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Principal subsidiaries - Principal in subsidiaries (Detail)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 16, 2022
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Oyu Tolgoi LLC      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture (%)   66.00%  
Proportion of indirect ownership interest in subsidiary     33.50%
Robe River      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   53.00%  
Other interest (voting %)   12.00%  
Proportion of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses (ownership %)   0.65  
Consrcio De Alumnio Do Maranho      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of ownership interest in joint venture (%)   10.00%  
Argyle Diamonds Limited | Class A      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Argyle Diamonds Limited | Class B      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Dampier Salt Limited | Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   68.36%  
Group interest (voting %)   68.36%  
Other interest (voting %)   31.64%  
Energy Resources of Australia Ltd | Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   86.33%  
Group interest (voting %)   86.33%  
Other interest (voting %)   13.67%  
Hamersley Iron Pty Limited | Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
North Mining Limited | Robe River      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   35.00%  
North Mining Limited | Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
North Mining Limited | Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Rio Tinto Aluminium (Holdings) Limited | Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   60.00%  
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd | Robe River      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   30.00%  
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd | Class A      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   40.00%  
Other interest (voting %)   26.39%  
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd | Class B      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   76.36%  
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd | Class A and Class B Shares      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   73.61%  
Rio Tinto do Brasil Ltda. | Quota      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Diavik Diamond Mines (2012) Inc. | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Iron Ore Company of Canada | Series A , E, And F Shares      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   58.72%  
Other interest (voting %)   41.28%  
Iron Ore Company of Canada | Series A      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   91.41%  
Iron Ore Company of Canada | Series E      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Iron Ore Company of Canada | Series F      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Rio Tinto Alcan Inc. | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Rio Tinto Fer et Titane Inc. | Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Rio Tinto Fer et Titane Inc. | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Rio Tinto Fer et Titane Inc. | Class B preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Simfer Jersey Limited | Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   53.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   53.00%  
Other interest (voting %)   47.00%  
QIT Madagascar Minerals SA      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   80.00%  
Other interest (voting %)   15.00%  
Portion of additional economic interest held through non voting investment   5.00%  
Portion of economic interest held through non voting investment   85.00%  
Proportion of voting rights held by non-controlling interests   20.00%  
QIT Madagascar Minerals SA | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   84.20%  
QIT Madagascar Minerals SA | Common Shares And Investment Certificates      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   79.98%  
Other interest (voting %)   20.02%  
QIT Madagascar Minerals SA | Investment certificates      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Oyu Tolgoi LLC      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %) 66.00%    
Oyu Tolgoi LLC | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   66.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   66.00%  
Other interest (voting %)   34.00%  
Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited | B Ordinary, B Preference, and Parent Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   73.97%  
Other interest (voting %)   26.03%  
Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited | B Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited | B Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Richards Bay Titanium (Proprietary) Limited | Parent Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited | B Ordinary, B Preference, and Parent Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   73.97%  
Other interest (voting %)   26.03%  
Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited | B Ordinary      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited | B Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Richards Bay Mining (Proprietary) Limited | Parent Preference      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Kennecott Holdings Corporation (including Kennecott Utah Copper and Kennecott Exploration) | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
U.S. Borax Inc. | Common      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Proportion of class held (%)   100.00%  
Group interest (voting %)   100.00%  
Simfer S.A.      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)   85.00%  
Proportion of indirect ownership interest in subsidiary   45.05%  
Turquoise Hill      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Percentage of voting equity interests acquired 49.00%    
Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)     50.79%
Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd | Oyu Tolgoi LLC      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Group interest (voting %)     66.00%