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1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Principles of Consolidation and Operations

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Precision Optics Corporation, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (the “Company”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company, without audit, and reflect normal recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results of the second quarter and six months of the Company’s fiscal year 2019. These consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures associated with annual consolidated financial statements and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction with footnotes contained in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended June 30, 2018, together with the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm filed under cover of the Company’s 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 27, 2018.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Revenue Recognition

On July 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606) using the modified retrospective method for contracts that were not completed as of July 1, 2018, whereby revenues are recognized as the performance obligations to deliver products or services are satisfied and are recorded based on the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for satisfying the performance obligations. Most of the Company’s products and services are marketed to medical device companies almost exclusively in the United States. Products and services are primarily transferred to customers at a point in time based upon when services are performed or product is shipped.

Revenues represent the amount of consideration we expect to receive from customers in exchange for transferring products and services. Other selling costs to obtain and fulfill contracts are expensed as incurred due to the short-term nature of a majority of our revenues. The Company extends terms of payment to its customers based on commercially reasonable terms for the markets of its customers, while also considering their credit quality. Shipping and handling costs charged to customers are included in revenues.

The Company disaggregates revenues by product and service types as it believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Engineering Design Services	$	318,741	$	342,855	$	830,639	$	762,779
Optical Components		225,967		225,595		524,024		669,186
Medical Device Products and Assemblies		933,143		244,323		1,682,646		409,554
Total Revenues	$	1,477,851	$	812,773	$	3,037,309	$	1,841,519

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The nature of the Company’s products and services does not generally give rise to contract assets as it typically does not incur costs to fulfill a contract before a product or service is provided to a customer. The Company’s costs to obtain contracts are typically in the form of sales commissions paid to employees. The Company has elected to expense sales commissions associated with obtaining a contract as incurred as the amortization period is generally less than one year. These costs have been recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses. As of December 31, 2018, there were no contract assets recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s contract liabilities arise as a result of unearned revenue received from customers at inception of contracts or where the timing of billing for services precedes satisfaction of the Company’s performance obligations. The Company generally satisfies performance obligations within one year from the contract inception date. As of July 1, 2018, contract liabilities were $857,842, which were recorded as customer advances in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets, $192,722 and $674,360 of which was recognized in sales during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2018, contract liabilities recorded as customer advances were $294,650.

Income (Loss) per Share

Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income or net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income or net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, plus the number of potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period such as stock options and warrants. For the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the effect of such securities was antidilutive and not included in the diluted calculation because of the net loss generated in these periods.

The following is the calculation of loss per share for the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017:

	Three Months Ended December 31,						Six Months Ended December 31,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net Income (Loss) - Basic and Diluted	$	(125,948	)	$	(60,326	)	$	(425,233	)	$	(89,111	)

Basic and Dilutive Weighted Average Shares Outstanding		11,618,878			9,979,197			10,940,074			9,543,810

Loss Per Share - Basic and Diluted	$	(0.01	)	$	(0.01	)	$	(0.04	)	$	(0.01	)

The number of shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants that were excluded from the computation as their effect was antidilutive was approximately 1,493,200 and 1,708,867 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and approximately 1,493,200 and 4,732,960 for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

In assessing the likelihood of utilization of existing deferred tax assets, management has considered historical results of operations and the current operating environment. Based on this evaluation, a full valuation reserve has been provided for the deferred tax assets.

- Definition

Disclosure of accounting policy for income taxes, which may include its accounting policies for recognizing and measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances, recognizing investment tax credits, operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards, and other carryforwards, methodologies for determining its effective income tax rate and the characterization of interest and penalties in the financial statements.

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