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STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2015
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
STOCK BASED COMPENSATION
At June 30, 2015, we had the following stock option and stock purchase plans:

the 2014 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in May 2014;
the 2011 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in May 2011;
the 2008 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in May 2008;
the 2005 Incentive Stock Plan, which our stockholders approved in April 2005;
the 2000 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, which expired in February 2010;
the 1997 Stock Option Plan, which expired in January 2007;
the 1996 Directors Stock Option Plan, which expired in May 2006; and
the Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP"), which our stockholders approved in May 2001.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense:
The following table presents the total stock-based compensation expense resulting from stock option awards, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), and the ESPP included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income:
In thousands
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Cost of revenues – stock option plan
 
$
22

 
$
21

 
$
45

 
$
28

Selling, general and administrative – stock option plan
 
4,650

 
3,818

 
9,379

 
7,859

Selling, general and administrative – RSUs
 
375

 
314

 
721

 
629

Selling, general and administrative – ESPP
 
370

 
299

 
759

 
608

Total pre-tax expense
 
$
5,417

 
$
4,452

 
$
10,904

 
$
9,124


The following table sets forth the tax benefits related to stock compensation:
In thousands
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Tax benefit recognized in Statement of Income
 
$
1,134

 
$
1,020

 
$
3,602

 
$
1,929

Excess tax benefit of stock options exercised
 
2,677

 
3,346

 
10,899

 
7,080



Stock Options:
Stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2015, is summarized as follows:
 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price per
Share
 
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
 
Total Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in years)
 
(in thousands)
Outstanding at beginning of year
 
5,377,857

 
$
80.88

 
 
 
 
Granted
 
935,276

 
130.97

 
 
 
 
Exercised
 
(583,441
)
 
67.31

 
 
 
 
Forfeited
 
(99,046
)
 
107.59

 
 
 
 
Canceled or expired
 
(1,228
)
 
107.03

 
 
 
 
Outstanding at June 30, 2015
 
5,629,418

 
$
90.15

 
6.07
 
$
246,741

Exercisable at June 30, 2015
 
3,035,083

 
$
72.39

 
5.17
 
$
186,748

Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2015
 
5,374,237

 
$
88.93

 
 
 
 

As of June 30, 2015, there was $43.5 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested option awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.26 years.
The following table sets forth the total intrinsic value of options exercised:
In thousands
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Total intrinsic value of options exercised
 
$
10,125

 
$
14,721

 
$
39,650

 
$
26,517


The total intrinsic value of options exercised represents the total pre-tax value (the difference between the sales price on that trading day the option was exercised and the exercise price associated with the respective option).
The Company uses historical data to estimate expected life and volatility. The estimated fair value of stock options at the time of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model was as follows:
 
 
Three Months Ended June 30,
 
Six Months Ended June 30,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Stock options granted (shares)
 
74,742

 
108,705

 
935,276

 
963,483

Weighted average fair value at grant date (per share)
 
$
22.18

 
$
21.40

 
$
22.80

 
$
21.30

Assumptions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected term (in years)
 
4.79

 
4.69

 
4.79

 
4.74

Expected volatility
 
15.98
%
 
17.52
%
 
16.58
%
 
17.60
%
Expected dividend yield
 
%
 
%
 
%
 
%
Risk free interest rate
 
1.43
%
 
1.53
%
 
1.44
%
 
1.49
%

Restricted Stock Units:
Restricted stock units ("RSUs") vest at the end of three or five years. Our 2008, 2011 and 2014 Plans include a share reserve related to RSUs granted at a 2-1 ratio. A summary of the status of our non-vested RSUs and changes during the six months ended June 30, 2015, are as follows:
 
 
Number of
Units
 
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
 
Total Aggregate Intrinsic Value
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Non-vested at beginning of year
 
63,600

 
$
96.04

 
 
Granted
 
10,124

 
130.19

 
 
Vested and released
 

 

 
 
Forfeited
 
(3,537
)
 
101.56

 
 
Non-vested at June 30, 2015
 
70,187

 
$
100.69

 
$
9,399


As of June 30, 2015, there was $4.6 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.67 years.