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Note 17 - Fair Value
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Fair Value Measurement and Measurement Inputs, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Text Block]
Note
1
7
. Fair Value
 
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value
 
The following discussion describes the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such instruments under the valuation hierarchy.
 
Assets and Liabilities Reported at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
 
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
. Debt securities available for sale are reported at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of Level
1
securities is based on quoted market prices in active markets, if available. If quoted market prices are
not
available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are primarily derived from or corroborated by observable market data. Level
2
securities use fair value measurements from independent pricing services obtained by the Company. These fair value measurements consider observable data that
may
include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, the Treasury yield curve, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and bond terms and conditions. The Company’s Level
2
securities include U.S. Agency and Treasury securities, municipal securities, and mortgage-backed securities. Securities are based on Level
3
inputs when there is limited activity or less transparency to the valuation inputs. In the absence of observable or corroborated market data, internally developed estimates that incorporate market-based assumptions are used when such information is available.
 
Fair value models
may
be required when trading activity has declined significantly or does
not
exist, prices are
not
current, or pricing variations are significant. For Level
3
securities, the Company obtains the cash flow of specific securities from
third
parties that use modeling software to determine cash flows based on market participant data and knowledge of the structures of each individual security. The fair values of Level
3
securities are determined by applying proper market observable discount rates to the cash flow derived from
third
-party models. Discount rates are developed by determining credit spreads above a benchmark rate, such as LIBOR, and adding premiums for illiquidity, which are based on a comparison of initial issuance spread to LIBOR versus a financial sector curve for recently issued debt to LIBOR. Securities with increased uncertainty about the receipt of cash flows are discounted at higher rates due to the addition of a deal specific credit premium based on assumptions about the performance of the underlying collateral. Finally, internal fair value model pricing and external pricing observations are combined by assigning weights to each pricing observation. Pricing is reviewed for reasonableness based on the direction of specific markets and the general economic indicators.
 
Equity Securities.
Equity securities are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company uses Level
1
inputs to value equity securities that are traded in active markets. Equity securities that are
not
actively traded are classified in Level
2.
 
Loans Held for Investment
. Loans held for investment are reported at fair value using the exit price notion, which is derived from
third
-party models. Loans related to fair value hedges are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.
 
Deferred Compensation Assets and Liabilities
. Securities held for trading purposes are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis and included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. These securities include assets related to employee deferred compensation plans, which are generally invested in Level
1
equity securities. The liability associated with these deferred compensation plans is carried at the fair value of the obligation to the employee, which corresponds to the fair value of the invested assets.
 
Derivative Assets and Liabilities
. Derivatives are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company obtains dealer quotes, Level
2
inputs, based on observable data to value derivatives.
 
The following tables summarize financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, by the level of valuation inputs in the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated:
 
   
December 31, 2019
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Available-for-sale debt securities
                               
U.S. Agency securities
  $
5,034
    $
-
    $
5,034
    $
-
 
Municipal securities
   
86,878
     
-
     
86,878
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed Agency securities
   
77,662
     
-
     
77,662
     
-
 
Total available-for-sale debt securities
   
169,574
     
-
     
169,574
     
-
 
Equity securities
   
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Fair value loans
   
10,358
     
-
     
-
     
10,358
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
3,990
     
3,990
     
-
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
3,990
     
3,990
     
-
     
-
 
Derivative liabilities
   
510
     
-
     
510
     
-
 
 
   
December 31, 2018
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Available-for-sale debt securities
                               
U.S. Agency securities
  $
1,113
    $
-
    $
1,113
    $
-
 
U.S. Treasury securities
   
19,960
     
-
     
19,960
     
-
 
Municipal securities
   
97,289
     
-
     
97,289
     
-
 
Mortgage-backed Agency securities
   
34,754
     
-
     
34,754
     
-
 
Total available-for-sale debt securities
   
153,116
     
-
     
153,116
     
-
 
Equity securities
   
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Fair value loans
   
5,412
     
-
     
-
     
5,412
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
3,527
     
3,527
     
-
     
-
 
Derivative assets
   
12
     
-
     
12
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
3,527
     
3,527
     
-
     
-
 
 
Changes in Level
3
Fair Value Measurements
 
The following table presents the changes in Level
3
assets recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the period indicated:
 
   
Assets
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
 
Balance January 1, 2018
  $
-
 
Transfer of certain loans into Level 3
   
5,739
 
Changes in fair value
   
1
 
Changes due to principal reduction
   
(328
)
Balance December 31, 2018
  $
5,412
 
         
Balance January 1, 2019
  $
5,412
 
Transfer of certain loans into Level 3 (Highlands acquisition)
   
5,439
 
Changes in fair value
   
(230
)
Changes due to principal reduction
   
(263
)
Balance December 31, 2019
  $
10,358
 
 
In according with the adoption of ASU
2016
-
01,
the Company began measuring the fair value of loans held for investment using an exit price notion in
2018.
Prior to
2018,
loans held for investment were reported at fair value using discounted future cash flows that apply current interest rates for loans with similar terms and borrower credit quality. As a result of using the exit price, certain loans were transferred from Level
2
into Level
3
of the fair value hierarchy during the year ended
December 31, 2018.
No
transfers into or out of Level
3
of the fair value hierarchy occurred during the year ended
December 31, 2018.
 
Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
 
Impaired Loans
. Impaired loans are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when repayment is expected solely from the sale of the loan’s collateral. Fair value is based on appraised value adjusted for customized discounting criteria, Level
3
inputs.
 
The Company maintains an active and robust problem credit identification system. The impairment review includes obtaining
third
-party collateral valuations to help management identify potential credit impairment and determine the amount of impairment to record. The Company’s Special Assets staff manages and monitors all impaired loans. Internal collateral valuations are generally performed within
two
to
four
weeks of identifying the initial potential impairment. The internal valuation compares the original appraisal to current local real estate market conditions and considers experience and expected liquidation costs. The Company typically receives a
third
-party valuation within
thirty
to
forty-five
days of completing the internal valuation. When a
third
-party valuation is received, it is reviewed for reasonableness. Once the valuation is reviewed and accepted, discounts are applied to fair market value, based on, but
not
limited to, our historical liquidation experience for like collateral, resulting in an estimated net realizable value. The estimated net realizable value is compared to the outstanding loan balance to determine the appropriate amount of specific impairment reserve.
 
Specific reserves are generally recorded for impaired loans while
third
-party valuations are in process and for impaired loans that continue to make some form of payment. While waiting to receive the
third
-party appraisal, the Company regularly reviews the relationship to identify any potential adverse developments and begins the tasks necessary to gain control of the collateral and prepare it for liquidation, including, but
not
limited to, engagement of counsel, inspection of collateral, and continued communication with the borrower. Generally, the only difference between the current appraised value, less liquidation costs, and the carrying amount of the loan, less the specific reserve, is any downward adjustment to the appraised value that the Company deems appropriate, such as the costs to sell the property. Impaired loans that do
not
meet certain criteria and do
not
have a specific reserve have typically been written down through partial charge-offs to net realizable value. Based on prior experience, the Company rarely returns loans to performing status after they have been partially charged off. Credits identified as impaired move quickly through the process towards ultimate resolution, except in cases involving bankruptcy and various state judicial processes that
may
extend the time for ultimate resolution.
 
OREO
. OREO is recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using Level
3
inputs. The Company calculates the fair value of OREO from current or prior appraisals that have been adjusted for valuation declines, estimated selling costs, and other proprietary qualitative adjustments that are deemed necessary.
 
The following tables present assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, by the level of valuation inputs in the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated:
 
   
December 31, 2019
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans, non-covered
  $
1,828
    $
-
    $
-
    $
1,828
 
OREO, non-covered
   
3,969
     
-
     
-
     
3,969
 
 
   
December 31, 2018
 
   
Total
   
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Impaired loans, non-covered
  $
3,618
    $
-
    $
-
    $
3,618
 
OREO, non-covered
   
3,806
     
-
     
-
     
3,806
 
OREO, covered
   
32
     
-
     
-
     
32
 
 
Quantitative Information about Level
3
Fair Value Measurements
 
The following table provides quantitative information for assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using Level
3
valuation inputs as of the dates indicated:
 
   
Valuation
 
Unobservable
 
Discount Range (Weighted Average)
 
   
Technique
 
Input
 
December 31, 2019
   
December 31, 2018
 
                             
Impaired loans, non-covered
 
Discounted appraisals
(1)
 
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
 
 22%
to
36%
(26%)
 
 15%
to
100%
(29%)
OREO, non-covered
 
Discounted appraisals
(1)
 
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
 
 15%
to
100%
(8%)
 
 1%
to
81%
(31%)
OREO, covered
 
Discounted appraisals
(1)
 
Appraisal adjustments
(2)
 
 
N/A
 
 
 
 49%
to
49%
(49%)
 

(
1
)
Fair value is generally based on appraisals of the underlying collateral.
(
2
)
Appraisals
may
be adjusted by management for customized discounting criteria, estimated sales costs, and proprietary qualitative adjustments.
 
The following tables present the carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments, by the level of valuation inputs in the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated:
 
   
December 31, 2019
 
   
Carrying
   
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Amount
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
217,009
    $
217,009
    $
217,009
    $
-
    $
-
 
Debt securities available for sale
   
169,574
     
169,574
     
-
     
169,574
     
-
 
Equity securities
   
55
     
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Loans held for sale    
263
     
263
     
 
     
 
     
263
 
Loans held for investment, net of allowance
   
2,096,035
     
2,068,257
     
-
     
-
     
2,068,257
 
FDIC indemnification asset
   
2,883
     
1,201
     
-
     
-
     
1,201
 
Interest receivable
   
6,677
     
6,677
     
-
     
6,677
     
-
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
3,990
     
3,990
     
3,990
     
-
     
-
 
                                         
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits
   
515,622
     
512,134
     
-
     
512,134
     
-
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
   
1,601
     
1,601
     
-
     
1,601
     
-
 
Interest payable
   
472
     
472
     
-
     
472
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
3,990
     
3,990
     
3,990
     
-
     
-
 
Derivative liabilities
   
510
     
510
     
-
     
510
     
-
 
 
   
December 31, 2018
 
   
Carrying
   
 
 
 
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
(Amounts in thousands)
 
Amount
   
Fair Value
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $
76,873
    $
76,873
    $
76,873
    $
-
    $
-
 
Debt securities available for sale
   
153,116
     
153,116
     
-
     
153,116
     
-
 
Debt securities held to maturity
   
25,013
     
24,990
     
-
     
24,990
     
-
 
Equity securities
   
55
     
55
     
55
     
-
     
-
 
Loans held for investment, net of allowance
   
1,756,817
     
1,720,114
     
-
     
-
     
1,720,114
 
FDIC indemnification asset
   
5,108
     
2,565
     
-
     
-
     
2,565
 
Interest receivable
   
5,481
     
5,481
     
-
     
5,481
     
-
 
Derivative financial assets
   
12
     
12
     
-
     
12
     
-
 
Deferred compensation assets
   
3,527
     
3,527
     
3,527
     
-
     
-
 
                                         
Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Time deposits
   
445,661
     
436,018
     
-
     
436,018
     
-
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
   
29,370
     
29,389
     
-
     
29,389
     
-
 
Interest payable
   
618
     
618
     
-
     
618
     
-
 
Deferred compensation liabilities
   
3,527
     
3,527
     
3,527
     
-
     
-