Note 7. Stockholders’ Equity

Equity Financings

Common Stock Purchase Agreement

On March 4, 2019, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), pursuant to which, upon the terms and subject to the conditions and limitations set forth therein, Lincoln Park has committed to purchase an aggregate of $35.0 million of shares of Company common stock from time to time at the Company’s sole discretion (the “Purchase Agreement”). As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 269,749 shares of Company common stock to Lincoln Park as a commitment fee (the “Commitment Shares”). The closing price of the Company’s common stock on March 4, 2019 was $2.84 and the Company did not receive any cash proceeds from the issuance of the Commitment Shares. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company sold 785,848 shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, resulting in net proceeds of $2.3 million.

"At-The-Market" Equity Program

In November 2018, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with JMP Securities LLC (“JMP”) pursuant to which the Company may issue and sell shares of its common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $50.0 million (the “Shares”) through JMP as its agent. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Agreement, JMP will use its commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares from time to time, based upon the Company’s instructions, by methods deemed to be an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or if specified by the Company, by any other method permitted by law, including but not limited to in negotiated transactions. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the Shares, and the Company or JMP may at any time suspend sales under the ATM Agreement or terminate the ATM Agreement. JMP is entitled to a fixed commission of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from Shares sold. During the nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company sold 532,700 Shares pursuant to the ATM Agreement resulting in net proceeds, after deduction of commissions and other offering expenses, of $1.6 million.

Common Stock Warrants

In connection with various financing transactions, the Company has issued warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company accounts for common stock warrants as equity instruments, derivative liabilities or liabilities, depending on the specific terms of the warrant agreement. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, all of the Company’s outstanding common stock warrants were equity-classified. The following table summarizes outstanding warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:


	Number of Shares
	September 30,	December 31,	Weighted-Average
Description	2019	2018	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
Issued in May 2013 financing (pre-funded)	1,977,041	1,977,041		$ 0.08	May 2020
Issued in September 2013 financing (pre-funded)	521,997	521,997		$ 0.08	Sep 2020
Issued in February 2014 financing (pre-funded)	266,006	269,844		$ 0.08	Feb 2021
Total	2,765,044	2,768,882

The table below is a summary of the Company's warrant activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2019:


	Number of	Weighted-Average
	Warrants	Exercise Price
Outstanding at December 31, 2018	2,768,882	$	0.08
Issued	—		—
Exercised	(3,838)		0.08
Expired	—		—
Outstanding at September 30, 2019	2,765,044	$	0.08