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Income Taxes (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Income before Income Taxes
The components of income (loss) before income taxes are as follows (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
U.S.
$
(64,810
)
 
$
(27,926
)
 
$
8,254

Foreign
65,931

 
40,056

 
30,394

Total income before income taxes
$
1,121

 
$
12,130

 
$
38,648
Provision for (Benefit from) Income Taxes
The provision for (benefit from) income taxes is summarized as follows (in thousands): 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Current:
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Federal
$
(376
)
 
$
6,897

 
$
(7,593
)
State
(9
)
 
(2,926
)
 
662

Foreign
13,858

 
14,751

 
11,721

Total current
13,473

 
18,722

 
4,790

Deferred:
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Federal
(1,671
)
 
15,304

 
(4,276
)
State
(1,259
)
 
732

 
(567
)
Foreign
(8,451
)
 
(7,283
)
 
(6,248
)
Total deferred
(11,381
)
 
8,753

 
(11,091
)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
$
2,092

 
$
27,475

 
$
(6,301
)
Reconciliation Between Income Tax Provision (Benefit) Computed at Federal Statutory Rate and Actual Tax Provision (Benefit)
The reconciliation of the income tax provision (benefit) computed at the federal statutory rate to the actual tax provision (benefit) is as follows (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31,
Rate Reconciliation
2018
 
2017
 
2016
Tax provision at federal statutory rate
$
235

 
21.0
 %
 
$
4,246

 
35.0
 %
 
$
13,527

 
35.0
 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
(1,002
)
 
(89.4
)%
 
(1,426
)
 
(11.8
)%
 
62

 
0.2
 %
Research and development credits
(1,511
)
 
(134.8
)%
 
(1,508
)
 
(12.4
)%
 
(2,627
)
 
(6.8
)%
Effect of foreign operations
2,923

 
260.7
 %
 
(1,344
)
 
(11.1
)%
 
(3,320
)
 
(8.5
)%
Deemed repatriation transition tax
(831
)
 
(74.2
)%
 
16,976

 
139.8
 %
 
—

 
—
 %
Provision for remeasuring deferred tax balances
(343
)
 
(30.6
)%
 
10,450

 
86.1
 %
 
—

 
—
 %
Reduction in accrual for estimated potential tax assessments
(2,047
)
 
(182.5
)%
 
(1,676
)
 
(13.7
)%
 
(15,404
)
 
(39.9
)%
Non-deductible stock-based compensation
3,940

 
351.5
 %
 
1,249

 
10.3
 %
 
1,288

 
3.3
 %
Domestic manufacturing deduction
—

 
—
 %
 
—

 
—
 %
 
(831
)
 
(2.2
)%
Acquisition and integration costs
285

 
25.4
 %
 
168

 
1.4
 %
 
(103
)
 
(0.2
)%
Meals and entertainment
497

 
44.3
 %
 
500

 
4.1
 %
 
475

 
1.2
 %
Other
(54
)
 
(4.8
)%
 
(160
)
 
(1.3
)%
 
632

 
1.6
 %
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
$
2,092

 
186.6
 %
 
$
27,475

 
226.4
 %
 
$
(6,301
)
 
(16.3
)%
Tax Effects of Temporary Differences that Give Rise to Deferred Tax Assets (Liabilities)
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred tax assets (liabilities) are as follows (in thousands):
 
As of December 31,
Deferred Taxes
2018
 
2017
Tax credit carryforwards
$
67,346

 
$
62,096

Net operating loss carryforwards
10,823

 
9,066

Reserves and accruals not currently deductible for tax purposes
8,957

 
8,785

Stock-based compensation
6,004

 
3,432

Other
2,519

 
6,472

Gross deferred tax assets
95,649

 
89,851

Depreciation and amortization
(5,493
)
 
(11,075
)
Convertible Debt
(7,375
)
 
161

Gross deferred tax liabilities
(12,868
)
 
(10,914
)
Deferred tax valuation allowance
(47,102
)
 
(45,506
)
Net deferred tax assets
$
35,679

 
$
33,431
Reconciliation of Change in Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the change in the gross unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
Federal, State,
and Foreign
Tax
 
Accrued
Interest and
Penalties
 
Gross
Unrecognized
Income Tax
Benefits
Balance as of December 31, 2015
$
46,090

 
$
532

 
$
46,622

Additions for tax positions of prior years
1,826

 
234

 
2,060

Additions for tax positions related to 2016
3,925

 
—

 
3,925

Reductions due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations
(16,483
)
 
(230
)
 
(16,713
)
Balance as of December 31, 2016
$
35,358

 
$
536

 
$
35,894

Additions for tax positions of prior years
1,720

 
327

 
2,047

Additions for tax positions related to 2017
4,492

 
—

 
4,492

Reductions due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations
(4,065
)
 
(177
)
 
(4,242
)
Balance as of December 31, 2017
$
37,505

 
$
686

 
$
38,191

Reductions for tax positions of prior years
(1,027
)
 
390

 
(637
)
Additions for tax positions related to 2018
3,579

 
—

 
3,579

Reductions due to lapse of applicable statute of limitations
(4,454
)
 
(213
)
 
(4,667
)
Balance as of December 31, 2018
$
35,603

 
$
863

 
$
36,466