Note 14. Segment Data

We are organized and managed primarily on a geographic basis, with Right Management currently operating as a separate global business unit. Each country and business unit generally have their own distinct operations and management team, providing services under our global brands, and maintains its own financial reports. We have an executive sponsor for each global brand who is responsible for ensuring the integrity and consistency of delivery locally. We develop and implement global workforce solutions for our clients that deliver the outcomes that help them achieve their business strategy. Each operation reports directly or indirectly through a regional manager to a member of executive management. Given this reporting structure, all of our operations have been segregated into the following reporting segments: Americas, which includes United States and Other Americas; Southern Europe, which includes France, Italy and Other Southern Europe; Northern Europe; APME; and Right Management.

The Americas, Southern Europe, Northern Europe and APME segments derive a significant majority of their revenues from the placement of contingent workers. The remaining revenues within these segments are derived from other workforce solutions and services, including recruitment and assessment, training and development, and ManpowerGroup Solutions. ManpowerGroup Solutions includes Talent Based Outsourcing (TBO), TAPFIN — Managed Service Provider (MSP) and Recruitment Process Outsourcing (RPO). The Right Management segment revenues are derived from career management and workforce consulting services. Segment revenues represent sales to external clients. Due to the nature of our business, we generally do not have export sales. We provide services to a wide variety of clients, none of which individually comprise a significant portion of revenues for us as a whole.

The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies. We evaluate performance based on operating unit profit, which is equal to segment revenues less direct costs and branch and national headquarters operating costs. This profit measure does not include goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges or amortization of intangible assets related to acquisitions, interest and other income and expense amounts or income taxes.

Total assets for the segments are reported after the elimination of investments in subsidiaries and intercompany accounts.


Year Ended December 31	2014			2013			2012
Revenues from Services^(a)
Americas:
United States^(b)	$	3,086.4		$	2,967.0		$	3,010.5
Other Americas		1,497.3			1,543.2			1,585.4
		4,583.7			4,510.2			4,595.9
Southern Europe:
France		5,351.6			5,284.9			5,425.6
Italy		1,178.8			1,087.6			1,056.8
Other Southern Europe		979.3			864.5			768.5
		7,509.7			7,237.0			7,250.9
Northern Europe		6,048.1			5,738.8			5,773.9
APME		2,327.1			2,447.7			2,728.8
Right Management		294.2			316.8			328.5
	$	20,762.8		$	20,250.5		$	20,678.0
Operating Unit Profit
Americas:
United States	$	125.4		$	99.8		$	60.8
Other Americas		56.2			43.9			50.6
		181.6			143.7			111.4
Southern Europe:
France		275.5			198.9			129.6
Italy		64.2			53.8			45.4
Other Southern Europe		22.0			11.9			10.1
		361.7			264.6			185.1
Northern Europe		198.1			139.7			159.8
APME		84.2			70.8			90.7
Right Management		33.5			20.4			13.4
		859.1			639.2			560.4
Corporate expenses		(105.8	)		(93.2	)		(112.0	)
Intangible asset amortization expense^(c)		(33.4	)		(34.1	)		(36.7	)
Interest and other expenses		(38.3	)		(36.4	)		(43.3	)
Earnings before income taxes	$	681.6		$	475.5		$	368.4

(a) Further breakdown of revenues from services by geographical region is as follows:


Revenues from Services		2014		2013		2012
United States	$	3,190.6	$	3,080.8	$	3,132.0
France		5,378.6		5,313.6		5,448.3
Italy		1,183.4		1,093.0		1,061.6
United Kingdom		2,168.6		1,884.5		1,898.1
Total Foreign		17,572.2		17,169.7		17,546.0

(b)	The United States revenues above represent revenues from our company-owned branches and franchise fees received from our franchise operations, which were $16.1, $15.2 and $14.6 for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

(c)	Intangible asset amortization related to acquisitions is excluded from operating costs within the reportable segments and corporate expenses, and shown separately.


Year Ended December 31	2014		2013		2012
Depreciation and Amortization Expense
Americas:
United States	$	9.4	$	12.3	$	13.4
Other Americas		4.1		4.5		4.2
		13.5		16.8		17.6
Southern Europe:
France		13.0		14.1		13.1
Italy		2.4		2.6		2.7
Other Southern Europe		2.2		2.2		2.4
		17.6		18.9		18.2
Northern Europe		11.2		14.0		15.8
APME		4.4		4.8		4.9
Right Management		3.6		4.3		5.1
Corporate expenses		0.1		1.4		2.2
Amortization of intangible assets^(a)		33.4		34.1		36.7
	$	83.8	$	94.3	$	100.5
Earnings from Equity Investments
Americas:
United States	$	—	$	—	$	—
Other Americas		—		—		—
		—		—		—
Southern Europe:
France		0.4		0.3		—
Italy		—		—		—
Other Southern Europe		—		—		—
		0.4		0.3		—
Northern Europe		2.6		6.9		2.5
APME		—		—		—
Right Management		—		—		—
	$	3.0	$	7.2	$	2.5

(a)	Intangible asset amortization related to acquisitions is excluded from operating costs within the reportable segments and corporate expenses, and shown separately.


Year Ended December 31	2014		2013		2012
Total Assets
Americas:
United States	$	1,532.7	$	1,476.3	$	1,511.0
Other Americas		284.1		266.9		317.5
		1,816.8		1,743.2		1,828.5
Southern Europe:
France		1,922.7		1,950.3		1,756.2
Italy		230.0		218.3		301.2
Other Southern Europe		218.4		209.1		187.8
		2,371.1		2,377.7		2,245.2
Northern Europe		1,862.6		1,951.8		1,732.5
APME		501.4		466.7		491.7
Right Management		139.1		134.4		95.4
Corporate^(a)		491.5		614.5		619.3
	$	7,182.5	$	7,288.3	$	7,012.6
Equity Investments
Americas:
United States	$	—	$	3.0	$	3.0
Other Americas		—		—		—
		—		3.0		3.0
Southern Europe:
France		0.7		0.4		0.1
Italy		0.2		—		—
Other Southern Europe		—		—		—
		0.9		0.4		0.1
Northern Europe		131.1		136.5		81.5
APME		0.3		0.3		0.7
Right Management		—		—		—
	$	132.3	$	140.2	$	85.3

(a)	Corporate assets include assets that were not used in the operations of any segment, the most significant of which were purchased intangibles and cash.


Year Ended December 31	2014		2013		2012
Long-Lived Assets^(a)
Americas:
United States	$	25.4	$	25.8	$	32.8
Other Americas		8.3		10.4		11.2
		33.7		36.2		44.0
Southern Europe:
France		44.6		56.3		59.4
Italy		4.7		6.5		7.0
Other Southern Europe		11.1		10.3		8.6
		60.4		73.1		75.0
Northern Europe		29.0		30.6		40.4
APME		20.6		19.2		22.4
Right Management		10.6		11.3		12.4
Corporate		0.1		0.2		1.2
	$	154.4	$	170.6	$	195.4
Additions to Long-Lived Assets
Americas:
United States	$	9.1	$	6.0	$	11.6
Other Americas		3.9		4.8		5.0
		13.0		10.8		16.6
Southern Europe:
France		7.8		10.7		25.6
Italy		1.3		1.9		1.8
Other Southern Europe		4.8		3.7		2.2
		13.9		16.3		29.6
Northern Europe		13.6		8.8		12.8
APME		7.9		4.3		5.6
Right Management		3.6		4.5		7.4
	$	52.0	$	44.7	$	72.0

(a) Further breakdown of long-lived assets by geographical region was as follows:


Long-Lived Assets		2014		2013		2012
United States	$	30.2	$	30.6	$	39.7
France		46.0		57.8		61.0
Italy		4.7		6.5		7.1
United Kingdom		10.3		7.4		11.0
Total Foreign		124.2		140.0		155.7