official Statements and Documents

   145

Experts

   145

Forward-Looking Statements

   145

Further Information

   147

 

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CERTAIN DEFINED TERMS AND CONVENTIONS

 

All references to “Korea” or the “Republic” contained in this prospectus mean The Republic of Korea. All references to the “Government” mean the government of Korea. All references to the “Bank” mean The Export-Import Bank of Korea.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, all references to “won”, “Won” or “(Won)” contained in this prospectus are to the currency of Korea, references to “U.S. dollars”, “Dollars”, “$” or “US$” are to the currency of the United States of America, references to “Euro” or “ €” are to the currency of the European Union, references to “Yen” or “¥” are to the currency of Japan and references to “CHF” are to the currency of Switzerland.

 

In this prospectus, where information has been prepared in thousands, millions or billions of units, amounts may have been rounded up or down. Accordingly, actual numbers may differ from those contained herein due to rounding. All discrepancies in any table between totals and the sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding.

 

Our principal financial statements are our non-consolidated financial statements. Unless specified otherwise, our financial and other information is presented on a non-consolidated basis and does not include such information with respect to our subsidiaries.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities for our general operations.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

 

Overview

 

We were established in 1976 as a special governmental financial institution pursuant to the Export-Import Bank of Korea Act, as amended (the “KEXIM Act”). Since our establishment, we have been promoting the export and competitiveness of Korean goods and services in international markets. To this end, we have introduced financing facilities and implemented lending policies that are responsive to the needs of Korean exporters.

 

Our primary purpose, as stated in the KEXIM Act, is to “promote the sound development of the national economy and economic cooperation with foreign countries by extending the financial aid required for export and import transactions, overseas investment and the development of natural resources abroad.” Over the years, we have developed various financing facilities and lending policies that are consistent with the Government’s overall economic policies. In the latter part of the 1980s, as a result of changing trade conditions and the increased internationalization of the Korean economy, overseas investment credits and import credits were promoted and began to constitute an important portion of our business. In recent years, we have focused on the development of new financing facilities, including structured financing for ships and project financing for the construction of industrial plants and the development of natural resources abroad.

 

As of December 31, 2006, we had (Won)15,051 billion of outstanding loans, including (Won)9,818 billion of outstanding export credits, (Won)3,212 billion of outstanding overseas investment credits and (Won)1,300 billion of outstanding import credits, as compared to (Won)12,189 billion of outstanding loans, including (Won)8,065 billion of outstanding export credits, (Won)2,227 billion of outstanding overseas investment credits and (Won)1,195 billion of outstanding import credits as of December 31, 2005.

 

Although our management has control of our day-to-day operations, our operations are subject to the close supervision of the Government. The Government’s determination each fiscal year regarding the amount of financial support to extend to us, in the form of loans, contributions to capital or transfers of our income to reserves, plays an important role in determining our lending capacity. The Government has the power to appoint or dismiss our President, Deputy President, Executive Directors and Auditor. Moreover, the Minister of Finance and Economy of the Republic has, on behalf of the Republic, signed the registration statement of which this Prospectus forms a part.

 

The Government supports our operations pursuant to Article 37 of the KEXIM Act. Article 37 of the KEXIM Act provides that “the annual net losses of the Export-Import Bank of Korea shall be offset each year by the reserve, and if the reserve be insufficient, the Government shall provide funds to cover the deficit.” As a result of the KEXIM Act, the Government is generally responsible for our operations and is legally obligated to replenish any deficit that arises if our reserves, consisting of our surplus and capital surplus items, are insufficient to cover any of our annual net losses. In light of the above, if we have insufficient funds to make any payment under any of our obligations, including the debt securities covered by this prospectus, the Government would take appropriate steps, such as by making a capital contribution, by allocating funds or by taking other action, to enable us to make such payment when due. The provisions of Article 37 do not, however, constitute a direct guarantee by the Government of our obligations, and the provisions of the KEXIM Act, including Article 37, may be amended at any time by action of the National Assembly.

 

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Capitalization

 

As of December 31, 2006, our authorized capital was (Won)4,000 billion and capitalization was as follows:

 

     December 31, 2006(1)
     (billions of Won)

Long-Term Debt(2)(3)(4)(5) :

  

Borrowings in Korean Won

   (Won) —  

Borrowings in Foreign Currencies

     —  

Export-Import Financing Debentures

     6,513.5
      

Total Long-term Debt

     6,513.5
      

Capital and Reserves:

  

Paid-in Capital(6)

     3,305.8

Legal Reserve(7)

     176.6

Voluntary Reserve(7)

     496.6

Unappropriated Retained Earnings

     168.3

Capital Adjustments

     612.6
      

Total Capital and Reserve

   (Won) 4,759.9
      

Total Capitalization(7)

   (Won) 11,273.4
      

(1)   Except as described in this prospectus, since December 31, 2006, there has been no material adverse change in our capitalization.
(2)   We have translated borrowings in foreign currencies into Won at the rate of (Won)929.6 to US$1.00, which was the market average exchange rate, as announced by the Seoul Monetary Brokerage Services Ltd., on December 31, 2006.
(3)   As of December 31, 2006, we had contingent liabilities totaling (Won)45,707.8 billion, which consisted of (Won)22,313.6 billion under outstanding guarantees and acceptances and (Won)23,394.2 billion under contingent guarantees and acceptances issued on behalf of our clients. For further information relating to our contingent liabilities under outstanding guarantees as of December 31, 2006, see “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005 – Note 12”. See also “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Notes 15” for a description of our commitments and contingencies as of December 31, 2006.
(4)   As of December 31, 2006, we had entered into 60 interest rate related derivative contracts with an aggregate notional amount of (Won)5,452 billion and 38 currency related derivative contracts with an aggregate notional amount of (Won)2,035 billion in accordance with our policy to hedge interest rate and currency risks. See “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 15”.
(5)   See “Sources of Funding” for an explanation of these sources of funds. All the borrowings of the Bank, whether domestic or international, are unsecured and unguaranteed.
(6)   Authorized ordinary share capital is (Won)4,000 billion and issued fully-paid ordinary share capital is (Won)3,306 billion. See “Government Support and Supervision—Government Support”.
(7)   See “Government Support and Supervision” for a description of the manner in which annual net income is transferred to the legal reserve and may be transferred to the voluntary reserve.

 

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Business

 

Purpose and Authority

 

We were established in 1976 as a special governmental financial institution pursuant to the KEXIM Act. The KEXIM Act, the Enforcement Decree of the KEXIM Act (the “KEXIM Decree”) and our Articles of Incorporation (the “By-laws”) define and regulate our powers and authority. We are treated as a special juridical entity under Korean law and are not subject to certain of the laws regulating activities of commercial banks.

 

We were established, as stated in the KEXIM Act, to “promote the sound development of the national economy and economic cooperation with foreign countries by extending the financial aid required for export and import transactions, overseas investment and the development of natural resources abroad.” As an instrument in serving the Government’s public policy objectives, we do not seek to maximize our profits. We do, however, strive to maintain an adequate level of profitability to strengthen our equity base in order to support the growth in the volume of our business.

 

Our primary purpose has been the provision of loans to facilitate Korean exports of capital goods and technical services. Most of our activities have been carried out pursuant to this authority and we characterize such loans as export credits. In September 1998, the Government amended the KEXIM Act and KEXIM Decree to expand the types of goods eligible for export credits that we may extend to include non-capital goods and to permit us to provide certain trade financing for transactions that require less than six months for completion.

 

We have the authority to undertake a range of other financial activities. These fall into three principal categories:

 

   

overseas investment credits;

 

   

import credits; and

 

   

guarantee facilities.

 

Overseas investment credits consist of loans to finance Korean overseas investments and projects. Import credits include the extension of loans to finance Korean imports of essential materials and natural resources. Guarantee facilities are made available to support the obligations of Korean exporters and importers.

 

We also have the authority to administer, on behalf of the Government, the Government’s Economic Development Cooperation Fund and the Inter-Korea Cooperation Fund, formerly known as South and North Korea Co-operation Fund.

 

We may also undertake other business activities incidental to the foregoing, including currency and interest rate swap transactions. We have engaged in such swap transactions for hedging purposes only.

 

Government Support and Supervision

 

The Government’s determination each fiscal year, regarding the amount of financial support to extend to us, plays an important role in determining our lending capacity. Such support has included contributions to capital, loans and transfers of our income to reserves.

 

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Our authorized capital was (Won)30 billion when the Government enacted the KEXIM Act in 1969. The National Assembly amended the KEXIM Act and increased our authorized capital to (Won)150 billion in 1974, (Won)500 billion in 1977 and (Won)1,000 billion in 1986. The Government further increased our authorized capital to (Won)2,000 billion in January 1998 and (Won)4,000 billion in September 1998.

 

As of December 31, 1996, the capital contribution from the Government was approximately (Won)686 billion, all in cash. Since 1997, the Government has made capital contributions not only in cash but also in the form of shares of common stock of Government-affiliated entities. In 1997, the Government contributed (Won)185 billion in cash and in the form of shares of common stock of KT&G (formerly known as Korea Tobacco&Ginseng Corporation). In 1998, the Government contributed (Won)805 billion in cash and in the form of shares of common stock of KT&G, Korea Electric Power Corporation and Korea Highway Corporation. From 1999 to 2004, the Government contributed (Won)1,100 billion in cash to our capital, directly and indirectly through The Bank of Korea and the Korea Development Bank.

 

In April 2005, the Government contributed (Won)500 billion in the form of shares of common stock of Korea Highway Corporation owned by the Government and (Won)20 billion in cash to our capital to further support our lending to Korean manufacturers and exporters, in accordance with the Government policy to promote the Republic’s exports by providing such entities with the funds required for the construction and export of capital goods (such as industrial plants, industrial machinery, natural resource development, information infrastructure and overseas construction projects). In addition, in July 2006, the Government contributed (Won)10 billion in cash to our capital. Taking into account these capital contributions, as of December 31, 2006, our total paid-in capital was (Won)3,306 billion, compared to (Won)3,296 billion as of December 31, 2005.

 

Pursuant to the KEXIM Act, only the Government, The Bank of Korea, the Korea Development Bank, certain designated domestic banking institutions, exporters’ associations and international financial organizations may contribute to our paid-in capital. As of December 31, 2006, the Government directly owned 60.1% of our paid-in capital and indirectly owned, through The Bank of Korea and the Korea Development Bank, 35.2% and 4.7%, respectively, of our paid-in capital. See “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 14”.

 

In addition to contributions to our capital, the Government provides funding for our financing activities. The Government, directly and through The Bank of Korea and the Korea Development Bank, has made loans available to us for our lending activities. We did not have any borrowing outstanding from the Government as of December 31, 2006.

 

The Government also supports our operation pursuant to Articles 36 and 37 of the KEXIM Act. Article 36 of the KEXIM Act and our Articles provide that we shall apply our net income earned during each fiscal year, after deduction of depreciation expense for such fiscal year, in the following manner and in order of priority:

 

   

first, 20% of such net income is transferred to our legal reserve until the total amount of our legal reserve equals the total amount of our paid-in capital;

 

   

second, if the Minister of Finance and Economy approves such distribution, the balance of any such net income, after such transfer to the legal reserve, is distributed to the institutions, other than the Government, that have contributed to our capital (up to a maximum 15% annual dividend rate); and

 

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third, the remaining balance of any such net income is distributed in whatever manner our Operations Committee determines and the Minister of Finance and Economy approves, such as additions to our voluntary reserve. As of December 31, 2006, we had a legal reserve of (Won)177 billion and a voluntary reserve of (Won)497 billion.

 

Article 37 of the KEXIM Act provides that “the annual net losses of the Export-Import Bank of Korea shall be offset each year by the reserve, and if the reserve be insufficient, the Government shall provide funds to cover the deficit.” As a result of the KEXIM Act, the Government is generally responsible for our operations and is legally obligated to replenish any deficit that arises if our reserves are insufficient to cover any of our annual net losses. In light of this provision, if we have insufficient funds to make any payment under any of our obligations, the Government would take appropriate steps by making a capital contribution, by allocating funds or by taking other action to enable us to make such payment when due. The provisions of Article 37 do not, however, constitute a direct guarantee by the Government of our obligations, and the provisions of the KEXIM Act, including Article 37, may be amended at any time by action of the National Assembly.

 

The Government closely supervises our operations including in the following ways:

 

   

the President of the Republic appoints our President upon the recommendation of the Minister of Finance and Economy;

 

   

the Minister of Finance and Economy appoints our Deputy President and Executive Directors upon the recommendation of our President;

 

   

one month prior to the beginning of each fiscal year, we must submit our proposed program of operations and budget for the fiscal year to the Minister of Finance and Economy for his approval;

 

   

the Minister of Finance and Economy must approve our operating manual, which sets out guidelines for all principal operating matters, including the range of permitted financings;

 

   

the Board of Audit and Inspection, a Government department, examines our settlement of accounts annually;

 

   

each of the Minister of Finance and Economy and the Financial Supervisory Commission has broad authority to require reports from us on any matter and to examine our books, records and other documents. On the basis of the reports and examinations, the Minister of Finance and Economy may issue any orders it deems necessary to enforce the KEXIM Act or delegate examinations to the Financial Supervisory Commission;

 

   

the Financial Supervisory Commission may supervise our operations to ensure managerial soundness based upon the KEXIM Decree and the Bank Supervisory Regulations of the Financial Supervisory Commission and may issue orders deemed necessary for such supervision;

 

   

we must submit our annual report to the Ministry of Finance and Economy within two months after the end of each fiscal year and to the National Assembly within nine months after the end of each fiscal year outlining our operations and analyzing our activities during the relevant fiscal year; and

 

   

we may amend our By-laws and operating manual only with the approval of the Minister of Finance and Economy.

 

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Selected Financial Statement Data

 

You should read the following financial statement data together with our financial statements and notes included in this prospectus:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006  
     (billions of Won)  

Income Statement Data

          

Total Interest Income

   (Won) 447.6     (Won) 370.6     (Won) 411.1     (Won) 514.1     (Won) 741.6  

Total Interest Expense

     299.1       260.0       319.3       392.3       488.6  

Net Interest Income

     148.5       110.6       91.9       121.8       253.0  

Total Revenues

     641.7       693.3       849.9       1,224.0       1,279.1  

Total Expenses

     570.8       631.8       743.6       917.7       1,047.4  

Income before Income Taxes

     70.9       61.5       106.3       306.3       231.7  

Income Tax Benefit (expense)

     (16.6 )     (17.4 )     (28.8 )     (81.8 )     (63.4 )

Net Income

     54.3       44.1       77.5       224.5       168.3  

 

     As of December 31,
     2002    2003    2004    2005    2006
     (billions of Won)

Balance Sheet Data

              

Total Loans(1)

   (Won) 9,281.7    (Won) 9,779.9    (Won) 10,127.2    (Won) 12,188.8    15,050.5

Total Borrowings(2)

     7,318.0      7,740.9      7,842.6      9,221.8    11,798.7

Total Assets

     10,606.5      11,281.6      12,170.6      15,155.8    17,448.5

Total Liabilities

     7,796.9      8,103.1      8,626.5      10,277.4    12,688.5

Total Shareholders’ Equity(3)

     2,809.6      3,178.5      3,544.1      4,878.4    4,759.9

(1)   Includes bills bought, foreign exchange bought, call loans, inter-bank loans in foreign currency and others.
(2)   Includes debentures.
(3)   Includes unappropriated retained earnings.

 

2006

 

We had net income of (Won)168.3 billion in 2006 compared to net income of (Won)224.5 billion in 2005.

 

The principal factors for the decrease in net income in 2006 compared to 2005 included:

 

   

net foreign exchange trading losses of (Won)87 billion in 2006 compared to net foreign exchange trading income of (Won)80 billion in 2005, primarily due to losses on Euro-denominated liability transactions resulting from the appreciation of the Euro against the Won and losses on Dollar-denominated asset transactions resulting from the depreciation of the Dollar against the Won; and

 

   

a decrease in gains on disposal of available-for-sale securities to (Won)184 billion in 2006 from (Won)261 billion in 2005; the (Won)261 billion gain in 2005 reflected principally the sale of our equity interest in Industrial Bank of Korea and the (Won)184 billion gain in 2006 reflected principally the sale of our equity interest in Korea Exchange Bank.

 

The above factors were partially offset by an increase in net interest income by (Won)131 billion.

 

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As of December 31, 2006, our total assets increased by 15.1% to (Won)17,448 billion from (Won)15,156 billion as of December 31, 2005, primarily due to a 23.5% increase in loans to (Won)15,051 billion as of December 31, 2006 from (Won)12,189 billion as of December 31, 2005, which was partially offset by a 20.4% decrease in securities to (Won)2,558 billion as of December 31, 2006 from (Won)3,215 billion as of December 31, 2005.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our total liabilities increased by 23.5% to (Won)12,689 billion from (Won)10,277 billion as of December 31, 2005. The increase in liabilities was primarily due to a 16.8% increase in debentures to (Won)10,012 billion as of December 31, 2006 from (Won)8,571 billion as of December 31, 2005 and a 174.5% increase in borrowings to (Won)1,787 billion as of December 31, 2006 from (Won)651 billion as of December 31, 2005.

 

The increase in assets and liabilities is primarily due to an increase in the volume of loans and debt. The appreciation of the Won against the Dollar in 2006 compared to 2005 partially offset the effect of the increase in the volume of loans and debt, as a majority of our assets and liabilities consisted of foreign currency loans and debt.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our total shareholders’ equity decreased by 2.4% to (Won)4,760 billion from (Won)4,878 billion as of December 31, 2005 due to a decrease in valuation gains on available-for-sale securities and securities under the equity method by (Won)283 billion, which offset an increase in paid-in capital as a result of the Government’s (Won)10 billion capital injection and an increase in retained earnings by (Won)155 billion.

 

2005

 

We had net income of (Won)224.5 billion in 2005 compared to net income of (Won)77.5 billion in 2004.

 

The principal factors for the increase in net income in 2005 compared to 2004 included:

 

   

an increase in gains on disposal of available-for-sale securities to (Won)261 billion in 2005 from (Won)10 billion in 2004, primarily due to gain from the sale of our equity interest in Industrial Bank of Korea; and

 

   

net foreign exchange trading income of (Won)80 billion in 2005 compared to net foreign exchange trading losses of (Won)66 billion in 2004, primarily due to gains on Euro- and Yen-denominated liability transactions resulting from depreciation of the Euro and Yen against the Won.

 

The above factors were partially offset by new provision for loan losses of (Won)140 billion in 2005.

 

As of December 31, 2005, our total assets increased by 24.5% to (Won)15,156 billion from (Won)12,171 billion as of December 31, 2004, primarily due to a 20.4% increase in loans to (Won)12,189 billion as of December 31, 2005 from (Won)10,127 billion as of December 31, 2004.

 

As of December 31, 2005, our total liabilities increased by 19.1% to (Won)10,277 billion from (Won)8,627 billion as of December 31, 2004. The increase in liabilities was primarily due to a 27.1% increase in debentures to (Won)8,571 billion as of December 31, 2005 from (Won)6,744 billion as of December 31, 2004, which was partially offset by a 40.8% decrease in borrowings to (Won)651 billion as of December 31, 2005 from (Won)1,099 billion as of December 31, 2004.

 

The increase in assets and liabilities is primarily due to an increase in the volume of loans and debt. The appreciation of the Won against the Dollar in 2005 compared to 2004 partially offset the

 

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effect of the increase in the volume of loans and debt, as a majority of our assets and liabilities consisted of foreign currency loans and debt.

 

As of December 31, 2005, our total shareholders’ equity increased by 37.6% to (Won)4,878 billion from (Won)3,544 billion as of December 31, 2004 due to an increase in paid-in capital as a result of the Government’s (Won)520 billion capital injection and an increase in retained earnings by (Won)223 billion as well as an increase in valuation gains on available-for-sale securities and securities under the equity method by (Won)591 billion.

 

Operations

 

Loan Operations

 

Our primary objective since our establishment has been to promote the export and competitiveness of Korean goods and services in international markets. To this end, we have introduced various financing facilities and implemented lending policies that are responsive to the needs of Korean exporters and foreign importers. Over the years, we have also developed financing facilities and lending policies that are consistent with the Government’s overall economic policies. In the latter part of the 1980s, as a result of changing trade conditions and the increased internationalization of the Korean economy, overseas investment credits and import credits were promoted and began to constitute an important portion of our business. Our lending programs include (1) export credits to Korean exporters or foreign buyers of Korean goods and services, (2) overseas investment credits to Korean firms and (3) import credits to Korean importers.

 

Before approving a credit, we consider:

 

   

economic benefits to the Republic;

 

   

the industry’s rank in the order of priorities established by the Government’s export-import policy;

 

   

credit risk associated with the loans to be extended; and

 

   

the goal of diversifying our lending activities.

 

The KEXIM Act and the By-laws provide that we may extend credit only where repayment “is considered probable.” Accordingly, we carefully investigate the financial position of each prospective borrower and the technical and financial aspects of the project to be financed, and a loan is made only if we believe there is reasonable assurance of repayment. See “Credit Policies, Credit Approval and Risk Management?Credit Approval”.

 

We are currently required by the KEXIM Act and the KEXIM Decree to make loans with original maturities of not more than 25 years. The overall average life of our loans is approximately 3 years.

 

In 2006, we provided total loans of (Won)16,812 billion, an increase of 11.5% from the previous year, while our loan commitments amounted to (Won)19,699 billion, an increase of 14.6% from the previous year. The increase in loan disbursements was attributable mainly to increases in disbursements of overseas investment credits, which increased by 55.1% from the previous year. The increase in disbursements of overseas investment credits was due to the growth of natural resources development projects by Korean firms in 2006.

 

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The following table sets out the total amounts of our outstanding loans, categorized by type of credit:

 

    As of December 31,  
    2004   2005   2006   As % of 2006 Total  
    (billions of Won)      

Export Credits(1)

       

Ships

  (Won) 1,297.6   (Won) 2,069.0   (Won) 3,249.3   21.6 %

Industrial Plants

    1,830.7     1,850.2     2,205.6   14.7  

Machinery

    317.1     406.9     352.7   2.3  

Foreign Exchange Bought

    384.4     637.7     616.0   4.1  

Trade Bill Rediscount

    632.6     565.4     776.8   5.2  

Others(2)

    2,008.9     2,535.7     2,617.2   17.4  
                       

Sub-total

    6,471.3     8,064.9     9,817.6   65.3  
                       

Overseas Investment Credits

    1,489.8     2,226.9     3,211.9   21.3  

Import Credits

    1,110.2     1,194.5     1,300.0   8.6  

Others(3)

    369.6     351.6     342.4   2.3  

Call Loans and Inter-bank Loans in Foreign Currency

    686.3     350.9     378.6   2.5  
                       

Total

  (Won) 10,127.2   (Won) 12,188.8     15,050.5   100.0  
                       

(1)   Includes bills bought.
(2)   Includes interbank export loans, offshore loans, etc.
(3)   Includes domestic usance, loans for debt-equity swap, advances for customers, etc.

Source: Internal accounting records

 

The following table sets out our new loan commitments, categorized by type of credit:

 

New Loan Commitments by Type of Credit

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2004   2005   2006   As % of 2006 Total  
    (billions of Won)      

Export Credits(1)

       

Ships

  (Won) 4,861.3   (Won) 3,051.6   (Won) 2,643.2   13.4  

Industrial Plants

    948.9     1,764.1     1,327.6   6.7  

Machinery

    737.2     625.0     918.7   4.7  

Foreign Exchange Bought

    1,280.9     2,156.0     2,417.0   12.3  

Trade Bill Rediscount

    1,759.8     1,844.1     2,487.6   12.6  

Others(2)

    3,087.5     4,256.5     4,983.4   25.3  
                       

Sub-total

    12,675.6     13,697.3     14,777.5   75.0  
                       

Overseas Investment Credits

    1,387.3     1,937.8     2,410.0   12.2  

Import Credits

    1,467.4     1,548.3     2,511.4   12.8  
                       

Total

  (Won) 15,530.3   (Won) 17,183.4   (Won) 19,698.9   100.0 %
                       

(1)   Includes bills bought.
(2)   Includes interbank export loans, offshore loans, etc.

Source: Internal accounting records

 

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Export Credits

 

We offer export credits to either domestic suppliers or foreign buyers to finance export transactions.

 

Export Credits to domestic suppliers include:

 

   

export loans to Korean exporters that export capital goods such as ships, industrial plants and machinery;

 

   

pre-shipment credit to Korean exporters or manufacturers producing export products;

 

   

technical service credit to Korean companies that export technical services abroad, including overseas construction projects;

 

   

short-term trade financing to Korean exporters that manufacture export goods under short-term export contracts;

 

   

small business export credit to small and medium-sized enterprises that manufacture export goods or supply materials needed by their primary exporters;

 

   

rediscount on trade bills to domestic commercial banks for exporters;

 

   

forfeiting to Korean exporters by discounting trade bills under the usance line of credit from export transactions on a non-recourse basis; and

 

   

export factoring to Korean exporters by discounting trade receivables that occurs from open account export transactions on credit on a non-recourse basis.

 

Export credits to foreign buyers include:

 

   

direct loans to foreign buyers that purchase Korean goods and services;

 

   

project finance to foreign companies that intend to import industrial plants, facilities and technical services from Korea for large-scale projects, of which the cash flows from such projects are the main source for repayment;

 

   

structured finance to foreign shipping companies that purchase ships from Korean shipyards, of which the repayment usually depends on the cash flows generated by the operation of ships; and

 

   

interbank export loans to creditworthy banks in foreign countries to help foreign buyers obtain credit for the purchase of goods and services of Korean origin.

 

As of December 31, 2006, export credits in the amount of (Won)9.817.6 billion represented 65.3% of our total outstanding loans.

 

Our new commitments for export credits in 2006 amounted to (Won)14,777.5 billion, an increase of 7.9% from (Won)13,697.3 billion in 2005. This increase in new commitments for export credits was due to an increase in demand for loan financing from both domestic exporters and foreign importers.

 

We offer export credits to Korean manufacturers and exporters in order to provide them with the funds required for the construction and export of Korean capital goods and technical services designated in our operating manual. Capital goods eligible for export credit financings currently include ships, industrial plants, industrial machinery and overseas construction projects. With respect

 

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to eligible items supported by our export credits, ships have traditionally had the largest share of our export credit operations. In September 1998, the Government amended the KEXIM Act to expand the types of goods eligible for our export credits to include non-capital goods.

 

We offer export loans and technical service credits to domestic suppliers at fixed (no less than the Commercial Interest Reference Rate) or floating rates of interest with maturities of up to twelve years for ships and maturities of varying terms, from two to fifteen years, for financings of other eligible items. We typically require a minimum down payment of 20% of the contract amount for ship export financings and a minimum down payment of 15% for financings of other eligible items. When the credit rating of a prospective borrower does not meet our internal rating criteria, these export credits are secured by promissory notes issued in connection with the relevant transaction, or letters of guarantees or letters of credit issued or confirmed by a creditworthy international bank or the importer’s government or central bank. Other terms and conditions under such export credit facilities must be in accordance with the Arrangement on Guidelines for Officially Supported Export Credits by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. We offer direct loans to foreign buyers, project finance to project companies and structured finance for ships to foreign shipping companies under similar terms and conditions as export credit financings to domestic suppliers. We offer interbank export loans to overseas banks to facilitate imports by foreign importers of Korean manufactured goods. Interbank export loans are offered at fixed or floating rates of interest with maturities of up to ten years.

 

Overseas Investment Credits

 

We extend overseas investment credits to either Korean companies or foreign companies in which a Korean company has an equity share, to finance investments in eligible overseas businesses and projects. Such financing programs include:

 

   

overseas investment credit to Korean companies that invest abroad in the form of capital subscription, acquisition of stocks and long-term credit;

 

   

overseas project credit to Korean companies or their overseas subsidiaries engaging in businesses outside Korea;

 

   

major resources development credit to Korean companies for development of natural resources and acquisition of mining rights abroad; and

 

   

overseas business credit to foreign companies in which Korean companies have an equity stake, in the form of funds for purchasing equipment or working capital.

 

As of December 31, 2006, overseas investment credits amounted to (Won)3,211.9 billion, representing 21.3% of our total outstanding loans.

 

Our disbursements and commitments of overseas investment credits in 2006 increased by 55.1% to (Won)2,092.6 billion and by 24.4% to (Won)2,410.0 billion, respectively, over the previous year. Most of the overseas investment credits were loans to foreign companies in which a Korean company has an equity share.

 

Proposals for overseas investment credits to finance the acquisition of important materials or the development of natural resources for the Korean economy, as determined by the Government, are given priority, together with projects that promote the export of Korean goods and services. As a result,

 

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projects financed by our overseas investment credit program have been mainly in the fields of manufacturing or development of natural resources.

 

We offer overseas investment credits at either fixed or floating rates of interest with maturities up to 25 years (with a maximum five-year grace period on repayment). Such facilities may require security in the form of a bank guarantee, pledge or mortgage on the borrower’s local assets. Depending upon the size of the borrower, we will provide up to 100% of the financing required for the overseas investment project.

 

Import Credits

 

We offer import credits to Korean companies that directly import essential materials, natural resources and high-technology materials whose stable and timely supply is required for the national economy, or to Korean companies that import such items after developing them overseas. Import credits are extended for importation of eligible items, including nuclear fuels, aircraft, mineral ores, crude oil, lumber, wood pulp, grains, cotton, sugar, and equipment and machinery for research and development, and for use in advanced technological industries.

 

As of December 31, 2006, import credits in the amount of (Won)1,300.0 billion represented 8.8% of our total outstanding loans. New commitments and disbursements of import credits amounted to (Won)2,488.6 billion and (Won)2,511.4 billion, respectively, in 2006, an increase of 49.8% and 62.2%, respectively, over the previous year, which was mainly due to the increased demand in financing for raw materials used for export and domestic consumption. Our efforts to improve the import credit program also contributed to the increase in new commitments and disbursements of import credits, as we expanded the eligible items for import credits and launched a revolving line of credit program.

 

We offer import credits at either fixed or floating rates of interest with maturities up to ten years for equipment and machinery and shorter maturities of up to two years for other items, which may require security in the form of a bank guarantee, pledge or mortgage on the borrower’s local assets. Depending upon the size of the borrower, we will provide up to 90% of the import contract amount.

 

Guarantee Operations

 

We provide guarantees in favor of Korean commercial banks and foreign banks or foreign importers in respect of the obligations of Korean exporters in order to facilitate export and import financings. Such guarantee programs for Korean exporters and importers include (1) financial guarantees to co-financing banks that provide loans for transactions that satisfy our eligibility requirements and (2) project-related guarantees to foreign importers for the performance of Korean exporters on eligible projects in the form of bid bonds, advance payment bonds, performance bonds and retention bonds. Guarantee commitments as of December 31, 2006 amounted to (Won)45,707.8 billion, an increase of 25.1% over the previous year. Guarantees we confirmed as of December 31, 2006 totaled (Won)22,313.6 billion, an increase of 10.9% over the previous year.

 

We mainly issue project-related guarantees, which include:

 

   

advanced payment guarantees that are issued to overseas importers of Korean goods and services to support obligations to refund down payments made to Korean exporters in the event of a failure to deliver the goods to be exported; and

 

   

performance guarantees that are issued to foreign importers to support the performance by Korean exporters of their contractual obligations.

 

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In 2006, we issued project related confirmed guarantees in the amount of (Won)13,943.2 billion, an increase of 9.1% over the previous year, which was mainly due to an increased need for advance payment guarantees arising from the increasingly active shipbuilding sector.

 

We also issue letters of credit to foreign exporters to assist in the financing of projects approved in connection with import credit loans, and to Korean exporters to assist in the financing of projects approved in connection with export credit loans.

 

For further information regarding our guarantee and letter of credit operations, see “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 12”.

 

Government Account Operations

 

Economic Development Co-operation Fund

 

In 1987, the Government established the Economic Development Co-operation Fund (the “EDCF”) to provide loans, at concessional interest rates, to governments or agencies of developing countries for projects that contribute to industrial development or economic stabilization of such countries. We administer the EDCF on behalf of the Government and are responsible for project appraisal, documentation and administrative work relating to the EDCF Loans. The EDCF business accounts are maintained separately from our own account on behalf of the Government, and we derive no separate income or expenditures from our operation of the EDCF business. Government contributions constitute the primary funding source of the EDCF. Loan disbursements by the EDCF in 2006 amounted to (Won)136 billion for 25 projects in 19 countries, a decrease of 17.1% from the previous year. As of December 31, 2006, the total outstanding loans extended by the EDCF was (Won)1,425 billion, an increase of 8.3% from the previous year

 

Inter-Korea Co-operation Fund

 

In 1991, the Government established the Inter-Korea Cooperation Fund (the “IKCF”), formerly known as South and North Korea Co-operation Fund, to promote mutual exchanges and co-operation between the Republic and North Korea by engaging in funding and financing activities to support exchange of home visits, cultural activities, sports, academic co-operation, trade and economic co-operation between the two countries. We administer the IKCF under the initiative and policy direction of the Ministry of Unification. The IKCF business accounts are maintained separately from our own account. Government contributions constitute the primary funding source of the IKCF. The IKCF disbursements during 2006 amounted to (Won)471 billion for 176 projects, and cumulative total disbursements as of December 31, 2006 were (Won)4,463 billion, an increase of 11.8% from (Won)3,992 billion as of December 31, 2005.

 

Other Operations

 

We engage in various other activities related to our financing activities.

 

Activities in which we currently engage include:

 

   

country information services performed by the Overseas Economic Research Institute, which conducts country studies and country risk evaluation to assist in the efficient utilization of our financial resources;

 

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export credit advisory services, which are aimed at bringing about a larger share of overseas bidding by giving Korean exporters a wide range of knowledge on the country, industry, market and financial situation of the importing country in the early stage of the tendering process or contract negotiations;

 

   

consulting services by in-house professionals including lawyers, accountants and regional experts who consult on international transactions; and

 

   

management of Korea’s foreign direct investment database.

 

Description of Assets and Liabilities

 

Except where expressly indicated otherwise, loans in Won and loans in foreign currencies are collectively referred to as the “Loans”. Bills bought, foreign exchange bought and advances for customers are collectively referred to as the “Other Loans”. Loans and Other Loans are collectively referred to as the “Loan Credits”. Confirmed guarantees and acceptances are collectively referred to as the “Guarantees”. Loan Credits and Guarantees are collectively referred to as the “Credit Exposure”.

 

Total Credit Exposure

 

We extend credits to support export and import transactions, overseas investment projects and other relevant products in various forms including loans and guarantees.

 

The following table sets out our Credit Exposure as of December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, categorized by type of exposure extended:

 

          As of December 31,  
          2004     2005     2006  
          (billions of Won, except for percentages)  

A

  

Loans in Won

   (Won) 1,818     6.5 %   (Won) 2,479     7.8 %   (Won) 3,084     8.4 %

B

  

Loans in Foreign Currencies

     6,937     24.6       8,554     27.0       10,855     29.6  

C

  

Loans (A+B)

     8,755     31.1       11,034     34.8       13,939     38.0  

D

  

Other Loans

     686     2.4       804     2.5       733     2.0  

E

  

Call Loans and Inter-bank Loans in Foreign Currency

     686     2.4       351     1.1       379     1.0  

F

  

Loan Credits (C+D+E)

     10,127     35.9       12,189     38.4       15,051     41.0  

G

  

Allowances for Possible Loan Losses

     (396 )   (1.4 )     (518 )   (1.6 )     (601 )   (1.6 )

H

  

Present Value Discount (PVD)

     (61 )   (0.2 )     (52 )   (0.2 )     (43 )   (0.1 )

I

  

Loan Credits including PVD (F-G-H)

     9,670     34.3       11,619     36.6       14,407     39.3  

J

  

Guarantees

     18,508     65.7       20,116     63.4       22,314     60.7  

K

  

Credit Exposure (I+J)

     28,178     100.0       31,735     100.0       36,721     100.0  

 

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Loan Credits by Geographic Area

 

The following table sets out the total amount of our outstanding Loan Credits (excluding call loans and inter-bank loans in foreign currency) as of December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, categorized by geographic area(1) :

 

     As of December 31(1)(2),  
     2004    2005    2006    As % of
2006 Total
 
     (billions of Won)  

Asia

   (Won) 3,982    (Won) 5,194      5,802    39.6 %

Europe

     1,484      2,466      3,830    26.1  

Middle East

     1,246      1,708      2,020    13.8  

Central and South America

     831      748      825    5.6  

North America

     1,785      1,586      1,876    12.8  

Africa

     11      10      108    0.7  

Others

     102      126      211    1.4  
                           

Total

   (Won) 9,441    (Won) 11,838    (Won) 14,672    100.0 %
                           

(1)   For purposes of this table, export credits have been allocated to the geographic areas in which the foreign buyers of Korean exports are located; overseas investment credits have been allocated to the geographic areas in which the overseas investments being financed are located; and import credits have been allocated to the geographic areas in which the sellers of the imported goods are located.
(2)   Excludes call loans, inter-bank loans in foreign currency, and loan value adjustments.

Source: Internal accounting records.

 

We engage in business related to Iran, including transactions involving as counterparties Iranian banks that may be indirectly owned or controlled by the Iranian government. The U.S. State Department has designated Iran as a state sponsor of terrorism, and U.S. law generally prohibits U.S. persons from doing business in Iran. We are a Korean bank and our activities with respect to Iran have not involved any U.S. person in either a managerial or operational role and have been subject to policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with applicable Korean laws and regulations.

 

Our business related to Iran consists solely of extensions of credit and financing provided in connection with exports of South Korean goods and services to Iran and our disbursements of Iran-related credits are made directly to Korean suppliers or exporters except certain credits made to Iranian banks. Such activities have involved export-related credits to finance the export contracts of Korean exporters supplying goods and services to Iranian companies, credit line extensions to Iranian banks to finance consumer products exports by Korean exporters, extensions of credit through non-recourse discounting of export trade bills, and purchases of promissory notes securing export transactions. Our Loans to Iran represented 5.8%, 6.0% and 5.8% of our total assets as of December 31, 2004, December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2006, respectively, and also represented 7.0%, 7.4% and 6.7% of our Loan Credits, respectively, as of the above dates. Our total revenues from transactions with Iran in 2004, in 2005 and in 2006 represented 5.9%, 4.1% and 5.4% of our total revenues, respectively, in those periods.

 

We are aware, through press reports and other means, of initiatives by governmental entities in the U.S. and by U.S. institutions such as universities and pension funds, to adopt laws, regulations or

 

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policies prohibiting transactions with or investment in, or requiring divestment from, entities doing business with Iran. It is possible that such initiatives may result in our being unable to gain or retain entities subject to such prohibitions as customers or as investors in our debt securities. In addition, our reputation may suffer due to our association with Iran. Such a result could have significant adverse effects on our business or the price of our debt securities.

 

Individual Exposure

 

The KEXIM Decree imposes limits on our aggregate credits extended to a single person or business group. As of the date hereof, we are in compliance with such requirements.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our largest Credit Exposure was to Hyundai Heavy Industries Group Companies in the amount of (Won)8,627 billion.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our second largest and third largest Credit Exposures were to Samsung Group companies in the amount of (Won)5,569 billion and to Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering in the amount of (Won)2,974 billion.

 

The following table sets out our five largest Credit Exposures as of December 31, 2006(1):

 

Rank

  

Name of Borrower

   Loans    Guarantees    Total
          (billions of Won)

1

  

Hyundai Heavy Industries

   (Won) 59    (Won) 8,568    (Won) 8,627

2

  

Samsung

     91      5,478      5,569

3

  

Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering

     —        2,974      2,974

4

  

Hyundai Motor Co.

     735      355      1,090

5

  

Hanjin Heavy Industries Co.

     179      809      988

(1)   Includes loans and guarantees extended to affiliates.

Source: Internal accounting records.

 

In October 2003, SK Networks and its principal creditors agreed to a restructuring plan under its debt workout program which, among other things, allowed foreign creditors to cash out their debts at a buyout rate of 43% of the face value of the outstanding debt owed to them. In accordance with the decision of the creditor financial institution committee of SK Networks, (Won)201 billion of our loans to SK Networks was exchanged for equity of SK Networks, consisting of (Won)80.2 billion in common shares, (Won)85.0 billion in callable preferred shares and (Won)35.8 billion in convertible bonds.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our Credit Exposure to SK Networks and its subsidiaries amounted to (Won)564 billion and was classified as precautionary. Provisioning for such Credit Exposure was at 15.0% as of December 31, 2006. In April 2007, SK Networks graduated from its debt workout program. Accordingly, we will reclassify our Credit Exposure to SK Networks and its subsidiaries as normal from the end of May 2007.

 

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The following table sets out our exposure to SK Networks as of December 31, 2006(1):

 

Classification

   Outstanding loans      Securities    Total
     (billions of Won)

Normal

     —          —        —  

Precautionary

   (Won) 213.6      (Won) 350.0    (Won) 563.6

Substandard

     —          —        —  

Doubtful

     —          —        —  

Estimated Loss

     —          —        —  
                      

Total

   (Won) 213.6      (Won) 350.0    (Won) 563.6
                      

(1)   Includes exposures to SK Networks’ overseas subsidiaries.

 

Asset Quality

 

The Supervisory Regulation of Banking Business (“Supervisory Regulation”) legislated by the Financial Supervisory Commission requires banks, including us, to analyze and classify their credits into one of five categories as normal, precautionary, substandard, doubtful or estimated loss by taking into account borrowers’ repayment capacity as well as a number of other factors including the financial position, profitability, transaction history of the relevant borrower and the value of any collateral or guarantee taken as security for the extension of credit. Categorizations are applied to all loans except call loans and interbank loans, which are classified as normal. The Supervisory Regulation also requires banks, including us, to provide the minimum rate of loan loss provision for each category. Credit categorizations and minimum reserve ratios are as follows:

 

Normal

   Credits extended to customers which, in consideration of their business and operations, financial conditions and future cash flows, do not raise concerns regarding their ability to repay the credits. 0.7% or more reserves required.

Precautionary

   Credits extended to customers (1) which, in consideration of their business and operations, financial conditions and future cash flows, are judged to have potential risks with respect to their ability to repay the credits in the future, although there have not occurred any immediate risks of default in repayment; or (2) which are in arrears for one month or more but less than three months. 7.0% or more reserves required.

Substandard

   (1) Credits extended to customers, which in consideration of their business and operations, financial conditions and future cash flows, are judged to have incurred considerable risks for default in repayment as the customers’ ability to repay has deteriorated; or (2) that portion which is expected to be collected of total credits (a) extended to customers which have been in arrears for three months or more, (b) extended to customers which are judged to have incurred serious risks due to the occurrence of final refusal to pay their promissory notes, liquidation or bankruptcy proceedings, or closure of their businesses or (c) of “Doubtful Customers” or “Estimated-loss Customers” (each as defined below). 20% or more reserves required.

 

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Doubtful

   That portion of credits in excess of the amount expected to be collected of total credits extended to (1) customers (“Doubtful Customers”) which, in consideration of their business and operations, financial conditions and future cash flows, are judged to have incurred serious risks of default in repayment due to noticeable deterioration in their ability to repay; or (2) customers which have been in arrears for three months or more but less than twelve months. 50% or more reserves required.

Estimated Loss

   That portion of credits in excess of the amount expected to be collected of total credits extended to (1) customers (“Estimated-loss Customers”), which, in consideration of their business and operations, financial conditions and future cash flows, are judged to have to be accounted as a loss as the inability to repay became certain due to serious deterioration in their ability to repay; (2) customers which have been in arrears for twelve months or more; or (3) customers which are judged to have incurred serious risks of default in repayment due to the occurrence of final refusal to pay their promissory notes, liquidation or bankruptcy proceedings, or closure of their businesses. 100% reserves required.

 

In November 2004, the Financial Supervisory Commission announced loan loss provisioning guidelines for banks, which include a requirement that banks take into account “expected loss” based on their own “historical loss” with respect to credits in establishing their allowance for loan losses, instead of establishing such allowances based on the classification of credits under the current asset classification criteria.

 

Based on the guidelines, we established new loan loss provisioning levels taking into account a borrower’s industry risk, individual credit risk and financial risk based on our system for evaluating “expected loss”. In 2005, we also modified our loan loss provisioning methodology with respect to normal loans. Loans classified as normal were categorized either as domestic loans or overseas loans. Domestic loans were further subdivided as (i) small-sized business loans, (ii) medium-sized business loans or (iii) big enterprise loans. Our loan loss provisioning level for domestic loans was established based on a basic loan loss provisioning rate and default risk level according to the term of such loan (i.e., the year of maturity). The basic loan loss provisioning rate for small and medium-sized business loans was calculated based on our system for evaluating “historical loss”. With respect to the basic loan loss provisioning rate for big enterprise loans, we did not have enough statistical data for historical loan losses with respect to such loans so we applied an average rate of other Korean banks’ provisioning levels for normal loans. Our loan loss allowance for overseas normal loans was calculated based on sovereign credit ratings and on whether a borrower was a public or private enterprise. In addition, we changed our reserve policies for confirmed acceptances and guarantees pursuant to the amended Supervisory Regulation of Banking Business. We have also established reserves for unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees since January 1, 2005. For more detailed information on modifications with respect to loan loss provisioning, see “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 2”.

 

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Asset Classifications

 

The following table provides information on our loan loss reserves:

 

     As of December 31, 2005    As of December 31, 2006
     Loan
Amount(1)
   Minimum
Reserve
Ratio
   

Loan

Loss
Reserve(2)

   Loan
Amount(1)
   Minimum
Reserve
Ratio
   

Loan

Loss
Reserve(2)

     (in billions of Won, except percentages)

Normal

   (Won) 47,555.3    0.5 %   (Won) 594.5    (Won) 59,787.3    0.7 %   (Won) 730.9

Precautionary

     750.4    2.0 %     144.4      542.9    7.0 %     126.1

Sub-standard

     36.0    20.0 %     25.8      14.9    20.0 %     6.5

Doubtful

     26.9    50.0 %     25.4      21.5    50.0 %     20.3

Estimated Loss

     7.7    100.0 %     7.7      13.1    100.0 %     13.1
                               

Total

   (Won) 48,376.3      (Won) 797.8    (Won) 60,379.7      (Won) 896.9
                               

(1)   These figures include loans (excluding interbank loans and call loans), domestic usance, bills bought, foreign exchange bought, advances for customers, confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees.
(2)   These figures include present value discount.

 

Reserves for Credit Losses

 

The following table sets out our 10 largest non-performing assets as of December 31, 2006. Non-performing assets (“NPA”) are (i) assets classified as doubtful and estimated loss, (ii) assets in delinquency of repayments of principal or interest more than three months, or (iii) assets exempted from interest payments due to restructuring or rescheduling.

 

Borrower

   Loans    Guarantees    Total
     (billions of Won)

Hyundai IT Corp.

   (Won) 9.1    —      (Won) 9.1

Choongnam Vietnam Textile Co., Ltd

     6.8    —        6.8

Banco Santos S.A.

     3.9    —        3.9

I-Texfil Ltd

     3.8    —        3.8

Government of the Russian Federation.

     2.4    —        2.4

Pioneer (Cayman) Co., Ltd.

     2.0    —        2.0

Dongjin Global Textile Corp.

     1.7    —        1.7

Ajin Paper & Packing Co.

     1.7    —        1.7

S.CAM Co., Ltd.

     1.7    —        1.7

Daewoo Electronics DE Mexico S.A.

     1.4    —        1.4
                  

Total

   (Won) 34.5    —      (Won) 34.5
                  

 

In the early 1990’s, at the direction of the Government, we extended a commodity loan in the aggregate amount of US$466 million to Vnesheconombank, the Bank for Foreign Economic Affairs of the former Soviet Union, which was guaranteed by the government of the former Soviet Union, as part of the Government’s policy to enhance economic cooperation between the two countries. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Government has been negotiating repayment terms with the government of the Russian Federation, which has agreed to assume the guarantee of the former Soviet Union in respect of the obligations of Vnesheconombank under such loan. In 1995, the two governments came to an agreement on a repayment schedule in respect of approximately half of the loan. Since the agreement was made, US$229 million of the principal was repaid.

 

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In June 2003, the two governments reached an agreement as to the rescheduling of the remaining portion of the loan and the change of the borrower from Vnesheconombank to the government of the Russian Federation. As a result, in September 2003, we upgraded the classification of the outstanding (Won)258 billion (including accrued and unpaid interest) of our exposure to the government of the Russian Federation from estimated loss to doubtful in terms of asset quality and established a 70% provisioning level for that credit exposure. In June 2004, we further upgraded the classification of our exposure to the government of the Russian Federation from doubtful to precautionary in terms of asset quality, following the continued repayment of the loan by the government of the Russian Federation in accordance with the agreed payment schedule. As of December 31, 2006, our exposure to the government of the Russian Federation amounted to (Won)204 billion and we established a 19% provisioning level for that credit exposure.

 

We cannot provide any assurance that our current level of exposure to non-performing assets will continue in the future or that any of its borrowers (including its largest borrowers as described above) is not currently facing, or in the future will not face, material financial difficulties.

 

As of December 31, 2006, the amount of our non-performing assets was (Won)44 billion, a decrease of 64.8% from (Won)125 billion as of December 31, 2005, which was mainly due to the enhanced asset quality of our assets.

 

The following table sets forth our reserves for possible credit losses as of December 31, 2005 and 2006:

 

     As of December 31,  
     2005     2006  
     (billions of Won, except for
percentages)
 

Loan Loss Reserve (A)

   (Won) 797.8     (Won) 896.9  

NPA (B)(1)

     125.4       43.8  

Total Equity (C)

     4,878.4       4,759.9  

Reserve to NPA (A/B)

     636.2 %     2,047.7 %

Equity at Risk [(B-A)/C]

     —         —    

(1)   Non-performing assets, which are defined as (a) assets classified as doubtful and estimated loss, (b) assets in delinquency of repayments of principles or interests more than 3 months or (c) assets exempted from interest payments due to restructuring or rescheduling.

Source: Internal accounting records.

 

The following table sets forth our actual loan loss reserve ratios under the Financial Supervisory Commission guidelines as of December 31, 2005 and 2006:

 

Classification of Loans

   Financial Supervisory
Commission Guidelines(1)
 

Actual Reserve Coverage

(as of December 31, 2005)

   

Actual Reserve Coverage

(as of December 31, 2006)

 

Normal

   More than 0.7%   3.4 %   3.4 %

Precautionary

   More than 7.0%   16.8 %   16.8 %

Substandard

   More than 20%   43.4 %   43.5 %

Doubtful

   More than 50%   94.2 %   94.6 %

Estimated Loss

   100%   100.0 %   100.0 %

 

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(1)   Effective December 31, 2006, the Financial Supervisory Commission increased the minimum loan loss reserve ratio for normal and precautionary to 0.7% and 7.0 respectively, from 0.5% and 2.0%.

 

Investments

 

Under the KEXIM Decree, we are not allowed to hold stocks or securities of more than three years’ maturity in excess of 60% of our equity capital. However, investment in the following securities is not subject to this restriction:

 

   

Government bonds;

 

   

BOK currency stabilization bonds;

 

   

securities acquired via Government investment; and

 

   

securities acquired through investment approved by the Government, for research related to our operations or our financing.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our total investment in securities amounted to (Won)2,558 billion, representing 14.7% of our total assets. Our securities portfolio consists primarily of available-for-sale securities. Available-for-sale securities mainly comprise equity securities in Korea Exchange Bank and Industrial Bank of Korea which were recapitalized by the Government through us and equity securities in Korea Highway Corporation which were in-kind contributions made by the Government to us. In October 2005, we sold 32,000,000 shares of common stock, which represented 79.0% of our holding of common stock in Industrial Bank of Korea, for (Won)420.6 billion. In May 2006, we sold 49,134,208 shares of common stock, which represented 54.9% of our holding of common stock in Korea Exchange Bank, for (Won)417.0 billion.

 

The following table sets out the composition of our securities as of December 31, 2006:

 

Type of Investment Securities

   Amount    %  
     (billions of Won)  

Available-for-sale Securities

   (Won) 2,467.3    96.5 %

Securities held-to-maturity

     —      —    

Investments in Associates

     90.6    3.5 %
             

Total

   (Won) 2,557.9    100.0 %
             

 

For further information relating to the classification guidelines and methods of valuation for unrealized gains and losses on our securities, see “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 2”.

 

Guarantees and Acceptances and Contingent Liabilities

 

We have credit risk factors that are not reflected on the balance sheet, which include risks associated with guarantees and acceptances. Guarantees and acceptances do not appear on the balance sheet, but rather are recorded as an off-balance sheet item in the notes to the financial statements. Guarantees and acceptances include financial guarantees, project related guarantees, such as bid bond, advance payment bond, performance bond or retention bond, and acceptances and advances relating to trade financings such as letters of credit or import freight. Contingent liabilities, for which the

 

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guaranteed amounts were not finalized, appear as unconfirmed guarantees and acceptance items in the notes to the financial statements as off-balance sheet items.

 

As of December 31, 2006, we issued a total amount of (Won)22,313.6 billion in confirmed guarantees and acceptances, of which (Won)22,311.5 billion, representing 99.99% of the total amount, were classified as normal and (Won)2.2 billion, representing 0.01% of the total amount, were classified as precautionary.

 

Derivatives

 

The objective in our strategy and policies on derivatives is to actively manage and minimize our foreign exchange and interest rate risks. We do not take proprietary derivative positions. It is our policy to hedge all currency and interest rate risks wherever possible (taking into consideration the cost of hedging). We use various hedging instruments, including foreign exchange forwards and options, interest rate swaps, and cross currency swaps.

 

Under our internal trading rules that have been submitted to the Financial Supervisory Service, our policy is to engage in derivative transactions mainly for hedging our own position. As part of our total exposure management system, we monitor our exposure to derivatives and may make real-time inquiries, which enables our Risk Management Department to check our exposure on a regular basis. Under the guidelines set by the Financial Supervisory Service, we are required to submit reports on our derivatives exposure to the Financial Supervisory Service on a quarterly basis. As a measure to reduce the risk of intentional manipulation or error, we have separated responsibility for different functions such as initiation, authorization, approval, recording, monitoring and reporting to the Financial Supervisory Service. The Risk Management Department conducts regular reviews of derivative transactions to monitor any breach of compliance with the relevant regulatory requirements.

 

As of December 31, 2006, our outstanding loans made at floating rates of interest totaled approximately (Won)9,878 billion, whereas our outstanding borrowings made at floating rates of interest totaled approximately (Won)6,902 billion, including those raised in Japanese yen, Singapore dollars, Hong Kong dollars, Euros and Australian dollars and swapped into U.S. dollar floating rate borrowings. As a result, we are exposed to possible interest rate risks to the extent that the amount of our loans made at floating rates of interest exceeds the amount of our borrowings made at floating rates of interest. Foreign exchange risk arises because a majority of our assets and liabilities is denominated in non-Won currencies. In order to match our currency and interest rate structure, we generally enter into swap transactions. As of December 31, 2006, we had entered into 38 currency related derivative contracts with a notional amount of (Won)2,035 billion and valuation for BIS capital ratio purposes of (Won)4.5 billion and had entered into 60 interest rate related derivative contracts with a notional amount of (Won)5,452 billion and valuation for BIS capital ratio purposes of (Won)12.1 billion. See “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 15”.

 

Sources of Funding

 

We obtain funds primarily through borrowings from the Government or governmental agencies, the issuance of bonds in both domestic and international capital markets, borrowings from domestic and foreign financial institutions, capital contributions and internally generated funds. Internally generated funds result from various activities we carried on and include principal and interest payments on our loans, fees from guarantee operations and other services, and income from marketable securities we hold.

 

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We raised a net total of (Won)17,281 billion (new borrowings plus loan repayments by our clients less repayment of our existing debt) during 2006, a 12.3% increase compared with the previous year’s (Won)15,384 billion. The total loan repayments, including prepayments by our clients, during 2006 amounted to (Won)13,422 billion, an increase of 8.6% from (Won)12,361 billion during 2005.

 

Since our establishment, borrowings from the Government have provided a substantial portion of our financial resources. As of December 31, 2003, the outstanding amount of our borrowings from the Government was (Won)1,188 billion, which consisted of (Won)110 billion in Won and (Won)1,078 billion in foreign currencies. In 2004, we repaid all of the amounts borrowed from the Government and as of December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, we had no outstanding borrowings from the Government. Instead, we issued Won-denominated domestic bonds in the aggregate amount of (Won)500 billion and (Won)680 billion during 2005 and 2006, respectively.

 

We have diversified our funding sources by borrowing from various overseas sources and issuing long-term floating-rate notes and fixed-rate debentures in the international capital markets. These issues were in foreign currencies, including Dollars, Japanese Yen, Euro, British Pound, Hong Kong Dollar, Singapore Dollar and Brazilian Real and have original maturities ranging from one to ten years. During 2006, we issued eurobonds in the aggregate principal amount of US$2,476 million in various types of currencies under our existing Euro medium term notes program (the “EMTN Program”), a 257.3% increase compared with the previous year’s US$693 million. These bond issues consisted of offerings of US$1,460 million, HK$3,219 million, Singapore $540 million, British Pound 15 million, Euro 25 million and Brazilian Real 400 million. In addition, we issued global bonds during 2006 in the aggregate amount of US$600 million and Euro 325 million under our U.S. shelf registration statement (the “U.S. Shelf Program”), a 31.5% decrease compared with the previous year’s US$1,500 million. As of December 31, 2006, the outstanding amounts of such notes and debentures were US$8,125 million, Euro 775 million, British Pound 28 million, Singapore $590 million, HK$3,219 million and Brazilian Real 400 million. In January 2007, we issued eurobonds in the aggregate principal amount of CHF 350 million pursuant to the EMTN Program and in February 2007, we issued global bonds in the aggregate principal amount of Euro 750 million pursuant to the U.S. Shelf Program.

 

Our credit rating by rating agencies in connection with issuances of debt securities in the international capital markets has historically been identical to that of the Government. See “The Republic of Korea—The Economy—Economic Developments since 1997—Credit rating changes” for the Government’s credit ratings. However, in August 2006, Moody’s Investor Service, Inc., or Moody’s, implemented a revised rating methodology for government-related financial institutions which relies on the “local currency deposit ceiling” of a country, instead of the applicable government bond rating used under the previous methodology, in assessing a government’s ability to extend financial support to a troubled institution. The Republic’s local currency deposit ceiling is rated higher than the Government’s bond rating. As a result, following a review prompted by the change in rating methodology, Moody’s announced on October 30, 2006 that it had upgraded our long-term currency debt rating from A3 to Aa3.

 

We also borrow from foreign financial institutions in the form of loans that are principally made by syndicates of commercial banks at floating or fixed interest rates and in foreign currencies, with original maturities ranging from one to ten years. As of December 31, 2006, the outstanding amount of such borrowings from foreign financial institutions decreased to (Won)23 billion from (Won)153 billion as of December 31, 2005.

 

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Our paid-in capital has increased from time to time since our establishment. From April 1997 to December 2006, the Government contributed (Won)2,620 billion to our capital. As of December 31, 2006, our total paid-in capital amounted to (Won)3,306 billion, and the Government, The Bank of Korea and the Korea Development Bank owned 60.1%, 35.2% and 4.7%, respectively, of our paid-in capital.

 

In connection with our fund raising activities, we have from time to time sold third parties promissory notes, including related guarantees, acquired as collateral in connection with export credit financings.

 

The KEXIM Act provides that the aggregate outstanding principal amount of all of our borrowings, including the total outstanding export-import financing debentures we issued in accordance with the KEXIM Decree, may not exceed an amount equal to thirty times the sum of our paid-in capital plus our reserves. As of December 31, 2006, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of our borrowings (including export-import financing debentures), (Won)11,799 billion, was equal to 9.5% of the authorized amount of (Won)124,420 billion.

 

We are not permitted to accept demand or time deposits.

 

Each year we must submit to the Government for its approval an operating plan which includes our target levels for different types of funding. The following table is the part of the operating plan dealing with fund-raising for 2007:

 

Sources of Fund

   (billions of Won)

Capital Contribution

   (Won) 5

Borrowings

     7,305

Collection of Loans

     14,075

Repayment of Debts

     3,615
      

Net Collection of Loans

     10,460

Others

     230
      

Total

   (Won) 18,000
      

 

Debt

 

Debt Repayment Schedule

 

The following table sets out the principal repayment schedule for our debt outstanding as of December 31, 2006:

 

Debt Principal Repayment Schedule

 

     Maturing on or before December 31,

Currency (1)

   2007    2008    2009    2010    Thereafter
     (billions of won)

Won

   680    —      —      —      —  

Foreign

   2,978    969    1,615    837    3,093
                        

Total Won Equivalent

   3,658    969    1,615    837    3,093
                        

(1)   Borrowings in foreign currency have been translated into Won at the market average exchange rates on December 31, 2006, as announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Services Ltd.

 

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Normally we determine the level of our foreign currency reserves based upon an estimate, at any given time, of aggregate loan disbursements to be made over the next two to three months. Our average foreign currency reserves in 2005 and 2006 were approximately US$388 million and US$279 million, respectively. Although we currently believe that such reserves, together with additional borrowings available under our uncommitted short-term backup credit facilities and commercial paper programs, will be sufficient to repay our outstanding debt as it becomes due, there can be no assurance that we will continue to be able to borrow under such credit facilities, or that the devaluation of the Won will not adversely affect our ability to access funds sufficient to repay our foreign currency denominated indebtedness in the future. In addition to maintaining sufficient foreign currency reserves, we monitor the maturity profile of our foreign currency assets and liabilities to ensure that there are sufficient maturing assets to meet our liabilities as they become due. As of December 31, 2006, our foreign currency assets maturing within six months and one year exceeded our foreign currency liabilities coming due within such periods by US$410 million and US$88 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2006, our foreign currency liabilities coming due within 3 months exceeded our foreign currency assets maturing within such periods by US$338 million and our total foreign currency liabilities exceeded our total foreign currency assets by US$51 million. As of March 31, 2007, our foreign currency assets maturing within three months, six months and one year exceeded our foreign currency liabilities coming due within such periods by US$863 million, US$1,279 million and US$870 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2007, our total foreign currency liabilities exceeded our total foreign currency assets by US$23 million.

 

Debt Record

 

We have never defaulted in the payment of principal of, or interest on, any of our obligations.

 

Credit Policies, Credit Approval and Risk Management

 

Credit Policies

 

The Credit Policy Department functions as our centralized policy-making and planning division with respect to our lending activities. The Credit Policy Department formulates and revises our internal regulations on loan programs, sets basic lending guidelines on a country basis and gathers data from our various operating groups and produces various internal and external reports.

 

Credit Approval

 

We have multiple levels of loan approval authority, depending on the loan amount and other factors such as the nature of the credit, the conditions of the transaction, and whether the loan is secured. Our Executive Board of Directors can approve loans of any amount. The Chief Executive Committee, Credit Committee, Loan Officer Committee, Director Generals and Directors (Team Heads) each have authority to approve loans up to a specified amount. The amount differs depending on the type of loan and certain other factors, for example, whether a loan is collateralized or guaranteed.

 

At each level of authority, loan applications are reviewed on the basis of the feasibility of the project from a technical, financial and economic point of view in addition to evaluating the probability of recovery. In conducting such a review, the following factors are considered:

 

   

eligibility of the transaction under our financing criteria;

 

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country risk of the country of the borrower and the country in which the related project is located;

 

   

credit risk of the borrower;

 

   

a supplier’s ability to perform under the related supply contract;

 

   

legal disputes over the related project and supply contract; and

 

   

availability of collateral.

 

When the credit rating of a prospective borrower does not meet our internal rating criteria, our policy is to ensure that the loans are either guaranteed by leading international banks or governments or made on a partially or fully secured basis. Guarantees are required if the credit rating of a prospective borrower does not meet our internal rating criteria. As of December 31, 2006, approximately 14.8% of our total outstanding loans were guaranteed by banks or governments and made on a partially or fully secured basis.

 

Risk Management

 

Our overall risk management policy is set by the Risk Management Committee, which meets on a quarterly basis and from time to time to establish tolerance limits for various exposures, whereas the overall risk management is overseen by the Risk Management Department, which is responsible for monitoring risk exposure.

 

The Risk Management Department reports our loan portfolio to the Financial Supervisory Service on a quarterly basis. The Risk Management Department also monitors our operating groups’ compliance with internal guidelines and procedures. To manage liquidity risk, we review the strategy for the sources and uses of funds, with each division submitting projected sources and uses to the Treasury Department. The Risk Management Department and the Treasury Department continually monitor our overall liquidity and the Treasury Department prepares both weekly and monthly cashflow forecasts. Our policy is to maintain a liquidity level, which can cover loan disbursements for a period of two to three months going forward. We protect ourselves from potential liquidity squeezes by maintaining sufficient amount of liquid assets with additional back-up of short-term credit lines.

 

Our core lending activities expose us to market risk, mostly in the form of interest rate and foreign currency risks. The Risk Management Department reports six-month projections of our interest rate and foreign exchange gap positions to the Risk Management Committee on a quarterly basis. We also monitor changes in, and matches of, foreign currency assets and liabilities in order to reduce exposure to currency fluctuations.

 

One of the key components of our risk management policy, which also affects our fund-raising efforts, is to monitor matches of asset maturities and liability maturities. The average maturity as of December 31, 2006 for our Won- and foreign currency-denominated loans was five months and 37 months, respectively, and for Won- and foreign currency-denominated liabilities was five months and 34 months, respectively.

 

We follow an overall risk management process where we:

 

   

determine the risk management objectives;

 

   

identify key exposures;

 

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measure key risks; and

 

   

monitor risk management results.

 

Our risk management system is a continuous system that is frequently evaluated and updated on an ongoing basis.

 

Capital Adequacy

 

Under the Financial Supervisory Service’s guidelines on risk-adjusted capital which were introduced in consideration of the standards we set for International Settlement, all banks in Korea, including us, are required to maintain a capital adequacy ratio (Tier I and Tier II) of at least 8% on a consolidated basis. To the extent that we fail to maintain this ratio, the Korean regulatory authorities may require corrective measures ranging from management improvement recommendations to emergency measures such as disposal of assets. As of December 31, 2006, our capital adequacy ratio was 11.88%, a decrease from 13.87% as of December 31, 2005, primarily as a result of an increase in guarantees.

 

The following table sets forth our capital base and capital adequacy ratios reported as of December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006:

 

     2004     2005     2006  
     (millions of Won, except for percentages)  

Tier I

   (Won) 3,070,729     (Won) 3,979,959     (Won) 4,127,951  

Paid-in Capital

     2,775,755       3,295,755       3,305,755  

Retained Earnings

     465,838       689,189       841,692  

Deductions from Tier I Capital

     170,864       4,984       19,496  

Capital Adjustments

     —         —      

Deferred Tax Asset

     (165,349 )     (98 )     (184 )

Others

     (5,515 )     (4,886 )     (19,312 )

Tier II (General Loan Loss Reserves)

     482,261       841,633       798,772  

Deductions from all capital

     —         —         —    

Total Capital

     3,552,990       4,821,592       4,926,723  

Risk Adjusted Assets

     27,628,275       34,750,728       41,487,822  

Capital Adequacy Ratios

      

Tier I

     11.11 %     11.45 %     10.00 %

Tier I and Tier II

     12.86 %     13.87 %     11.88 %

Source: Internal accounting records.

 

Overseas Operations

 

We maintain an international presence through 12 overseas representative offices, which are located in New York, Tokyo, Beijing, Sâo Paolo, Frankfurt, Paris, Washington D.C., Shanghai, New Delhi, Dubai, Moscow and Mexico City.

 

We also has three wholly-owned subsidiaries, KEXIM Bank (UK) Ltd., London, KEXIM (Asia) Ltd., Hong Kong, and KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co., Ltd., Ho Chi Minh City. These subsidiaries are engaged in the merchant banking and lease financing businesses, and assist us in raising overseas financing. We also own 85.0% of P.T. Koexim Mandiri Finance, a subsidiary in Jakarta, which is primarily engaged in the business of lease financing.

 

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The table below sets forth brief details of our subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006:

 

    Principal Place of
Business
  Type of Business   Book Value   Bank’s Holding  
            (billions of Won)   (%)  

Kexim Bank (UK) Ltd.

  United Kingdom   Commercial Banking   (Won) 43.0   100.0 %

KEXIM (Asia) Ltd.

  Hong Kong   Commercial Banking     29.3   100.0  

P.T. Koexim Mandiri Finance

  Indonesia   Leasing and Factoring     11.7   85.0  

Kexim Vietnam Leasing Co., Ltd.

  Vietnam   Leasing and Guarantees     6.8   100.0  

 

Property

 

Our head office is located at 16-1 Yoido-Dong, Youngdeungpo-Gu, Seoul 150-996, Korea, a 34,820 square meter building completed in 1985 on a site of 9,110 square meters and owned by us. In addition to the head office, we own a staff training center located near Seoul on a site of 47,881 square meters. We also maintain 11 branches in Seoul, Pusan, Kwangju, Taegu, Changwon, Daejeon, Suwon, Inchon, Ulsan, Chungju and Jeonju. Our domestic branch offices and overseas representative offices are located in facilities held under long-term leases.

 

Management and Employees

 

Management

 

Our governance and management is the responsibility of our Board of Executive Directors, which has authority to decide important matters relating to our business. All of the members of the Board of Executive Directors are full-time executives of KEXIM. The Board of Executive Directors is chaired by our President and is comprised of seven Executive Directors consisting of the President, the Deputy President and five other Executive Directors. The President of Korea appoints our President upon the recommendation of the Minister of Finance and Economy. The Minister of Finance and Economy appoints the Deputy President and all the other Executive Directors upon the recommendation of our President. All Board members serve for three years and are eligible for re-appointment for successive terms of office.

 

The members of the Board of Executive Directors are as follows:

 

Name

   Age   

Executive Director Since

   Position

Cheon-Sik Yang

   56    September 11, 2006    Chairman and President

Jin-Ho Kim

   59    April 1, 2005    Deputy President

Jung-Jun Kim

   57    April 1, 2005    Executive Director

Sung-Uk Hong

   57    May 20, 2005    Executive Director

Tae-Sung Chung

   57    May 20, 2005    Executive Director

Yong-An Choi

   56    May 20, 2005    Executive Director

Jung-Ha Choi

   55    December 29, 2006    Executive Director

 

Our basic policy guidelines for activities are established by the Operations Committee. According to the By-laws, the Operations Committee is composed of officials nominated as follows:

 

   

President of KEXIM;

 

   

official of the Ministry of Finance and Economy, nominated by the Minister of Finance and Economy;

 

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official of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, nominated by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade;

 

   

official of the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, nominated by the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Energy;

 

   

official of the Ministry of Construction and Transportation, nominated by the Minister of Construction and Transportation;

 

   

official of the Financial Supervisory Commission, nominated by the Chairman of the Financial Supervisory Commission;

 

   

executive director of The Bank of Korea, nominated by the Governor of The Bank of Korea;

 

   

executive director of the Korea Federation of Banks, nominated by the Chairman of the Korea Federation of Banks;

 

   

representative of an exporters’ association (Korea International Trade Association), nominated by the Minister of Finance and Economy after consultation with the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Energy; and

 

   

executive director of the Korea Export Insurance Corporation established under the Export Insurance Act, nominated by the Chairman and President of the Korea Export Insurance Corporation.

 

The members of the Operations Committee are currently as follows:

 

Name

   Age    Member Since   

Position

Cheon-Sik Yang

   56    September 11, 2006    Chairman and President of KEXIM

Sung-Jin Kim

   56    September 1, 2005    Deputy Minister, Ministry of Finance and Economy

Tae-Yeol Cho

   52    January 16, 2007    Deputy Minister, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade

Suk-Woo Hong

   54    March 19, 2007    Deputy Minister, Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy

Dae-Dong Park

   56    March 28, 2007    Standing Commissioner, Financial Supervisory Commission

Han-Keun Yoon

   54    May 8, 2006    Assistant Governor, The Bank of Korea

Jang-Soo Kim

   62    February 27, 2006    Vice Chairman, The Korea Federation of Banks

Chang-Moo Yoo

   56    May 11, 2006    Executive Vice Chairman, Korea International Trade Association

Sung-Bum Park

   57    May 31, 2004    Deputy President, Korea Export Insurance Corporation

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2006, we had 665 employees. As of December 31, 2006, 343 employees were members of our labor union. We have never experienced a work stoppage of a serious nature. Every year during the fourth quarter, the management and union negotiate and enter into a collective bargaining agreement that has a one-year duration. The most recent collective bargaining agreement was entered into in December 2006.

 

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Financial Statements and the Auditors

 

The Minister of Finance and Economy appoints our Auditor who is responsible for examining our financial operations and auditing our financial statements and records. The present Auditor is Jeong-Sang Choi, who was appointed for a three-year term on April 13, 2005.

 

We prepare our financial statements annually for submission to the Minister of Finance and Economy, accompanied by an opinion of the Auditor. Although we are not legally required to have financial statements audited by external auditors, an independent public accounting firm has audited our non-consolidated financial statements commencing with such non-consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 1983 and consolidated financial statements commencing with such financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 1998. As of the date of this prospectus, our external auditor is Deloitte Anjin LLC (member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu), located at 14F, Hanwha Securities Bldg., 23-5 Yoido-Dong, Youngdeungpo-Gu, Seoul, Korea, who has audited our financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 included in this prospectus.

 

Our financial statements appearing in this prospectus were prepared in conformity with Korean law and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the Republic, summarized in “Notes to Non-Consolidated Financial Statements of December 31, 2006 and 2005—Note 2”. These principles and procedures differ in certain material respects from generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.

 

We recognize interest income on loans and debt securities on an accrual basis. However, interest income on delinquent and dishonored loans and debt securities, other than those collateralized with security deposits or guaranteed by financial institutions, is recognized on a cash basis. Interest expense is recorded on an accrual basis.

 

We classify securities that are actively and frequently bought and sold as trading securities. We classify debt securities with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities, and which we intend to hold to maturity, as held-to-maturity securities. We classify investments that are categorized as neither trading securities nor held-to-maturity securities as available-for-sale securities. We record our trading and available-for-sale securities, except for non-marketable equity securities classified as available-for-sale securities, at market value. We record our non-marketable equity securities classified as available-for-sale securities at the cost of acquisition. We record held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost. We recognize impairment losses on securities in current operations when the recoverable amounts are less than the acquisition cost of equity securities or amortized cost of debt securities.

 

We record debenture issuance costs as discounts on debentures and amortize them over the maturity period of the debentures using the effective interest method.

 

We record our equity investments in companies in which we exercise significant control or influence by using the equity method, pursuant to which we account for adjustments in the value of our investments resulting from changes to the investee’s net asset value.

 

We record the value of our premises and equipment on our balance sheet on the basis of a revaluation conducted as of July 1, 1998. The Minister of Finance and Economy approved the revaluation in accordance with applicable Korean law. We value additions to premises and equipment since such date at cost.

 

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INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT

 

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of

The Export-Import Bank of Korea:

 

We have audited the accompanying non-consolidated balance sheets of The Export-Import Bank of Korea (the “Bank”) as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related non-consolidated statements of income, appropriations of retained earnings and cash flows for the years then ended, all expressed in Korean Won. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Bank’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the Republic of Korea. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatements. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Bank as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of its operations, changes in its retained earnings and cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Republic of Korea (See Note 2).

 

Accounting principles and auditing standards and their application in practice vary among countries. The accompanying financial statements are not intended to present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows in accordance with accounting principles and practices generally accepted in countries other than the Republic of Korea. In addition, the procedures and practices used in the Republic of Korea to audit such financial statements may differ from those generally accepted and applied in other countries. Accordingly, this report and the accompanying financial statements are for use by those knowledgeable about Korean accounting procedures and auditing standards and their application in practice.

 

Deloitte Anjin LLC

Seoul, Korea

January 19, 2007

 

Notice to Readers

 

This report is effective as of January 19, 2007, the auditors’ report date. Certain subsequent events or circumstances may have occurred between the auditors’ report date and the time the auditors’ report is read. Such events or circumstances could significantly affect the accompanying financial statements and may result in modifications to the auditors’ report.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     Korean Won  
     2006     2005  
     (In millions)  
ASSETS     

Due from banks (Notes 3, 16, 20 and 22)

   (Won) 134,494     (Won) 44,047  

Securities (Notes 4, 16 and 20)

     2,557,857       3,214,932  

Loans (Notes 5, 6, 16, 20 and 21)

     15,050,506       12,188,754  

Adjustment on loans in foreign currencies (Note 5)

     (8,314 )     (7,313 )

Allowance for possible loan losses (Note 6)

     (643,400 )     (570,161 )

Fixed assets (Note 7)

     43,390       45,263  

Other assets (Notes 8 and 15)

     313,940       240,243  
                
   (Won) 17,448,473     (Won) 15,155,765  
                

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

    

LIABILITIES:

    

Borrowings (Notes 9, 16 and 20)

   (Won) 1,786,976     (Won) 651,249  

Debentures (Notes 10, 16, 20 and 21)

     10,011,761       8,570,536  

Other liabilities (Notes 2, 11, 12, 13, 15 and 19)

     889,802       1,055,592  
                
     12,688,539       10,277,377  
                

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:

    

Capital stock (Note 14)

     3,305,755       3,295,755  

Retained earnings (Net income of (Won)168,316 million in 2006 and (Won)224,491 million in 2005) (Note 14)

     841,572       687,027  

Capital adjustments (Note 4)

     612,607       895,606  
                
     4,759,934       4,878,388  
                
   (Won) 17,448,473     (Won) 15,155,765  
                

 

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

For the years ended of December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     Korean Won
     2006    2005
     (In millions)

OPERATING REVENUES:

     

Interest income (Notes 16 and 21):

     

Interest on due from banks

   (Won) 4,260    (Won) 1,949

Interest on available-for-sale securities

     761      834

Interest on held-to-maturity securities

     450      1,177

Interest on loans

     736,121      510,112
             
     741,592      514,072
             

Commission income (Note 21)

     134,321      124,227
             

Other operating income:

     

Dividends on available-for-sale securities

     8,993      6,382

Foreign exchange trading income

     22,433      94,397

Gain on financial derivatives trading

     72,433      59,626

Gain on valuation of financial derivatives (Note 15)

     97,086      70,329

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items

     12,587      53,182

Reversal of acceptance and guarantee losses (Note 12)

     —        11,366

Other operating income

     —        67
             
     213,532      295,349
             

Total operating revenues

     1,089,445      933,648
             

OPERATING EXPENSES:

     

Interest expenses (Notes 16 and 21):

     

Interest on borrowings

     22,461      13,532

Interest on call money

     32,782      11,146

Interest on debentures

     433,391      367,651
             
     488,634      392,329
             

Commission expense

     1,767      1,625
             

Other operating expenses:

     

Provision for possible loan losses (Note 6)

     123,430      140,374

Provision for acceptance and guarantee losses (Note 12)

     45,026      —  

Provision for unused credit line of loan commitments (Note 12)

     256      27,597

Foreign exchange trading losses

     109,367      13,960

Loss on financial derivatives trading

     126,136      77,551

Loss on valuation of financial derivatives (Note 15)

     16,619      138,521

Loss on valuation of fair value hedged items

     25,050      24,997

Other operating expenses

     439      17
             
     446,323      423,017
             

General and administrative expenses (Note 17)

     105,668      99,583
             

Total operating expenses

     1,042,392      916,554
             

OPERATING INCOME

     47,053      17,094
             

NON-OPERATING INCOME (Notes 4 and 18)

     189,661      290,316

NON-OPERATING EXPENSES (Notes 4 and 18)

     5,041      1,135
             

ORDINARY INCOME

     231,673      306,275

EXTRAORDINARY ITEM

     —        —  
             

NET INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX

     231,673      306,275

INCOME TAX EXPENSE (Note 19)

     63,357      81,784
             

NET INCOME

   (Won) 168,316    (Won) 224,491
             

 

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF APPROPRIATIONS OF RETAINED EARNINGS

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     Korean Won
     2006    2005
     (In millions)

RETAINED EARNINGS BEFORE APPROPRIATIONS:

     

Retained earnings carried over from prior year

   (Won) —      (Won) —  

Net income

     168,316      224,491
             
     168,316      224,491
             

APPROPRIATIONS:

     

Legal reserve

     33,663      44,898

Voluntary reserve

     117,821      165,822

Dividends (Note 14)

     16,832      13,771
             
     168,316      224,491
             

UNAPPROPRIATED RETAINED EARNINGS TO BE CARRIED FORWARD TO SUBSEQUENT YEAR

   (Won) —      (Won) —  
             

 

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the years ended of December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     Korean Won  
     2006     2005  
     (In millions)  

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net income

   (Won) 168,316     (Won) 224,491  
                

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

    

Provision for possible loan losses

     123,430       140,374  

Provision for acceptance and guarantee losses

     45,026       —    

Provision for unused credit line of loan commitments

     256       27,597  

Foreign exchange trading losses

     109,367       13,960  

Loss on financial derivatives trading

     126,136       77,551  

Loss on valuation of financial derivatives

     16,619       138,521  

Loss on valuation of fair value hedged items

     25,050       24,997  

Depreciation

     3,888       4,045  

Amortization

     1,788       1,656  

Provision for severance benefits

     6,337       6,900  

Amortization of bond discounts

     30,192       91,309  

Loss on disposal of tangible assets

     44       73  

Loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities

     4       —    

Loss on redemption of available-for-sale securities

     858       —    

Impairment loss of available-for-sale securities

     479       —    

Loss on disposal of loans

     47       —    

Other non-operating expenses

     153       —    

Foreign exchange trading income

     (22,433 )     (94,397 )

Gain on financial derivatives trading

     (72,433 )     (59,626 )

Gain on valuation of financial derivatives

     (97,086 )     (70,329 )

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items

     (12,587 )     (53,182 )

Reversal of acceptance and guarantee losses

     —         (11,366 )

Amortization of bond premium

     (1,213 )     (1,184 )

Gain on disposal of tangible assets

     (31 )     (21 )

Gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities

     (184,369 )     (260,689 )

Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method

     (4,564 )     (3,656 )

Amortization of present value discount

     (5,578 )     (8,467 )
                
     89,380       (35,934 )
                

 

(Continued)

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NON-CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

For the years ended of December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     Korean Won  
     2006     2005  
     (In millions)  

Changes in assets and liabilities resulting from operations:

    

Net increase in accrued income

   (Won) (48,572 )   (Won) (40,269 )

Net increase in deferred income tax assets

     —         (17,897 )

Net increase (decrease) in payables

     (84,787 )     67,286  

Net increase in accrued expenses

     47,842       44,962  

Net increase in deferred income tax liabilities

     27,069       —    

Net increase in deferred revenue

     27,380       33,387  

Net decrease in export taxes

     (1,419 )     —    

Payment of severance benefits

     (1,778 )     (2,329 )

Net decrease in unpaid foreign exchange liabilities

     (84,095 )     (83,943 )

Others, net

     2,753       (31,903 )
                
     (115,607 )     (30,706 )
                

Net cash provided by operating activities

     142,089       157,851  
                

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net increase in loans

     (3,009,327 )     (2,052,519 )

Net decrease in available-for-sale securities

     443,902       408,398  

Net decrease in held-to-maturity securities

     8,104       70,514  

Net decrease in securities using the equity method

     —         7,632  

Net decrease (increase) in financial derivatives

     (33,503 )     11,289  

Net increase in other assets

     (7,481 )     (6,289 )
                

Net cash used in investing activities

     (2,598,305 )     (1,560,975 )
                

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

    

Net increase (decrease) in foreign borrowings

     920,233       (344,514 )

Net increase (decrease) in call money

     215,494       (102,828 )

Net increase in debentures

     152,632       481,515  

Net increase in foreign debentures

     1,259,615       1,325,044  

Net increase in capital

     10,000       20,000  

Payment of dividends

     (13,771 )     (1,550 )
                

Net cash provided by financing activities

     2,544,203       1,377,667  
                

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN DUE FROM BANKS

     87,987       (25,457 )

DUE FROM BANKS, BEGINNING OF THE YEAR

     44,047       69,504  
                

DUE FROM BANKS, END OF THE YEAR (Note 22)

   (Won) 132,034     (Won) 44,047  
                

 

See accompanying notes to non-consolidated financial statements.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

1.    General:

 

The Export-Import Bank of Korea (the “Bank”) was established in 1976 as a special financial institution under the Export-Import Bank of Korea Act (the “EXIM Bank Act”) to engage in facilitating export and import transactions, overseas investments and overseas resources development through the extension of loans and other financial facilities. The Bank has eleven domestic branches, four overseas subsidiaries and twelve overseas offices as of December 31, 2006.

 

The Bank has (Won) 4,000,000 million of authorized capital and as of December 31, 2006, its paid-in capital is (Won) 3,305,755 million through several capital increases. The Bank is owned by the Government of the Republic of Korea (the “Government”), the Bank of Korea (“BOK”) and Korea Development Bank with 60.11%, 35.24% and 4.65% shareholding, respectively, as of December 31, 2006.

 

The Bank, as an agent of the Government, has managed The Economic Development Cooperation Fund and the Inter-Korean Cooperation Fund (the “Funds”) since June 1987 and March 1991, respectively. The Funds are managed under separate accounts from the Bank’s own accounts and not included in the accompanying non-consolidated financial statements. The related management commissions are received from the Government.

 

2.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:

 

Basis of Non-consolidated Financial Statement Presentation

 

The Bank maintains its official accounting records in Korean Won and prepares statutory non-consolidated financial statements in the Korean language (Hangul) in conformity with the accounting principles and banking accounting standards generally accepted in the Republic of Korea. Certain accounting principles and banking accounting standards applied by the Bank that conform with financial accounting standards and accounting principles in the Republic of Korea may not conform with generally accepted accounting principles and banking accounting practices in other countries. Accordingly, these non-consolidated financial statements are intended for use by those who are informed about Korean accounting principles and practices. The accompanying financial statements have been condensed, restructured and translated into English (with certain expanded descriptions) from the Korean language non-consolidated financial statements. Certain information included in the Korean language financial statements, but not required for a fair presentation of the Bank's financial position, results of operations or cash flows, is not presented in the accompanying financial statements.

 

The significant accounting policies followed by the Bank in preparing the accompanying financial statements are summarized below.

 

Interest Income Recognition

 

The Bank applies the accrual basis in recognizing interest income related to deposits, loans and securities, except for non-secured uncollectible receivables. Interest on loans, whose principal or interest is past due at the balance sheet date, is generally not accrued, with the exception of interest on certain loans secured by guarantee of governments or government agencies, or collateralized by bank

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

deposits. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, previously accrued interest is generally reversed and deducted from current interest income; and future interest income is recognized on cash basis in accordance with the accounting standards of the banking industry. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, the accrued interest income not recognized in the accompanying financial statements based on the above criteria, amounted to (Won)16,373 million and (Won)7,342 million, respectively.

 

Classification of Securities

 

At acquisition, the Bank classifies securities into one of the following categories: trading, available-for-sale, held-to-maturity and securities using the equity method, depending on marketability, acquisition purpose and ability to hold. Debt and equity securities that are bought and held for the purpose of selling them in the near term and actively traded over-the-counter are classified as trading securities. Debt securities with fixed and determinable payments and fixed maturity that an enterprise has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities. Securities that should be valuated with the equity method are classified as securities using the equity method. Debt and equity securities not classified as the above are categorized as available-for-sale securities.

 

If the objective and ability to hold securities of the Bank change, available-for-sale securities can be reclassified as held-to-maturity securities and vice-versa. However, if the Bank sells held-to-maturity securities or requires the issuer to redeem the securities early in the current year and the proceeding two years, or if it reclassifies held-to-maturity securities as available-for-sale securities, all debt securities that are owned or purchased cannot be classified as held-to-maturity securities. On the other hand, trading securities cannot be re-categorized as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity securities and the other categories cannot be reclassified as trading securities. Nevertheless, trading securities can be reclassified as available-for-sale securities only when the fair value of the trading securities cannot be readily determinable.

 

Valuation of Securities

 

(1)    Valuation of Trading Securities

 

Trading equity and debt securities are initially recognized at acquisition cost plus incidental expenses determined by the individual moving average method or individual method. When the face value of trading debt securities differs from its acquisition cost, the effective interest method is applied to amortize the difference over the remaining term of the securities. After initial recognition, trading securities are valued at fair value if the fair value of trading securities differs from its acquisition cost. The carrying value is adjusted to the fair value and the resulting valuation gain or loss is charged to current operations.

 

(2)    Valuation of Held-to-maturity Securities

 

Held-to-maturity securities are initially recognized at acquisition cost plus incidental expenses, determined by the individual method. After initial recognition, held-to-maturity securities are valued at amortized cost. The effective interest method is applied to amortize the difference between the face value and the acquisition cost over the remaining term of the securities. If

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

collectible value is below the acquisition cost and pervasive evidence of impairment exists, the carrying value is adjusted to fair value and the resulting valuation loss is charged to current operations.

 

(3)    Valuation of Available-for-sale Securities

 

Available-for-sale securities are initially recognized at acquisition cost plus incidental expenses, determined by the individual moving average method or individual method. After initial recognition, the effective interest method is applied to amortize the difference between the face value and the acquisition cost over the remaining term of the available-for-sale debt security. Available-for-sale equity securities are valued at fair value, and the net unrealized gain or loss is presented as gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities in capital adjustments. Accumulated capital adjustment of securities is charged to current operations in lump sum at the time of disposal or impairment recognition. Non-marketable equity securities are stated at acquisition cost on the accompanying financial statements if the fair value of the securities is not credibly determinable.

 

For available-for sale equity securities, if the decline in the fair value of equity securities is below the acquisition cost and pervasive evidence of impairment exists, the carrying value is adjusted to fair value and the resulting valuation loss is charged to current operations. For available-for-sale debt securities, if the decline in the collectible value of debt securities is below the amortized cost and pervasive evidence of impairment exists, the carrying value is adjusted to collectible value and the resulting valuation loss is charged to current operations. With respect to impaired securities, any unrealized valuation gain or loss of securities previously included in the capital adjustment account is reversed.

 

(4)    Valuation of Securities Using the Equity Method

 

Investments in equity securities of the investee of which the Bank is able to exercise significant influence over by participating in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee are accounted for using the equity method. The Bank’s share of the profit or the loss of the investees is recognized in the Bank’s profit or loss. If the changes in the investee’s retained earnings are generated from the investee’s correction of significant errors, of which impact on the Bank’s financial statements is not significant, the changes are reflected as gain or loss on valuation of securities using the equity method in current operations. In addition, if the changes in the investee’s retained earnings are generated from the investee’s accounting changes, the changes are reflected as positive or negative changes in retained earnings from the application of the equity method in the retained earnings of the Bank. Changes in the capital surplus or other capital accounts of the investee are reflected as positive or negative changes in capital from the application of the equity method in the capital adjustment of the Bank.

 

(5)    Recovery of Loss on Impairment of Available-for-Sale Securities and Held-to-Maturity Securities

 

For available-for-sale securities, the recovery is recorded in non-operating income up to the amount of the previously recognized impairment loss as recovery of loss on impairment of available-for-sale securities and any excess is included in the capital adjustment account as gain

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

on valuation of available-for-sale securities. However, if increase in the fair value of the impaired securities is not regarded as the recovery of the impairment, the increase in the fair value is recorded as gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities in capital adjustments. For non-marketable equity securities, which were impaired based on the net asset fair value, the recovery is recorded up to their acquisition cost. For held-to-maturity securities, the recovery is recorded in non-operating income up to the amount of the previously recognized impairment loss as recovery of loss on impairment of held-to-maturity securities.

 

(6)    Reclassification of Securities

 

When held-to-maturity securities are reclassified as available-for-sale securities, those securities are stated at the fair value on the reclassification date and the difference between the fair value and book value are accounted on the capital adjustment account as gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities. When available-for-sale securities are reclassified as held-to-maturity securities, gain or loss on valuation of available-for-sale securities, which had been recorded until the reclassification date, continue to be stated on the capital adjustment account and is amortized using the effective interest rate and charged to interest income upon maturity. The difference between the fair value on the reclassification date and face value of the securities reclassified as held-to-maturity securities is amortized using the effective interest rate and charged to interest income.

 

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The Supervisory Regulation of Banking Business (the “Supervisory Regulation”) legislated by the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) requires the Bank to classify all credits into five categories as normal, precautionary, substandard, doubtful, or estimated loss based on borrowers’ repayment capability using Forward Looking Criteria (the “FLC”) as well as past due period and status of any bankruptcy proceedings. The Supervisory Regulation also requires the Bank to provide the minimum rate of loan loss provision for each category balance using the prescribed minimum percentages. Based on the standards, the Bank generates the credit ratings considering the borrowers’ industry risk, individual credit risk and financial risk based on the FLC as follows:

 

Classification

 

Credit ratings

 

Provision rates

Normal

  P1~P6   0.70% or more

Precautionary

  SM   15% or more

Substandard

  S   40% or more

Doubtful

  D   90% or more

Estimated loss

  F   100%

 

Provisions are applied to all loans excluding call loans and inter-bank loans, which are classified as ‘normal’.

 

The Bank modified the provision method for normal loans in the prior year. Loans classified as normal have been subdivided into domestic loans and overseas loans. The former was again subdivided into small and medium-sized business loans and big enterprise loans. The allowance was assessed

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

based on the rate of basic provision and default risk by maturity (the variation of accumulated average bankruptcy rates for periods assessed by domestic credit rating agencies). The rate of basic allowance for small and medium-sized business loans was computed using the historical loss experience rate based on the loss experience for the past seven years. However, the domestic banks’ average provision rate for normal loans is applied to the allowance for big enterprise loans due to the lack of statistical significance of the difference between the historical loss experience rate and actual rate of losses on credits. The allowance for overseas normal loans is assessed based on the sovereign credit ratings and type of borrowers (public or private). The provisions are the differences between the discounted value of the sovereign loans and the present value of the risk-free loan with the same conditions. The applied rate for private business is one grade lower than the rate for the public business with the same credit risk. In addition, the Bank provided additional allowance for the top 5 businesses loan and for the 5 sovereign loans in terms of its balance whose credit ratings are lower than D+ in regards with sovereignty considering the credit centralization risk in terms of borrowers’ sovereignty and business.

 

Pursuant to the amended Supervisory Regulation, the Bank changed the provision method of allowance for loan losses on the confirmed acceptance and guarantee. The Bank additionally provided allowance for unconfirmed acceptance and guarantee, and for unused credit line of loan commitments since January 1, 2005. Due to the aforementioned changes, allowance for loan losses and unused credit line of loan commitments increased by (Won) 186,852 million and (Won) 27,597 million, respectively and allowance for loan losses on confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees decreased by (Won) 40,607 million as of December 31, 2005, and income before income tax decreased by (Won)173,842 million in 2005.

 

Restructuring of Loans

 

The equity interest in the debtors, net of real estates and/or other assets received as full or partial satisfaction of the Bank’s loans, collected through reorganization proceedings, court mediation or debt restructuring agreements of parties concerned, is recorded at fair value at the time of the restructuring. In cases where the fair value of the assets received are less than the book value of the loan (book value before allowances), the Bank offsets first the book value against allowances for loans and then recognizes provisions for loans. Impairment losses for loans that were restructured in a troubled debt restructuring involving a modification of terms are computed by the difference between the present value of future cash flows under debt restructuring agreements discounted at effective interest rates at the time when loans are originated and the book value before allowances for loans. If the amount of allowances already established is less than the impairment losses under the workout plans, the Bank establishes additional allowances for the difference. Otherwise, the Bank reverses the allowances for loan losses.

 

Valuation of Receivables and Payables at Present Value

 

Receivables and payables incurred through long-term installment transactions, long-term borrowing and lending transactions, and other similar transactions are stated at the present value of expected future cash flows, unless the difference between nominal value and present value is immaterial. Present value discount or premium is amortized using the effective interest rate method and credited or charged to interest income or interest expense.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Valuation and Depreciation of Tangible Assets

 

Tangible assets included in fixed assets are stated at acquisition cost or production cost including the incidental expenses and capital expenditures, except for assets revalued upward in accordance with the Asset Revaluation Law of Korea. Routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Expenditures that result in the enhancement of the value or extension of the useful lives of the facilities involved are capitalized as additions to tangible assets.

 

Depreciation is computed using the declining-balance method (straight-line method for buildings purchased since January 1, 1995 and leasehold improvements) based on the estimated useful lives of the assets as prescribed by the Corporate Income Tax Law of Korea as follows:

 

     Years

Buildings

   10~60

Vehicles

   4

Furniture and fixtures

   4~20

 

Valuation and Amortization of Intangible Assets

 

Intangible assets included in fixed assets are recorded at the production cost or purchase cost, plus incidental expenses and capital expenditures, and deducted by purchase discount, if any. Expenditures incurred in conjunction with the development of new products or technology and others, in which the elements of costs can be individually identified and future economic benefits expected, are capitalized as development costs under intangible assets. Intangible assets are amortized using the reasonable amortization method over the reasonable useful life under 5 years for development costs and other intangible assets.

 

Recognition of Asset Impairment

 

When the book value of assets (except for trading securities, available for securities and assets valued at present value) exceeds the recoverable value of the assets due to obsolescence, physical damage or a sharp decrease in market value and the difference is material, those assets are adjusted to recoverable value in the balance sheet and the resulting impairment loss is charged to current operations. If the recoverable value of the assets increases in subsequent years, the increase in value is credited to operations as a gain until the recoverable value equals the book value of the assets before the impairment loss was recognized.

 

Amortization of Discount (Premium) on Debentures

 

Discount or premium on debentures issued is amortized over the period from issuance to maturity using the effective interest rate method. Amortization of discount or premium is recognized as interest expense or interest income on the debentures.

 

Accrued Severance Benefits

 

Employees and directors with more than one year of employment are entitled to receive a lump-sum payment upon termination of their employment with the Bank, based on their length of

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

employment and rate of pay at the time of termination. The accrued severance benefits that would be payable assuming all eligible employees and directors were to resign amount to (Won)27,509 million and (Won)22,950 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The accrued severance benefits are included in other liabilities.

 

The Bank had deposited the partial amount of future estimated severance benefits in National Pension Fund in accordance with the former National Pension Law. These are recorded as contra accounts of accrued severance benefits of the Bank (See Note 11).

 

Accounting for Financial Derivative Instruments

 

The Bank accounts for financial derivative instruments pursuant to the Interpretations on Financial Accounting Standards 53-70 on accounting for financial derivative instruments. Financial derivative instruments are classified as used for trading activities or for hedging activities according to their transaction purpose. All derivative instruments are accounted for at fair value with the valuation gain or loss recorded as an asset or a liability. If the derivative instrument is not part of a transaction qualifying as a hedge, the adjustment to fair value is reflected in current operations.

 

The accounting for derivative transactions that are part of a qualified hedge based both on the purpose of the transaction and on meeting the specified criteria for hedge accounting differs depending on whether the transaction is a fair value hedge or a cash flow hedge. Fair value hedge accounting is applied to a derivative instrument designated as hedging the exposure to changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability or a firm commitment (hedged item) that is attributable to a particular risk. The gain or loss both on the hedging derivative instruments and on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk is reflected in current operations. Cash flow hedge accounting is applied to a derivative instrument designated as hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows of an asset or a liability or a forecasted transaction that is attributable to a particular risk. The effective portion of gain or loss on a derivative instrument designated as a cash flow hedge is recorded as a capital adjustment and the ineffective portion is recorded in current operations. The effective portion of gain or loss recorded as a capital adjustment is reclassified to current earnings in the same period during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax expense is the amount currently payable for the period added to or deducted from the changes in deferred income taxes. However, deferred income tax assets are recognized only if the future tax benefits from accumulated temporary differences and any tax loss carryforwards are realizable. The difference between the amount currently payable for the period and income tax expense is accounted for as deferred income tax assets or liabilities, which will be charged or credited to income tax expense in the period each temporary difference reverses in the future. Deferred income tax assets or liabilities are calculated based on the expected tax rate to be applied at the reversal period of the related assets or liabilities. Tax payable and deferred income tax assets or liabilities with regards to certain items are charged or credited directly to related components of shareholders’ equity.

 

45


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

Accounting for Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

 

The Bank maintains its accounts in Korean Won. Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded in Korean Won based on the prevailing rate of exchange on the transaction date. The Korean Won equivalent of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated in these financial statements based on the basic rate ((Won) 929.60 and (Won) 1,013.00 to USD 1.00 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively) announced by Seoul Money Brokerage Service, Ltd. or cross rates for other currencies other than U.S. Dollars at the balance sheet dates. Translation gains and losses are credited or charged to operations. Financial statements of overseas branches are translated based on the basic rate at the balances sheet dates.

 

Application of the Statement of Korea Accounting Standards

 

The Korea Accounting Standard Board (KASB) under the Korea Accounting Institute (KAI) issued Statements of Korea Accounting Standards (SKAS) for achieving a set of Korean accounting standards that are internationally acceptable and comparable. The Bank has implemented SKAS No.1 (Accounting Changes and Correction of Errors) through No.17 (Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets) (excluding No.11 and No.14) on or before January 1, 2005. Also, the Bank has additionally implemented SKAS No.19 (Lease) and No.20 (Related Party Disclosures) prospectively since January 1, 2006.

 

Earning Per Share

 

Earning per share is not computed because the capital of the Bank does not stem from stock issuance.

 

Reclassification

 

Certain accounts of the prior period were reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation for comparative purposes; however, reclassifications had no effect on the previously reported prior period net income or shareholders’ equity of the Bank.

 

46


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

3.    Due from Banks:

 

(1)   Due from banks in local currency and foreign currencies as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

   

Financial institution

  Interest (%)   2006   2005

Local currency:

       

Due from BOK

  BOK     (Won) 53   (Won) 12

Current deposits

  KEB and others       937     882

Time deposits

  Woori Bank   4.68     2,000     —  

Others

  SC First Bank and others   3.62~4.31     64,860     5,000
               
        67,850     5,000
               

Foreign currency:

       

Current deposits

  KEB       7,618     7,976

Time deposits

  KEB   5.28     37,184     —  

Demand deposits

 

Bank of New York and others

  3.00~5.00     18,191     28,923

Off-shore due from banks on demand

 

JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., New York and others

      3,651     1,254
               
        66,644     38,153
               
      (Won) 134,494   (Won) 44,047
               

 

(2)   Restricted due from banks as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Financial institution

   Interest (%)    2006    2005

Due from bank in local currency(*):

           

Time deposits

   Woori Bank    4.68    (Won) 2,000    (Won) —  

Others

   Industrial Bank of Korea    3.62      460      —  
                   
         (Won) 2,460    (Won) —  
                   

(*)   The deposit in Won is the amount remaining after settling the principal of the Daewoo Poland FSO loan with the proceeds from the sale of the related collateral (shares of Doosan Infracore Co., Ltd). This deposit is restricted for the settlement of additional incidental costs (legal costs and others) arising from the aforementioned loan.

 

47


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(3)   Due from banks by financial institution as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005
    

Local

currency

   Foreign
currencies
   Total    Local
currency
  

Foreign

currencies

   Total

Banks

   (Won) 67,850    (Won) 66,625    (Won) 134,475    (Won) 5,894    (Won) 38,153    (Won) 44,047

Others

     —        19      19      —        —        —  
                                         
   (Won) 67,850    (Won) 66,644    (Won) 134,494    (Won) 5,894    (Won) 38,153    (Won) 44,047
                                         

 

(4)   The maturities of due from banks as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Due in

3 months

or less

  

Due after

3 months to

6 months

   Due after
6 months to
1 year
   Total

Due from bank in local currency

   (Won) 65,850    (Won) —      (Won) 2,000    (Won) 67,850

Due from bank in foreign currencies

     29,460      —        37,184      66,644
                           
   (Won) 95,310    (Won) —      (Won) 39,184    (Won) 134,494
                           

 

4.    Securities:

 

(1)   Securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Available-for-sale securities:

     

Marketable equity securities

   (Won) 1,349,646    (Won) 1,981,867

Unlisted equity securities

     1,106,046      1,123,346

Equity investment

     1,276      1,276

Government and public bonds

     1      1

Securities in foreign currencies

     10,332      11,469

Beneficiary certificates

     —        1,366
             
     2,467,301      3,119,325
             

Held-to-maturity securities:

     

Securities in foreign currencies

     —        8,104
             

Securities using the equity method

     90,556      87,503
             
   (Won) 2,557,857    (Won) 3,214,932
             

 

48


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Marketable equity securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

   Book value
before
adjustment
  

Fair value

(Book value)

KEB

   40,314,387    6.25    (Won) 568,433    (Won) 518,040

Daewoo International Corporation(*1)

   10,996,400    11.58      420,612      369,006

SK Networks Co., Ltd.(*1)

   12,891,100    5.39      131,206      297,037

Industrial Bank of Korea

   8,501,153    2.10      149,195      145,795

Hyundai Corporation(*1)

   1,031,600    4.62      18,940      19,695

DKME Co., Ltd.(*1)

   6,200    0.11      95      73
                   
         (Won) 1,288,481    (Won) 1,349,646
                   

(*1)   The securities were restricted to sale as of December 31, 2006.

 

In 2006, 49,485,973 shares of 5 companies including 49,134,208 shares of KEB were disposed for (Won) 443,737 million and its gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities amounting to (Won)184,369 million was recorded in non-operating expenses.

 

2005

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

   Book value
before
adjustment
   Fair value
(Book value)

KEB

   89,448,595    13.87    (Won) 769,258    (Won) 1,261,225

Daewoo International Corporation(*1)

   10,996,400    11.58      114,363      420,612

Industrial Bank of Korea

   8,501,153    2.10      61,718      149,195

SK Networks Co., Ltd.(*1)

   12,891,100    5.44      86,834      131,206

Hyundai Corporation(*1)

   1,031,600    4.62      2,746      18,940

Daewoo Precision Industries Co., Ltd.

   23,100    0.24      398      431

Others

   38,079    —        185      258
                   
         (Won) 1,035,502    (Won) 1,981,867
                   

(*1)   The securities were restricted to sale as of December 31, 2005.

 

In 2005, 32,000,000 shares of Industrial Bank of Korea were disposed for (Won) 420,608 million ((Won)13,144 per share) and its gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities amounting to (Won)260,608 million was recorded in non-operating expenses.

 

49


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(3)   Unlisted equity securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

   Book value
before
adjustment
  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Highway Corp.

   95,000,000    5.20    (Won) 950,000    (Won) 950,000

Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock)

   6,210,000    11.69      103,539      101,179

SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock)

   787,433    9.64      49,465      53,321

Korea Ship Finance

   254,000    14.99      1,270      1,270

Daewoo Electronics Corp.

   224,580    0.21      791      263

Others

   4,959    —        4      13
                   
         (Won) 1,105,069    (Won) 1,106,046
                   

 

As of December 31, 2006, the Bank valuated the shares of Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock), SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. at fair value based on the report of external evaluation agencies. The remaining shares were recorded at acquisition costs since the fair value was difficult to assess. The shares of SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. are restricted to sale as of December 31, 2006.

 

2005

 

     No. of shares   

Ownership

(%)

   Book value
before
adjustment
  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Highway Corp.

   95,000,000    5.20    (Won) 950,000    (Won) 950,000

Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock)

   6,210,000    11.69      42,830      103,539

SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock)

   1,077,804    9.70      59,562      67,705

Korea Ship Finance

   254,000    14.99      1,270      1,270

Daewoo Electronics Corp.

   224,580    0.21      1,024      791

Daewoo Precision Industries Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock)

   7,700    0.28      39      39

Others

   41,753    —        2      2
                   
         (Won) 1,054,727    (Won) 1,123,346
                   

 

As of December 31, 2005, the Bank valuated the shares of Industrial Bank of Korea (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. at fair value based on the report of external evaluation agencies. The remaining shares were recorded at acquisition costs since the fair value was difficult to assess. The 50,000,000 shares of Korea Highway Corp. invested by the Government were recorded at the higher of the face value ((Won) 10,000 per share) or the fair value at the investment date in accordance with article 4.6 of the Investment in Kind of National Property Act. The shares of SK Networks Co., Ltd. (Preferred stock) and Daewoo Electronics Corp. are restricted to sale as of December 31, 2005.

 

50


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(4)   Equity investment as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     Ownership
(%)
  

Book value

before

adjustment

   Fair value
(Book value)

Korea Asset Management Corporation

   0.47    (Won) 1,220    (Won) 1,220

Korea Money Broker Corporation

   0.56      56      56
                
      (Won) 1,276    (Won) 1,276
                

 

2005

 

     Ownership
(%)
   Book value
before
adjustment
  

Fair value

(Book value)

Korea Asset Management Corporation

   0.47    (Won) 1,220    (Won) 1,220

Korea Money Broker Corp.

   0.56      56      56
                
      (Won) 1,276    (Won) 1,276
                

 

(5)   Government and public bonds in debt securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     Acquisition cost    Fair value    Book value

Government and public bonds

   (Won) 1    (Won) 1    (Won) 1
                    

 

2005

 

     Acquisition cost    Fair value    Book value

Government and public bonds

   (Won) 1    (Won) 1    (Won) 1
                    

 

(6)   Securities in foreign currencies in debt securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005
     Acquisition cost    Book value    Acquisition cost    Book value

Foreign securities

   (Won) 10,183    (Won) 10,332    (Won) 10,442    (Won) 11,469
                           

 

51


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(7)   Beneficiary certificates as of December 31, 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Face value   

Fair value

(Book value)

Daewoo Motor Co., Ltd.

   (Won) 1,351    (Won) 1,351

Daewoo Commercial Vehicles., Ltd.

     15      15
             
   (Won) 1,366    (Won) 1,366
             

 

(8)   Held-to-maturity securities as of December 31, 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Acquisition cost   

Adjusted by

effective interest

rate method

   Book value

Securities in foreign currencies

   (Won) 8,102    (Won) 8,104    (Won) 8,104
                    

 

(9)   Securities using the equity method as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    

Balance

sheet date

  

Ownership

(%)

   Acquisition
cost
  

Net asset

value

   Book value

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   2006.12.31    100.00    (Won) 36,482    (Won) 43,029    (Won) 43,029

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

   2006.12.31    100.00      12,085      6,777      6,777

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

   2006.12.31    85.00      4,548      11,693      11,477

KEXIM Asia Limited

   2006.12.31    100.00      27,888      29,265      29,273
                          
         (Won) 81,003    (Won) 90,764    (Won) 90,556
                          

 

As of December 31, 2006, (Won) 4,564 million of the valuation gain on securities using the equity method and (Won) 3 million of the change in securities using the equity method incurred from changes in the capital accounts of the investees to be adjusted in capital adjustment were reflected to the book value of securities using the equity method in foreign currencies. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance, amounting to (Won) (216) million is the outstanding balance of negative goodwill as of December 31, 2006. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of KEXIM Asia Limited amounted to (Won) 8 million, which was unrealized gain from inter-company transactions as of December 31, 2006.

 

52


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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

2005

 

    

Balance

sheet date

  

Ownership

(%)

   Acquisition
cost
  

Net asset

value

   Book value

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   2005.12.31    100.00    (Won) 34,935    (Won) 39,639    (Won) 39,639

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

   2005.12.31    100.00      13,169      7,140      7,140

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

   2005.12.31    85.00      4,557      10,636      10,348

KEXIM Asia Limited

   2005.12.31    100.00      30,390      30,368      30,376
                          
         (Won) 83,051    (Won) 87,783    (Won) 87,503
                          

 

As of December 31, 2005, (Won) 3,656 million of the valuation gain on securities using the equity method and (Won) 198 million of the change in securities using the equity method incurred from changes in the capital accounts of the investees to be adjusted in capital adjustment were reflected to the book value of securities using the equity method in foreign currencies. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance, amounting to (Won) (288) million is the outstanding balance of negative goodwill as of December 31, 2005. The difference between the book value of the securities using the equity method and the net asset value of KEXIM Asia Limited amounted to (Won) 8 million, which was unrealized gain from inter-company transactions as of December 31, 2005.

 

(10)   Available-for-sale securities not recorded at fair value as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Book value   

Reason

Unlisted equity securities

   (Won) 951,283    Difficulty in calculation of the fair value

Equity investment

     1,276    Difficulty in calculation of the fair value
         
   (Won) 952,559   
         

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(11)   The securities portfolio, by county, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     Available
-for-sale
securities
  

Held-to-

maturity
securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Securities in local currency

              

Korea

   (Won) 2,456,969    (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) 2,456,969    96.06
                                

Securities in foreign currencies

              

UK

     —        —        43,029      43,029    1.68

Hong Kong

     2,811      —        29,273      32,084    1.26

Indonesia

     —        —        11,477      11,477    0.45

Vietnam

     —        —        6,777      6,777    0.26

Korea

     2,817      —        —        2,817    0.11

India

     4,704      —        —        4,704    0.18
                                
     10,332      —        90,556      100,888    3.94
                                
   (Won) 2,467,301    (Won) —      (Won) 90,556    (Won) 2,557,857    100.00
                                

 

2005

 

     Available
-for-sale
securities
  

Held-to-

maturity
securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Securities in local currency

              

Korea

   (Won) 3,107,856    (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) 3,107,856    96.67
                                

Securities in foreign currencies

              

UK

     —        —        39,639      39,639    1.24

Hong Kong

     3,128      —        30,376      33,504    1.04

Indonesia

     —        —        10,348      10,348    0.32

Vietnam

     —        —        7,140      7,140    0.22

Korea

     3,140      3,039      —        6,179    0.19

India

     5,201      —        —        5,201    0.16

Malaysia

     —        5,065      —        5,065    0.16
                                
     11,469      8,104      87,503      107,076    3.33
                                
   (Won) 3,119,325    (Won) 8,104    (Won) 87,503    (Won) 3,214,932    100.00
                                

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(12)   Securities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were classified as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     Available
-for-sale
securities
   Held-to-
maturity
securities
   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Stock and equity investment

   (Won) 2,456,968    (Won) —      (Won) 90,556    (Won) 2,547,524    99.60

Fixed interest rate bonds

     10,333      —        —        10,333    0.40
                                
   (Won) 2,467,301    (Won) —      (Won) 90,556    (Won) 2,557,857    100.00
                                

 

2005

 

     Available
-for-sale
securities
  

Held-to-

maturity
securities

   Securities
using the
equity method
   Total    Ratio (%)

Stock and equity investment

   (Won) 3,106,489    (Won) —      (Won) 87,503    (Won) 3,193,992    99.35

Fixed interest rate bonds

     11,470      5,065      —        16,535    0.51

Floating interest rate bonds

     —        3,039      —        3,039    0.10

Others

     1,366      —        —        1,366    0.04
                                
   (Won) 3,119,325    (Won) 8,104    (Won) 87,503    (Won) 3,214,932    100.00
                                

 

(13)   Term structure of debt securities among available-for-sale securities as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

Due in 1

years or less

  

Due after 1

year to 5 years

   Total

(Won)10,332

   (Won) 1    (Won) 10,333
               

 

(14)   Changes in valuation gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities and securities using the equity method for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Beginning
balance
   

Increase

(decrease)

    Disposition   

Ending

balance

 

Securities using the equity method

   (Won) (28 )   (Won) (3 )   (Won) —      (Won) (31 )
                               

Available-for-sale securities:

         

Equity securities

     895,108       169,422       452,278      612,252  

Debt securities

     526       (140 )     —        386  
                               
     895,634       169,282       452,278      612,638  
                               
   (Won) 895,606     (Won) 169,279     (Won) 452,278    (Won) 612,607  
                               

 

55


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

5.    Loans:

 

(1)   Loans as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005  

Loans in local currency:

    

Loans for export

   (Won) 2,101,265     (Won) 1,670,065  

Loans for overseas investment

     64,266       40,694  

Loans for import

     700,011       549,414  

Others

     216,982       216,982  

Privately placed bonds

     1,801       1,801  

Debt for equity swap(*1)

     —         469  
                
     3,084,325       2,479,425  
                

Loans in foreign currencies:

    

Loans for export

     5,521,867       4,454,952  

Loans for overseas investment

     3,157,163       2,201,779  

Trading note rediscount loans

     776,828       565,399  

Loans for import

     599,988       645,087  

Overseas funding loans

     662,562       538,448  

Domestic usance bills

     108,720       112,825  

Privately placed bonds

     27,070       35,455  

Inter-bank loans

     41,091       62,299  

Others

     152       238  
                
     10,895,441       8,616,482  

Valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies(*2)

     (8,314 )     (7,313 )
                
     10,887,127       8,609,169  
                

Bills bought in local currency

     113,637       165,699  
                

Bills bought in foreign currencies

     616,029       637,663  
                

Advances for customers

     3,520       924  
                

Call loans:

    

Call loans in local currency

     160,000       128,000  

Call loans in foreign currencies

     177,554       160,561  
                
     337,554       288,561  
                
   (Won) 15,042,192     (Won) 12,181,441  
                

(*1)   Loans are expected to be swapped for equity based on the agreement of related parties. The loans are recognized at the lower of the book value of the loans or the fair value of the equities to be converted, and the difference in the values is recognized as allowances for loan losses.
(*2)   Interest rate swap was contracted to hedge the changes in the fair value of loan commitment in foreign currencies resulting from the volatility in the interest rate. The loss on valuation of loan commitment, which was confirmed, was recognized as valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Loans in local currency and foreign currencies, by customer, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Total    Ratio (%)

Large corporations

   (Won) 2,114,949    (Won) 3,561,675    (Won) 5,676,624    40.60

Small and medium-sized company(*)

     969,376      749,886      1,719,262    12.30

Public and others

     —        6,583,880      6,583,880    47.10
                         
   (Won) 3,084,325    (Won) 10,895,441    (Won) 13,979,766    100.00
                         

 

2005

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Total    Ratio (%)

Large corporations

   (Won) 1,781,687    (Won) 3,540,135    (Won) 5,321,822    47.96

Small and medium-sized company(*)

     697,738      628,954      1,326,692    11.96

Public and others

     —        4,447,393      4,447,393    40.08
                         
   (Won) 2,479,425    (Won) 8,616,482    (Won) 11,095,907    100.00
                         

(*)   Small and medium-sized company is described in Paragraph 1 of Article 2 of the Small and Medium-sized Company Law.

 

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

(3)   Loans, by industry, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Others    Total    Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 2,671,405    (Won) 3,580,334    (Won) 338,190    (Won) 6,589,929    43.79

Finance and insurance

     1,801      2,005,727      286,072      2,293,600    15.24

Transportation

     46,680      3,550,697      48,804      3,646,181    24.23

Wholesale and retail

     263,568      388,569      39,321      691,458    4.59

Construction

     70,486      122,750      —        193,236    1.28

Real estate, renting and the related business

     —        58,082      —        58,082    0.39

Public and others

     30,385      1,189,282      358,353      1,578,020    10.48
                                
   (Won) 3,084,325    (Won) 10,895,441    (Won) 1,070,740    (Won) 15,050,506    100.00
                                

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

2005

 

    

Loans in

local currency

  

Loans in

foreign currencies

   Others    Total    Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 2,151,138    (Won) 2,488,263    (Won) 324,275    (Won) 4,963,676    40.72

Finance and insurance

     1,801      1,674,443      163,506      1,839,750    15.09

Transportation

     100      2,152,187      77,125      2,229,412    18.29

Wholesale and retail

     242,506      452,891      37,540      732,937    6.01

Construction

     —        242,537      —        242,537    2.00

Real estate, renting and the related business

     —        59,693      —        59,693    0.49

Public and others

     83,880      1,546,468      490,401      2,120,749    17.40
                                
   (Won) 2,479,425    (Won) 8,616,482    (Won) 1,092,847    (Won) 12,188,754    100.00
                                

 

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(4)   Loans, by country of borrower, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    Loans in
local currency
 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Asia:

         

Korea

  (Won) 3,084,325   (Won) 3,218,125   (Won) 528,074   (Won) 6,830,524   45.38

Iran

    —       824,278     180,702     1,004,980   6.68

China

    —       659,177     133,591     792,768   5.27

Indonesia

    —       500,603     85     500,688   3.33

India

    —       326,536     1,259     327,795   2.18

Vietnam

    —       162,517     10,504     173,021   1.15

Qatar

    —       95,005     —       95,005   0.63

Others

    —       378,672     73,659     452,331   3.00
                           
    3,084,325     6,164,913     927,874     10,177,112   67.62
                           

Europe:

         

France

    —       334,745     36     334,781   2.23

Russia

    —       323,694     6,140     329,834   2.19

Netherlands

    —       302,338     —       302,338   2.01

Belgium

    —       262,712     510     263,222   1.75

Others

    —       1,365,142     95,135     1,460,277   9.70
                           
    —       2,588,631     101,821     2,690,452   17.88
                           

America:

         

USA

    —       346,195     33,947     380,142   2.52

Mexico

    —       163,608     —       163,608   1.09

Brazil

    —       86,669     —       86,669   0.57

Others

    —       735,895     3,956     739,851   4.92
                           
    —       1,332,367     37,903     1,370,270   9.10
                           

Africa:

         

Liberia

    —       330,168     350     330,518   2.20

South Africa

    —       3,718     1,512     5,230   0.03
                           
    —       333,886     1,862     335,748   2.23
                           

Oceania:

         

Australia and others

    —       475,644     1,280     476,924   3.17
                           
  (Won) 3,084,325   (Won) 10,895,441   (Won) 1,070,740   (Won) 15,050,506   100.00
                           

 

59


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

2005

 

    Loans in
local currency
 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Asia:

         

Korea

  (Won) 2,479,425   (Won) 2,892,254   (Won) 412,250   (Won) 5,783,929   47.45

Iran

    —       687,867     217,811     905,678   7.43

China

    —       607,959     87,642     695,601   5.71

Indonesia

    —       468,173     1,477     469,650   3.85

India

    —       165,725     740     166,465   1.37

Vietnam

    —       138,756     13,735     152,491   1.25

Japan

    —       19,778     2,495     22,273   0.18

Others

    —       431,810     195,569     627,379   5.15
                           
    2,479,425     5,412,322     931,719     8,823,466   72.39
                           

Europe:

         

Russia

    —       321,820     3,728     325,548   2.67

UK

    —       182,676     21,225     203,901   1.67

Germany

    —       19,189     63     19,252   0.16

Greece

    —       —       408     408   0.01

Others

    —       1,201,270     110,120     1,311,390   10.76
                           
    —       1,724,955     135,544     1,860,499   15.27
                           

America:

         

USA

    —       428,420     21,397     449,817   3.69

Mexico

    —       237,216     706     237,922   1.95

Canada

    —       19,199     57     19,256   0.16

Others

    —       296,735     364     297,099   2.44
                           
    —       981,570     22,524     1,004,094   8.24
                           

Africa:

         

South Africa

    —       2,533     254     2,787   0.02

Others

    —       219,077     860     219,937   1.80
                           
    —       221,610     1,114     222,724   1.82
                           

Oceania:

         

Australia and others

    —       276,025     1,946     277,971   2.28
                           
  (Won) 2,479,425   (Won) 8,616,482   (Won) 1,092,847   (Won) 12,188,754   100.00
                           

 

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(5)   The loans that were restructured due to court receiverships and compositions as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Company

   Amount    Allowances

Court receiverships and composition

  

Choongnam Spinning Co., Ltd. and 2 other companies

   (Won) 6,785    (Won) 5,318

Individual agreements

  

Financial loan to Russia and 3 other companies

     247,558      37,988
                
      (Won) 254,343    (Won) 43,306
                

 

(6)   Changes in the present value discounts relating to the restructured loans for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Discount
rate (%)
   Term
(year)
  

Beginning

balance

   Increase    Decrease    Ending
balance

Court receiverships and composition

   2.00~4.22    2~9    (Won) 798    (Won) 155    (Won) 291    (Won) 662

Individual agreements(*1)

   4.24~5.30    6~18      51,635      —        9,495      42,140
                                 
         (Won) 52,433    (Won) 155    (Won) 9,786    (Won) 42,802
                                 

(*1)   The overdue financial loans to Russia amount to USD 422 million (the principal and interest amounting to USD 262 million and USD 160 million, respectively). In accordance with the bilateral agreement between the Government and Russia, the Bank restructured the remaining loan balances of USD 299 million after exempting the interest of the relevant loans amounting to USD 123 million. As of December 31, 2006, the amounts of restructured financial loans to Russia and their present value discounts are (Won)189,154 million and (Won)34,526 million, respectively.

 

(7)   Term structure of loans as of December 31, 2006 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

   

Loans in

local currency

 

Loans in

foreign currencies

  Others   Total   Ratio (%)

Due in 3 months or less

  (Won) 924,901   (Won) 1,368,398   (Won) 755,981   (Won) 3,049,280   20.26

Due after 3 months to
6 months

    1,341,581     991,001     161,161     2,493,743   16.57

Due after 6 months to 1 year

    671,906     922,598     43,448     1,637,952   10.88

Due after 1 year to 2 years

    59,584     566,163     13,589     639,336   4.25

Due after 2 years to 3 years

    65,002     584,585     35,215     684,802   4.55

Due after 3 years to 4 years

    8,551     577,116     —       585,667   3.89

Due after 4 years to 5 years

    12,000     539,967     10,504     562,471   3.74

Due after 5 years

    800     5,345,613     50,842     5,397,255   35.86
                           
  (Won) 3,084,325   (Won) 10,895,441   (Won) 1,070,740   (Won) 15,050,506   100.00
                           

 

The amount of loans in foreign currencies excluded valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies.

 

61


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

6.    Allowances for Loan Losses:

 

(1)   The allowances for loan losses as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Loans in local currency

   (Won) 87,506    (Won) 73,049

Loans in foreign currencies

     504,808      451,649

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

     50,621      45,376

Advances for customers

     465      87
             
   (Won) 643,400    (Won) 570,161
             

 

(2)   As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, loan balances and allowances for loan losses by credit risk classification were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    Loan balance classification
    Normal  

Pre-

cautionary

  Substandard   Doubtful   Estimated
loss
  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 2,834,348   (Won) 241,792   (Won) —     (Won) 3,732   (Won) 4,453   (Won) 3,084,325

Loans in foreign currencies

    10,597,422     235,979     3,716     8,606     8,627     10,854,350

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    649,252     60,104     11,163     9,147     —       729,666

Advances for customers

    773     2,747     —       —       —       3,520
                                   
  (Won) 14,081,795   (Won) 540,622   (Won) 14,879   (Won) 21,485   (Won) 13,080   (Won) 14,671,861
                                   

 

The present value discounts were not reflected to the amount of loans stated above. Inter-bank loans of (Won) 41,091 million and call loans of (Won) 337,554 million were excluded because these were classified as normal. The valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies of (Won) (8,314) million was also excluded.

 

    Allowance for loan losses classification
    Normal   Pre-
cautionary
  Substandard   Doubtful  

Estimated

loss

  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 42,366   (Won) 37,156   (Won) —     (Won) 3,531   (Won) 4,453   (Won) 87,506

Loans in foreign currencies

    414,390     71,948     1,645     8,198     8,627     504,808

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    20,812     16,350     4,834     8,625     —       50,621

Advances for customers

    5     460     —       —       —       465
                                   
  (Won) 477,573   (Won) 125,914   (Won) 6,479   (Won) 20,354   (Won) 13,080   (Won) 643,400
                                   

 

62


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

2005

 

    Loan balance classification
    Normal  

Pre-

cautionary

  Substandard   Doubtful   Estimated
loss
  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 2,245,400   (Won) 228,158   (Won) 712   (Won) 4,437   (Won) 718   (Won) 2,479,425

Loans in foreign currencies

    8,203,641     306,719     19,598     17,303     6,922     8,554,183

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    724,598     57,922     15,703     5,139     —       803,362

Advances for customers

    843     —       —       —       81     924
                                   
  (Won) 11,174,482   (Won) 592,799   (Won) 36,013   (Won) 26,879   (Won) 7,721   (Won) 11,837,894
                                   

 

The present value discounts were not reflected to the amount of loans stated above. Inter-bank loans of (Won) 62,299 million and call loans of (Won) 288,561 million were excluded because these were classified as normal. The valuation adjustment of loans in foreign currencies of (Won) (7,313) million was also excluded.

 

    Allowance for loan losses classification
    Normal   Pre-
cautionary
  Substandard   Doubtful  

Estimated

loss

  Total

Loans in local currency

  (Won) 33,187   (Won) 34,648   (Won) 285   (Won) 4,211   (Won) 718   (Won) 73,049

Loans in foreign currencies

    330,910     89,331     8,165     16,321     6,922     451,649

Bills bought in local currency and foreign currencies

    14,995     8,136     17,399     4,846     —       45,376

Advances for customers

    6     —       —       —       81     87
                                   
  (Won) 379,098   (Won) 132,115   (Won) 25,849   (Won) 25,378   (Won) 7,721   (Won) 570,161
                                   

 

(3)   Changes in allowances for loan losses for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005  

Beginning balance

   (Won) 570,161     (Won) 456,945  

Provision for possible loan losses

     123,430       140,374  

Write-off

     (4,699 )     (12,948 )

Debt for equity swap

     (485 )     (3,641 )

Decrease in present value discounts

     (9,631 )     (8,460 )

Changes in exchange rates and others(*)

     (35,376 )     (2,109 )
                

Ending balance

   (Won) 643,400     (Won) 570,161  
                

(*)   Changes in exchange rates and others were mainly derived from the movements in foreign currency translation on allowances for loan losses and recovery of written-off loans.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(4)   Percentage of the allowance for loan losses to loans subject to allowance for loan losses for the previous 3 years were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005    2004

Loans subject to allowance for possible loan losses

   (Won) 14,671,861    (Won) 11,837,894    (Won) 9,440,908

Allowances for loan losses

     643,400      570,161      456,945
                    

Percentage (%)

     4.39      4.82      4.84
                    

 

7.    Fixed Assets:

 

(1)   Tangible assets and the related accumulated depreciation as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005
    

Acquisition

cost

   Accumulated
depreciation
   Book value    Acquisition
cost
  

Accumulated

depreciation

   Book value

Land

   (Won) 4,484    (Won) —      (Won) 4,484    (Won) 4,484    (Won) —      (Won) 4,484

Buildings

     43,633      12,800      30,833      42,976      11,300      31,676

Vehicles

     1,689      1,274      415      1,571      1,028      543

Equipments

     13,868      10,590      3,278      12,901      9,034      3,867
                                         
   (Won) 63,674    (Won) 24,664    (Won) 39,010    (Won) 61,932    (Won) 21,362    (Won) 40,570
                                         

 

(2)   The published value of land was (Won) 81,246 million and (Won) 69,060 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, based on the Laws on Disclosure of Land Price and Valuation of Land.

 

(3)   Changes in book value of tangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Beginning
balance
   Acquisition    Disposal    Depreciation   

Ending

balance

Land

   (Won) 4,484    (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) —      (Won) 4,484

Buildings

     31,676      657      —        1,500      30,833

Vehicles

     543      206      —        334      415

Equipments

     3,867      1,478      13      2,054      3,278
                                  
   (Won) 40,570    (Won) 2,341    (Won) 13    (Won) 3,888    (Won) 39,010
                                  

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(4)   Tangible assets, which have been insured as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

          2006    2005
    

Insurance company

   Book value    Insured
amount
   Book value    Insured
amount

Buildings

  

LG Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. & others

   (Won) 30,833    (Won) 27,489    (Won) 31,676    (Won) 28,711

Equipments

  

LG Fire & Marine Insurance Co., Ltd. & others

     3,278      2,866      3,867      2,996
                              
      (Won) 34,111    (Won) 30,355    (Won) 35,543    (Won) 31,707
                              

 

In addition, the Bank’s head office building and the Global Human Resource Center are covered by gas insurance policy ((Won) 80 million per employee and a maximum coverage of (Won) 300 million per accident) and all vehicles are covered by the comprehensive auto insurances.

 

(5)   Intangible assets as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Book value

Acquisition cost

   (Won) 10,163

Accumulated amortization

     5,783
      
   (Won) 4,380
      

 

(6)   Changes in intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Book value

Beginning balance

   (Won) 4,693

Increase

     1,475

Amortization

     1,788
      

Ending balance

   (Won) 4,380
      

 

8.    Other Assets:

 

(1)   Other assets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Guarantee deposits

   (Won) 20,212    (Won) 20,360

Accounts receivable

     47      567

Accrued income

     188,487      139,915

Prepaid expenses

     34,604      8,649

Financial derivative instruments (Note 15)

     55,652      58,114

Sundry assets

     14,938      12,638
             
   (Won) 313,940    (Won) 240,243
             

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Sundry assets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Other loans

   (Won) 8,557    (Won) 7,941

Other suspense payments

     1,002      679

Suspense payments on credit

     5      7

Others

     5,374      4,011
             
   (Won) 14,938    (Won) 12,638
             

 

9.    Borrowings:

 

(1)   Borrowings as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Financial institution

   Interest rate (%)    2006     2005  

Foreign currencies:

         

Borrowings from banks

 

The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd and others

   Libor + 0.07
~0.11
   (Won) 224,034     (Won) 101,300  

CP

 

UBS AG

   0.49~5.43      902,130       80,356  

Off-shore borrowings

 

Bank of China and others

   2.88~5.45      32,751       51,594  

Other borrowings

 

Overseas banks

   0.07~0.8      108,720       112,825  
                     
          1,267,635       346,075  
                     

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items (current year portion)

     (667 )     (9,433 )

Loss on valuation of fair value hedged items (prior year portion)

     748       10,841  
                     
          1,267,716       347,483  
                     

Call money

         

Local currency

  KB and others    4.54~4.61      300,000       —    

Foreign currencies

  CIMB and others    0.56~5.45      219,260       303,766  
                     
          519,260       303,766  
                     
        (Won) 1,786,976     (Won) 651,249  
                     

 

(2)   Borrowings from financial institutions as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005
    

Foreign

currencies

   Call money    Total    Foreign
currencies
   Call money    Total

Banks

   (Won) 1,158,915    (Won) 519,260    (Won) 1,678,175    (Won) 233,250    (Won) 303,766    (Won) 537,016

Others

     108,720      —        108,720      112,825      —        112,825
                                         
   (Won) 1,267,635    (Won) 519,260    (Won) 1,786,895    (Won) 346,075    (Won) 303,766    (Won) 649,841
                                         

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(3)   Term structure of borrowings as of December 31, 2006 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

    

Due in

3 months

or less

  

Due after

3 months to

6 months

  

Due after

6 months to

1 year

   Total

Borrowings in foreign currencies

   (Won) 917,073    (Won) 331,080    (Won) 19,482    (Won) 1,267,635

Call money in local currencies

     300,000      —        —        300,000

Call money in foreign currencies

     219,260      —        —        219,260
                           
   (Won) 1,436,333    (Won) 331,080    (Won) 19,482    (Won) 1,786,895
                           

 

10.    Debentures:

 

(1)   Debentures as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Interest rate (%)    2006     2005  

Local currency:

       

Fixed rate debentures in local currency

   4.45~5.01    (Won) 680,000     (Won) 500,000  

Discount on debentures

        (14,827 )     (4,674 )
                   
        665,173       495,326  
                   

Foreign currencies:

       

Floating rates debentures in foreign currencies

   Libor+0.03
~0.35
     6,095,087       1,556,881  

Fixed rates debentures in foreign currencies

   3.05~7.7      3,372,732       6,662,773  
                   
        9,467,819       8,219,654  
                   

Gain (Loss) on valuation of fair value hedged items (current year portion)

        11,527       (49,760 )

Gain on valuation of fair value hedged items (prior year portion)

        (84,040 )     (41,823 )
                   
        9,395,306       8,128,071  
                   

Premiums on debentures

        939       2,152  

Discounts on debentures

        (49,657 )     (55,013 )
                   
        9,346,588       8,075,210  
                   
      (Won) 10,011,761     (Won) 8,570,536  
                   

 

67


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Term structure of debentures as of December 31, 2006 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

   

Due in

3 months

or less

 

Due after

3 months to

6 months

 

Due after

6 months to

1 year

 

Due after

1 year to

3 years

 

Due after

3 years

  Total

Debentures in local currency

  (Won) 200,000   (Won) 170,000   (Won) 310,000   (Won) —     (Won) —     (Won) 680,000

Debentures in foreign currencies

    1,131,701     305,877     1,516,733     2,583,800     3,929,708     9,467,819
                                   
  (Won) 1,331,701   (Won) 475,877   (Won) 1,826,733   (Won) 2,583,800   (Won) 3,929,708   (Won) 10,147,819
                                   

 

11.    Other Liabilities:

 

(1)   Other liabilities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005  

Accrued severance benefits (Notes 2 and 13)

   (Won) 27,509     (Won) 22,950  

Less: Transfer to National Pension (Note 13)

     (10 )     (10 )

Allowance for possible losses on acceptances and guarantees
(Note 12)

     253,543       227,670  

Allowance for unused credit line of loan commitments (Note 12)

     25,814       27,597  

Foreign exchange settlement account-credit

     15,130       99,225  

Accounts payable

     4,706       89,493  

Accrued expenses

     205,649       157,806  

Deferred income tax liabilities (Note 19)

     77,295       157,562  

Unearned revenues

     150,834       123,454  

Guarantees deposits received

     100       100  

Financial derivatives liabilities (Note 15)

     87,468       137,735  

Sundry liabilities

     41,764       12,010  
                
   (Won) 889,802     (Won) 1,055,592  
                

 

(2)   Sundry liabilities as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Suspense receipts

   (Won) 39,194    (Won) 7,902

Taxes withheld

     2,504      1,419

Option premium

     —        2,588

Others

     66      101
             
   (Won) 41,764    (Won) 12,010
             

 

68


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

12.    Acceptances and Guarantees and Allowance for Possible Losses:

 

(1)   Acceptances and guarantees as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Confirmed acceptances and guarantees:

     

Local currency:

     

Guarantees for performance of contracts

   (Won) 24,432    (Won) 15,982

Guarantees for repayment of advances

     40,625      17,001

Others

     1,264      3,264
             
     66,321      36,247
             

Foreign currencies:

     

Guarantees for performance of contracts

     2,179,230      2,216,338

Guarantees for repayment of advances

     18,957,040      16,904,151

Acceptances for letters of guarantee for importers letter

     6,161      5,691

Acceptances on import credit memorandum

     75,097      105,153

Others

     1,029,793      847,950
             
     22,247,321      20,079,283
             
     22,313,642      20,115,530
             

Unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees:

     

Letters of credit

     123,688      67,535

Others

     23,270,464      16,355,357
             
     23,394,152      16,422,892
             
   (Won) 45,707,794    (Won) 36,538,422
             

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees by classification and allowances for possible losses on confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

    2006   2005
   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Allowance   Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Allowance   Ratio (%)

Confirmed acceptances and guarantees:

           

Normal

  (Won) 22,311,455   (Won) 168,821   0.76   (Won) 19,958,032   (Won) 156,991   0.79

Precautionary

    2,187     172   7.86     157,498     12,295   7.81
                               
    22,313,642     168,993   0.76     20,115,530     169,286   0.84
                               

Unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees(*):

           

Normal

    23,394,094     84,545   0.36     16,422,812     58,376   0.36

Precautionary

    58     5   8.62     80     8   10.00
                               
    23,394,152     84,550   0.36     16,422,892     58,384   0.36
                               
  (Won) 45,707,794   (Won) 253,543   0.55   (Won) 36,538,422   (Won) 227,670   0.62
                               

(*)   In 2005, the Bank started to provide allowance for possible losses on unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees at the same rate of allowance for loan losses applicable to the related borrowers, also considering the credit adjustment rates to off-balance sheet items announced by FSS (See Note 2).

 

(3)   Changes in allowances for possible losses on confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005  

Beginning balance

   (Won) 227,670     (Won) 249,260  

Provision (reversal) of allowance for possible losses

     45,026       (11,366 )

Changes in foreign exchange rates and others

     (19,153 )     (10,224 )
                

Ending balance

   (Won) 253,543     (Won) 227,670  
                

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(4)   Acceptances and guarantees, by industry, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     Confirmed    Unconfirmed    Total
    

Acceptances

and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 20,248,696    90.75    (Won) 23,212,911    99.23    (Won) 43,461,607    95.09

Construction

     1,454,143    6.51      20,973    0.09      1,475,116    3.23

Finance and insurance

     365,404    1.64      36,946    0.16      402,350    0.88

Wholesale and retail

     128,576    0.58      17,107    0.07      145,683    0.32

Services

     33,525    0.15      18,011    0.07      51,536    0.11

Others

     83,298    0.37      88,204    0.38      171,502    0.37
                                   
   (Won) 22,313,642    100.00    (Won) 23,394,152    100.00    (Won) 45,707,794    100.00
                                   

 

2005

 

     Confirmed    Unconfirmed    Total
    

Acceptances

and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

   Ratio (%)

Manufacturing

   (Won) 15,621,818    77.66    (Won) 13,043,186    79.42    (Won) 28,665,004    78.45

Construction

     1,290,057    6.41      22,525    0.14      1,312,582    3.59

Finance and insurance

     272,632    1.36      104,110    0.63      376,742    1.03

Wholesale and retail

     108,603    0.54      14,477    0.09      123,080    0.34

Services

     110,722    0.55      4,333    0.03      115,055    0.31

Others

     2,711,698    13.48      3,234,261    19.69      5,945,959    16.28
                                   
   (Won) 20,115,530    100.00    (Won) 16,422,892    100.00    (Won) 36,538,422    100.00
                                   

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(5)   Acceptances and guarantees, by country of borrower, as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    Confirmed   Unconfirmed   Total
   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)

Asia:

           

Korea

  (Won) 21,790,047   97.66   (Won) 23,269,002   99.47   (Won) 45,059,049   98.58

India

    76,453   0.34     88,204   0.38     164,657   0.36

Iran

    40,881   0.18     126   0.00     41,007   0.09

Japan

    19,776   0.09     —     —       19,776   0.04

Vietnam

    —     —       397   0.00     397   0.00
                             
    21,927,157   98.27     23,357,729   99.85     45,284,886   99.07
                             

America:

           

USA

    127,960   0.58     3,112   0.01     131,072   0.29

Mexico

    58,665   0.26     —     —       58,665   0.13

Dominican Rep.

    2,660   0.01     —     —       2,660   0.01
                             
    189,285   0.85     3,112   0.01     192,397   0.43
                             

Europe:

           

UK

    126,227   0.56     1,364   0.01     127,591   0.28

France

    50,559   0.23     31,947   0.13     82,506   0.18

Poland

    20,414   0.09     —     —       20,414   0.04
                             
    197,200   0.88     33,311   0.14     230,511   0.50
                             
  (Won) 22,313,642   100.00   (Won) 23,394,152   100.00   (Won) 45,707,794   100.00
                             

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

2005

 

    Confirmed   Unconfirmed   Total
   

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)  

Acceptances

and

guarantees

  Ratio (%)

Asia:

           

Korea

  (Won) 19,676,749   97.82   (Won) 16,164,790   98.43   (Won) 35,841,539   98.09

India

    25,436   0.12     153,992   0.94     179,428   0.49

Iran

    49,836   0.25     737   —       50,573   0.14

Japan

    25,534   0.13     —     —       25,534   0.07

Vietnam

    —     —       2,628   0.02     2,628   0.01

Russia

    2,139   0.01     —     —       2,139   0.01
                             
    19,779,694   98.33     16,322,147   99.39     36,101,841   98.81
                             

America:

           

Mexico

    110,475   0.55     —     —       110,475   0.30

USA

    51,691   0.26     55,692   0.34     107,383   0.29

Dominican Rep.

    5,798   0.03     —     —       5,798   0.02
                             
    167,964   0.84     55,692   0.34     223,656   0.61
                             

Europe:

           

UK

    128,761   0.64     11,652   0.07     140,413   0.38

France

    14,670   0.07     33,401   0.20     48,071   0.13

Germany

    24,441   0.12     —     —       24,441   0.07
                             
    167,872   0.83     45,053   0.27     212,925   0.58
                             
  (Won) 20,115,530   100.00   (Won) 16,422,892   100.00   (Won) 36,538,422   100.00
                             

 

(6)   Percentages of allowances for possible losses to acceptances and guarantees subject to allowances for possible losses for the previous 3 years were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005    2004

Acceptances and guarantees subject to allowances for possible losses

   (Won) 45,707,794    (Won) 36,538,422    (Won) 18,508,094

Allowances

     253,543      227,670      249,260
                    

Percentage (%)

     0.55      0.62      1.35
                    

(*)   The Bank did not provide allowances for possible losses on unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees up to 2004. Accordingly, those balances as of December 31, 2004 were not included in the above table.

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(7)   Unused credit line of loan commitments and allowances for on credit line of loan commitments as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Unused credit line of loan commitments

   (Won) 6,827,643    (Won) 7,536,144

Allowances

     25,814      27,597
             

Percentage (%)

     0.38      0.37
             

 

The Bank started to apply the rate of allowances for possible losses on loans, which is classified as normal and of which maturity is less than 1 year to unused credit line of loan commitments pursuant to the guideline of allowances for possible losses to off-balance sheets items in 2005. The allowances for possible losses were recognized considering the credit adjustment rates to off-balance sheet items announced by FSS and recorded as allowance for unused credit line of loan commitments (See Note 11).

 

(8)   Changes in allowances for on credit line of loan commitments for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005

Beginning balance

   (Won) 27,597     (Won) —  

Provision for allowance

     256       27,597

Changes in exchange rates and others

     (2,039 )     —  
              

Ending balance

   (Won) 25,814     (Won) 27,597
              

 

13.    Accrued Severance Benefits:

 

Changes in accrued severance benefits for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

     Beginning
balance
    Provision    Payment   

Ending

balance

 

Accrued severance benefits

   (Won) 22,950     (Won) 6,337    (Won) 1,778    (Won) 27,509  

National Pension

     (10 )     —        —        (10 )
                              
   (Won) 22,940     (Won) 6,337    (Won) 1,778    (Won) 27,499  
                              

 

2005

 

     Beginning
balance
    Provision    Payment     Ending
balance
 

Accrued severance benefits

   (Won) 18,379     (Won) 6,900    (Won) 2,329     (Won) 22,950  

National Pension

     (13 )     —        (3 )     (10 )
                               
   (Won) 18,366     (Won) 6,900    (Won) 2,326     (Won) 22,940  
                               

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

14.    Shareholders’ Equity:

 

(1)   Capital stock

 

The authorized capital stock of the Bank as of December 31, 2006 was (Won) 4,000,000 million and the capital stock amounted to (Won) 3,305,755 million and (Won) 3,295,755 million as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The Bank increased its capital stock by (Won) 10,000 million from the Government on July 3, 2006. The Bank does not issue share certificates.

 

(2)   Retained earnings

 

1) Legal reserve

 

In accordance with the EXIM Bank Act, the Bank reserves 20 percent of unappropriated retained earnings as the legal reserve, until the accumulated reserve equals to its capital stock.

 

2) Voluntary reserve

 

The Bank appropriates the remaining balance, net of legal reserve and dividend payments, to voluntary reserve.

 

3) Cash dividends

 

Cash dividends to shareholders were declared for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

The Government

   (Won) 10,118    (Won) 7,969

The Bank of Korea

     5,932      5,126

The Korea Development Bank

     782      676
             
   (Won) 16,832    (Won) 13,771
             

 

The rate of cash dividends to net income is 10.00% and 6.13% for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. The cash dividends are calculated based on the ending balances of investments by shareholders as of December 31, 2006 and the average balances of investments by shareholders as of December 31, 2005.

 

15.    Contingencies and Commitments:

 

(1)   Other commitments as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Unused credit line of loan commitments

   (Won) 6,827,643    (Won) 7,536,144

Written-off loans

     136,002      154,127
             
   (Won) 6,963,645    (Won) 7,690,271
             

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Pending litigations.

 

Seven lawsuits were filed by the Bank with aggregate claims of (Won)136,492 million and 1 lawsuit was filed against the Bank involving aggregate damages of (Won)2 million; they are all pending as of December 31, 2006. The management of the Bank believes that the ultimate liability of the lawsuits, if any, will not materially affect the financial position of the Bank.

 

The aforementioned pending litigation (the first trial is currently underway) with aggregate damages of (Won)2 million has been filed by Jaesoon, Park claiming revocation of provisional attachment relating to the debt guarantees of Chungnam Spinning Co., Ltd.

 

(3)   Sales of the shares of Korea Exchange Bank (“KEB”).

 

The Bank sold 30,865,792 shares of Korea Exchange Bank (“KEB”) to LSF-KEB Holdings, SCA (“LSF”) on October 30, 2003 at (Won)5,400 per share. LSF exercised its call option, which was issued by the Bank in relation to the aforementioned sales transaction, and additionally purchased 49,134,208 shares of KEB at (Won)8,487.50 per share in the current fiscal year (refer to Note 4 (2) to the financial statements).

 

In addition to the above, if certain conditions in the mutual agreement between the Bank and LSF are met when LSF sells its KEB shares; then, the Bank has the right to ask LSF to sell the remaining shares of KEB for the same conditions and LSF also has the right to ask the Bank to sell the remaining shares (when LSF sells theirs) for the same conditions.

 

(4)   Details of transactions of derivatives instruments were as follows as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 (Won in millions):

 

2006

 

    Outstanding contract amount   Gain (loss) on valuation (S/I)    

Gain (loss)

on

Valuation

(B/S)

 
    Total  

Hedging

Purpose

  Hedge
Accounting
  Total     Hedging
Purpose
    Hedge
Accounting
   

Currency forwards

  (Won) 501,498   (Won) 501,498   (Won) —     (Won)

 

1,304

(2,102

 

)

  (Won)

 

1,304

(2,102

 

)

  (Won)

 

—  

—  

 

 

  (Won)

 

1,304

(2,102

 

)

Currency swaps

    1,533,542     1,510,087     23,455    

 

67,436

(1,820

 

)

   

 

67,436

(971

 

)

   

 

—  

(849

 

)

   

 

36,074

(1,511

 

)

Interest rate swaps

    5,451,828     737,619     4,714,209    

 

26,636

(12,697

 

)

   

 

2,350

(1,472

 

)

   

 

24,286

(11,225

 

)

   

 

16,564

(83,855

 

)

Stock option

    7,500     7,500     —       1,710       1,710       —         1,710  
                                                 
  (Won) 7,494,368   (Won) 2,756,704   (Won) 4,737,664   (Won)

 

97,086

(16,619

 

)

  (Won)

 

72,800

(4,545

 

)

  (Won)

 

24,286

(12,074

 

)

  (Won)

 

55,652

(87,468

 

)

                                                 

 

76


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

2005

 

    Outstanding contract amount   Gain (loss) on valuation (S/I)    

Gain (loss)

on

Valuation

(B/S)

 
    Total  

Hedging

Purpose

  Hedge
Accounting
  Total     Hedging
Purpose
    Hedge
Accounting
   

Currency forwards

  (Won) 109,493   (Won) 109,493   (Won) —     (Won) 1,350     (Won) 1,350     (Won) —       (Won) 1,350  

Currency swaps

    1,088,547     1,036,953     51,594    

 

41,562

(85,180

 

)

   

 

41,562

(75,495

 

)

   

 

—  

(9,685

 

)

   

 

45,128

(35,312

 

)

Interest rate swaps

    5,051,027     1,140,025     3,911,002    

 

27,417

(53,341

 

)

   

 

3,112

(2,503

 

)

   

 

24,305

(50,838

 

)

   

 

11,636

(102,423

 

)

                                                 
  (Won) 6,249,067   (Won) 2,286,471   (Won) 3,962,596   (Won)

 

70,329

(138,521

 

)

  (Won)

 

46,024

(77,998

 

)

  (Won)

 

24,305

(60,523

 

)

  (Won)

 

58,114

(137,735

 

)

                                                 

 

The Bank holds derivative instruments for its trading activities and hedging activities, to manage the interest rate risk and foreign currencies exchange risk derived from loans, debentures and borrowings. Outstanding contractual amount and gain or loss on valuation for hedging purposes included in the table resulted from both derivative instruments accounted for using hedge accounting methods pursuant to the Interpretations on financial Accounting Standards 53-70.

 

Hedged items consist of loans, debentures and borrowings to which fair value hedge accounting is applied. Loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk amounting to (Won)1,603 million for loans and (Won)11,527 million for debentures, and gain amounting to (Won)667 million for borrowings have been recognized for the year ended December 31, 2006.

 

16.    Interest Income and Interest Expenses:

 

The average balance of the interest bearing assets and liabilities, and the related interest income and expenses as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005
     Average balance    Interest
incomes/expenses
   Average balance   

Interest

incomes/expenses

Interest income bearing assets

           

Loans

   (Won) 13,615,220    (Won) 736,121    (Won) 11,293,912    (Won) 510,112

Due from banks

     40,729      4,260      25,393      1,949

Securities

     17,841      1,211      48,157      2,011
                           
   (Won) 13,673,790    (Won) 741,592    (Won) 11,367,462    (Won) 514,072
                           

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

     2006    2005
     Average balance    Interest
incomes/expenses
   Average balance   

Interest

incomes/expenses

Interest expense bearing liabilities

           

Borrowings

   (Won) 1,296,561    (Won) 55,243    (Won) 849,871    (Won) 24,678

Debentures

     9,214,156      433,391      7,998,758      367,651
                           
   (Won) 10,510,717    (Won) 488,634    (Won) 8,848,629    (Won) 392,329
                           

 

Loans included call loans and borrowings included call money.

 

17.    General and Administrative Expenses:

 

General and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Financial management expenses:

     

Salaries and wages

   (Won) 57,326    (Won) 53,154

Others

     27,769      25,968
             
     85,095      79,122
             

Economic cooperation management expenses

     953      684
             

Other general and administrative expenses:

     

Severance benefits (Note 13)

     6,337      6,900

Depreciation (Note 7)

     3,888      4,045

Amortization expense of intangible assets (Note 7)

     1,788      1,656

Taxes and dues

     1,588      3,452

Fund contributions

     6,019      3,724
             
     19,620      19,777
             
   (Won) 105,668    (Won) 99,583
             

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

18.    Non-Operating Income and Expenses:

 

Non-operating income and expenses for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Non-operating income:

     

Gain on disposal of tangible assets

   (Won) 31    (Won) 21

Rental income

     13      19

Gain on disposal of available-for-sale securities (Note 4)

     184,369      260,689

Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method (Note 4)

     4,564      3,656

Others

     684      25,931
             
   (Won) 189,661    (Won) 290,316
             

Non-operating expenses:

     

Loss on disposal of tangible assets

   (Won) 44    (Won) 73

Loss on disposal of loans

     47      20

Loss on disposal of available-for-sale securities

     4      —  

Loss on redemption of available-for-sale securities

     858      —  

Loss on impairment of available-for-sale securities

     479      —  

Others

     3,609      1,042
             
   (Won) 5,041    (Won) 1,135
             

 

79


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

19.    Income Tax Expense:

 

(1)   The differences between net income before income tax and taxable income pursuant to Korean Corporate Income Tax Law for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Amount  

I. Net income before income tax

   (Won) 231,673  

II. Non temporary differences:

  

(1) Entertainment expenses

     44  

(2) Taxes and dues

     48  

(3) Interest paid

     279  

(4) Dividend earned

     (2,520 )

(5) Others

     1,246  
        
     (903 )
        

III. Temporary differences:

  

1. Additions:

  

(1) Loss (gain) on fair value hedges

     99,979  

(2) Gain on valuation of derivative instruments (prior period)

     58,114  

(3) Loss on valuation of derivative instruments (current period)

     86,751  

(4) Allowance for loan losses (current period)

     308,736  

(5) Allowance for possible losses of confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances   and guarantees (current period)

     253,543  

(6) Unused credit line of loan commitments (current period)

     25,814  

(7) Allowance for severance benefits

     2,481  

(8) Depreciation

     654  

(9) Others

     10,125  
        
     846,197  
        

2. Deductions:

  

(1) Gain (loss) on fair value hedges

     81,234  

(2) Loss on valuation of derivative instruments (prior period)

     137,735  

(3) Gain on valuation of derivative instruments (current period)

     43,119  

(4) Allowance for loan losses (prior period)

     282,019  

(5) Allowance for possible losses of confirmed acceptances and guarantees (prior period)

     227,670  

(6) Unused credit line of loan commitments (prior period)

     27,597  

(7) Depreciation

     169  

(8) Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method

     4,564  

(9) Adjustment of available-for-sale

     118,985  

(10) Debt-to-equity swap

     11,842  

(11) Others

     15,532  
        
     950,466  
        

IV. Taxable income

   (Won) 126,501  
        

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(2)   Changes in accumulated temporary difference for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Beginning(*)     Decrease     Increase     Ending  

Loss(gain) on fair value hedges

   (Won) (82,863 )   (Won) (99,979 )   (Won) (81,234 )   (Won) (64,118 )

Depreciation

     1,675       169       654       2,160  

Allowance for severance benefits

     13,760       —         2,481       16,241  

Allowance for loan losses

     282,019       282,019       308,736       308,736  

Gain on valuation of securities using the equity method

     (14,111 )     —         (4,564 )     (18,675 )

Loss on valuation of derivative instruments

     137,735       137,735       86,751       86,751  

Gain on valuation of derivative instruments

     (58,114 )     (58,114 )     (43,119 )     (43,119 )

Available-for-sale securities (KEB)

     4,293       —         (118,985 )     (114,692 )

Convertible stock

     110,755       11,842       —         98,913  

Allowance for possible losses of confirmed and unconfirmed acceptances and guarantees

     227,670       227,670       253,543       253,543  

Unused credit line of loan commitments

     27,597       27,597       25,814       25,814  

Others

     17,759       15,532       10,125       12,352  
                                
     668,175       544,471       440,202       563,906  
                                

Statutory tax rate

     27.5 %         27.5 %

Tax effect

     183,748           155,075  
                    

Deferred tax effect from available-for-sale securities

     (339,713 )         (232,370 )
                    

Deferred tax assets (liabilities)

   (Won) (155,965 )       (Won) (77,295 )
                    

 

Difference amounting to (Won) 1,597 million between closing statements and statement of tax reconciliation in 2005 was reflected in the current period. The beginning balance of accumulated temporary difference was adjusted on the prior-period final income tax.

 

(3)   Income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005  

Income tax currently payable

   (Won) 34,767     (Won) 108,831  

Changes in deferred tax assets (liabilities)

     (78,670 )     321,816  

Changes due to adjustment for the prior-period final income tax

     (83 )     (7,646 )

Changes due to claim for income tax return

     —         (1,504 )

Income tax expense charged to capital

     107,343       (339,713 )
                
   (Won) 63,357     (Won) 81,784  
                

 

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Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(4)   The statutory income tax rate applicable to the Bank is 27.5% for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005. However, due to tax adjustments, the effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were 27.3% and 26.7%, respectively.

 

20.    Assets and Liabilities Denominated in Foreign Currencies:

 

(1)   Significant assets denominated in foreign currencies as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:

 

     2006    2005
    

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

  

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

Due from banks

   USD 71,690    (Won) 66,644    USD 37,663    (Won) 38,153

Available-for-sale securities

     11,115      10,332      11,322      11,469

Held-to-maturity securities

     —        —        8,000      8,104

Securities using the equity method

     97,413      90,556      86,379      87,503

Loans

     11,720,570      10,895,441      8,505,905      8,616,482

Bills bought in foreign currencies

     662,682      616,029      629,480      637,663

Advance for customers

     3,787      3,520      912      924

Call loans

     191,000      177,554      158,500      160,561
                           
   USD 12,758,257    (Won) 11,860,076    USD 9,438,161    (Won) 9,560,859
                           

 

(2)   Significant liabilities denominated in foreign currencies as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:

 

     2006    2005
    

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

  

USD in

thousands

  

Korean won

in millions

Borrowings

   USD 1,363,635    (Won) 1,267,635    USD 341,634    (Won) 346,075

Call money

     235,865      219,260      299,868      303,766

Debentures

     10,184,831      9,467,819      8,114,170      8,219,654
                           
   USD 11,784,331    (Won) 10,954,714    USD 8,755,672    (Won) 8,869,495
                           

 

Foreign currencies other than U.S. Dollar were translated into U.S. dollar amounts at the exchange rates announced by Seoul Money Brokerage Services, Ltd. (See Note 2).

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

21.    Related Party Transactions:

 

(1)   Related parties (all subsidiaries listed below are included in consolidation) as of December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     Capital    No. of shares    Ownership (%)

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   36,482    149,999    100.00

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

   12,085    400,000    100.00

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

   4,548    Limited company    85.00

KEXIM Asia Limited

   27,888    Limited company    100.00

 

(2)   Significant balances of assets and liabilities, and incomes and expenses from significant transactions with related parties as of and for the year ended December 31, 2006 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

(Assets)

 

     Loans in
foreign currencies
   Call loans    Total

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 106,164    (Won) 5,578    (Won) 111,742

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     46,945      —        46,945

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     76,227      —        76,227

KEXIM Asia Limited

     32,536      —        32,536
                    
   (Won) 261,872    (Won) 5,578    (Won) 267,450
                    

 

(Liabilities)

 

     Debentures in
foreign currencies

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 4,648
      

 

(Transactions)

 

     Interest
income
   Interest
expenses
  

Commission

income

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 5,595    (Won) 244    (Won) 33

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     2,681      —        5

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     4,336      —        —  

KEXIM Asia Limited

     1,725      —        —  
                    
   (Won) 14,337    (Won) 244    (Won) 38
                    

 

83


Table of Contents

THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

(3)   Related parties (all subsidiaries listed below are included in consolidation) as of December 31, 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

Related parties

   Capital    No. of shares    Ownership (%)

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   34,935    149,999    100.00

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

   13,169    400,000    100.00

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

   4,557    Limited company    85.00

KEXIM Asia Limited

   30,390    Limited company    100.00

 

(4)   Significant balances of assets and liabilities, and incomes and expenses from significant transactions with related parties as of and for the year ended December 31, 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

(Assets)

 

     Loans in
foreign currencies
   Call loans    Total

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 91,170    (Won) 15,195    (Won) 106,365

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     50,650      —        50,650

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     81,040      —        81,040

KEXIM Asia Limited

     11,650      4,559      16,209
                    
   (Won) 234,510    (Won) 19,754    (Won) 254,264
                    

 

(Liabilities)

 

     Debentures in
foreign currencies

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 5,065
      

 

(Transactions)

 

     Interest
income
   Interest
expenses
  

Commission

income

KEXIM Bank UK Limited

   (Won) 3,604    (Won) 400    (Won) —  

KEXIM Vietnam Leasing Co.

     1,778      —        12

PT. KOEXIM Mandiri Finance

     2,912      —        —  

KEXIM Asia Limited

     1,403      —        —  
                    
   (Won) 9,697    (Won) 400    (Won) 12
                    

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

22.    Statements of Cash Flows:

 

(1)   The statements of cash flows for the Bank are presented by the indirect method. Cash flows from the Bank’s major business including loans on credit and security transactions are classified as cash flows from investing activities and those from the receipts and borrowings are classified as cash flows from financing activities. Other cash flows are included in cash flows from operating activities.

 

(2)   Due from banks in the statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (won in millions):

 

     2006     2005

Due from banks in local currency

   (Won) 67,850     (Won) 5,894

Restricted due from banks

     (2,460 )     —  

Due from banks in foreign currencies

     66,644       38,153
              
   (Won) 132,034     (Won) 44,047
              

 

(3)   Significant transactions not involving cash inflows and outflows for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006     2005

Increase (decrease) in gain on valuation of available-for-sale securities

   (Won) (390,332 )   (Won) 591,565

Increase in capital from investment in kind

     —         500,000

Increase in available-for-sale securities resulting from the debt for equity swap

     125       12,193
              
   (Won) (390,207 )   (Won) 1,103,758
              

 

23.    Employee Welfare:

 

The Bank extends housing loans and operates in-house cafeteria, scholarship, medical insurance, workmen’s compensation, physical training facilities and recreational facilities, in order to enhance the employee welfare. Employee welfare expenses for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Meal expenses

   (Won) 95    (Won) 76

Medical expenses

     251      233

Fringe benefits

     4,678      4,161

Healthcare expenses

     339      330
             
   (Won) 5,363    (Won) 4,800
             

 

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THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF KOREA

NOTES TO NON-CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

For the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

24.    Computation of Value Added:

 

Amounts required for computation of value added were as follows (Won in millions):

 

     2006    2005

Ordinary income

   (Won) 231,673    (Won) 306,275

Salaries and wages

     57,326      53,154

Rental fees

     564      429

Depreciation

     3,888      4,045

Amortization expense of intangible assets

     1,788      1,656

Taxes and dues

     1,588      3,452
             
   (Won) 296,827    (Won) 369,011
             

 

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THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA

 

Land and History

 

Territory and Population

 

Located generally south of the 38th parallel on the Korean peninsula, The Republic of Korea covers about 38,000 square miles, approximately one-fourth of which is arable. The Republic has a population of approximately 48 million people. The country’s largest city and capital, Seoul, has a population of about 11 million people.

 

Political History

 

Dr. Rhee Seungman, who was elected president in each of 1948, 1952, 1956 and 1960, dominated the years after the Republic’s founding in 1948. Shortly after President Rhee’s resignation in 1960 in response to student-led demonstrations, a group of military leaders headed by Park Chung Hee assumed power by coup. The military leaders established a civilian government, and the country elected Mr. Park as President in October 1963. President Park served as President until his assassination in 1979 following a period of increasing strife between the Government and its critics.

 

The Government declared martial law and formed an interim government under Prime Minister Choi Kyu Hah, who became the next President. After clashes between the Government and its critics, President Choi resigned, and General Chun Doo Hwan, who took control of the Korean army, became President in 1980.

 

In late 1980, the country approved, by national referendum, a new Constitution, providing for indirect election of the President by an electoral college and for certain democratic reforms, and shortly thereafter, in early 1981, re-elected President Chun. Responding to public demonstrations in 1987, the legislature revised the Constitution to provide for direct election of the President. In December 1987, Roh Tae Woo won the Presidency by a narrow plurality, after opposition parties led by Kim Young Sam and Kim Dae Jung failed to unite behind a single candidate. In February 1990, two opposition political parties, including the one led by Kim Young Sam, merged into President Roh’s ruling Democratic Liberal Party.

 

In December 1992, the country elected Kim Young Sam as President. The election of a civilian and former opposition party leader considerably lessened the controversy concerning the legitimacy of the political regime. President Kim’s administration reformed the political sector and deregulated and internationalized the Korean economy.

 

In December 1997, the country elected Kim Dae Jung as President. President Kim’s party, the Millennium Democratic Party (formerly known as the National Congress for New Politics), formed a coalition with the United Liberal Democrats led by Kim Jong Pil, with Kim Jong Pil becoming the first prime minister in President Kim’s administration. The coalition, which temporarily ended before the election held in April 2000, continued with the appointment of Lee Han Dong of the United Liberal Democrats as the Prime Minister in June 2000. The coalition again ended in September 2001.

 

In December 2002, the country elected Roh Moo Hyun as President. President Roh began his term on February 25, 2003. The Roh administration announced that its key policy priorities would include:

 

   

pursuing a flexible macroeconomic policy mix to ensure stable economic growth through balanced growth in domestic demand and exports;

 

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nurturing emerging industries, encouraging research and development, and improving logistical infrastructure to maximize economic growth potential;

 

   

expanding the economic participation of women and the elderly, while establishing a sustainable social welfare system that is consistent with recent socio-economic progress;

 

   

continuing structural reforms that will result in a transparent, market-driven economy;

 

   

continuing with inter-Korean cooperation; and

 

   

continuing with efforts to resolve the North Korea nuclear issue peacefully through various diplomatic channels.

 

President Roh and his supporters left the Millennium Democratic Party in 2003 and formed a new party, the Uri Party, in November 2003.

 

Government and Politics

 

Government and Administrative Structure

 

Governmental authority in the Republic is centralized and concentrated in a strong presidency. The President is elected by popular vote and can only serve one term of five years. The President chairs the State Council, which consists of the prime minister, the deputy prime ministers, the respective heads of Government ministries and the ministers of state. The President can select the members of the State Council and appoint or remove all other Government officials, except for elected local officials.

 

The President can veto new legislation and take emergency measures in cases of natural disaster, serious fiscal or economic crisis, state of war or other similar circumstances. The President must promptly seek the concurrence of the National Assembly for any emergency measures taken and failing to do so automatically invalidates the emergency measures. In the case of martial law, the President may declare martial law without the consent of the National Assembly; provided, however, that the National Assembly may request the President to rescind such martial law.

 

The National Assembly exercises the country’s legislative power. The Constitution and the Election for Public Offices Act provide for the direct election of about 81% of the members of the National Assembly and the distribution of the remaining seats proportionately among parties winning more than 5 seats in the direct election or receiving over 3% of the popular vote. National Assembly members serve four-year terms. The National Assembly enacts laws, ratifies treaties and approves the national budget. The executive branch drafts most legislation and submits it to the National Assembly for approval.

 

The country’s judicial branch comprises the Supreme Court, the Constitutional Court and lower courts of various levels. The President appoints the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and appoints the other Justices of the Supreme Court upon the recommendation of the Chief Justice. All appointments to the Supreme Court require the consent of the National Assembly. The Chief Justice, with the consent of the conference of Supreme Court Justices, appoints all the other judges in Korea. Supreme Court Justices serve for six years and all other judges serve for ten years. Other than the Chief Justice, justices and judges may be reappointed to successive terms.

 

The President formally appoints all nine judges of the Constitutional Court, but three judges must be designated by the National Assembly and three by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Constitutional Court judges serve for six years and may be reappointed to successive terms.

 

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Administratively, the Republic comprises nine provinces and seven cities with provincial status: Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Inchon, Gwangju, Daejon and Ulsan. From 1961 to 1995, the national government controlled the provinces and the President appointed provincial officials. Local autonomy, including the election of provincial officials, was reintroduced in June 1995.

 

Political Organizations

 

The 17th legislative general election was held on April 15, 2004 to elect 299 National Assembly members. The Uri Party, which is the current ruling party, held a majority in the National Assembly following the April 2004 elections until June 2005. Currently, there are two major political parties, the Uri Party and the Grand National Party, or GNP.

 

As of April 26, 2007, the parties controlled the following number of seats in the National Assembly:

 

     Uri    GNP    Others    Total

Number of Seats

   108    128    63    299

 

Relations with North Korea

 

Relations between the Republic and North Korea have been tense over most of the Republic’s history. The Korean War, which took place between 1950 and 1953, began with the invasion of the Republic by communist forces from North Korea and, following a military stalemate, an armistice was reached establishing a demilitarized zone monitored by the United Nations in the vicinity of the 38th parallel.

 

North Korea maintains a regular military force estimated at more than 1,000,000 troops, mostly concentrated near the northern border of the demilitarized zone. The Republic’s military forces, composed of approximately 690,000 regular troops and almost 3.1 million reserves, maintain a state of military preparedness along the southern border of the demilitarized zone. In addition, the United States has historically maintained its military presence in the Republic. In October 2004, the United States and the Republic agreed to a three-phase withdrawal of approximately one-third of the 37,500 troops stationed in the Republic by the end of 2008. By the end of 2004, 5,000 U.S. troops departed the Republic in the first phase of such withdrawal and in the plan’s second phase, the United States removed 5,000 troops by the end of 2006. In the final phase, another 2,500 U.S. troops would be removed by the end of 2008.

 

Over the last few years, relations between the Republic and North Korea have generally improved, despite occasional difficult periods, such as the June 1999 and June 2002 incidents during which several North Korean naval ships intruded on the northern boundary of the Republic’s territorial waters, resulting in a series of hostile naval clashes, and the events relating to North Korea’s nuclear program described below. The Government believes that the general improvement in relations between the Republic and North Korea in the last several years has stemmed from expectations of increased economic cooperation. Trade between the two Koreas, which totaled US$287 million in 1995, increased to US$724 million in 2003. In November 1998, the Hyundai Group began operating tours for South Koreans to visit the Mount Kumgang region of North Korea after reaching an agreement for such tours with the North Korean government. In June 2000, then-President Kim Dae Jung met with North Korea’s leader Kim Jong-Il in Pyongyang, North Korea. This was the first summit meeting

 

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between the leaders of the Republic and North Korea since the nation was divided in 1945. After four rounds of discussions, the summit meeting resulted in the joint announcement by then-President Kim Dae Jung and North Korea’s leader Kim Jong-Il that the two nations had reached an accord to promote: (1) the autonomous pursuit of reunification; (2) the reunion of separated families; (3) the promotion of economic cooperation and exchange in various fields; and (4) the continuation of dialogue to implement the accord. Since the summit, 14 rounds of ministerial talks have been held through July 2004.

 

The level of tension between the two Koreas, as well as between North Korea and the United States, has increased as a result of North Korea’s admission to the maintenance of a nuclear weapons program in breach of the peace accord executed in October 1994, in response to which the United States, Japan, the Republic and the European Union (which became party to the 1994 accord in November 2002) decided to suspend shipments of oil to North Korea called for by the 1994 accord and reiterated their demands for the dismantling of North Korea’s nuclear weapons program. Following the suspension of oil shipments, North Korea removed seals and surveillance equipment from its main nuclear complex, the Yongbyon nuclear power plant, and evicted nuclear inspectors from the United Nations International Atomic Energy Agency, or the IAEA, in December 2002, and has reportedly reactivated a reactor at its Yongbyon nuclear power plant. In January 2003, North Korea announced its intention to withdraw from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, refusing to abandon its nuclear power and arms program unless the United States was to execute a non-aggression pact. In February 2003, the IAEA referred the nuclear issue to the United Nations Security Council. In an effort to secure a peaceful negotiated resolution to these events, the two Koreas continue to hold ministerial talks. In April 2003, the United States, North Korea and China held tripartite discussions in an effort to resolve issues relating to North Korea’s nuclear weapons program, during which North Korea reportedly admitted that it had already successfully developed nuclear weapons. In August 2003, representatives of the Republic, the United States, North Korea, China, Japan and Russia held multilateral talks in an effort to resolve issues relating to North Korea’s nuclear weapons program. While the talks concluded without resolution, participants in the August meeting indicated a further round of negotiations may take place in the future and, in February 2004, six-party talks resumed in Beijing, China. Again, the talks concluded without resolution, but the six-parties promised to push ahead the peace forum, agreeing in principle to hold the third round of talks in Beijing and to set up a working group in preparation for the plenary meeting. In June 2004, the third round of the six-party talks was held in Beijing which ended with an agreement by the parties to hold further talks by the end of September 2004.

 

In February 2005, North Korea declared that it had developed and is in possession of nuclear weapons. It also announced withdrawal from the six-party talks on its nuclear program. A two-phased fourth round of six party talks was held in Beijing, China during the summer and fall of 2005. In a joint statement released following the conclusion of this fourth round of talks in September 2005, North Korea agreed to abandon all nuclear weapons and programs and rejoin the Nuclear Non-Proliferation treaty at an early date. In return, the other five nations participating in the talks, China, Japan, the Republic, Russia and the United States, expressed a willingness to provide North Korea with energy assistance and other economic support. However, one day after the joint statement was released, North Korea announced that it would not dismantle its nuclear weapons program unless the United States agreed to provide civilian nuclear reactors in return, a demand that the United States rejected. In November 2005, representatives of the six nations reconvened in Beijing for the first phase of the fifth round of six party talks, which concluded without further progress with respect to the implementation of the joint statement. In July 2006, North Korea conducted several missile tests, which increased tensions in the region and raised strong objections from Japan and the United States. In response, the United Nations Security Council

 

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passed a resolution condemning such missile tests and banning any United Nations member state from conducting transactions with North Korea in connection with material or technology related to missile development or weapons of mass destruction. On October 9, 2006, North Korea announced that it had successfully conducted a nuclear test, which increased tensions in the region and raised strong objections from the Republic, the United States, Japan, China and other nations worldwide. In response, the United Nations Security Council passed a resolution which prohibits any United Nations member state from conducting transactions with North Korea in connection with any large-scale arms and material or technology related to missile development or weapons of mass destruction, and from providing luxury goods to North Korea, imposes an asset freeze and international travel ban on persons associated with North Korea’s weapons programs, and calls upon all United Nations member states to take cooperative action, including through inspection of cargo to or from North Korea. In December 2006, the six-party talks among the two Koreas, the United States, China, Japan and Russia resumed in Beijing and were concluded without resolution, but with an agreement by the parties to hold further six-party talks. On February 13, 2007, at the conclusion of the latest six-party talks held in February 2007, the six parties agreed to and jointly announced a denuclearization action plan. The action plan includes, among others, initial steps which must be implemented within 60 days from the announcement and which require North Korea to shut down and seal its main nuclear facilities at Yongbyon and to allow international inspectors to monitor and verify such process. In return for its compliance, North Korea is to receive economic, energy and humanitarian assistance, including an initial shipment of 50,000 tons of heavy fuel oil. Furthermore, the U.S. and Japan are each to begin bilateral discussions with North Korea to normalize their relations, and ministerial meetings between the six parties are to be held following the implementation of the initial steps. Finally, the parties agreed to hold the next round of the six-party talks beginning on March 19, 2007.

 

There can be no assurance that the level of tension will not escalate and that such escalation will not have a material adverse impact on the Republic’s economy or its ability to obtain future funding.

 

Over the longer term, reunification of the two Koreas could occur. Reunification may entail a significant economic commitment by the Republic.

 

Foreign Relations and International Organizations

 

The Republic maintains diplomatic relations with most nations of the world, most importantly with the United States with which it entered into a mutual defense treaty and several economic agreements. The Republic also has important relationships with Japan and China, its largest trading partners after the United States.

 

The Republic belongs to a number of supranational organizations, including:

 

   

the International Monetary Fund, or the IMF;

 

   

the World Bank;

 

   

the Asian Development Bank, or ADB;

 

   

the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency;

 

   

the International Finance Corporation;

 

   

the International Development Association;

 

   

the African Development Bank;

 

 

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the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development;

 

   

the Bank for International Settlements;

 

   

the World Trade Organization, or WTO; and

 

   

the Inter-American Development Bank, or IDB.

 

In September 1991, the Republic and North Korea became members of the United Nations. During the 1996 and 1997 sessions, the Republic served as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.

 

In March 1995, the Republic applied for admission to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or the OECD, which the Republic officially joined as the twenty-ninth regular member in December 1996.

 

The Economy

 

Economic Developments since 1997

 

In 1997 and 1998, Korean companies, banks and other financial institutions experienced financial difficulties brought on by a number of factors, including among others, excessive investment and high levels of foreign currency and Won denominated debt incurred by Korean companies. The economic difficulties of certain Southeast Asian countries beginning in 1997 also adversely affected the Korean economy. The Korean economy, however, has recovered since 1998, as the Government implemented comprehensive programs for economic reform and recovery aimed at rectifying the causes of the economic and financial difficulties it experienced in 1997 and 1998.

 

The following table sets forth information regarding certain of the Republic’s key economic indicators for the periods indicated.

 

    As of or for the year ended December 31,  
    1997     1998     1999     2000     2001     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006  
    (billions of dollars and trillions of won, except percentages)  

GDP Growth(1)

    4.7 %     (6.9 )%     9.5 %     8.5 %     3.8 %     7.0 %     3.1 %     4.7 %     4.0 %(2)     5.0 (2)

Inflation

    4.4 %     7.5 %     0.8 %     2.3 %     4.1 %     2.7 %     3.6 %     3.6 %     2.7 %     2.2 %

Unemployment(3)

    2.6 %     7.0 %     6.3 %     4.4 %     4.0 %     3.3 %     3.6 %     3.7 %     3.7 %     3.5 %

Trade Surplus

  $ (8.5 )   $ 39.0     $ 23.9     $ 11.8     $ 9.3     $ 10.3     $ 15.0     $ 29.4     $ 23.2     $ 16.4  

Foreign Currency Reserves

  $ 20.4     $ 52.0     $ 74.1     $ 96.2     $ 102.8     $ 121.4     $ 155.4     $ 199.1     $ 210.4     $ 239.0  

External Liabilities(4)

  $ 174.2     $ 163.8     $ 152.9     $ 148.5     $ 130.4     $ 143.0     $ 161.6     $ 177.6     $ 190.0       N/A (5)

Fiscal Balance

  (Won) (7.0 )   (Won) (18.8 )   (Won) (13.1 )   (Won) 6.5     (Won) 7.3     (Won) 22.7     (Won) 8.1     (Won) 5.6     (Won) 5.1       3.6  

(1)   At constant market prices.
(2)   Preliminary.
(3)   Average for year.
(4)   Starting from June 2003, the total external liabilities of the Republic are calculated under criteria published in a compilation by nine international organizations including the IMF and the World Bank in 2003. Prior to June 2003, the Republic had calculated its total external debt using criteria agreed with the IMF during the financial crisis at the end of 1997. See “—Debt—External Debt” for a description of the changes in the criteria.
(5)   Not available.

Source: The Bank of Korea.

 

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The Republic’s economic and financial difficulties in 1997 and 1998 and its subsequent recovery and reforms included the following:

 

   

Financial condition of Korean companies.    A significant number of Korean companies, including member companies of the conglomerates known as “chaebols” that dominate the Korean economy, struggled financially due to excessive investment in some industries, weak export performances and high levels of debt and foreign currency exposure. Many of these Korean companies failed beginning in early 1997, including the Hanbo Group, the Sammi Group, the Kia Group and the Jinro Group. Following the series of corporate failures in the late 1990s, other Korean companies underwent corporate restructuring, including the Daewoo Group, Hynix Semiconductor, SK Networks and LG Card.

 

   

Financial condition of Korean banks and other financial institutions.    The capital adequacy and liquidity of most Korean banks and other financial institutions have been adversely affected by the financial difficulties of corporate borrowers, high levels of short-term foreign currency borrowings from foreign financial institutions and consideration of non-market oriented factors in making lending decisions. Since December 1997, the Government has been restructuring and recapitalizing troubled financial institutions, including closing insolvent financial institutions and those failing to carry out rehabilitation plans within specified periods. Through recapitalization, the Government became the controlling shareholder of Korea First Bank, Seoul Bank, Woori Bank and Chohung Bank. The Government subsequently sold its controlling interest in Korea First Bank, Seoul Bank and Chohung Bank, each of which was later merged into or sold to other banks. Korean financial institutions have also voluntarily pursued mergers and acquisitions.

 

   

Foreign currency reserves.    The Republic’s foreign currency reserves fell to US$20.4 billion as of December 31, 1997 from US$33.2 billion as of December 31, 1996, due mainly to repatriations by foreign investors of their investments in Korea and reduced availability of credit from foreign sources. Since the end of 1997, however, the Government’s foreign currency reserves have continued to increase, reaching US$243.9 billion as of March 31, 2007, due primarily to continued trade surpluses and capital inflows.

 

   

Credit rating changes.    From October 1997 to January 1998, the rating agencies downgraded the Republic’s credit ratings, with Moody’s downgrading the Republic’s long-term foreign currency rating on bond obligations from A1 to Ba1, Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services downgrading the Republic’s long-term foreign currency rating from AA- to B+ and Fitch International Banking Credit Agency downgrading the Republic’s long-term currency rating from AA- to B-. Since that time, the rating agencies have raised the country’s ratings significantly, with Moody’s upgrading the Republic’s long-term foreign currency rating to A3, Standard and Poor’s to A- and Fitch to A in 2002. In 2003, Moody’s changed its outlook on the long-term foreign currency rating of Korea to negative from positive due primarily to the heightened security concerns stemming from North Korea’s nuclear weapons program. In 2004, Moody’s changed its outlook on the long-term foreign currency rating of Korea to stable from negative due primarily to the Republic’s continued stability in its public-sector debt position. In July 2005, Standard & Poor’s upgraded the Republic’s long-term foreign currency rating from A- to A. In October 2005, Fitch raised the Republic’s long-term foreign currency rating from A to A+. In April 2006, Moody’s changed its outlook on the long-term foreign currency rating of Korea to positive from stable.

 

   

Interest rate fluctuations.    In late 1997 and 1998, interest rates payable by Korean borrowers increased substantially, both domestically and internationally, due to adverse economic

 

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conditions and the depreciation of the Won. Since the fourth quarter of 1998, however, interest rates have fallen significantly, primarily driven by improved economic conditions and The Bank of Korea interest rate policy. Internationally, the spreads over United States treasury bonds on benchmark dollar-denominated bonds issued by the Republic and Korean financial institutions and companies have improved since the second half of 1998. If interest rates were to rise significantly in the future, the debt service costs of Korean borrowers and the possibility of defaults on debt repayments may increase.

 

   

Exchange rate fluctuations.    Due to adverse economic conditions and reduced liquidity, the value of the Won relative to the U.S. dollar and other major foreign currencies declined substantially in 1997. Due to improved economic conditions and continued trade surpluses, however, the Won has generally appreciated against the U.S. dollar since the end of 1997. Won depreciation substantially increases the amount of Won revenue needed by Korean companies to repay foreign currency-denominated debt, increases the possibility of defaults and results in higher prices for imports, including key raw materials such as oil, sugar and flour. On the other hand, Won appreciation generally has an adverse effect on exports by Korean companies.

 

   

Stock market volatility.    The Korea Composite Stock Price Index declined by over 56% from 647.1 on September 30, 1997 to 280.0 on June 16, 1998. The index recovered to 1,441.3 on March 12, 2007, which represented a more than four-fold increase since June 16, 1998. Significant sales of Korean securities by foreign investors and the repatriation of the sales proceeds could drive down the value of the Won, reduce the foreign currency reserves held by financial institutions in the Republic and hinder the ability of Korean companies to raise capital.

 

Gross Domestic Product

 

Gross domestic product, or GDP, measures the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country for a given period and reveals whether a country’s productive output rises or falls over time. Economists present GDP in both current and constant market prices. GDP at current market prices values a country’s output using the actual prices of each year and GDP at constant market prices values output using the prices from a base year, thereby eliminating the distorting effects of inflation or deflation.

 

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The following table sets out the composition of the Republic’s GDP at current and constant 2000 market prices and the annual average increase in the Republic’s GDP.

 

Gross Domestic Product(1)

 

    2002     2003     2004     2005     2006(2)    

As % of
GDP

2006(2)

 
    (billions of won)  

Gross Domestic Product at Current Market Prices:

           

Private

  381,063.0     389,177.2     401,468.8     426,690.6     453,870.4     53.5  

Government

  88,512.2     96,203.2     105,519.9     114,838.2     125,526.8     14.8  

Gross Capital Formation

  199,006.0     217,099.0     230,216.6     243,659.5     252,536.9     29.8  

Change in Inventories

  (41.5 )   291.9     6,430.1     6,420.0     6,345.4     0.7  

Exports of Goods and Services

  241,209.0     274,995.1     342,865.5     342,588.0     366,502.8     43.2  

Less Imports of Goods and Services

  (231,764.7 )   (257,727.7 )   (309,647.4 )   (323,466.8 )   (357,154.9 )   42.1  

Statistical Discrepancy

  6,237.9     4,928.2     2,529.9     6,206.3     6,594.4     0.8  
                                   

Expenditures on Gross Domestic Product

  684,263.5     724,675.0     779,380.5     810,515.9     847,876.4     100.0  

Net Factor Income from the Rest of the World

  805.6     1,009.9     1,793.7     (1,216.1 )   (15.2 )   —    
                                   

Gross National Product(1)

  685,069.0     725,420.3     781,174.2     809,299.8     847,861.3     100.0  
                                   

Gross Domestic Product at Constant 2000 Market Prices:

           

Private

  353,560.3     349,200.2     348,067.2     360,720.6     375,901.7     49.5  

Government

  77,923.9     80,876.8     83,895.2     88,120.6     93,267.9     12.3  

Gross Capital Formation

  189,897.7     194,578.9     203,187.9     208,076.6     214,224.9     28.2  

Change in Inventories

  (1,566.9 )   (4,469.0 )   671.1     21.8     (399.8 )   (0.1 )

Exports of Goods and Services

  260,220.9     300,824.3     359,709.5     390,443.5     438,805.2     57.8  

Less Imports of Goods and Services

  (240,665.1 )   (264,929.7 )   (301,718.5 )   (323,604.7 )   (360,331.3 )   (47.5 )

Statistical Discrepancy

  1,810.4     2,104.3     183.1     (629.8 )   (2,634.0 )   (0.3 )
                                   

Expenditures on Gross Domestic Product

  642,748.1     662,654.8     693,995.5     723,126.8     759,234.4     100.0  

Net Factor Income from the Rest of the World in the Terms of Trade

  (715.6 )   642.7     1,513.8     (1,030.3 )   (29.5 )   —    
                                   

Trading Gains and Losses from Changes

  (9,621.6 )   (17,510.0 )   (24,471.6 )   (46,437.8 )   (68,118.2 )   (9.0 )
                                   

Gross National Income(3)

  663,842.1     645,787.6     671,037.7     675,658.7     691,086.7     91.0  
                                   

Percentage Increase (Decrease) of GDP over Previous Year At Current Prices

  10.0     5.9     7.5     4.0     4.6    

At Constant 2000 Market Prices

  7.0     3.1     4.7     4.2     5.0    

(1)   GDP plus net factor income from the rest of the world is equal to the Republic’s gross national product.
(2)   Preliminary.
(3)   GDP plus net factor income from the rest of the world and trading gains and losses from changes in the terms of trade is equal to the Republic’s gross national income.

Source: National Accounts Year 2006; The Bank of Korea.

 

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The following tables set out the Republic’s GDP by economic sector at current and constant 2000 market prices:

 

Gross Domestic Product by Economic Sector

(at current market prices)

 

     2002    2003    2004    2005     2006(1)    

As % of
GDP

2006(1)

     (billions of won)

Industrial Sectors:

               

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

   24,654.9    24,166.1    26,246.2    24,631.4     24,473.3     2.9

Mining and Manufacturing

   164,003.4    171,208.0    200,830.8    207,327.2     212,503.3     25.0

Mining and Quarrying

   2,051.4    2,062.6    2,276.5    2,626.2     2,667.9     0.3

Manufacturing

   161,952.0    169,145.4    198,554.3    204,701.0     209,835.4     24.7

Electricity, Gas and Water

   15,929.4    17,011.2    16,732.6    16,838.7     17,558.9     2.1

Construction

   51,541.7    61,329.8    64,772.5    66,375.0     68,434.3     8.1

Services:

   345,962.6    366,046.6    385,735.2    324,867.7     430,832.0     50.8

Wholesale and Retail Trade, Restaurants and Hotels

   62,656.7    63,583.6    65,531.9    67,862.2     70,945.9     8.4

Transportation, Storage and Communication

   45,133.8    47,787.0    50,969.0    52,429.5     54,194.3     6.4

Financial Intermediation

   54,844.4    56,690.8    57,266.2    60,483.5     63,696.4     7.5

Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

   76,822.4    81,804.7    86,027.8    90,482.4     96,427.5     11.4

Public Administration and Defense; Compulsory Social Security

   35,557.2    38,700.9    42,209.6    45,429.4     49,018.4     5.8

Education

   32,296.7    35,760.7    39,194.9    41,569.8     44,427.9     5.2

Health and Social Work

   17,432.4    19,012.7    20,847.5    23,069.3     25,683.6     3.0

Other Service Activities

   21,219.0    22,706.2    23,688.3    24,975.6     26,437.0     3.1

Taxes less subsidies on products

   82,171.6    84,913.1    85,063.0    89,041.7     94,074.6     11.1
                               

Gross Domestic Product at Current Prices

   684,263.5    724,675.0    779,380.5    810,515.9     847,876.4     100.0
                               

Net Factor Income from the Rest of the World

   805.6    745.3    1,793.7    (1,216.1 )   (15.2 )   —  

Gross National Income at Current Price

   685,069.0    725,420.3    781,174.2    809,299.8     847,861.3     100.0

(1)   Preliminary.

Source: National Accounts Year 2006; The Bank of Korea.

 

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Gross Domestic Product by Economic Sector

(at constant 2000 market prices)

 

    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006(1)   As % of
GDP
2006(1)
    (billions of won)

Industrial Sectors:

           

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

  24,422.2   23,138.3   25,258.5   25,446.6   24,785.3   3.3

Mining and Manufacturing

  168,121.6   177,311.9   196,832.1   210,587.0   228,153.8   30.1

Mining and Quarrying

  1,878.7   1,894.9   1,946.5   1,913.7   1,965.8   0.3

Manufacturing

  166,242.9   175,417.0   194,885.6   208,673.3   226,188.0   29.8

Electricity, Gas and Water

  15,258.0   15,981.3   17,035.3   18,360.7   19,005.6   2.5

Construction

  46,529.4   50,548.7   51,459.1   51,413.0   51,360.9   6.8

Services:

  316,104.8   321,011.9   327,166.7   338,177.8   352,231.5   46.4

Wholesale and Retail Trade, Restaurants and Hotels

  61,301.0   59,563.9   59,471.4   60,687.0   62,792.5   8.3

Transportation, Storage and Communication

  45,328.6   47,486.1   50,808.6   53,254.2   55,748.9   7.3

Financial Intermediation

  46,641.6   46,855.5   46,211.5   48,392.3   50,683.5   6.7

Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities

  71,725.5   73,291.6   74,690.0   77,247.9   80,800.7   10.6

Public Administration and Defense: Compulsory Social Security

  30,393.6   31,189.9   31,838.1   32,662.5   33,642.7   4.4

Education

  28,123.2   29,169.8   29,813.6   30,174.2   30,983.4   4.1

Health and Social Work

  12,654.1   13,298.7   13,965.2   14,752.8   15,811.5   2.1

Other Service Activities

  19,937.2   20,156.4   20,368.3   21,006.9   21,768.3   2.9

Taxes less subsidies on products

  72,312.0   74,662.7   76,243.6   79,141.8   83,697.4   11.0
                       

Gross Domestic Product at Market Prices

  642,748.1   662,654.8   693,995.5   723,126.8   759,234.4   100.0
                       

(1)   Preliminary.

Source: National Accounts Year 2006; The Bank of Korea.

 

GDP growth in 2002 was 7.0% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 7.6% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 6.6%.

 

GDP growth in 2003 was 3.1% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures decreased by 0.3% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 4.0%, each compared with 2002.

 

GDP growth in 2004 was 4.7% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 0.4% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 2.1%, each compared with 2003.

 

GDP growth in 2005 was 4.2% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 3.9% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 2.4%, each compared with 2004.

 

Based on preliminary data, GDP growth in 2006 was 5.0% at constant market prices, as aggregate private and general government consumption expenditures increased by 4.5% and gross domestic fixed capital formation increased by 3.2%, each compared with 2005.

 

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Principal Sectors of the Economy

 

Industrial Sectors

 

The following table sets out production indices for the principal industrial products of the Republic and their relative contribution to total industrial production:

 

Industrial Production

(2000 = 100)

 

   

Index

Weight(1)

  2002   2003   2004   2005   2006(2)

Mining

  36.2   103.9   103.1   100.0   93.8   92.5

Coal

  4.7   83.4   84.3   86.1   88.5   91.1

Metal Ores

  0.8   96.7   84.5   111.0   107.1   121.3

Others

  30.7   107.2   106.5   101.9   94.2   91.9

Manufacturing

  9,362.9   108.4   113.8   126.2   134.0   148.1

Food Products and Beverages

  658.8   108.6   106.7   108.9   108.3   108.8

Tobacco Products

  53.4   99.9   130.3   140.9   113.5   126.9

Textiles

  472.7   84.6   76.5   70.8   63.5   58.2

Apparel and Fur Articles

  210.3   98.0   82.5   82.4   86.6   93.7

Tanning and Dressing of Leather

  97.6   87.6   75.5   65.1   58.8   58.6

Wood and Wood and Cork Products

  62.2   112.8   113.9   109.1   104.4   111.7

Pulp, Paper and Paper Products

  193.2   105.3   105.4   108.7   109.3   109.4

Publishing, Printing and Reproduction of Record Media

  226.8   109.3   101.2   98.3   92.6   92.6

Coke, Refined Petroleum Products and Nuclear Fuel

  309.9   88.2   91.1   94.1   97.0   98.2

Chemicals and Chemical Products

  856.9   109.2   113.4   119.0   122.7   127.0

Rubber and Plastic Products

  429.9   109.2   112.0   115.7   118.0   124.4

Non-Metallic Mineral Products

  331.5   104.2   110.1   108.4   101.3   101.9

Basic Metals

  566.2   106.4   111.9   117.6   118.0   121.3

Fabricated Metal Products

  414.8   95.6   97.4   99.9   98.4   101.7

Machinery and Equipment

  812.5   104.5   109.0   119.7   123.0   131.3

Office, Accounting and Computing Machinery

  330.8   111.4   97.4   85.4   78.0   77.9

Electrical Machinery and Apparatus and Others

  379.8   104.2   107.2   116.0   120.1   128.7

Radio, Television and Communication Equipment

  1,481.0   131.6   158.7   214.9   258.1   323.1

Medical Precision and Optical Instrument, Watches

  105.0   100.9   102.8   104.4   98.9   97.2

Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Semitrailers

  916.1   107.3   114.3   127.6   138.3   150.2

Other Transport Equipment

  274.6   119.4   127.5   145.2   156.3   173.8

Furniture and Other Manufactured Goods

  178.9   94.6   87.3   83.0   78.0   73.4

Electricity and Gas

  600.9   115.0   121.3   128.4   137.5   143.5

All Items

  10,000.0   108.8   114.2   126.2   134.1   147.6

Percentage Increase (Decrease) of All Items Over Previous Year

    8.0   5.2   10.2   6.3   10.1

(1)   Index weights were established on the basis of an industrial census in 2000 and reflect the average annual value added by production in each of the classifications shown, expressed as a percentage of total value added in the mining, manufacturing and electricity and gas industries in that year.
(2)   Preliminary

Source: The Bank of Korea.

 

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Industrial production increased by 8.0% in 2002 primarily due to strong domestic consumption and increased exports. Industrial production increased by 5.2% in 2003 primarily due to increased exports and construction investment growth although domestic consumption was sluggish during 2003. Industrial production increased by 10.2% in 2004 primarily due to increased exports and domestic consumption recovery. Industrial production increased by 6.3% in 2005 primarily due to strong exports and increased domestic consumption. Based on preliminary data, industrial production increased by 10.1% in 2006 primarily due to increased exports and domestic consumption.

 

Manufacturing

 

The manufacturing sector increased production by 8.2% in 2002, 5.4% in 2003, 10.5% in 2004 and 6.2% in 2005. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the manufacturing sector increased production by 10.2%.

 

In 2002, light industry recorded a 1.9% increase due to increased production of food products. In 2003, light industry recorded a 4.1% decline due to the decreased production of textile, apparel, publishing and printing and food products and beverages. In 2004, light industry recorded a 0.8% decrease due to decreased production of food products, textile, apparel and furniture. In 2005, light industry recorded a 2.8% decrease due to decreased production of textile, wood products, publishing and printing, furniture and non-metallic mineral products. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, light industry recorded a 0.6% decrease.

 

Automobiles.    In 2002, automobile production increased by 6.8%, domestic sales recorded an increase of 11.8% and exports recorded an increase of 0.6%, each compared with 2001. In 2003, automobile production increased by 1.0%, domestic sales recorded a decrease of 18.7% and exports recorded an increase of 20.2%, each compared with 2002. In 2004, automobile production increased by 9.2%, domestic sales recorded a decrease of 17.0% and exports recorded an increase of 31.1%, compared with 2003. In 2005, automobile production increased by 6.6%, domestic sales recorded an increase of 4.5% and exports recorded an increase of 8.7%, compared with 2004. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, automobile production increased by 3.8%, domestic sales recorded an increase of 1.9% and exports recorded an increase of 2.4%, compared with 2005.

 

Electronics.    In 2002, electronics production increased by 17.3% and exports increased by 17.2%, each compared with 2001 primarily due to the growth in global information technology products demand. In 2002, export sales of semiconductor memory chips constituted approximately 10.2% of the Republic’s total exports. In 2003, electronics production increased by 17.1% and exports increased by 21.8%, each compared with 2002 primarily due to the continued growth in global information technology products demand. In 2003, export sales of semiconductor memory chips constituted approximately 10.1% of the Republic’s total exports. In 2004, electronics production increased by 21.8% and exports increased by 29.6%, each compared with 2003 primarily due to growth in exports of semiconductor memory chips and global information technology products. In 2004, export sales of semiconductor memory chips constituted approximately 10.4% of the Republic’s total exports. In 2005, electronics production increased by 16.0% and exports increased by 7.1%, each compared with 2004 primarily due to continued growth in exports of semiconductor memory chips and global information technology products. In 2005, export sales of semiconductor memory chips constituted approximately 10.5% of the Republic’s total exports. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, electronics production increased by 15.5% and exports increased by 12.4%, each compared with 2005. In 2006, export sales of semiconductor memory chips constituted approximately 5.3% of the Republic’s total exports.

 

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Iron and Steel.    In 2002, crude steel production totaled 45.4 million tons, an increase of 3.5% from 2001. Domestic sales increased by 14.6% due to the recovery of the domestic economy and exports increased by 2.3%. In 2003, crude steel production totaled 46.3 million tons, an increase of 2.0% from 2002. Domestic sales increased by 3.8% and exports increased by 31.8%. In 2004, crude steel production totaled 47.5 million tons, an increase of 2.6% from 2003. Domestic sales increased by 3.6% and exports increased by 44.4% due to increased demand in China. In 2005, crude steel production totaled 47.8 million tons, an increase of 0.5% from 2004. Domestic sales increased by 0.3% and exports increased by 23.8% due to continued strong demand in China. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, crude steel production totaled 48.4 million tons, an increase of 1.3% from 2005. Domestic sales increased by 5.3% and exports increased by 14.2%.

 

Shipbuilding.    In 2002, the Republic’s shipbuilding orders amounted to 6.5 million compensated gross tons, a decrease of 6.2% compared to 2001. In 2003, the Republic’s shipbuilding orders amounted to 15.8 million compensated gross tons, an increase of 143.1% compared to 2002. In 2004, the Republic’s shipbuilding orders amounted to 15.2 million compensated gross tons, a decrease of 3.8% compared to 2003. In 2005, the Republic’s shipbuilding orders amounted to 11.8 million compensated gross tons, a decrease of 22.4% compared to 2004. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the Republic’s shipbuilding orders amounted to 18.9 million compensated gross tons, an increase of 60.2% compared to 2005.

 

Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries

 

The Government’s agricultural policy has traditionally focused on:

 

   

grain production;

 

   

development of irrigation systems;

 

   

land consolidation and reclamation;

 

   

seed improvement;

 

   

mechanization measures to combat drought and flood damage; and

 

   

increasing agricultural incomes.

 

Recently, however, the Government has increased emphasis on cultivating profitable crops and strengthening international competitiveness in anticipation of opening the domestic agricultural market.

 

In 2002, the production of rice, the largest agricultural product in Korea, decreased 10.7% from 2001 to 4.9 million tons. In 2003, rice production decreased 9.7% from 2002 to 4.5 million tons. In 2004, rice production increased 12.3% from 2003 to 5.0 million tons. In 2005, rice production decreased 4.6% from 2004 to 4.8 million tons. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, rice production decreased 2.1% from 2005 to 4.7 million tons. Due to limited crop yields resulting from geographical and physical constraints, the Republic depends on imports for certain basic foodstuffs. In 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, the Republic’s self sufficiency ratio was 56.8%, 58.3%, 53.3%, 50.2% and 53.4%, respectively.

 

The Government is seeking to develop the fishing industry by encouraging the building of large fishing vessels and modernizing fishing equipment, marketing techniques and distribution outlets.

 

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In 2002, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry, which decreased by 3.5% compared to 2001, was affected by unusually unfavorable weather conditions, including a severe typhoon during the month of September. In 2003, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry decreased by 5.3% compared to 2002 primarily due to unfavorable weather conditions. In 2004, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry increased by 9.2% compared to 2003 primarily due to increased production of rice, fruits and vegetables, as well as an increase in fishing catch. In 2005, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry increased by 0.7% compared to 2004 primarily due to slightly increased production of rice, fruits and corns. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry decreased by 2.6% compared to 2005 primarily due to a slowdown in the cultivation and livestock industry.

 

Construction

 

In 2002, the construction industry increased by 2.8% compared to 2001 due to the expansion of residential and commercial construction. In 2003, the construction industry increased by 8.6% compared to 2002, mainly driven by a surge in building construction, notably of commercial and residential buildings. In 2004, the construction industry increased by 1.8% compared to 2003 primarily due to a steady increase in residential and commercial construction. In 2005, the construction industry increased by 0.1% compared to 2004 primarily due to a slight increase in residential and commercial construction. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the construction industry decreased by 0.1% compared to 2005 primarily due to a slight decrease in the construction of residential and commercial buildings.

 

Electricity and Gas

 

The following table sets out the Republic’s dependence on imports for energy consumption:

 

Dependence on Imports for Energy Consumption

 

    

Total Energy

Consumption

   Imports   

Imports

Dependence
Ratio

     (millions of tons of oil equivalents, except ratios)

2002

   208.8    202.7    97.1

2003

   215.1    208.5    96.9

2004

   220.2    213.2    96.8

2005

   228.6    221.1    96.7

2006

   231.5    224.0    96.8

Source: Korea Energy Economics Institute.

 

Korea has no domestic oil or gas production and depends on imported oil and gas to meet its energy requirements. Accordingly, the international prices of oil and gas significantly affect the Korean economy. Any significant long-term increase in the prices of oil and gas will increase inflationary pressures in Korea and adversely affect the Republic’s balance of trade.

 

To reduce its dependence on oil and gas imports, the Government has encouraged energy conservation and energy source diversification emphasizing nuclear energy. The following table sets out the principal primary sources of energy consumed in the Republic, expressed in oil equivalents and as a percentage of total energy consumption.

 

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Consumption of Energy by Source

 

     Coal    Petroleum    Nuclear    Others    Total
     Quantity    %    Quantity    %    Quantity    %    Quantity    %    Quantity    %
     (millions of tons of oil equivalents, except percentages)

2002

   49.1    23.5    102.4    49.1    29.8    14.3    27.5    13.1    208.8    100.0

2003

   51.1    23.7    102.4    47.6    32.4    15.1    29.2    13.5    215.1    100.0

2004

   53.1    24.1    100.6    45.7    32.7    14.8    33.8    15.4    220.2    100.0

2005

   54.8    24.0    101.5    44.4    36.7    16.1    36.1    15.5    228.6    100.0

2006

   56.7    24.5    101.4    43.8    37.2    16.1    36.2    15.6    231.5    100.0

Source: Korea Energy Economics Institute.

 

The Republic’s first nuclear power plant went into full operation in 1978 with a rated generating capacity of 587 megawatts. Construction of an additional 18 nuclear power plants was completed by July 2004, adding 16,129 megawatts of generating capacity. The Republic’s total nuclear power generating capacity is estimated to be 17,715 megawatts as of December 31, 2005.

 

Services Sector

 

In 2002, the transportation, storage and communications sector increased by 9.2% compared with 2001. In 2003, the transportation, storage and communications sector increased by 4.8% compared with 2002. In 2004, the transportation, storage and communications sector increased by 7.0%. In 2005, the transportation, storage and communications sector increased by 4.8%. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the transportation, storage and communications sector increased by 4.7%. In 2002, the financing, insurance, real estate and business service subsector increased by 11.0% compared with 2001. In 2003, the financing, insurance, real estate and business service subsector increased by 1.5% compared with 2002. In 2004, the financing, real estate and business service subsector increased by 1.4% compared to 2003. In 2005, the financing, real estate and business service subsector increased by 3.4% compared to 2004. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the financing, real estate and business service subsector increased by 4.2% compared to 2005.

 

Prices, Wages and Employment

 

The following table shows selected price and wage indices and unemployment rates:

 

    

Producer

Price

Index(1)

  

Increase

Over

Previous

Year

   

Consumer

Price

Index(1)

  

Increase

Over

Previous

Year

  

Wage

Index(1)(2)

   

Increase

Over

Previous

Year

   

Unemployment

Rate(1)(3)

     (2000=100)    (%)     (2000=100)    (%)    (2000=100)     (%)     (%)

2002

   99.2    (0.3 )   106.9    2.7    116.8     11.2     3.3

2003

   101.4    2.2     110.7    3.6    127.6     9.2     3.6

2004

   107.6    6.1     114.7    3.6    135.2     6.0     3.7

2005

   109.9    2.1     117.8    2.7    144.2     6.6     3.7

2006

   112.4    2.3     120.4    2.2    N/A (4)   N/A (4)   3.5

(1)   Average for year.
(2)   Nominal wage index of earnings in all industries.
(3)   Expressed as a percentage of the economically active population.
(4)   Not available.

Source: The Bank of Korea; Korea National Statistical Office.

 

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The Government’s economic policy has helped keep inflation low. The inflation rate was 2.7% in 2002, 3.6% in 2003, 3.6% in 2004 and 2.7% in 2005. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the inflation rate was 2.2%.

 

The unemployment rate was 3.3% in 2002, 3.6% in 2003, 3.7% in 2004 and 3.7% in 2005. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the unemployment rate was 3.5%.

 

From 1992 to 2005, the economically active population of the Republic increased by 21.5% to 23.7 million, while the number of employees increased by 21.2% to 22.9 million. The economically active population over 15 years old as a percentage of the total over-15 population has remained between 60% and 63% over the past decade. Literacy among workers under 50 is almost universal.

 

As of July 1, 2004, Korea adopted a five-day workweek for large corporations with over 1,000 employees, publicly-owned (state-run) companies, banks and insurance companies, reducing working hours from 44 to 40 hours a week. The adoption of the five-day workweek has been extended to companies with over 300 employees and to government employees as of July 1, 2005 and to companies with over 100 employees as of July 1, 2006. Companies with more than 50 employees are expected to adopt the five-day workweek by July of 2007 and those with over 20 by July 2008.

 

Approximately 10.8% of the Republic’s workers were unionized as of December 31, 2003. In the early 2000s, the labor unions of several of the Republic’s largest commercial banks, including Kookmin Bank, Shinhan Bank (formerly Chohung Bank) and KorAm Bank, staged strikes in response to consolidation in the banking industry. In addition, in the summer of 2004 and 2005, respectively, unionized workers of GS Caltex Corporation and Asiana Airlines staged strikes demanding better compensation and working conditions. In the fall of 2005, unionized workers at Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Motors Corp. went on strikes during annual contract talks. In December 2005, Korean Air’s unionized pilots also staged strikes demanding a higher wage increase. In the summer of 2006, unionized workers of Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Motors Corp. went on partial strikes demanding better compensation and working conditions, and unionized workers of Ssangyong Motor Company went on strike in response to the company’s proposed layoff plans. Also, in July 2006, unionized workers of POSCO’s subcontractors initiated a sit-in strike at POSCO’s headquarters in Pohang demanding better wages and working conditions, disrupting POSCO’s operations for nine days. Actions such as these by labor unions may hinder implementation of the labor reform measures and disrupt the Government’s plans to create a more flexible labor market. Although much effort is being expended to resolve labor disputes in a peaceful manner, there can be no assurance that further labor unrest will not occur in the future. Continued labor unrest in key industries of the Republic may have an adverse effect on the economy.

 

In 1997, the Korean Confederation of Trade Unions organized a political alliance, which led to the formation of the Democratic Labor Party in January 2000. The Democratic Labor Party, which seeks to represent the interests of workers, currently controls nine seats in the National Assembly.

 

The Financial System

 

Structure of the Financial Sector

 

The Republic’s financial sector includes the following categories of financial institutions:

 

   

The Bank of Korea;

 

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banking institutions;

 

   

non-bank financial institutions; and

 

   

other financial entities, including:

 

   

securities institutions;

 

   

credit guarantee institutions;

 

   

venture capital companies; and

 

   

miscellaneous others.

 

To increase transparency in financial transactions and enhance the integrity and efficiency of the financial markets, Korean law requires that financial institutions confirm that their clients use their real names when transacting business. To ease the liquidity crisis, the Government altered the real-name financial transactions system during 1998, to allow the sale or deposit of foreign currencies through domestic financial institutions and the purchase of certain bonds, including Government bonds, without identification. The Government also strengthened confidentiality protection for private financial transactions.

 

The Government has recently proposed the Act on Capital Markets and Financial Investment Business, or ACMFIB, under which various industry-based capital markets regulatory systems currently in place will be consolidated into a single regulatory system. The proposed ACMFIB will expand the scope of permitted investment-related financial products and activities through expansive definitions of financial instruments and function-based regulations that allow financial investment companies to offer a wider range of financial services, as well as strengthening investor protection and disclosure requirements. The proposed ACMFIB was submitted to the National Assembly in December 2006.

 

Banking Industry

 

The banking industry comprises commercial banks and specialized banks. Commercial banks serve the general public and corporate sectors. They include nationwide banks, regional banks and branches of foreign banks. Regional banks provide services similar to nationwide banks, but operate in a geographically restricted region. Branches of foreign banks have operated in Korea since 1967 but provide a relatively small proportion of the country’s banking services. As of December 31, 2006, commercial banks consisted of seven nationwide banks, all of which have branch networks throughout Korea, six regional banks and 42 branches of 28 foreign banks operating in the country. Nationwide and regional banks had, in the aggregate, 5,335 domestic branches and offices, 52 overseas branches, four overseas representative offices and 20 overseas subsidiaries as of December 31, 2006.

 

Specialized banks meet the needs of specific sectors of the economy in accordance with Government policy; they are organized under, or chartered by, special laws. Specialized banks include:

 

   

The Korea Development Bank;

 

   

The Export-Import Bank of Korea;

 

   

The Industrial Bank of Korea;

 

   

National Agricultural Cooperative Federation (which merged with the National Livestock

 

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Cooperative Federation in July 2000); and

 

   

National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives.

 

The economic difficulties in 1997 and 1998 caused an increase in Korean banks’ non-performing assets and a decline in capital adequacy ratios of Korean banks. From 1998 through 2002, the Financial Supervisory Commission amended banking regulations several times to adopt more stringent criteria for non-performing loans that more closely followed international standards. The new criteria increased the level of non-performing loans held by banks and other financial institutions. The following table sets out the total loans and discounts and non-performing assets of the commercial banking sector.

 

     Total Loans   

Non-Performing

Assets

  

Percentage

of Total

     (trillions of won)    (percentage)

December 31, 2002

   464.6    11.3    2.4

December 31, 2003

   499.5    13.7    2.7

December 31, 2004

   512.3    10.1    2.0

December 31, 2005

   548.0    7.0    1.3

December 31, 2006

   654.4    5.8    0.9

Source: Banking Statistics, February 2007; Financial Supervisory Service.

 

Most of the growth in total loans since the end of 2001 has been attributable to loans to the retail sector, accounting for 55.8% of total loans as of December 31, 2006, compared to 34.3% as of December 31, 1999.

 

A group of the Republic’s banks, including seven nationwide commercial banks, six regional commercial banks and five special banks, posted an aggregate net profit of (Won)1.7 trillion in 2003, compared to an aggregate net profit of (Won)5.0 trillion in 2002, primarily due to increased loan loss provisions for SK Networks and credit card companies. In 2004, these banks posted an aggregate net profit of (Won)8.8 trillion compared to an aggregate net profit of (Won)1.7 trillion in 2003, primarily due to decreased loan loss provisions and increased investment income. In 2005, these banks posted an aggregate net profit of (Won)13.6 trillion primarily due to decreased loan loss provisions and increased commissions and foreign exchange revenues. In 2006, these banks posted an aggregate net profit of (Won)13.3 trillion.

 

Non-Bank Financial Institutions

 

Non-bank financial institutions include:

 

   

investment institutions, including merchant banks, asset management companies and the Korea Securities Finance Corporation;

 

   

savings institutions, including trust accounts of banks, mutual savings banks, credit unions, mutual credit facilities, community credit cooperatives and postal savings;

 

   

life insurance institutions; and

 

   

credit card companies.

 

As of December 31, 2006, two merchant banks were operating in the country. As of December 31, 2006, the total assets of Korea’s merchant banks amounted to an aggregate of (Won)1,197.0 billion.

 

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As of December 31, 2006, 49 asset management companies, which manage trust assets and/or assets held by investment companies under the Indirect Investment Asset Management Business Act, with assets totaling approximately (Won)235.6 trillion, were operating in Korea.

 

The Banking Act of Korea permits banks to provide trust account management services under the Trust Business Act, as well as asset management services under the Indirect Investment Asset Management Business Act, effective January 5, 2004, with the approval of the Financial Supervisory Commission. In this regard, pursuant to an addendum to the Indirect Investment Asset Management Business Act, banks already engaged in trust account management services for money trust products (excluding products that are managed under specified investment policies) under the Trust Business Act are permitted to continue offering such services, provided they qualified as an asset management company under the Indirect Investment Asset Management Business Act before July 5, 2004. In addition, banks that failed to qualify as an asset management company before July 5, 2004, may apply for qualification pursuant to separate procedures under the Indirect Investment Asset Management Business Act. Banks segregate trust assets and cannot use them to satisfy claims of depositors or other creditors. Accordingly, trust accounts appear separately from banking accounts in the banks’ financial statements. As of December 31, 2005, assets of trust accounts of all banks providing trust account management services totaled (Won)109.8 trillion.

 

The country had 110 mutual savings banks as of December 31, 2006, with assets totaling (Won)50,807.1 billion.

 

As of December 31, 2006, 12 domestic life insurance institutions, two joint venture life insurance institutions and eight wholly-owned subsidiaries of foreign life insurance companies, with assets totaling approximately (Won)265.8 trillion as of December 31, 2006, were operating in the Republic.

 

As of December 31, 2006, six credit card companies operated in the country with loans totaling approximately (Won)35.7 trillion, of which 4.0% were classified as non-performing loans.

 

Money Markets

 

In Korea, the money markets consist of the call market and markets for a wide range of other short-term financial instruments, including treasury bills, monetary stabilization bonds, negotiable certificates of deposits, repurchase agreements and commercial paper.

 

Securities Markets

 

As of December 31, 2006, 40 domestic securities companies (including joint venture securities companies) and 14 branches of foreign securities companies operated in Korea.

 

The Korea Stock Exchange, a non-profit corporation wholly owned by its member firms began operations in 1956 as Korea’s only stock exchange. It had a single trading floor located in Seoul. The exchange imposed daily limits on share price movements to avoid excessive fluctuation. The Korea Composite Stock Price Index was comprised of all equities listed on the exchange. The exchange opened a stock index futures market in May 1996 and an options market in July 1997.

 

In addition to the Korea Stock Exchange, Korea has two over-the-counter stock markets. The KOSDAQ Stock Market was established in July 1996, and the OTC Bulletin Board Market was

 

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launched in March 2000 for trading of shares not listed on either the Korea Stock Exchange or the KOSDAQ. Pursuant to the Korea Securities and Futures Exchange Act promulgated in January 2004, the Korea Stock Exchange, the KOSDAQ and the Korea Futures Exchange were merged into a single exchange known as the Korea Exchange in January 2005. Following this merger, the Korea Stock Exchange, the KOSDAQ and the Korea Futures Exchange were organized into the Stock Market Division of the Korea Exchange, the KOSDAQ Market Division of the Korea Exchange and the Futures Market Division of the Korea Exchange, respectively.

 

The following table shows the value of the Korea Composite Stock Price Index as of the dates indicated:

 

December 30, 2002

   627.6

December 30, 2003

   810.7

January 30, 2004

   848.5

February 27, 2004

   883.4

March 31, 2004

   880.5

April 30, 2004

   862.8

May 31, 2004

   803.8

June 30, 2004

   785.8

July 31, 2004

   735.3

August 31, 2004

   803.6

September 30, 2004

   835.1

October 29, 2004

   834.8

November 30, 2004

   878.1

December 30, 2004

   895.9

January 31, 2005

   932.7

February 28, 2005

   1,011.4

March 31, 2005

   965.7

April 30, 2005

   911.3

May 31, 2005

   970.2

June 30, 2005

   1,008.2

July 29, 2005

   1,111.3

August 31, 2005

   1,083.3

September 30, 2005

   1,221.0

October 31, 2005

   1,158.1

November 30, 2005

   1,297.4

December 29, 2005

   1,379.4

January 31, 2006

   1,399.8

February 28, 2006

   1,371.6

March 31, 2006

   1,359.6

April 28, 2006

   1,419.7

May 30, 2006

   1,317.7

June 30, 2006

   1,295.2

July 31, 2006

   1,297.8

August 31, 2006

   1,352.7

September 29, 2006

   1,371.4

October 31, 2006

   1,364.6

November 30, 2006

   1,432.2

 

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December 28, 2006

   1,434.5

January 31, 2007

   1,360.2

February 28, 2007

   1,417.3

March 31, 2007

   1,452.6

April 30, 2007

   1,542.2

 

On December 27, 1997, the last day of trading in 1997, the index stood at 376.3, a sharp decline from 647.1 on September 30, 1997. The fall resulted from growing concerns about the Republic’s weakening financial and corporate sectors, the Republic’s falling foreign currency reserves, the sharp depreciation of the Won against the U.S. Dollar and other external factors, such as a sharp decline in stock prices in Hong Kong on October 24, 1997 and financial turmoil in Southeast Asian countries. The Korea Composite Stock Price Index rose to 1,028.1 on December 28, 1999, but has since been volatile. The index was 1,553.3 on May 2, 2007.

 

Supervision System

 

The Office of Bank Supervision, the Securities Supervisory Board, the Insurance Supervisory Board and all other financial sector regulatory bodies merged in January 1999 to form the Financial Supervisory Commission. The Financial Supervisory Commission acts as the executive body over the Financial Supervisory Service. The Financial Supervisory Commission reports to, but operates independently of, the Prime Minister’s office.

 

The Ministry of Finance and Economy focuses on financial policy and foreign currency regulations. The Bank of Korea manages monetary policy focusing on price stabilization.

 

Deposit Insurance System

 

The Republic’s deposit insurance system insures amounts on deposit with banks, non-bank financial institutions, securities companies and life insurance companies.

 

Since January 2001, deposits at any single financial institution are insured only up to (Won)50 million regardless of the amount deposited.

 

The Government recently excluded certain deposits, such as repurchase agreements, from the insurance scheme, expanded the definition of unsound financial institutions to which the insurance scheme would apply and increased the insurance premiums payable by insured financial institutions.

 

Monetary Policy

 

The Bank of Korea

 

The Bank of Korea was established in 1950 as Korea’s central bank and the country’s sole currency issuing bank. A seven-member Monetary Policy Committee, chaired by the Governor of The Bank of Korea, formulates and controls monetary and credit policies.

 

The core inflation rate, which is the consumer price index adjusted to remove the non-cereal agriculture and petroleum components, is used as The Bank of Korea’s target indicator. To achieve its established inflation target, the Monetary Policy Committee of The Bank of Korea determines and announces its overnight call rate target on a monthly basis. The Bank of Korea uses open market

 

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operations as its primary instrument to keep the call rate in line with the Monetary Policy Committee’s target rate. In addition, The Bank of Korea is able to establish policies regarding its lending to banks in Korea and their reserve requirements.

 

Interest Rates

 

On July 10, 2003, the Bank of Korea cut its target for the benchmark call rate (uncollaterized overnight rate) to 3.75% from 4.00%, which was further lowered to 3.5% on August 12, 2004 and 3.25% on November 11, 2004. On October 11, 2005, the Bank of Korea raised the benchmark call rate to 3.5%, which was further raised to 3.75% on December 8, 2005, to 4.0% on February 9, 2006 and to 4.25% on June 8, 2006 primarily due to the economic recovery and persistently high oil prices. As of the end of 2003, all deposit and lending rates had been deregulated with the exception of those on demand deposits. In February 2004, the Bank of Korea removed the 1% per annum deposit interest rate ceiling on demand deposits.

 

Money Supply

 

The following table shows the volume of the Republic’s money supply:

 

     December 31,  
     2002     2003     2004     2005     2006  
     (billions of won)  

Money Supply (M1)(1)

   283,580.8     298,952.9     321,727.7     332,344.9     371,087.6  

Quasi-money(2)

   588,494.8     599,116.5     632,994.8     689,103.8     778,174.5  

Money Supply (M2)

   872,075.6     898,069.4     954,722.5     1,021,448.7     1,149,262.1  

Percentage Increase Over Previous Year

   14.0 %   3.0 %   6.3 %   7.0 %   12.5 %

(1)   Consists of currency in circulation and demand and instant access savings deposits at financial institutions.
(2)   Includes time and installment savings deposits, marketable instruments, yield-based dividend instruments and financial debentures, excluding financial instruments with a maturity of more than two years.

Source: The Bank of Korea.

 

Exchange Controls

 

Authorized foreign exchange banks, as approved by the Ministry of Finance and Economy, handle foreign exchange transactions. The ministry has designated other types of financial institutions to handle foreign exchange transactions on a limited basis.

 

Korean laws and regulations generally require the approval of, or a report to, either the Ministry of Finance and Economy, The Bank of Korea or authorized foreign exchange banks, as applicable, for issuances of international bonds and other instruments, overseas investments and certain other transactions involving foreign exchange payments.

 

In 1994 and 1995, the Government relaxed regulations of foreign exchange position ceilings and foreign exchange transaction documentation and created free Won accounts which may be opened by non-residents at Korean foreign exchange banks. The Won funds deposited into the free Won accounts

 

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may be converted into foreign currencies and remitted outside Korea without any governmental approval. In December 1996, after joining the OECD, the Republic freed the repatriation of investment funds, dividends and profits, as well as loan repayments and interest payments. The Government continues to reduce exchange controls in response to changes in the world economy, including the new trade regime under the WTO, anticipating that such foreign exchange reform will improve the Republic’s competitiveness and encourage strategic alliances between domestic and foreign entities.

 

In September 1998 the National Assembly passed the Foreign Exchange Transactions Act, which became effective in April 1999 and was subsequently amended in October 2000, December 2000, December 2005 and January 2007. In principle, most currency and capital transactions, including, among others, the following transactions have been liberalized:

 

   

the investment in real property located overseas by Korean companies and financial institutions;

 

   

the establishment of overseas branches and subsidiaries by Korean companies and financial institutions;

 

   

the investment by non-residents in deposits and trust products having more than one year maturities; and

 

   

the issuance of debentures by non-residents in the Korean market.

 

To minimize the adverse effects from further opening of the Korean capital markets, the Ministry of Finance and Economy is authorized to introduce a variable deposit requirement system to restrict the influx of short-term speculative funds.

 

The Government has also embarked on a second set of liberalization initiatives starting in January 2001, under which ceilings on international payments for Korean residents have been eliminated, including overseas travel expenses, overseas inheritance remittances and emigration expenses. Overseas deposits, trusts, acquisitions of foreign securities and other foreign capital transactions made by residents and the making of deposits in Korean currency made by non-residents have also been liberalized. In line with the foregoing liberalization, measures will also be adopted to curb illegal foreign exchange transactions and to stabilize the foreign exchange market.

 

Effective as of January 1, 2006, the Government liberalized the regulations governing “capital transactions.” The regulations provide that no regulatory approvals are required for any capital transactions. The capital transactions previously subject to approval requirements are now subject only to reporting requirements. These reporting requirements are also scheduled to be largely eliminated as of January 1, 2009.

 

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Foreign Exchange

 

The following table shows the exchange rate between the Won and the U.S. Dollar (in Won per U.S. Dollar) as announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Services, Ltd. as of the dates indicated:

 

Exchange Rates

 

     Won/U.S. Dollar
Exchange Rate

December 31, 2002

   1,200.4

December 31, 2003

   1,197.8

January 31, 2004

   1,173.7

February 27, 2004

   1,176.2

March 31, 2004

   1,146.6

April 30, 2004

   1,167.7

May 31, 2004

   1,165.7

June 30, 2004

   1,152.5

July 31, 2004

   1,171.3

August 31, 2004

   1,153.8

September, 30, 2004

   1,147.9

October 30, 2004

   1,122.3

November 30, 2004

   1,047.9

December 31, 2004

   1,043.8

January 31, 2005

   1,026.4

February 28, 2005

   1,008.1

March 31, 2005

   1,024.3

April 30, 2005

   1,001.8

May 31, 2005

   1,002.5

June 30, 2005

   1,024.4

July 30, 2005

   1,025.7

August 31, 2005

   1,031.0

September 30, 2005

   1,038.0

October 31, 2005

   1,042.7

November 30, 2005

   1,036.3

December 30, 2005

   1,013.0

January 31, 2006

   971.0

February 28, 2006

   969.0

March 31, 2006

   975.9

April 28, 2006

   945.7

May 30, 2006

   947.4

June 30, 2006

   960.3

July 31, 2006

   953.1

August 31, 2006

   959.6

September 29, 2006

   945.2

October 31, 2006

   944.2

November 30, 2006

   929.9

December 29, 2006

   929.6

January 31, 2007

   940.9

February 28, 2007

   938.3

March 31, 2007

   940.3

April 30, 2007

   929.4

 

Prior to November 1997, the Government permitted exchange rates to float within a daily range of 2.25%. In response to the substantial downward pressures on the Won caused by the Republic’s economic difficulties in late 1997, in November 1997, the Government expanded the range of

 

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permitted daily exchange rate fluctuations to 10%. The Government eliminated the daily exchange rate band in December 1997, and the Won now floats according to market forces. The value of the Won relative to the U.S. dollar depreciated from (Won)888.1 to US$1.00 on June 30, 1997 to (Won)1,964.8 to US$1.00 on December 24, 1997. Due to improved economic conditions and increases in trade surplus, the Won has generally appreciated against the U.S. dollar. The market average exchange rate was (Won)930.9 to US$1.00 on May 2, 2007.

 

Balance of Payments and Foreign Trade

 

Balance of Payments

 

Balance of payments figures measure the relative flow of goods, services and capital into and out of the country as represented in the current balance and the capital balance. The current balance tracks a country’s trade in goods and services and transfer payments and measures whether a country is living within its income from trading and investments. The capital balance covers all transactions involving the transfer of capital into and out of the country, including loans and investments. The overall balance represents the sum of the current and capital balances. An overall balance surplus indicates a net inflow of foreign currencies, thereby increasing demand for and strengthening the local currency. An overall balance deficit indicates a net outflow of foreign currencies, thereby decreasing demand for and weakening the local currency. The financial account mirrors the overall balance. If the overall balance is positive, the surplus, which represents the nation’s savings, finances the overall deficit of the country’s trading partners. Accordingly, the financial account will indicate cash outflows equal to the overall surplus. If, however, the overall balance is negative, the nation has an international deficit which must be financed. Accordingly, the financial account will indicate cash inflows equal to the overall deficit.

 

The following table sets out certain information with respect to the Republic’s balance of payments:

 

Balance of Payments

 

     December 31,  

Classification

   2002     2003     2004     2005     2006(3)  
     (millions of dollars)  

Current Account

   5,393.9     11,949.5     28,173.5     14,980.9     6,092.6  

Goods

   14,777.4     21,952.0     37,568.8     32,683.1     29,213.7  

Exports(1)

   163,414.0     197,289.2     257,710.1     288,970.7     331,844.8  

Imports(1)

   148,636.6     175,337.2     220,141.3     256,287.6     302,631.1  

Services

   (8,197.5 )   (7,424.2 )   (8,046.1 )   (13,658.2 )   (18,762.9 )

Income

   432.3     326.3     1,082.8     (1,562.5 )   (538.6 )

Current Transfers

   (1,618.3 )   (2,904.6 )   (2,432.0 )   (2,481.5 )   (3,819.5 )

Capital and Financial Account

   6,251.5     13,909.4     7,598.8     4,756.5     18,618.7  

Financial Account(2)

   7,338.3     15,307.8     9,351.6     7,096.9     21,652.0  

Capital Account

   (1,086.8 )   (1,398.4 )   (1,752.8 )   (2,340.4 )   (3,033.3 )

Changes in Reserve Assets

   (11,799.4 )   (25,849.4 )   (38,710.5 )   (19,805.8 )   (22,111.7 )

Net Errors and Omissions

   154.0     (9.5 )   2,938.2     68.4     (2,599.6 )

(1)   These entries are derived from trade statistics and are valued on a free on board basis, meaning that the insurance and freight costs are not included.

 

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(2)   Includes borrowings from the IMF, syndicated bank loans and short-term borrowings.
(3)   Preliminary.

Source: Monthly Bulletin, March 2007; The Bank of Korea.

 

Based on preliminary data, the Republic recorded a current account surplus of approximately US$6.1 billion in 2006 compared with a current account surplus of US$15.0 billion in 2005, primarily due to a decrease in surplus from the goods account from US$32.7 billion to US$29.2 billion and an increase in deficit from the service account from US$13.7 billion to US$18.8 billion.

 

Trade Balance

 

Trade balance figures measure the difference between a country’s exports and imports. If exports exceed imports the country has a trade balance surplus while if imports exceed exports the country has a deficit. A deficit, indicating that a country’s receipts from abroad fall short of its payments to foreigners, must be financed, rendering the country a debtor nation. A surplus, indicating that a country’s receipts exceed its payments to foreigners, allows the country to finance its trading partners’ net deficit to the extent of the surplus, rendering the country a creditor nation.

 

The following table summarizes the Republic’s trade balance for the periods indicated:

 

Trade Balance

 

     Exports(1)    Imports(1)    Balance of
Trade
   Exports
as % of
Imports
     (millions of dollars, except percentages)

2002

   162,470.5    152,126.2    10,344.4    106.8

2003

   193,817.4    178,826.7    14,990.7    108.4

2004

   253,844.7    224,462.7    29,382.0    113.1

2005

   284,418.7    261,238.3    23,180.4    108.9

2006(2)

   325,681.1    309,308.5    16,372.6    106.3

(1)   These entries are derived from customs clearance statistics on a C.I.F. basis, meaning that the price of goods include insurance and freight cost.
(2)   Preliminary

Source: Principal Economic Indicators, March 2007; The Bank of Korea.

 

The Republic, due to its lack of natural resources, relies on extensive trading activity for growth. The country meets virtually all domestic requirements for petroleum, wood and rubber with imports, as well as much of its coal and iron needs. Exports consistently represent a high percentage of GDP and, accordingly, the international economic environment is of crucial importance to the Republic’s economy.

 

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The following tables give information regarding the Republic’s exports and imports by major commodity groups:

 

Exports by Major Commodity Groups (C.I.F.)(1)

 

    2002   As % of
Total
  2003   As % of
Total
  2004   As % of
Total
  2005   As % of
Total
  2006(2)   As % of
Total
    (millions of dollars, except percentages)

Foods & Consumer Goods

  2,634.7   1.6   2,792.3   1.4   3,122.7   1.2   3.174.4   1.1   3,173.3   1.0

Raw Materials and Fuels

  8,498.1   5.2   9,048.4   4.7   13,061.4   5.1   18,650.9   6.6   25,076.1   7.7

Light Industrial Products

  25,479.5   15.7   27,306.4   14.1   29,625.7   11.7   26,346.4   9.3   26,916.9   8.3

Textile Material

  11,950.8   7.4   11,291.8   5.9   10,975.5   4.3   9,709.9   3.4   8,802.0   2.7

Tires and Tubes

  1,516.7   0.9   1,715.1   0.9   2,093.9   0.8   2,439.3   0.9   2,562.5   0.8

Heavy & Chemical Industrial Products

  125,858.3   77.5   154,670.4   79.8   208,034.8   82.0   236,247.0   83.0   270,514.9   83.1

Chemical Manufacturing Products

  11,845.3   7.3   14,781.6   7.6   20,540.7   8.1   24,753.1   8.7   28,374.7   8.7

Metal Goods

  10,312.1   6.4   13,089.8   6.8   18,614.3   7.3   22,474.1   7.9   27,183.5   8.3

Machinery

  12,824.6   7.9   16,007.6   8.3   22,605.4   8.9   32.033.1   11.3   42,742.1   13.1

Electronics

  56,116.5   34.5   68,189.1   35.2   87,769.7   34.6   88,268.9   31.0   89,843.7   27.6

Passenger Cars

  13,322.3   8.2   17,479.8   9.0   24,576.9   9.7   27,180.4   9.6   30,498.8   9.4

Ship

  10,672.2   6.6   11,103.9   5.7   15,321.3   6.0   17,231.5   6.0   21,486.4   6.6
                                       

Total

  162,470.5   100.0   193,817.4   100.0   253,844.7   100.0   284,418.7   100.0   325,681.1   100.0
                                       

(1)   These entries are derived from customs clearance statistics. C.I.F. means that the price of goods include insurance and freight costs.
(2)   Preliminary

Source: Monthly Bulletin, March 2007; The Bank of Korea.

 

Imports by Major Commodity Groups (C.I.F.)(1)

 

    2002   As % of
Total
  2003   As % of
Total
  2004   As % of
Total
  2005   As % of
Total
  2006(2)   As % of
Total
    (millions of dollars, except percentages)

Foods & Consumer Goods

  20,250.9   13.3   23,595.2   13.2   26,497.4   11.8   26,818.4   10.3   31,810.5   10.3

Grain

  2,665.0   1.8   2,993.9   1.6   3,716.5   1.7   3,365.0   1.3   3,470.7   1.1

Direct Consumption Goods

  5,707.7   3.8   6,161.0   3.4   6,326.3   2.8   7,154.5   2.7   8,287.5   2.7

Durable Goods

  7,759.7   5.1   9,922.0   5.5   11,585.3   5.2   10,856.8   4.2   13,221.6   4.3

Nondurable Goods

  4,112.3   2.7   4,574.5   2.6   4,867.6   2.2   5,440.4   2.1   6,829.2   2.2

Industrial Materials and Fuels

  73,891.4   48.6   86,407.2   48.3   113,837.9   50.7   141,377.8   54.1   173,966.3   56.2

Crude Oil

  19,200.3   12.6   23,081.6   12.9   29,917.2   13.3   42,605.8   16.3   55,958.7   18.1

Raw Material for Light Industry

  5,320.4   3.5   5,363.8   3.0   7,762.2   3.5   8,596.8   3.3   6,622.9   2.1

Chemical Products

  12,269.2   8.1   14,443.1   8.1   18,233.6   8.1   21,530.6   8.2   24,043.4   7.8

Steel Products

  6,267.8   4.1   8,204.8   4.6   13,251.2   5.9   16,407.8   6.3   17,701.4   5.7

Capital Goods

  57,983.8   38.1   68,824.3   38.5   84,127.4   37.5   93,042.1   35.6   103,531.7   33.5

Machinery

  17,998.9   11.8   21,704.2   12.1   28,223.8   12.6   31,924.7   12.2   36,282.8   11.7

Electronic Products

  35,996.6   23.7   42,528.5   23.8   49,996.9   22.3   54,483.1   20.9   58,932.6   19.1

Transport Equipment

  3,082.5   2.0   3,379.6   1.9   4,498.1   2.0   5,195.3   2.0   6,681.4   2.2
                                       

Total

  152,126.2   100.0   178,826.7   100.0   224,462.7   100.0   261,238.3   100.0   309,308.5   100.0
                                       

 

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(1)   These entries are derived from customs clearance statistics. C.I.F. means that the price of goods include insurance and freight costs.
(2)   Preliminary

Source: Monthly Bulletin, March 2007; The Bank of Korea.

 

In 2002, the Republic recorded a trade surplus of US$10.3 billion. Exports increased by 8.0% primarily due to an increase in sales of semiconductors, automobiles and wireless telecommunication devices and an increase in trade volume with China and imports increased by 7.8% primarily due to an increase in purchases of raw materials and machinery.

 

The Republic recorded a trade surplus of US$15.0 billion in 2003. Exports increased by 19.3% and imports increased by 17.6% compared to 2002.

 

In 2004, the Republic recorded a trade surplus of US$29.4 billion. Exports increased by 31.0% to US$253.8 billion and imports increased by 25.5% to US$224.5 billion from US$193.8 billion of exports and US$178.8 billion of imports, respectively, in 2003.

 

In 2005, the Republic recorded a trade surplus of US$23.2 billion. Exports increased by 12.0% to US$284.4 billion and imports increased by 16.4% to US$261.2 billion from US$253.8 billion of exports and US$224.5 billion of imports, respectively, in 2004.

 

Based on preliminary data, the Republic recorded a trade surplus of US$16.4 billion in 2006. Exports increased by 14.5% to US$325.7 billion and imports increased by 18.4% to US$309.3 billion from US$284.4 billion of exports and US$261.2 billion of imports, respectively, in 2005.

 

The Republic’s largest trading partners, the United States, Japan and China accounted for the following percentages of the country’s imports and exports:

 

    2002   2003   2004   2005   2006
    Exports   Imports   Exports   Imports   Exports   Imports   Exports   Imports   Exports   Imports
    (percentages of total imports or exports)

United States

  20.2   15.1   17.7   13.9   16.9   12.8   14.5   11.7   13.3   10.9

Japan

  9.3   19.6   8.9   20.3   8.5   20.6   8.4   18.5   8.2   16.8

China(1)

  20.9   12.6   25.7   13.8   26.7   14.7   27.2   15.6   27.2   16.4

(1)   Includes Hong Kong.

Source: Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy.

 

In 2003, the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome, or SARS, and the avian influenza in Asia (including China) and other parts of the world increased uncertainty of economic prospects for affected countries in particular, as well as world economic prospects in general. The avian influenza carried by migrating wild birds spread to several Asian countries, Russia, Romania and Turkey. In response to these recent outbreaks of avian influenza, the Government issued an advisory on disease prevention as of October 14, 2005 and plans to conduct special monitoring of poultry farms. In addition, the Government will continue to cooperate with regional and international efforts to develop and implement additional measures to contain and prevent SARS, the avian influenza and other diseases. Another outbreak of SARS, the avian influenza or similar incidents in the future may have an adverse effect on Korean and world economies.

 

On April 12, 2007, a bilateral free trade agreement, or FTA, was reached between the Republic and the United States. The FTA will become effective upon legislative ratification by both countries.

 

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Non-Commodities Trade Balance

 

In 2002, the Republic recorded a non-commodities trade deficit in its current account of approximately US$7.8 billion. The non-commodities trade deficit decreased to US$7.1 billion in 2003 and US$7.0 billion in 2004 but increased to US$15.4 billion in 2005. Based on preliminary data, in 2006, the non-commodities trade deficit increased to US$19.3 billion.

 

Foreign Currency Reserves

 

The following table shows the Republic’s total official foreign currency reserves:

 

Total Official Reserves

 

    December 31,
    2002    2003    2004    2005    2006
    (millions of dollars)

Gold(1)

  $ 69.2    $ 70.9    $ 72.3    $ 73.6    $ 74.2

Foreign Exchange

    120,811.4      154,508.8      198,175.3      209,967.7      238,387.9
                                 

Total Gold and Foreign Exchange

    120,880.6      154,579.7      198,247.6      210,041.6      238,462.1

Reserve Position at IMF

    520.2      751.6      785.4      305.8      440.0

Special Drawing Rights

    11.8      21.0      32.7      43.3      54.0
                                 

Total Official Reserves

  $ 121,412.5    $ 155,352.3    $ 199,066.1    $ 210,390.7    $ 238,956.1
                                 

(1)   For this purpose, domestically-owned gold is valued at US$42.22 per troy ounce (31.1035 grams) and gold deposited overseas is calculated at cost of purchase.

Source: The Bank of Korea.

 

The Government’s foreign currency reserves increased to US$243.9 billion as of March 31, 2007 from US$8.9 billion as of December 31, 1997, primarily due to continued balance of trade surpluses and capital inflows.

 

Government Finance

 

The Ministry of Planning and Budget prepares the Government budget, and the Ministry of Finance and Economy administers the Government’s finances.

 

The Government’s fiscal year commences on January 1. The Ministry of Planning and Budget must submit the budget to the National Assembly not later than 90 days prior to the start of the fiscal year and may submit supplementary budgets revising the original budget at any time during the fiscal year.

 

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The following table shows consolidated Government revenues and expenditures:

 

Consolidated Central Government Revenues and Expenditures

 

     2001    2002    2003     2004    2005
     (billions of won)

Total Revenues

   144,033    158,712    171,945     178,784    191,488

Current Revenues

   142,709    157,226    170,486     177,453    190,206

Total Tax Revenues

   95,793    103,967    114,664     117,796    152,347

Income Profits and Capital Gains

   35,638    38,404    46,420     48,112    54,456

Tax on Property

   2,920    2,894    2,921     2,996    4,683

Tax on Goods and Services

   43,818    48,047    50,906     51,800    53,401

Customs Duties

   5,923    6,601    6,847     6,796    6,318

Others

   7,494    8,021    7,570     8,090    10,244

Social Security Contribution

   17,538    19,723    20,703     22,848    24,882

Non-Tax Revenues

   29,378    33,536    35,119     34,629    36,224

Capital Revenues

   1,324    1,486    1,459     1,331    1,281

Total Expenditures and Net Lending

   136,765    136,046    164,303     173,189    186,398

Total Expenditures

   126,688    135,610    166,812     171,800    183,370

Current Expenditures

   101,744    106,255    136,212     144,805    158,721

Goods and Services

   26,223    28,629    29,827     33,910    36,166

Interest Payments

   7,198    6,846    6,598     8,312    10,094

Subsidies and Other Transfers(1)

   66,540    68,929    96,498     98,801    109,894

Subsidies

   534    768    424     748    779

Other Transfers(1)

   66,006    68,161    96,074     98,053    109,115

Non-Financial Public Enterprises Expenditures

   1,783    1,851    3,289     3,031    2,566

Capital Expenditures

   24,944    29,355    30,600     26,997    24,649

Net Lending

   10,077    436    (2,509 )   1,389    3,028

(1)   Includes transfers to local governments, non-profit institutions, households and abroad.

Source: Ministry of Finance and Economy; Korea National Statistical Office.

 

The consolidated Government account consists of a General Account, Special Accounts (including a non-financial public enterprise special account) and Public Funds. The Government segregates the accounts of certain functions of the Government into Special Accounts and Public Funds for more effective administration and fiscal control. The Special Accounts and Public Funds relate to business type activities, such as economic development, road and railway construction and maintenance, monopolies, and communications developments and the administration of loans received from official international financial organizations and foreign governments.

 

Revenues derive mainly from national taxes and non-tax revenues. Expenditures include general administration, national defense, community service, education, health, social security, certain annuities and pensions and local finance, which involves the transfer of tax revenues to local governments.

 

For 2001, revenues increased by approximately 6.1%, which represented 23.9% of the Republic’s GDP principally due to higher tax and non-tax revenues. Tax revenues increased due to the country’s economic growth and the accompanying increase in the overall compensation of workers in Korea.

 

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Non-tax revenues increased due to the sale by the Government of the shares it owns in Korean companies such as KT Corporation (formerly known as Korea Telecom Corp.) and KT&G (formerly known as Korea Tobacco & Ginseng Corporation) as part of the Government’s privatization plans. The Republic had a fiscal surplus of 1.2% in 2001.

 

For 2002, revenues increased by approximately 10.2%, which represented 24.6% of the Republic’s GDP principally due to higher tax and non-tax revenues. Tax revenues increased due to the country’s economic growth and the accompanying increase in the overall compensation of workers in Korea. Non-tax revenues increased due to an increase in surplus amounts transferred from The Bank of Korea. The Republic had a fiscal surplus of 3.3% in 2002.

 

For 2003, revenues increased by approximately 8.2%, which represented 25.9% of the Republic’s GDP, principally due to higher tax revenues. Tax revenues increased principally as a result of the country’s export growth and the accompanying increase in corporate income. The Republic had a fiscal surplus of 1.1% in 2003.

 

For 2004, revenues increased by approximately 4.0%, which represented 25.8% of the Republic’s GDP, principally due to higher tax revenues. Tax revenues increased principally as a result of the country’s export growth and the accompanying increase in corporate income. The Republic had a fiscal surplus of (Won)5.6 trillion in 2004.

 

For 2005, revenues increased by approximately 7.1%, which represented 26.5% of the Republic’s GDP, principally due to higher tax revenues. Tax revenues increased principally as a result of the country’s export growth and the accompanying increase in corporate income. The Republic had a fiscal surplus of (Won)5.1 trillion in 2005.

 

Based on preliminary data, for 2006, revenues increased by approximately 9.4%, which represented 27.6% of the Republic’s GDP. Based on preliminary data, the Republic had a fiscal surplus of (Won)3.6 trillion in 2006.

 

Debt

 

External and Internal Debt of the Government

 

The following table sets out, by currency and the equivalent amount in U.S. Dollars, the estimated outstanding direct external debt of the Government as of December 31, 2005:

 

Direct External Debt of the Government

 

     Amount in Original
Currency
   Equivalent Amount in
U.S. Dollars(1)
     (millions)

US$

   US$ 10,584.9    US$ 10,984.9

German Mark (DM)

   DM 26.0      15.7

Japanese Yen (¥)

   ¥ 28,858.5      245.0

Euro (EUR)

   EUR 500.0      592.0
         

Total

      US$ 11,437.6
         

(1)   Amounts expressed in currencies other than US$ are converted to US$ at the arbitrage rate announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Services, Ltd. in effect on December 31, 2005.

 

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The following table summarizes, as of December 31 of the years indicated, the outstanding direct internal debt of the Republic:

 

Direct Internal Debt of the Government

 

      (billions of won)

2001

   87,327.5

2002

   103,341.3

2003

   141,395.2

2004

   182,201.5

2005

   227,066.3

 

The following table sets out all guarantees by the Government of indebtedness of others:

 

     December 31,
     2003    2004    2005
     (billions of won)

Domestic

   79,131.7    65,350.5    54,667.7

External(1)

   1,458.5    699.3    310.2
              

Total

   80,590.2    66,049.8    54,977.9
              

(1)   Converted to Won at foreign exchange banks’ telegraphed transfer selling rates to customers in effect on December 31 of each year.

 

For further information on the outstanding indebtedness, including guarantees, of the Republic, see “—Tables and Supplementary Information.”

 

External Debt

 

The following tables set out certain information regarding the Republic’s external debt calculated under the criteria published in a compilation by nine international organizations including the IMF and the World Bank in 2003. Prior to June 2003, the Republic had calculated its total external debt using criteria agreed with the IMF during the financial crisis at the end of 1997. Starting from June 2003, in particular, the Republic’s total external debt calculation under the new criteria excludes offshore borrowings by overseas branches and subsidiaries of Korean banks but includes Won-denominated liabilities such as bank deposits by nonresidents and also includes international finance lease liabilities.

 

     December 31,
     2001    2002    2003    2004    2005
     (billions of dollars)

Foreign Currencies

   124.0    134.9    148.9    161.3    178.0

Korean Won

   4.7    6.6    8.6    11.0    12.0
                        

Total External Liabilities

   128.7    141.5    157.6    172.3    190.0
                        

 

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     December 31,
     2001    2002    2003    2004    2005
     (billions of dollars)

Long-term Debt

   88.4    93.3    106.7    115.9    124.2

General Government

   18.3    17.6    11.6    10.4    8.5

Monetary Authorities

   3.0    2.9    3.2    4.0    5.0

Banks

   21.1    20.3    27.0    30.0    32.6

Other Sectors

   46.0    52.5    65.0    71.5    77.9

Short-term Debt

   40.3    48.2    50.8    56.3    65.8
                        

Monetary Authorities

   1.9    2.0    2.1    2.0    2.2

Banks

   30.2    38.2    40.8    44.5    51.5

Other Sectors

   8.2    8.0    7.9    9.9    12.1
                        

Total External Liabilities

   128.7    141.5    157.6    172.3    190.0
                        

Source: The Bank of Korea.

 

Under the old criteria, the total external liabilities of the Republic were as follows as of the dates indicated:

 

     December 31,
     2001    2002
     (billions of dollars)

External Liabilities

   118.8    131.0

Source: The Bank of Korea.

 

Debt Record

 

The Government has always paid when due the full amount of principal of, interest on, and amortization of sinking fund requirements of, all of its indebtedness.

 

Tables and Supplementary Information

 

A.    External Debt of the Government

 

Currency of Borrowings

   Range of Interest Rates    Range of Years of Issue    Range of Years of
Original Maturity
   Principal Amounts
Outstanding as of
December 31, 2005
     (%)              (million of units)

US$

   0.75-8.875/Floating    1960-2005    1982-2025    US$ 10,584.9

Japanese Yen (¥)

   3.25-5    1980-1990    2004-2015    ¥ 28,858.5

German Mark (DM)

   2-2.2    1973-1985    2003-2021    DM 6.0

Euro (EUR)

   3.625    2005    2015    EUR 500.0
               

Total External Funded Debt(1)

   US$ 11,437.6
      

(1)   Amounts expressed in currencies other than US$ are converted to US$ at the arbitrage rate between foreign currencies announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Services, Ltd. in effect on December 31, 2005.

 

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B.    External Guaranteed Debt of the Government

 

Name

   Interest Rates    Years of Issue    Years of
Maturity
   Principal Amounts
Outstnading as of
December 31, 2005
     (%)              (millions of dollars)

1.    Bonds

           

Total Bonds

            None

2.    Borrowings

           

The Korea Development Bank

   Floating    1999    2008    52.7

Industrial Bank of Korea

   Floating    1999    2008    250.6
             

Total Borrowings(1)

   303.3
    

Total External Guaranteed Debt(1)

   303.3
    

(1)   Amounts expressed in currencies other than US$ are converted to US$ at the arbitrage rate between foreign currencies announced by the Seoul Money Brokerage Services, Ltd. in effect on December 31, 2005.

 

C.    Internal Debt of the Government

 

Title

   Range of
Interest Rates
   Range of
Years of
Issue
   Range of
Years of
Original
Maturity
   Principal Amounts
Outstanding as of
December 31, 2005
     (%)              (billions of won)

1.    Bonds

        

Foreign Exchange Stabilization Bonds

   4.50-7.67    2001-2003    2006-2008    15,300.0

Interest-Bearing Treasury Bond for Treasury Bond Management Fund

   3.50-11.09    996-2005    2006-2015    170,475.2

Interest-Bearing Treasury Bond for National Housing I

   5.0    1995-2005    2000-2010    33,497.3

Interest-Bearing Treasury Bond for National Housing II

   3.0    1983-1999    2000-2019    2,994.5

Interest-Bearing Treasury Bond for National Housing III

   0    2005    2025    594.2

Non-interest-Bearing Treasury Bond for Contribution(1)

   —      1967-1985    —      112.5
             

Total Bonds

   222,872.5
    

2.    Borrowings

  

Borrowings from The Bank of Korea

   830.0

Borrowings from the Sports Promotion Fund

   65.0

Borrowings from the Civil Servant Pension Fund

   650.0

Borrowings from the Export Insurance Fund

   510.0

Authorized Government Debt beyond Budget Limit

   2,138.8

Sub-Total

   4,193.8
    

Total Internal Funded Debt

   227,066.3
    

(1)   Interest Rates and Years of Maturity not applicable.

 

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D.    Internal Guaranteed Debt of the Government

 

Name

   Range of
Interest Rates
   Range of
Years of
Issue
   Range of
Years of
Original
Maturity
   Principal Amounts
Outstanding as of
December 31, 2005
 
     (%)              (billions of won)  

1.    Bonds of Government-Affiliated Corporations

           

Korea Container Terminal Authority

   6.0    1997    2006    50.0  

Korea Asset Management Corporation

   4.26-5.05    2003    2008    4,000.0  

Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation

   3.57-7.88    1999-2005    2004-2010    50,464.2 (1)
               

Total Bonds

   54,474.2  
      

2.    Borrowings of Government-Affiliated Corporations

           

Rural Development Corporation and Federation of Farmland

   5.5    1967    2000-2024    193.5  
               

Total Borrowings

   193.5  
      

(1)   Over four years beginning in 2003, (Won)49 trillion of such debt will be converted into direct debt of the Government.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE SECURITIES

 

Description of Debt Securities

 

We will issue debt securities under a fiscal agency agreement or agreements. The description below summarizes the material provisions of the debt securities and the fiscal agency agreement. Since it is only a summary, the description may not contain all of the information that may be important to you as a potential investor in the debt securities. Therefore, we urge you to read the form of fiscal agency agreement and the form of global debt security before deciding whether to invest in the debt securities. We have filed a copy of these documents with the Securities and Exchange Commission as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. You should refer to such exhibits for more complete information.

 

The financial terms and other specific terms of your debt securities will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to your debt securities. The description in the prospectus supplement will supplement this description or, to the extent inconsistent with this description, replace it.

 

We will appoint a fiscal agent or agents in connection with debt securities whose duties will be governed by the fiscal agency agreement. We may replace the fiscal agent or appoint different fiscal agents for different series of debt securities.

 

General Terms of the Debt Securities

 

We may issue debt securities in separate series at various times. The prospectus supplement that relates to your debt securities will specify some or all of the following terms:

 

   

the aggregate principal amount;

 

   

the currency of denomination and payment;

 

   

any limitation on principal amount and authorized denominations;

 

   

the percentage of their principal amount at which the debt securities will be issued;

 

   

the maturity date or dates;

 

   

the interest rate for the debt securities and, if variable, the method by which the interest rate will be calculated;

 

   

whether any amount payable in respect of the debt securities will be determined based on an index or formula, and how any such amount will be determined;

 

   

the dates from which interest, if any, will accrue for payment of interest and the record dates for any such interest payments;

 

   

where and how we will pay principal and interest;

 

   

whether and in what circumstances the debt securities may be redeemed before maturity;

 

   

any sinking fund or similar provision;

 

   

whether any part or all of the debt securities will be in the form of a global security and the circumstances in which a global security is exchangeable for certificated securities;

 

   

if issued in certificated form, whether the debt securities will be in bearer form with interest coupons, if any, or in registered form without interest coupons, or both forms, and any restrictions on exchanges from one form to the other; and

 

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other specific provisions.

 

Depending on the terms of the debt securities we issue, the prospectus supplement relating to the debt securities may also describe applicable U.S. federal income tax and other considerations additional to the disclosure in this prospectus.

 

Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will maintain at an office in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, a register for the registration of transfers of debt securities issued in registered form.

 

Payments of Principal, Premium and Interest

 

On every payment date specified in the relevant prospectus supplement, we will pay the principal, premium and/or interest due on that date to the registered holder of the relevant debt security at the close of business on the related record date. We will make all payments at the place and in the currency set out in the prospectus supplement. Unless otherwise specified in the relevant prospectus supplement or the debt securities, we will make payments in U.S. dollars at the New York office of the fiscal agent or, outside the United States, at the office of any paying agent. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or debt securities, we will pay interest by check, payable to the registered holder.

 

We will make any payments on debt securities in bearer form at the offices and agencies of the fiscal agent or any other paying agent outside the United States as we may designate. At the option of the holder of the bearer debt securities, we will make such payments by check or by transfer to an account maintained by the holder with a bank located outside of the United States. We will not make payments on bearer debt securities at the corporate trust office of the fiscal agent in the United States or at any other paying agency in the United States. In addition, we will not make any payment by mail to an address in the United States or by transfer to an account maintained by a holder of bearer debt securities with a bank in the United States. Nevertheless, we will make payments on a bearer debt security denominated and payable in U.S. dollars at an office or agency in the United States if:

 

   

payment outside the United States is illegal or effectively precluded by exchange controls or other similar restrictions; and

 

   

the payment is then permitted under United States law, without material adverse consequences to us.

 

If we issue bearer debt securities, we will designate the offices of at least one paying agent outside the United States as the location for payment.

 

Repayment of Funds; Prescription

 

If no one claims money paid by us to the fiscal agent for the payment of principal or interest in respect of any series of debt securities for two years after the payment was due and payable, the fiscal agent or paying agent will repay the money to us. After such repayment, the fiscal agent or paying agent will not be liable with respect to the amounts so repaid, and you may look only to us for any payment under the debt securities.

 

Under Korea law, you will not be permitted to file a claim against us for payment of principal or interest on any series of debt securities unless you do so within five years, in the case of principal, and two years, in the case of interest, from the date on which payment was due.

 

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Global Securities

 

The prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities will indicate whether any of that series of debt securities will be represented by a global security. The prospectus supplement will also describe any unique specific terms of the depositary arrangement with respect to that series. Unless otherwise specified in the prospectus supplement, we anticipate that the following provisions will apply to depositary arrangements.

 

Registered Ownership of the Global Security

 

The global security will be registered in the name of a depositary identified in the prospectus supplement, or its nominee, and will be deposited with the depositary, its nominee or a custodian. The depositary, or its nominee, will therefore be considered the sole owner or holder of debt securities represented by the global security for all purposes under the fiscal agency agreement. Except as specified below or in the applicable prospectus supplement, beneficial owners:

 

   

will not be entitled to have any of the debt securities represented by the global security registered in their names;

 

   

will not receive physical delivery of any debt securities in definitive form;

 

   

will not be considered the owners or holders of the debt securities;

 

   

must rely on the procedures of the depositary and, if applicable, any participants (institutions that have accounts with the depositary or a nominee of the depositary, such as securities brokers and dealers) to exercise any rights of a holder; and

 

   

will receive payments of principal and interest from the depositary or its participants rather than directly from us.

 

We understand that, under existing industry practice, the depositary and participants will allow beneficial owners to take all actions required of, and exercise all rights granted to, the registered holders of the debt securities.

 

We will register debt securities in the name of a person other than the depositary or its nominee only if:

 

   

the depositary for a series of debt securities is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary; or

 

   

we determine, in our sole discretion, not to have a series of debt securities represented by a global security.

 

In either such instance, an owner of a beneficial interest in a global security will be entitled to registration of a principal amount of debt securities equal to its beneficial interest in its name and to physical delivery of the debt securities in definitive form.

 

Beneficial Interests in and Payments on a Global Security

 

Only participants, and persons that may hold beneficial interests through participants, can own a beneficial interest in the global security. The depositary keeps records of the ownership and transfer of beneficial interests in the global security by its participants. In turn, participants keep records of the ownership and transfer of beneficial interests in the global security by other persons (such as their customers). No other records of the ownership and transfer of beneficial interests in the global security will be kept.

 

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All payments on a global security will be made to the depositary or its nominee. When the depositary receives payment of principal or interest on the global security, we expect the depositary to credit its participants’ accounts with amounts that correspond to their respective beneficial interests in the global security. We also expect that, after the participants’ accounts are credited, the participants will credit the accounts of the owners of beneficial interests in the global security with amounts that correspond to the owners’ respective beneficial interests in the global security.

 

The depositary and its participants establish policies and procedures governing payments, transfers, exchanges and other important matters that affect owners of beneficial interests in a global security. The depositary and its participants may change these policies and procedures from time to time. We have no responsibility or liability for the records of ownership of beneficial interests in the global security, or for payments made or not made to owners of such beneficial interests. We also have no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the relationship between the depositary and its participants or for any aspect of the relationship between participants and owners of beneficial interests in the global security.

 

Bearer Securities

 

We may issue debt securities in a series in the form of one or more bearer global debt securities deposited with a common depositary for the Euroclear and Clearstream, or with a nominee identified in the applicable prospectus supplement. The specific terms and procedures, including the specific terms of the depositary arrangement, with respect to any portion of a series of debt securities to be represented by a global security will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Additional Amounts

 

We will make all payments of principal of, and premium and interest, if any, on the debt securities without withholding or deducting any present or future taxes imposed by the Republic or any of its political subdivisions, unless required by law. If Korean law requires us to deduct or withhold taxes, we will pay additional amounts as necessary to ensure that you receive the same amount as you would have received without such withholding or deduction.

 

We will not pay, however, any additional amounts if you are liable for Korean tax because:

 

   

you are connected with the Republic other than by merely owning the debt security or receiving income or payments on the debt security;

 

   

you failed to complete and submit a declaration of your status as a non-resident of the Republic after we or the relevant tax authority requested you to do so; or

 

   

you failed to present your debt security for payment within 30 days of when the payment is due or, if the fiscal agent did not receive the money prior to the due date, the date notice is given to holders that the fiscal agent has received the full amount due to holders. Nevertheless, we will pay additional amounts to the extent you would have been entitled to such amounts had you presented your debt security for payment on the last day of the 30-day period.

 

We will not pay any additional amounts for taxes on the debt securities except for taxes payable through deduction or withholding from payments of principal, premium or interest. Examples of the types of taxes for which we will not pay additional amounts include the following: estate or inheritance taxes, gift taxes, sales or transfer taxes, personal property or related taxes, assessments or other governmental charges. We will pay stamp or other similar taxes that may be imposed by the Republic,

 

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the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority in one of those two countries on the fiscal agency agreement or be payable in connection with the issuance of the debt securities.

 

Status of Debt Securities

 

The debt securities will:

 

   

constitute our direct, unconditional, unsecured and unsubordinated obligations;

 

   

rank at least equally in right of payment among themselves, regardless of when issued or currency of payment; and

 

   

rank at least equally in right of payment with all of our other unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, subject to certain statutory exceptions under Korean law.

 

Negative Pledge Covenant

 

If any debt securities are outstanding, we will not create or permit any security interests on our assets as security for any of our Long-Term External Indebtedness or guarantees issued by us, unless the security interest also secures our obligations under the debt securities. “Long-Term External Indebtedness” means any obligation for the payment or repayment of money borrowed that is denominated in a currency other than the currency of the Republic and which has a final maturity of one year or more from its date of issuance.

 

We may, however, create or permit a security interest:

 

   

in favor of the Government or The Bank of Korea or any other agency or instrumentality of or controlled by the Government;

 

   

arising from, or any deposit or other arrangement made or entered into in connection with, the sale, assignment or other disposition or the discounting of any of our notes or receivables, or any other transaction in the ordinary course of our business; or

 

   

on any asset (or documents of title to such asset) incurred when the asset was purchased or improved to secure payment of the cost of the activity.

 

Events of Default

 

Each of the following constitutes an event of default with respect to any series of debt securities:

 

  1.   Non-Payment:    we do not pay principal or interest or premium or deposit any sinking fund payment on any debt securities of the series when due and such failure to pay continues for 30 days.

 

  2.   Breach of Other Obligations:    we fail to observe or perform any of the covenants in the series of debt securities (other than non-payment) for 60 days after written notice of the default is delivered to us at the corporate trust office of the fiscal agent in New York City by holders representing at least 10% of the aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of the series.

 

  3.   Cross Default and Cross Acceleration:

 

   

we default on any External Indebtedness, and, as a result, becomes obligated to pay an amount equal to or greater than US$10,000,000 in aggregate principal amount prior to its due date; or

 

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we fail to pay when due, including any grace period, any of our External Indebtedness in aggregate principal amount equal to or greater than US$10,000,000 or we fail to pay when requested and required by the terms thereof any guarantee for External Indebtedness of another person equal to or greater than US$10,000,000 in aggregate principal amount, except in any such case where such External Indebtedness or guarantee is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings.

 

  4.   Moratorium/Default:

 

   

we declare a general moratorium on the payment of our External Indebtedness, including obligations under guarantees;

 

   

the Republic declares a general moratorium on the payment of its External Indebtedness, including obligations under guarantees;

 

   

the Republic becomes liable to repay prior to maturity any amount of External Indebtedness, including obligations under guarantees, as a result of a default under such External Indebtedness or obligations; or

 

   

the international monetary reserves of the Republic become subject to a security interest or segregation or other preferential arrangement for the benefit of any creditors.

 

  5.   Bankruptcy:

 

   

we are declared bankrupt or insolvent by any court or administrative agency with jurisdiction over us;

 

   

we pass a resolution to apply for bankruptcy or to request the appointment of a receiver or trustee or similar official in insolvency;

 

   

a substantial part of our assets are liquidated; or

 

   

we cease to conduct the banking business.

 

  6.   Failure of Support:    the Republic fails to provide financial support for us as required under Article 37 of the KEXIM Act as of the date of the debt securities of such series.

 

  7.   Control of Assets:    the Republic ceases to control us (directly or indirectly).

 

  8.   IMF Membership/World Bank Membership:    the Republic ceases to be a member of the IMF or the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank).

 

For purposes of the foregoing, “External Indebtedness” means any obligation for the payment or repayment of money borrowed that is denominated in a currency other than the currency of the Republic.

 

If an event of default occurs, any holder may declare the principal amount of debt securities that it holds to be immediately due and payable by written notice to us and the fiscal agent.

 

You should note that:

 

   

despite the procedure described above, no debt securities may be declared due and payable if we cure the applicable event of default before we receive the written notice from the debt security holder;

 

   

we are not required to provide periodic evidence of the absence of defaults; and

 

   

the fiscal agency agreement does not require us to notify holders of the debt securities of an event of default or grant any debt security holder a right to examine the security register.

 

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Modifications and Amendments; Debt Securityholders’ Meetings

 

Each holder of a series of debt securities must consent to any amendment or modification of the terms of that series of debt securities or the fiscal agency agreement that would, among other things:

 

   

change the stated maturity of the principal of the debt securities or any installment of interest;

 

   

reduce the principal amount of such series of debt securities or the portion of the principal amount payable upon acceleration of such debt securities;

 

   

change the debt security’s interest rate or premium payable;

 

   

change the currency of payment of principal, interest or premium;

 

   

amend either the procedures provided for a redemption event or the definition of a redemption event;

 

   

shorten the period during which we are not allowed to redeem the debt securities or grant us a right to redeem the debt securities which we previously did not have; or

 

   

reduce the percentage of the outstanding principal amount needed to modify or amend the fiscal agency agreement or the terms of such series of debt securities.

 

We may, with the exception of the above changes, with the consent of the holders of at least 66 2/3% in principal amount of the debt securities of a series that are outstanding, modify and amend other terms of that series of debt securities.

 

The fiscal agency agreement and a series of debt securities may be modified or amended, without the consent of the holders of the debt securities, to:

 

   

add covenants made by us that benefit holders of the debt securities;

 

   

surrender any right or power given to us;

 

   

secure the debt securities;

 

   

permit registered securities to be exchanged for bearer securities or relax or eliminate restrictions on the payment of principal, premium or interest on bearer securities to the extent permitted under United States Department of Treasury regulations, provided that holders of the debt securities do not suffer any adverse tax consequences as a result; and

 

   

cure any ambiguity or correct or supplement any defective provision in the fiscal agency agreement or the debt securities, without materially and adversely affecting the interests of the holders of the debt securities.

 

Fiscal Agent

 

The fiscal agency agreement governs the duties of each fiscal agent. We may maintain bank accounts and a banking relationship with each fiscal agent. The fiscal agent is our agent and does not act as a trustee for the holders of the debt securities.

 

Further Issues of Debt Securities

 

We may, without the consent of the holders of the debt securities, create and issue additional debt securities with the same terms and conditions as any series of debt securities (or that are the same

 

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except for the amount of the first interest payment and for the interest paid on the series of debt securities prior to the issuance of the additional debt securities). We may consolidate such additional debt securities with the outstanding debt securities to form a single series.

 

We may offer additional debt securities with original issue discount (“OID”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes as part of a further issue. Purchasers of debt securities after the date of any further issue will not be able to differentiate between debt securities sold as part of the further issue and previously issued debt securities of the same series. If we were to issue further debt securities with OID, purchasers of debt securities after such further issue may be required to accrue OID (or greater amounts of OID that they would otherwise have accrued) with respect to their debt securities. This may affect the price of outstanding debt securities following a further issue. Purchasers are advised to consult legal counsel with respect to the implications of any future decision by us to undertake a further issue of debt securities with OID.

 

Description of Warrants

 

The description below summarizes some of the provisions of warrants for the purchase of debt securities that we may issue from time to time and of the warrant agreement. Copies of the forms of warrants and the warrant agreement are or will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Since it is only a summary, the description may not contain all of the information that is important to you as a potential investor in the warrants.

 

The description of the warrants that will be contained in the prospectus supplement will supplement this description and, to the extent inconsistent with this description, replace it.

 

General Terms of the Warrants

 

Each series of warrants will be issued under a warrant agreement to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as warrant agent. The prospectus supplement relating to the series of warrants will describe:

 

   

the terms of the debt securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants, as described above under “Description of the Securities—Description of Debt Securities—General Terms of the Debt Securities”;

 

   

the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the exercise price;

 

   

the procedures and conditions for the exercise of the warrants;

 

   

the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants begins and expires;

 

   

whether and under what conditions the warrants may be terminated or canceled by us;

 

   

whether and under what conditions the warrants and any debt securities issued with the warrants will be separately transferable;

 

   

whether the warrants will be issued in bearer or registered form;

 

   

whether the warrants will be exchangeable between registered and bearer form, and, if issued in registered form, where they may be transferred and registered; and

 

   

other specific provisions.

 

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Terms Applicable to Debt Securities and Warrants

 

Governing Law

 

The fiscal agency agreement, any warrant agreement and the debt securities and any warrants will be governed by the laws of the State of New York without regard to any principles of New York law requiring the application of the laws of another jurisdiction. Nevertheless, all matters governing our authorization, execution and delivery of the debt securities and the fiscal agency agreement and any warrants and warrant agreement by us will be governed by the laws of the Republic.

 

Jurisdiction and Consent to Service

 

We are owned by a foreign sovereign government and all of our directors and executive officers and some of the experts named in this prospectus are residents of Korea. In addition, all or most our assets and the assets of the people named in the preceding sentence are located outside of the United States. For that reason, you may have difficultly serving process on us or the individuals described above in the United States or enforcing in a U.S. court a U.S.-court judgment based on the U.S. federal securities laws. Our Korean counsel has informed us that there is doubt regarding the enforceability in Korea, either in original actions or in actions for the enforcement of U.S.-court judgments, of civil liabilities based on the U.S. federal securities laws.

 

We have appointed the Chief Representative of our New York Representative Office, Mr. Joo-shik Kong, and the Senior Deputy General Representative of our New York Representative Office, Mr. Kyu-yeol Cho, and each of their successors in the future, as our authorized agents to receive service of process in any suit which a holder of any series of debt securities or warrants may bring in any state or federal court in New York City and we have accepted the jurisdiction of those courts for those actions. Our New York Representative Office is located at 460 Park Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, New York 10022. These appointments are irrevocable as long as any amounts of principal, premium or interest remain payable by us to the Fiscal Agent under any series of debt securities or any warrants have not expired or otherwise terminated under their terms. If for any reason either of these two men ceases to act as our authorized agent or ceases to have an address in Manhattan, we shall appoint a replacement. The appointment of agents for receipt of service of process and the acceptance of jurisdiction of state or federal courts in New York City do not, however, apply to actions brought under the United States federal securities laws. We may also be sued in courts having jurisdiction over us located in the Republic.

 

We will irrevocably consent to any relief and process in connection with a suit against us in relation to the debt securities or warrants, including the enforcement or execution of any order or judgment of the court. To the extent permitted by law, we will waive irrevocably any immunity from jurisdiction to which we might otherwise be entitled in any suit based on any series of debt securities or warrants.

 

Foreign Exchange Controls

 

The Minister of Finance and Economy of Korea must receive a notification with respect to the issuance by us of debt securities before we may issue debt securities outside the Republic. After issuance of debt securities outside the Republic, we are required to notify the Minister of Finance and Economy of such issuance. No further approval or authorization is required for us to pay principal of or interest on the debt securities.

 

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LIMITATIONS ON ISSUANCE OF BEARER DEBT SECURITIES

AND BEARER WARRANTS

 

Bearer securities will not be offered, sold or delivered in the United States or its possessions or to a United States person; except in certain circumstances permitted by United States tax regulations. Bearer securities will initially be represented by temporary global securities, without interest coupons, deposited with a common depositary in London for Euroclear and Clearstream for credit to designated accounts. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement:

 

   

each temporary global security will be exchangeable for definitive bearer securities on or after the date that is 40 days after issuance only upon receipt of certification of non-United States beneficial ownership of the temporary global security as provided for in United States tax regulations, provided that no bearer security will be mailed or otherwise delivered to any location in the United States in connection with the exchange; and

 

   

any interest payable on any portion of a temporary global security with respect to any interest payment date occurring prior to the issuance of definitive bearer securities will be paid only upon receipt of certification of non-United States beneficial ownership of the temporary global security as provided for in United States tax regulations.

 

Bearer securities, other than temporary global debt securities, and any related coupons will bear the following legend: “Any United States person who holds this obligation will be subject to limitations under the United States federal income tax laws, including the limitations provided in Section 165(j) and 1287(a) of the Internal Revenue Code.” The sections referred to in the legend provide that, with certain exceptions, a United States person who holds a bearer security or coupon will not be allowed to deduct any loss realized on the disposition of the bearer security, and any gain, which might otherwise be characterized as capital gain, recognized on the disposition will be treated as ordinary income.

 

For purposes of this section, “United States person” means:

 

   

a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation, partnership or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States of any political subdivision thereof; or

 

   

an estate or trust the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source.

 

For purposes of this section, “United States” means the United States of America, including each state and the District of Columbia, its territories, possessions and other areas subject to its jurisdiction.

 

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TAXATION

 

The following discussion summarizes certain Korean and U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to you if you invest in debt securities. This summary is based on laws, regulations, rulings and decisions now in effect, which may change. Any change could apply retroactively and could affect the continued validity of this summary.

 

This summary does not describe all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to you or your situation, particularly if you are subject to special tax rules. You should consult your tax adviser about the tax consequences of holding the debt securities, including the relevance to your particular situation of the considerations discussed below, as well as of state, local or other tax laws.

 

Korean Taxation

 

The following summary of Korean tax consideration applies to you so long as you are not:

 

   

a resident of Korea;

 

   

a corporation organized under Korean law; or

 

   

engaging in a trade or business in Korea through a permanent establishment or a fixed base to which the relevant income is attributable or with which the relevant income is effectively connected.

 

Tax on Interest Payments

 

Under the Special Tax Treatment Control Law (the “STTCL”), when we make payments of interest to you on the debt securities, no amount will be withheld from such payments for, or on account of, taxes of any kind imposed, levied, withheld or assessed by Korea or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein; provided that the debt securities are deemed to be foreign currency denominated bonds for the purpose of the STTCL.

 

Tax on Capital Gains

 

You will not be subject to any Korean income or withholding taxes in connection with the sale, exchange or other disposition of a debt security, provided that the disposition does not involve a transfer of the debt security to a resident of Korea (or the Korean permanent establishment of a non-resident). In addition, the STTCL exempts you from Korean taxation on any capital gains that you earn from the transfer of the debt securities outside of Korea; provided that the offering of the debt securities is deemed to be an overseas issuance for the purpose of the STTCL. If you sell or otherwise dispose of debt securities to a Korean resident or such disposition or sale is made within Korea, any gain realized on the transaction will be taxable at ordinary Korean withholding tax rates at the lower of 27.5% of net gain (subject to the production of satisfactory evidence of the acquisition costs and certain direct transaction costs) or 11% of gross sale proceeds with respect to transactions, unless an exemption is available under an applicable income tax treaty. For example, if you are a resident of the United States for the purposes of the income tax treaty currently in force between Korea and the United States, you are generally entitled to an exemption from Korean taxation in respect of any gain realized on a disposition of a debt security, regardless of whether the disposition is to a Korean resident. For more information regarding tax treaties, please refer to the heading “Tax Treaties” below.

 

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With respect to computing the above-mentioned 27.5% withholding taxes on net gain, please note that there is no provision under relevant Korean law for offsetting gains and losses or otherwise aggregating transactions for the purpose of computing the net gain attributable to sales of the debt securities. The purchaser of the debt securities or, in the case of the sale of the debt securities through a securities company in Korea, the securities company through which such sale is effected, is required under Korean law to withhold the applicable amount of Korean tax and make payment thereof to the relevant Korean tax authority. Unless you, as the seller, can claim the benefit of an exemption or a reduced rate of tax under an applicable tax treaty or in the absence of producing satisfactory evidence of your acquisition cost and certain direct transaction cost in relation to the debt securities being sold, the purchaser or the securities company, as applicable, must withhold an amount equal to 11% of the gross sale proceeds. Any withheld tax must be paid no later than the tenth day of the month following the month in which the payment for the purchase of the relevant debt securities occurred. Failure to timely transmit the withheld tax to the Korean tax authorities technically subjects the purchaser or the securities company to penalties under Korean tax laws.

 

Inheritance Tax and Gift Tax

 

If you die while domiciled in Korea, Korean inheritance tax will be imposed upon the transfer by succession of any of the debt securities, wherever located, that you own at the time of death. Furthermore, regardless of where you are domiciled when you die, Korean inheritance tax will be imposed upon the transfer by succession of any of the debt securities you own that are located in Korea at the time of death. Similarly, if you give the debt securities as a gift to any other person, the donee will be subject to Korean gift tax, based on where you are domiciled or where the debt securities are located at the time that you make the gift. The amount, if any, of the applicable inheritance or gift tax imposed in specific cases depends on the value of the debt securities (or other property) and the identities of the parties involved.

 

Under Korean inheritance and gift tax laws, debt securities issued by Korean corporations are deemed to be located in Korea irrespective of where they are physically located or by whom they are owned.

 

Stamp Duty

 

You will not be subject to any Korean stamp duty, registration duty or similar documentary tax in respect of or in connection with a transfer of any debt securities or in connection with the exercise of exchange rights or conversion rights that may be acquired with the debt securities.

 

Guarantees

 

Any payments by us under our guarantee on the debt securities issued by a third-party Korean issuer, except payments made in respect of the principal amount of such guaranteed debt securities (or the issue price if the debt securities were originally issued at a discount), may be subject to withholding tax at the rate of 27.5% (including resident surtax) or such lower rate as may be available under an applicable tax treaty, if any, between Korea and the country of incorporation or residence of the non-resident holder of the debt securities who receives our guarantee payments, unless otherwise exempt under such applicable tax treaty or Korean tax law. Further details of the tax consequences of the holders of third-party debt securities guaranteed by us may be provided in the relevant prospectus supplement.

 

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Tax Treaties

 

At the date of this prospectus, Korea has tax treaties with, among others, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Republic of Fiji, Romania, Singapore, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States of America and Vietnam under which the rate of withholding tax on interest and dividends is reduced, generally to between 5% and 15%, and the tax on capital gains is often eliminated.

 

With respect to any gains subject to Korean withholding tax, as described under the heading “Tax on Capital Gains” above, you should inquire for yourself whether you are entitled to the benefit of a tax treaty with Korea. It will be your responsibility to claim the benefits of any tax treaty that may exist between your country and Korea in respect of capital gains, and to provide to the purchaser of the debt securities, or the relevant securities company through which the transfer of the debt securities is effected, as applicable, a certificate as to your country of residence. In the absence of sufficient proof, the purchaser, or the relevant securities company, as the case may be, must withhold tax at normal rates.

 

In addition, subject to certain exceptions, in order to receive the benefit of a tax exemption available under any applicable tax treaty, you may also be required to submit to the payer of such Korean source income an application for tax exemption under a tax treaty, together with a certificate as to your country of residence. The payer of such Korean source income, in turn, will be required to submit such exemption application to the relevant district tax office in Korea by the ninth day of the month following the date of the first payment of such income.

 

At present, Korea has not entered into any tax treaties regarding inheritance or gift tax.

 

United States Tax Considerations

 

Any U.S. federal tax advice included in this communication was not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of avoiding U.S. federal tax penalties.

 

The following discussion summarizes certain U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to you if you invest in debt securities and are a U.S. holder. You will be a U.S. holder if you are an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, a U.S. domestic corporation, or any other person that is subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of its investment in a debt security. This summary deals only with U.S. holders that hold debt securities as capital assets for tax purposes. This summary does not apply to you if you are an investor that is subject to special tax rules, such as:

 

   

a bank or thrift;

 

   

a real estate investment trust;

 

   

a regulated investment company;

 

   

an insurance company;

 

   

a dealer in securities or currencies;

 

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a trader in securities or commodities that elects mark-to-market treatment;

 

   

a person that will hold debt securities as a hedge against currency risk or as a position in a straddle or conversion transaction for tax purposes;

 

   

a tax exempt organization; or

 

   

a person whose functional currency for tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar.

 

If you are not a U.S. holder, consult the discussions under the captions “Non-U.S. Persons” and “Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” below; the remainder of this summary does not discuss the treatment of persons that are not U.S. holders.

 

This summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations promulgated thereunder, and published rulings and court decisions, all as currently in effect. These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis.

 

You should consult your tax adviser about the tax consequences of holding debt securities, including the relevance to your particular situation of the considerations discussed below, as well as of state, local or other tax laws.

 

Payments or Accruals of Interest

 

Payments or accruals of “qualified stated interest” (as defined below) on a debt security will be taxable to you as ordinary interest income at the time that you receive or accrue such amounts, in accordance with your regular method of tax accounting. If you use the cash method of tax accounting and you receive payments of interest pursuant to the terms of a debt security in a currency other than U.S. dollars, a “foreign currency”, the amount of interest income you will realize will be the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency payment based on the exchange rate in effect on the date you receive the payment regardless of whether you convert the payment into U.S. dollars. If you are an accrual-basis U.S. holder, the amount of interest income you will realize will be based on the average exchange rate in effect during the interest accrual period, or with respect to an interest accrual period that spans two taxable years, at the average exchange rate for the partial period within the taxable year. Alternatively, as an accrual-basis U.S. holder you may elect to translate all interest income on foreign-currency-denominated debt securities at the spot rate on the last day of the accrual period, or the last day of the taxable year, in the case of an accrual period that spans more than one taxable year, or on the date that you receive the interest payment if that date is within five business days of the end of the accrual period. If you make this election you must apply it consistently to all debt instruments from year to year and you cannot change the election without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service. If you use the accrual method of accounting for tax purposes you will recognize foreign currency gain or loss on the receipt of a foreign currency interest payment if the exchange rate in effect on the date the payment is received differs from the rate applicable to a previous accrual of that interest income. This foreign currency gain or loss will be treated as ordinary income or loss, but generally will not be treated as an adjustment to interest income received on the debt security.

 

Purchase, Sale and Retirement of Notes

 

Initially, your tax basis in a debt security generally will equal the cost of the debt security to you. Your basis will increase by any amounts that you are required to include in income under the rules

 

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governing original issue discount and market discount, and will decrease by the amount of any amortized premium and any payments other than qualified stated interest made on the debt security. The rules for determining these amounts are discussed below. If you purchase a debt security that is denominated in a foreign currency, the cost to you, and therefore generally your initial tax basis, will be the U.S. dollar value of the foreign currency purchase price on the date of purchase calculated at the exchange rate in effect on that date. If the foreign-currency-denominated debt security is traded on an established securities market and you are a cash-basis taxpayer, or if you are an accrual-basis taxpayer that makes a special election, then you will determine the U.S. dollar value of the cost of the debt security by translating the amount of the foreign currency that you paid for the debt security at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of your purchase. The amount of any subsequent adjustments to your tax basis in a debt security in respect of foreign-currency-denominated original issue discount, market discount and premium will be determined in the manner described below. If you convert U.S. dollars into a foreign currency and then immediately use that foreign currency to purchase a debt security, you generally will not have any taxable gain or loss as a result of the purchase.

 

When you sell or exchange a debt security, or if a debt security is retired, you generally will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount you realize on the transaction, less any accrued qualified stated interest, which will be subject to tax in the manner described above, and your tax basis in the debt security. If you sell or exchange a debt security for a foreign currency, or receive foreign currency on the retirement of a debt security, the amount you will realize for U.S. tax purposes generally will be the dollar value of the foreign currency that you receive calculated at the exchange rate in effect on the date the foreign currency debt security is disposed of or retired. If you dispose of a foreign currency debt security that is traded on an established securities market and you are a cash-basis U.S. holder, or if you are an accrual-basis holder that makes a special election, then you will determine the U.S. dollar value of the amount realized by translating the amount at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of the sale, exchange or retirement.

 

The special election available to you if you are an accrual-basis taxpayer in respect of the purchase and sale of foreign currency debt securities traded on an established securities market, which is discussed in the two preceding paragraphs, must be applied consistently to all debt instruments from year to year and cannot be changed without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service.

 

Except as discussed below with respect to market discount and foreign currency gain or loss, the gain or loss that you recognize on the sale, exchange or retirement of a debt security generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if you have held the debt security for more than one year. The Code provides preferential treatment under certain circumstances for net long-term capital gains recognized by individual investors. Net long-term capital gain recognized by an individual U.S. holder generally will be subject to a maximum tax rate of 15% for debt securities held for more than one year. The ability of U.S. holders to offset capital losses against ordinary income is limited.

 

Despite the foregoing, the gain or loss that you recognize on the sale, exchange or retirement of a foreign currency debt security generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss to the extent that the gain or loss is attributable to changes in exchange rates during the period in which you held the debt security. This foreign currency gain or loss will not be treated as an adjustment to interest income that you receive on the debt security.

 

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Original Issue Discount

 

If we issue debt securities at a discount from their stated redemption price at maturity, and the discount is equal to or more than the product of one-fourth of one percent (0.25%) of the stated redemption price at maturity of the debt securities multiplied by the number of whole years to their maturity, the debt securities will be “Original Issue Discount Debt Securities.” The difference between the issue price and their stated redemption price at maturity will be the “original issue discount.” The “issue price” of the debt securities will be the first price at which a substantial amount of the debt securities are sold to the public (i.e., excluding sales of debt securities to underwriters, placement agents, wholesalers, or similar persons). The “stated redemption price at maturity” will include all payments under the debt securities other than payments of qualified stated interest. The term “qualified stated interest” generally means stated interest that is unconditionally payable in cash or property, other than debt instruments issued by the Company, at least annually during the entire term of a debt security at a single fixed interest rate or, subject to certain conditions, based on one or more interest indices.

 

If you invest in Original Issue Discount Debt Securities you generally will be subject to the special tax accounting rules for original issue discount obligations provided by the Internal Revenue Code and certain Treasury regulations. You should be aware that, as described in greater detail below, if you invest in an Original Issue Discount Debt Security you generally will be required to include original issue discount in ordinary gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes as it accrues, before you receive the cash attributable to that income.

 

In general, and regardless of whether you use the cash or the accrual method of tax accounting, if you are the holder of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security with a maturity greater than one year, you will be required to include in ordinary gross income the sum of the “daily portions” of original issue discount on that debt security for all days during the taxable year that you own the debt security. The daily portions of original issue discount on an Original Issue Discount Debt Security are determined by allocating to each day in any accrual period a ratable portion of the original issue discount allocable to that period. Accrual periods may be any length and may vary in length over the term of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security, so long as no accrual period is longer than one year and each scheduled payment of principal or interest occurs on the first or last day of an accrual period. If you are the initial holder of the debt security, the amount of original issue discount on an Original Issue Discount Debt Security allocable to each accrual period is determined by:

 

  (i)   multiplying the “adjusted issue price” (as defined below) of the debt security at the beginning of the accrual period by a fraction, the numerator of which is the annual yield to maturity of the debt security and the denominator of which is the number of accrual periods in a year; and

 

  (ii)   subtracting from that product the amount, if any, payable as qualified stated interest allocable to that accrual period.

 

In the case of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security that is a floating-rate debt security, both the “annual yield to maturity” and the qualified stated interest will be determined for these purposes as though the debt security had borne interest in all periods at a fixed rate generally equal to the rate that would be applicable to interest payments on the debt security on its date of issue or, in the case of some floating-rate debt securities, the rate that reflects the yield that is reasonably expected for the debt security. Additional rules may apply if interest on a floating-rate debt security is based on more than one interest index. The “adjusted issue price” of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security at the beginning of any accrual period will generally be the sum of its issue price, including any accrued

 

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interest, and the amount of original issue discount allocable to all prior accrual periods, reduced by the amount of all payments other than any qualified stated interest payments on the debt security in all prior accrual periods. All payments on an Original Issue Discount Debt Security, other than qualified stated interest, will generally be viewed first as payments of previously accrued original issue discount, to the extent of the previously accrued discount, with payments considered made from the earliest accrual periods first, and then as a payment of principal. The “annual yield to maturity” of a debt security is the discount rate, appropriately adjusted to reflect the length of accrual periods, that causes the present value on the issue date of all payments on the debt security to equal the issue price. As a result of this “constant yield” method of including original issue discount income, the amounts you will be required to include in your gross income if you invest in an Original Issue Discount Debt Security denominated in U.S. dollars will generally be less in the early years and greater in the later years than amounts that would be includible on a straight-line basis.

 

You generally may make an irrevocable election to include in income your entire return on a debt security (i.e., the excess of all remaining payments to be received on the debt security, including payments of qualified stated interest, over the amount you paid for the debt security) under the constant yield method described above. For debt securities purchased at a premium or bearing market discount in your hands, if you make this election you will also be deemed to have made the election (discussed below under “Premium and Market Discount”) to amortize premium or to accrue market discount in income currently on a constant yield basis.

 

In the case of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security that is also a foreign-currency-denominated debt security, you should determine the U.S. dollar amount includible as original issue discount for each accrual period by (i) calculating the amount of original issue discount allocable to each accrual period in the foreign currency using the constant yield method, and (ii) translating the foreign currency amount so determined at the average exchange rate in effect during that accrual period, or, with respect to an interest accrual period that spans two taxable years, at the average exchange rate for each partial period. Alternatively, you may translate the foreign currency amount so determined at the spot rate of exchange on the last day of the accrual period, or the last day of the taxable year, for an accrual period that spans two taxable years, or at the spot rate of exchange on the date of receipt, if that date is within five business days of the last day of the accrual period, provided that you have made the election described under the caption “Payments or Accruals of Interest” above. Because exchange rates may fluctuate, if you are the holder of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security that is also a foreign currency debt security you may recognize a different amount of original issue discount income in each accrual period than would be the case if you were the holder of an otherwise similar Original Issue Discount Debt Security denominated in U.S. dollars. Upon the receipt of an amount attributable to original issue discount, whether in connection with a payment of an amount that is not qualified stated interest or the sale or retirement of the Original Issue Discount Debt Security, you will recognize ordinary income or loss measured by the difference between the amount received, translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt or on the date of disposition of the Original Issue Discount Debt Security, as the case may be, and the amount accrued, using the exchange rate applicable to such previous accrual.

 

If you purchase an Original Issue Discount Debt Security outside of the initial offering at a cost less than its “remaining redemption amount”, or if you purchase an Original Issue Discount Debt Security in the initial offering at a price other than the debt security’s issue price, you will also generally be required to include in gross income the daily portions of original issue discount, calculated as described above. However, if you acquire an Original Issue Discount Debt Security at a price

 

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greater than its adjusted issue price, you will be entitled to reduce your periodic inclusions of original issue discount to reflect the premium paid over the adjusted issue price. The remaining redemption amount for an Original Issue Discount Debt Security is the total of all future payments to be made on the debt security other than qualified stated interest.

 

Certain of the Original Issue Discount Debt Securities may be redeemed prior to Maturity, either at our option or at the option of the holder, or may have special repayment or interest rate reset features as indicated in the pricing supplement. Original Issue Discount Debt Securities containing these features may be subject to rules that differ from the general rules discussed above. If you purchase Original Issue Discount Debt Securities with these features, you should carefully examine the pricing supplement and consult your tax adviser about their treatment since the tax consequences of original issue discount will depend, in part, on the particular terms and features of the debt securities.

 

Short-Term Debt Securities

 

The rules described above will also generally apply to Original Issue Discount Debt Securities with maturities of one year or less (“short-term debt securities”), but with some modifications.

 

First, the original issue discount rules treat none of the interest on a short-term debt security as qualified stated interest, but treat a short-term debt security as having original issue discount. Thus, all short-term debt securities will be Original Issue Discount Debt Securities. Except as noted below, if you are a cash-basis holder of a short-term debt security and you do not identify the short-term debt security as part of a hedging transaction you will generally not be required to accrue original issue discount currently, but you will be required to treat any gain realized on a sale, exchange or retirement of the debt security as ordinary income to the extent such gain does not exceed the original issue discount accrued with respect to the debt security during the period you held the debt security. You may not be allowed to deduct all of the interest paid or accrued on any indebtedness incurred or maintained to purchase or carry a short-term debt security until the maturity of the debt security or its earlier disposition in a taxable transaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if you are a cash-basis U.S. holder of a short-term debt security you may elect to accrue original issue discount on a current basis, in which case the limitation on the deductibility of interest described above will not apply. A U.S. holder using the accrual method of tax accounting and some cash method holders, including banks, securities dealers, regulated investment companies and certain trust funds, generally will be required to include original issue discount on a short-term debt security in gross income on a current basis. Original issue discount will be treated as accruing for these purposes on a ratable basis or, at the election of the holder, on a constant yield basis based on daily compounding.

 

Second, regardless of whether you are a cash- or accrual-basis holder, if you are the holder of a short-term debt security you can elect to accrue any “acquisition discount” with respect to the debt security on a current basis. Acquisition discount is the excess of the remaining redemption amount of the debt security at the time of acquisition over the purchase price. Acquisition discount will be treated as accruing ratably or, at the election of the holder, under a constant yield method based on daily compounding. If you elect to accrue acquisition discount, the original issue discount rules will not apply.

 

Finally, the market discount rules described below will not apply to short-term debt securities.

 

As described above, certain of the debt securities may be subject to special redemption features. These features may affect the determination of whether a debt security has a maturity of one year or

 

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less and thus is a short-term debt security. If you purchase debt securities with these features, you should carefully examine the pricing supplement and consult your tax adviser about these features.

 

Premium and Market Discount

 

If you purchase a debt security at a cost greater than the debt security’s remaining redemption amount, you will be considered to have purchased the debt security at a premium, and you may elect to amortize the premium as an offset to interest income, using a constant yield method, over the remaining term of the debt security. If you make this election, it generally will apply to all debt instruments that you hold at the time of the election, as well as any debt instruments that you subsequently acquire. In addition, you may not revoke the election without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service. If you elect to amortize the premium you will be required to reduce your tax basis in the debt security by the amount of the premium amortized during your holding period. Original Issue Discount Debt Securities purchased at a premium will not be subject to the original issue discount rules described above. In the case of premium on a foreign currency debt security, you should calculate the amortization of the premium in the foreign currency. Amortization deductions attributable to a period reduce interest payments in respect of that period, and therefore are translated into U.S. dollars at the rate that you use for those interest payments. Exchange gain or loss will be realized with respect to amortized premium on a foreign currency debt security based on the difference between the exchange rate computed on the date or dates the premium is amortized against interest payments on the debt security and the exchange rate on the date when the holder acquired the debt security. For a U.S. holder that does not elect to amortize premium, the amount of premium will be included in your tax basis when the debt security matures or is disposed of. Therefore, if you do not elect to amortize premium and you hold the debt security to maturity, you generally will be required to treat the premium as capital loss when the debt security matures.

 

If you purchase a debt security at a price that is lower than the debt security’s remaining redemption amount, or in the case of an Original Issue Discount Debt Security, the debt security’s adjusted issue price, by 0.25% or more of the remaining redemption amount, or adjusted issue price, multiplied by the number of remaining whole years to maturity, the debt security will be considered to bear “market discount” in your hands. In this case, any gain that you realize on the disposition of the debt security generally will be treated as ordinary interest income to the extent of the market discount that accrued on the debt security during your holding period. In addition, you could be required to defer the deduction of a portion of the interest paid on any indebtedness that you incurred or continued to purchase or carry the debt security. In general, market discount will be treated as accruing ratably over the term of the debt security, or, at your election, under a constant yield method. You must accrue market discount on a foreign currency debt security in the specified currency. The amount that you will be required to include in income in respect of accrued market discount will be the U.S. dollar value of the accrued amount, generally calculated at the exchange rate in effect on the date that you dispose of the debt security.

 

You may elect to include market discount in gross income currently as it accrues (on either a ratable or constant yield basis), in lieu of treating a portion of any gain realized on a sale of the debt security as ordinary income. If you elect to include market discount on a current basis, the interest deduction deferral rule described above will not apply. If you do make such an election, it will apply to all market discount debt instruments that you acquire on or after the first day of the first taxable year to which the election applies. The election may not be revoked without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service. Any accrued market discount on a foreign currency debt security that is currently

 

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includible in income will be translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rate for the accrual period (or portion thereof within the holder’s taxable year).

 

Warrants

 

A description of the tax consequences of an investment in warrants will be provided in the applicable pricing supplement.

 

Indexed Notes and Other Notes Providing for Contingent Payments

 

Special rules govern the tax treatment of debt obligations that provide for contingent payments (“contingent debt obligations”). These rules generally require accrual of interest income on a constant yield basis in respect of contingent debt obligations at a yield determined at the time of issuance of the obligation, and may require adjustments to these accruals when any contingent payments are made. In addition, special rules may apply to floating-rate debt securities if the interest payable on the debt securities is based on more than one interest index. We will provide a detailed description of the tax considerations relevant to U.S. holders of any debt securities that are subject to the special rules discussed in this paragraph in the relevant pricing supplement.

 

Non-U.S. Persons

 

The following summary applies to you if you are not a United States person for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

If you are not a United States person, the interest income and gains that you derive in respect of the debt securities generally will be exempt from United States federal income taxes, including withholding tax. However, to receive this exemption you may be required to satisfy certain certification requirements of the United States Internal Revenue Service to establish that you are not a United States person. See “Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” below.

 

Even if you are not a United States person, you may still be subject to United States federal income taxes on any interest income you derive in respect of the debt securities if:

 

   

you are an insurance company carrying on a United States insurance business, within the meaning of the Code; or

 

   

you have an office or other fixed place of business in the United States that receives the interest and you earn the interest in the course of operating (i) a banking, financing or similar business in the United States or (ii) a corporation the principal business of which is trading in stock or securities for its own account, and certain other conditions exist.

 

If you are not a United States person, any gain you realize on a sale or exchange of debt securities generally will be exempt from United States federal income tax, including withholding tax, unless:

 

   

your gain is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United States; or

 

   

you are an individual holder and are present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale, and either (i) your gain is attributable to an office or other fixed place of business that you maintain in the United States or (ii) you have a tax home in the United States.

 

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A debt security held by an individual holder who at the time of death is a non-resident alien will not be subject to United States federal estate tax.

 

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

The paying agent must file information returns with the United States Internal Revenue Service in connection with debt security payments made to certain United States persons. If you are a United States person, you generally will not be subject to United States backup withholding tax on such payments if you provide your taxpayer identification number to the paying agent. You may also be subject to information reporting and backup withholding tax requirements with respect to the proceeds from a sale of the debt securities. If you are not a United States person, in order to avoid information reporting and backup withholding tax requirements you may have to comply with certification procedures to establish that you are not a United States person.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

We may sell or issue the debt securities or warrants in any of three ways:

 

   

through underwriters or dealers;

 

   

directly to one or more purchasers; or

 

   

through agents.

 

The prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of debt securities or warrants will state:

 

   

the names of any underwriters;

 

   

the purchase price of the securities;

 

   

the proceeds to us from the sale;

 

   

any underwriting discounts and other compensation;

 

   

the initial public offering price;

 

   

any discounts or concessions allowed or paid to dealers; and

 

   

any securities exchanges on which the securities will be listed.

 

Any underwriter involved in the sale of securities will acquire the securities for its own account. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices to be determined at the time of sale. The securities may be offered to the public either by underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, certain conditions must be satisfied before the underwriters become obligated to purchase securities from us, and they will be obligated to purchase all of the securities if any are purchased. The underwriters may change any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.

 

If we sell any securities through agents, the prospectus supplement will identify the agent and indicate any commissions payable by us. Unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, all agents will act on a best efforts basis and will not acquire the securities for their own account.

 

We may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers by certain specified entities to purchase the securities from us at the public offering price set forth in a prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts. The prospectus supplement will set out the conditions of the delayed delivery contracts and the commission receivable by the agents, underwriters or dealers for soliciting the contracts.

 

Agents and underwriters may be entitled to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or to contribution from us with respect to certain payments which the agents or underwriters may be required to make. Agents and underwriters may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services (including commercial and investment banking services) for, us in the ordinary course of business.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of any particular series of debt securities or warrants issued with debt securities will be passed upon for us and any underwriters or agents by United States and Korean counsel identified in the related prospectus supplement.

 

AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVES IN THE UNITED STATES

 

Our authorized agents in the United States are Mr. Joo-shik Kong, Chief Representative of our New York Representative Office, or Mr. Kyu-yeol Cho, Senior Deputy Representative of our New York Representative Office. The address of our New York Representative Office is 460 Park Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, New York 10022. The authorized representative of the Republic in the United States is Mr. In-kang Cho, Financial Attache, Korean Consulate General in New York, located at 335 East 45th Street, New York, New York 10017.

 

OFFICIAL STATEMENTS AND DOCUMENTS

 

Our Chairman and President, in his official capacity, has supplied the information set forth under “The Export-Import Bank of Korea” (except for the information set out under “The Export-Import Bank of Korea—Business—Government Support and Supervision”). Such information is stated on his authority.

 

The Minister of Finance and Economy of The Republic of Korea, in his official capacity, has supplied the information set out under “The Export-Import Bank of Korea—Business—Government Support and Supervision” and “The Republic of Korea”. Such information is stated on his authority. The documents identified in the portion of this prospectus captioned “The Republic of Korea” as the sources of financial or statistical data are official public documents of the Republic or its agencies and instrumentalities.

 

EXPERTS

 

Our financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 included in this prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of Deloitte Anjin LLC (member of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu), independent accountants, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This prospectus includes future expectations, projections or “forward-looking statements”, as defined in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The words “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “project” and similar words identify forward-looking statements. In addition, all statements other than statements of historical facts included in this prospectus are forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove correct. This prospectus discloses important factors that could cause

 

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actual results to differ materially from our expectations (“Cautionary Statements”). All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the Cautionary Statements.

 

Factors that could adversely affect the future performance of the Korean economy include:

 

   

financial problems relating to chaebols (Korean conglomerates), or their suppliers, and their potential adverse impact on the Korean economy, including as a result of recent investigations relating to unlawful political contributions by chaebols;

 

   

failure or lack of progress in restructuring of chaebols, the financial industry and other large troubled companies, including credit card companies;

 

   

loss of investor confidence arising from corporate accounting irregularities and corporate governance issues at certain chaebols;

 

   

a slowdown in consumer spending or the overall economy;

 

   

adverse changes or volatility in foreign currency reserve levels, commodity prices (including an increase in oil prices), exchange rates, interest rates or stock markets;

 

   

deterioration of economic or market conditions in other emerging markets;

 

   

adverse developments in the economies of countries that are important export markets for the Republic, such as the United States, Japan and China, or in emerging market economies in Asia or elsewhere that could result in a loss of confidence in the Korean economy;

 

   

the continued emergence of China, to the extent its benefits (such as increased exports to China) are outweighed by its costs (such as competition in export markets or for foreign investment and the relocation of the manufacturing base from the Republic to China);

 

   

social and labor unrest;

 

   

a decrease in tax revenues and a substantial increase in the Korean government’s expenditures for unemployment compensation and other social programs that, together, would lead to an increased government budget deficit;

 

   

geo-political uncertainly and risk of further attacks by terrorist groups around the world;

 

   

the recurrence of SARS or avian influenza in Asia and other parts of the world;

 

   

political uncertainly or increasing strife among or within political parties in the Republic;

 

   

deterioration in economic or diplomatic relations between the Republic and its trading partners or allies, including such deterioration resulting from trade disputes or disagreements in foreign policy;

 

   

hostilities involving oil producing countries in the Middle East and any material disruption in the supply of oil or increase in the price of oil resulting from those hostilities; and

 

   

an increase in the level of tensions or an outbreak of hostilities between North Korea and the Republic and/or the United States.

 

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FURTHER INFORMATION

 

We filed a registration statement with respect to the securities with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and its related rules and regulations. You can find additional information concerning ourselves and the securities in the registration statement and any pre- or post-effective amendment, including its various exhibits, which may be inspected at the public reference facilities maintained by the Securities and Exchange Commission at Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549.

 

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HEAD OFFICE OF THE BANK

 

16-1, Youido-dong,

Yongdeungpo-ku

Seoul 150-996

Korea

 

FISCAL AGENT AND PRINCIPAL PAYING AGENT

 

The Bank of New York

Global Finance Americas

101 Barclay St, 4E

New York, NY 10286

 

LEGAL ADVISORS TO THE BANK

 

as to Korean law   as to U.S. law
Shin & Kim   Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP

Ace Tower, 4th Floor

1-170, Soonhwa-dong, Chung-ku

Seoul 100-712

Korea

 

39th Floor

Bank of China Tower

One Garden Road

Hong Kong

 

LEGAL ADVISOR TO THE UNDERWRITERS

 

as to U.S. law

 

Davis Polk & Wardwell

18th Floor

The Hong Kong Club Building

3A Chater Road

Hong Kong

 

AUDITOR OF THE BANK

 

Deloitte Anjin LLC

14F, Hanwha Securities Bldg.

23-5 Youido-dong

Youngdeungpo-ku, Seoul

Korea

 

SINGAPORE LISTING AGENT

 

Allen & Overy Shook Lin & Bok

1 Robinson Road

#18-00 AIA Tower

Singapore 048542


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