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Note 8 - Financial Instruments
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]
8.
Financial Instruments
 
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized into
one
of
three
different levels depending on the observability of the inputs employed in the measurement. The
three
levels are defined as follows:
 
 
Level
1
– inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
 
Level
2
- inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.
 
Level
3
- inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.
 
A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. The Company is further required to assess the creditworthiness of the counter-party to the derivative contract. The results of the assessment of non-performance risk, based on the counter-party’s credit risk, could result in an adjustment of the carrying value of the derivative instrument. The following tables sets forth information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
June 30, 2018
and
December 
31,
2017,
and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company to determine such fair value (in thousands):
 
 
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
   
Balance as of
June 30, 2018
 
Assets:
                               
NYMEX fixed price derivative contracts
  $
-
    $
-
    $
-
    $
-
 
Total Assets
  $
-
    $
-
    $
-
    $
-
 
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
NYMEX fixed price derivative contracts
  $
-
    $
32,329
    $
-
    $
32,329
 
Total Liabilities
  $
-
    $
32,329
    $
-
    $
32,329
 
 
 
   
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   
Significant Other Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
   
Significant Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
   
Balance as of
December 31, 2017
 
Assets:
                               
NYMEX fixed price derivative contracts
  $
-
    $
-
    $
-
    $
-
 
Total Assets
  $
-
    $
-
    $
-
    $
-
 
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
NYMEX fixed price derivative contracts
  $
-
    $
13,208
    $
-
    $
13,208
 
NYMEX basis differential swap    
-
     
-
     
16
     
16
 
Total Liabilities
  $
-
    $
13,208
    $
16
    $
13,224
 
 
The Company’s derivative contracts consisted of NYMEX-based fixed price swaps as of
June 30, 2018,
and NYMEX-based fixed price swaps and a basis differential swap as of
December 31, 2017.
Under fixed price swaps, the Company receives a fixed price for its production and pays a variable market price to the contract counter-party. Under a basis differential swap, if the market price is above the fixed price the Company pays the counter-party, if the market price is below the fixed price, the counter-party pays the Company. The NYMEX-based fixed price derivative swaps and basis swaps contracts are indexed to NYMEX futures contracts, which are actively traded, for the underlying commodity and are commonly used in the energy industry. A number of financial institutions and large energy companies act as counter-parties to these type of derivative contracts. As the fair value of NYMEX-based fixed price swaps are based on a number of inputs, including contractual volumes and prices stated in each derivative contract, current and future NYMEX commodity prices, and quantitative models that are based upon readily observable market parameters that are actively quoted and can be validated through external sources, we have characterized these derivative contracts as Level
2.
In order to verify the
third
party valuation, the Company enters the various inputs into a model and compares our results to the
third
party for reasonableness. The fair value of the collar and basis differential swap instruments are based on inputs that are
not
as observable as the fixed price swaps. In addition to the actively quoted market price, variables such as time value, volatility and other unobservable inputs are used. Accordingly, these instruments have been classified as Level
3.
 
The following is additional information for the Company's recurring fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level
3
inputs) for the
six
months ended
June 30, 2018.
 
Unobservable inputs at January 1, 2018
  $
(16
)
Changes in market value
   
 
Settlements during the period
   
16
 
Unobservable inputs at June 30, 2018
  $
 
 
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
 
The Company follows the provisions of ASC
820
-
10
for nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. As it relates to the Company, ASC
820
-
10
applies to certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities as
may
be acquired in a business combination and thereby measured at fair value and the initial recognition of asset retirement obligations for which fair value is used.
 
The asset retirement obligation estimates are derived from historical costs as well as management’s expectation of future cost environments. As there is
no
corroborating market activity to support the assumptions used, the Company has designated these liabilities as Level
3.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the Company’s future site restoration obligations is presented in Note
1.
 
Other Financial Instruments
 
The carrying amounts of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short-term maturities and/or liquid nature of these assets and liabilities. The carrying value of our debt approximates fair value as the interest rates are market rates and this debt is considered Level
2.