Stockholders’ Equity

12 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2013

Stockholders’ Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders’ Equity

13.  Stockholders’ Equity

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company has an employee stock purchase plan (“ESPP”) that permits eligible employees to purchase the Company’s common stock at a 15% discount from the stock’s fair market value.  Participating employees may purchase shares of common stock each year up to the lesser of 10% of their base compensation or $25 thousand in the stock’s fair market value.  At August 31, 2013, 0.9 million shares were available for grant under the ESPP.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Sonic Corp. 2006 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”) provides flexibility to award various forms of equity compensation, such as stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, restricted stock and other share-based awards.  At August 31, 2013, 1.7 million shares were available for grant under the 2006 Plan.  The Company grants stock options with contractual terms of seven to ten years and a vesting period of three years and RSUs also with a vesting period of three years.  Effective in January 2013, awards granted to the Company’s Board of Directors vest over one year.  The Company’s policy is to issue shares from treasury stock to satisfy stock option exercises, the vesting of RSUs and shares issued under the ESPP.

Total stock-based compensation cost recognized for fiscal years 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $3.6 million, $4.3 million and $5.6 million, respectively, with related income tax benefits of $1.2 million, $1.2 million and $1.3 million, respectively.  At August 31, 2013, total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-based arrangements was $4.6 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years.

The Company measures the compensation cost associated with stock option-based payments by estimating the fair value of stock options as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.  The Company believes the valuation technique and approach utilized to develop the underlying assumptions are appropriate in calculating the fair values of the Company’s stock options granted during 2013, 2012 and 2011.  Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by the employees who receive equity awards.  The fair value of RSUs granted is equal to the Company’s closing stock price on the date of the grant.

The per share weighted average fair value of stock options granted during 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $4.69,  $2.88 and $4.63, respectively.  In addition to the exercise and grant date prices of the awards, certain weighted average assumptions that were used to estimate the fair value of stock option grants in the respective periods are listed in the table below:

	2013		2012		2011
Expected term (years)	4.9		4.9		4.7
Expected volatility	48	%	48	%	46	%
Risk-free interest rate	0.8	%	0.8	%	2.0	%
Expected dividend yield	-	%	-	%	-	%

The Company estimates expected volatility based on historical daily price changes of the Company’s common stock for a period equal to the current expected term of the options.  The risk-free interest rate is based on the United States treasury yields in effect at the time of grant corresponding with the expected term of the options.  The expected option term is the number of years the Company estimates that options will be outstanding prior to exercise considering vesting schedules and historical exercise patterns. 

Stock Options

A summary of stock option activity under the Company’s stock-based compensation plans for the year ended August 31, 2013, is presented in the following table:

	Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Yrs.)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding September 1, 2012	7,258	$	12.41
Granted	729		11.28
Exercised	(1,527)		10.71
Forfeited or expired	(898)		15.42
Outstanding at August 31, 2013	5,562	$	12.25	3.29	$	26,239
Exercisable at August 31, 2013	4,138	$	13.22	2.43	$	16,936

Proceeds from the exercise of stock options for fiscal years 2013, 2012 and 2011 were $16.3 million, $0.3 million and $2.1 million, respectively.  The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended August 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $3.8 million, $0.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units

A summary of the Company’s RSU activity during the year ended August 31, 2013 is presented in the following table:

	Restricted Stock Units		Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding September 1, 2012	119	$	8.31
Granted	32		11.26
Vested	(80)		8.57
Outstanding at August 31, 2013	71	$	9.36

The aggregate fair value of restricted stock that vested during the years ended August 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $0.9 million, $0.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

Share Repurchase Programs

On October 13, 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a $30 million share repurchase program.  Under that program, the Company was authorized to purchase up to $30 million of its outstanding shares of common stock through August 31, 2012.  During fiscal year 2012, the Company completed this share repurchase program. 

On August 15, 2012, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing the Company to purchase up to $40 million of its outstanding shares of common stock.  In January 2013, the Board of Directors increased the repurchase program to $55 million in authorized purchases through August 31, 2013.  During fiscal year 2013, approximately 3.3 million shares were acquired pursuant to this program for a total cost of $35.5 million; this is in addition to the approximately 0.1 million shares that were acquired for a total cost of $1.1 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2012.  In August 2013, the Board of Directors extended the share repurchase program through August 31, 2014, with a total authorization of up to $40.0 million, which was available as of August 31, 2013.  Share repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market or in negotiated transactions, depending on share price, market conditions and other factors.  The stock repurchase program may be extended, modified, suspended or discontinued at any time.  Subsequent to the end of fiscal year 2013, the Company purchased approximately250 thousand shares under this program for a cost of $4.5 million.