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Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair value measurement of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
The following tables disclose the fair value measurement of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
  
  Fair Value Measurements
At the End of the Reporting Period Using
(Dollars in thousands)
Fair Value
December 31, 2022
Quoted Prices
in Active  Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Debt securities, available-for-sale
U.S. government and federal agency$444,727 — 444,727 — 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises287,364 — 287,364 — 
State and local governments132,993 — 132,993 — 
Corporate bonds26,109 — 26,109 — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities3,267,341 — 3,267,341 — 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities1,148,773 — 1,148,773 — 
Loans held for sale, at fair value12,314 — 12,314 — 
Interest rate caps7,757 — 7,757 — 
Interest rate locks362 — 362 — 
Total assets measured at fair value
  on a recurring basis
$5,327,740 — 5,327,740 — 
TBA hedge$188 — 188 — 
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$188 — 188 — 
 
  Fair Value Measurements
At the End of the Reporting Period Using
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value December 31, 2021Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Debt securities, available-for-sale
U.S. government and federal agency$1,346,749 — 1,346,749 — 
U.S. government sponsored enterprises240,693 — 240,693 — 
State and local governments488,858 — 488,858 — 
Corporate bonds180,752 — 180,752 — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities5,699,659 — 5,699,659 — 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities1,214,138 — 1,214,138 — 
Loans held for sale, at fair value60,797 — 60,797 — 
Interest rate caps934 — 934 — 
Interest rate locks3,008 — 3,008 — 
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$9,235,588 — 9,235,588 — 
TBA hedge$80 — 80 — 
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
$80 — 80 — 
Fair value measurement of assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
The following tables disclose the fair value measurement of assets with a recorded change during the period resulting from re-measuring the assets at fair value on a non-recurring basis:
  Fair Value Measurements
At the End of the Reporting Period Using
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value December 31, 2022Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Collateral-dependent impaired loans, net of ACL1,360 — — 1,360 
Total assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
$1,360 — — 1,360 

  Fair Value Measurements
At the End of the Reporting Period Using
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value December 31, 2021Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Collateral-dependent impaired loans, net of ACL22,036 — — 22,036 
Total assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
$22,036 — — 22,036 
Quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which Level 3 inputs were used
The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:

 Fair ValueQuantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars in thousands)December 31,
2022
Valuation TechniqueUnobservable Input
Range (Weighted- Average) 1
Collateral-dependent
impaired loans, net of ACL
$1,329 Cost approachSelling costs
10.0% - 10.0% (10.0%)
31 Sales comparison approachSelling costs
10.0% - 10.0% (10.0%)
$1,360 

 Fair ValueQuantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
(Dollars in thousands)December 31,
2021
Valuation TechniqueUnobservable Input
Range (Weighted- Average) 1
Collateral-dependent impaired loans, net of ACL$20,934 Cost approachSelling costs
10.0% - 10.0% (10.0%)
1,102 Sales comparison approachSelling Costs
5.0% - 10.0% (6.7%)
Adjustment to comparables
0.0% - 10.0% (6.0%)
$22,036 
______________________________
1 The range for selling cost inputs represents reductions to the fair value of the assets.
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments
The following tables present the carrying amounts, estimated fair values and the level within the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s financial instruments not carried at fair value. Receivables and payables due in one year or less, equity securities without readily determinable fair values and deposits with no defined or contractual maturities are excluded. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques during the period ended December 31, 2022.

Cash and cash equivalents: fair value is estimated at book value.

Debt securities, held-to-maturity: fair value for held-to-maturity debt securities is estimated in the same manner as available-for sale debt securities, which is described above.

Loans receivable, net of ACL: The loans were fair valued on an individual basis, with consideration given to the loans' underlying characteristics, including account types, remaining terms and balance, interest rates, past delinquencies, current market rates, etc. The model utilizes a discounted cash flow approach to estimate the fair value of the loans using various assumptions such as prepayment speeds, projected default probabilities, losses given defaults, etc. The discounted cash flow approach models the credit losses directly in the projected cash flows. The model applies various assumptions regarding credit, interest, and prepayment risks for the loans based on loan types, payment types and fixed or variable classifications.

Term Deposits: fair value of term deposits is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using rates of similar deposits with similar maturities. The market rates used were obtained from an independent third party based on current rates offered by the Company’s regional competitors.

Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds: fair value of term repurchase agreements and other term borrowings is estimated based on current repurchase rates and borrowing rates currently available to the Company for repurchases and borrowings with similar terms and maturities. The estimated fair value for overnight repurchase agreements and other borrowings is book value.

Subordinated debentures: fair value of the subordinated debt is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using current estimated market rates obtained from an independent third party.

Off-balance sheet financial instruments: unused lines of credit and letters of credit represent the principal categories of off-balance sheet financial instruments. The fair value of commitments is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The fair value of unused lines of credit and letters of credit is not material; therefore, such commitments are not included in the following tables.
  Fair Value Measurements
At the End of the Reporting Period Using
(Dollars in thousands)Carrying Amount December 31, 2022Quoted Prices
in Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents$401,995 401,995 — — 
Debt securities, held-to-maturity3,715,052 — 3,274,792 — 
Loans receivable, net of ACL15,064,529 — — 14,806,354 
Total financial assets$19,181,576 401,995 3,274,792 14,806,354 
Financial liabilities
Term deposits$880,589 — 874,850 — 
FHLB advances1,800,000 — 1,799,936 — 
Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds
1,023,209 — 1,023,209 — 
Subordinated debentures132,782 — 122,549 — 
Total financial liabilities$3,836,580 — 3,820,544 — 
  Fair Value Measurements
At the End of the Reporting Period Using
(Dollars in thousands)Carrying Amount December 31, 2021Quoted Prices
in Active  Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents$437,686 437,686 — — 
Debt securities, held-to-maturity1,199,164 — 1,220,883 — 
Loans receivable, net of ACL13,259,366 — — 13,422,898 
Total financial assets$14,896,216 437,686 1,220,883 13,422,898 
Financial liabilities
Term deposits$1,036,077 — 1,040,100 — 
Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds
1,064,888 — 1,064,888 — 
Subordinated debentures132,620 — 131,513 — 
Total financial liabilities$2,233,585 — 2,236,501 —