Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 8 – Income Taxes

Income tax expense consists of the following:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023			2022
Current:
U.S. Federal	$	525		$	97
State and local		66			171
Foreign		3,444			3,466
Deferred:		(1,010	)		(1,201	)
	$	3,025		$	2,533

Income tax expense differs from the amount computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to income before income taxes primarily due to the mix of taxable income by taxing jurisdiction, the impact of tax incentives and tax holidays in foreign locations, state income taxes (net of federal benefit) and the U.S. tax under the global intangible low-taxed income (GILTI) provisions. GILTI requires the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiaries tangible fixed assets. The taxable earnings can be offset by a limited deemed paid foreign tax credit with no carrybacks or carryforwards available. The Company accounts for the GILTI as a period cost and does not include it as a factor in the determination of deferred taxes.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $365.2 million in cumulative undistributed foreign earnings of its foreign subsidiaries. These earnings would not be subject to U.S. income tax if distributed to the Company. During 2018, the Company changed its assertion on its foreign subsidiaries earnings that are permanently reinvested. A certain amount of earnings from specific foreign subsidiaries are permanently reinvested, and certain foreign earnings from other specific foreign subsidiaries are considered to be non-permanently reinvested and are available for immediate distribution to the Company. Income taxes have been accrued on the non-permanently reinvested foreign earnings including any applicable local withholding taxes.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted in the United States in response to the COVID pandemic. The CARES Act among other things, permits net operating loss carryovers and carrybacks to offset 100% of taxable income for taxable years beginning before 2021, and contains modifications on the limitation of business interest. The Company has evaluated the impact of these provisions and has determined these provisions did not have any impact on the three months ended March 31, 2023. In addition, the CARES Act allowed for employee retention tax credits to be taken in U.S. payroll tax filings, and allowed for the deferral of the employer portion of social security taxes during the calendar year 2020 with 50% to be paid at the end of calendar years 2021 and 2022, respectively. The Company deferred the payment of the employer portion of social security taxes for the year ended December 31, 2020 until the end of 2021 and 2022, respectively. During December 2022 and 2021, the Company paid 100% of the social security taxes previously deferred and all employer deferrals have been paid. The Company has also determined it was entitled to employee retention credits and filed for the credits in the second quarter 2020 payroll tax reports pursuant to the guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service. The amount for the credits was recorded in operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020. The Company was not eligible for employee retention tax credits as of December 31, 2021. The Company has not received the retention credits from the Internal Revenue Service that it applied for during second quarter of 2020. The Internal Revenue Service has had some delays in processing the filings for the tax refunds.

The Company has been granted certain tax incentives, including tax holidays, for its subsidiaries in China and Thailand that will expire at various dates, unless extended or otherwise renegotiated, through 2023 in China and 2030 in Thailand, and are subject to certain conditions with which the Company expects to comply. We will be applying for an additional China tax holiday for future years from 2024 until 2026. The Malaysia tax incentive expired as of March 31, 2021, but the Company has applied for an extension of the Malaysia tax holiday which would extend the tax holiday for potentially 5 to 10 years. There is no guarantee that the Company will be granted the extension of the Malaysia tax holiday or the future China tax holiday. The net impact of these tax incentives was to lower foreign income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 by approximately $1.9 million (approximately $0.05 per diluted share) and $1.2 million (approximately $0.03 per diluted share), respectively, as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
China	$	182	$	116
Thailand		1,759		1,074
	$	1,941	$	1,190

As of March 31, 2023, the total amount of the reserve for uncertain tax benefits including interest and penalties was $9.5 million. The reserve is classified as a current or long-term liability in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets based on the Company’s expectation of when the items will be settled. The Company records interest expense and penalties accrued in relation to uncertain income tax benefits as a component of current income tax expense.

The Company and its subsidiaries in Brazil, China, Ireland, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands, Romania, Singapore, Thailand and the United States remain open to examination by the various local taxing authorities, in total or in part, for fiscal years 2016 to 2022. During such income tax examinations, disputes may occur as to matters of fact or law. Also, in most tax jurisdictions, the passage of time without examination will result in the expiration of applicable statutes of limitations thereby precluding examination of the tax period(s) for which such statute of limitation has expired. The Company believes that it has adequately provided for its tax liabilities.