RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES

In the fourth quarters of 2016, 2015 and 2014, we approved plans to reduce our workforce in multiple locations as a result of cost containment actions, resulting in charges of $5 million, $9 million and $2 million in each of the respective years. In addition, we committed to a plan to divest our Ryder Canadian Retail Shippers Association Logistics (CRSAL) operations and shutdown our Ryder Container Terminals (RCT) business in Canada in the fourth quarter of 2015. We recognized charges for employee termination costs of $3 million and asset impairment of $2 million to adjust assets held for sale, including goodwill and intangible assets, to fair value less costs to sell in 2015. We sold CRSAL to a third party for approximately $2 million during 2016.

The following table summarizes the activities within, and components of, restructuring liabilities for 2016, 2015 and 2014 (in thousands):



	Employee Termination Costs			Other Charges		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2013	$	340		319		659
Workforce reduction charges	2,387			—		2,387
Utilization ⁽¹⁾	(241		)	(319	)	(560	)
Balance as of December 31, 2014	2,486			—		2,486
Workforce reduction charges	8,830			—		8,830
CRSAL divestiture and RCT shut-down	3,225			—		3,225
Utilization ⁽¹⁾	(2,208		)	—		(2,208	)
Balance as of December 31, 2015	12,333			—		12,333
Workforce reduction charges	5,074			—		5,074
Utilization ⁽¹⁾	(10,129		)	—		(10,129	)
Balance as of December 31, 2016 ⁽²⁾	$	7,278		—		7,278

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Note: The restructuring liabilities shown above are included in "Accrued expenses and other current liabilities" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(1) Principally represents cash payments.

(2) The majority of the balance remaining for employee termination costs is expected to be paid by the end of 2017.

As discussed in Note 27, “Segment Reporting,” our primary measure of segment financial performance excludes, among other items, restructuring and other charges, net. However, the applicable portion of the restructuring and other charges (recoveries), net that related to each segment in 2016, 2015 and 2014 were as follows:



	Years ended December 31,
	2016		2015	2014
	(In thousands)
Fleet Management Solutions	$	3,550	4,817	515
Dedicated Transportation Solutions	22		250	154
Supply Chain Solutions	278		7,033	797
Central Support Services	1,224		2,125	921
Total	$	5,074	14,225	2,387