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Segment Information and Major Customers
 12 Months Ended
Jul. 26, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information and Major Customers Segment Information and Major Customers
(a)Revenue and Gross Margin by Segment
We conduct business globally and are primarily managed on a geographic basis consisting of three segments: the Americas, EMEA, and APJC. Our chief executive officer is the chief operating decision maker (CODM). The CODM reviews certain financial information for each segment, to evaluate performance and allocate resources by comparing actual performance to our annual targets. Performance of each segment is measured based on segment revenue and segment gross margin.
We do not allocate research and development, sales and marketing, or general and administrative expenses to our segments because the CODM does not include this information in our measurement of performance of the operating segments. In addition, we do not allocate amortization and impairment of acquisition-related intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, significant litigation settlements (which includes the supplier-related legal settlement as described in Note 21) and other contingencies, charges related to asset impairments and restructurings, and certain other charges to the cost of sales and gross margin for each segment because the CODM does not include this information in the measurement of the performance of our operating segments.
The following summarizes our revenue and gross margin by segment and the significant expenses by each segment for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023 (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Americas$33,656 $31,971 $33,447 
EMEA14,824 14,117 15,135 
APJC8,174 7,716 8,417 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Gross margin:
Americas$22,962 $21,372 $21,350 
EMEA10,545 9,755 10,016 
APJC5,431 5,187 5,424 
Segment total38,938 36,312 36,788 
Unallocated corporate items(2,148)(1,484)(1,035)
Total$36,790 $34,828 $35,753 
Supplemental information about our significant expenses:
Americas:
Cost of sales — product$8,206 $8,077 $9,479 
Cost of sales — services2,487 2,523 2,619 
Segment total$10,694 $10,600 $12,097 
EMEA:
Cost of sales — product$3,138 $3,264 $3,998 
Cost of sales — services1,140 1,098 1,121 
Segment total$4,279 $4,362 $5,119 
APJC:
Cost of sales — product$2,010 $1,838 $2,324 
Cost of sales — services734 690 668 
Segment total$2,743 $2,529 $2,992 
Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
Revenue in the United States was $30.4 billion, $28.7 billion, and $29.9 billion for fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.
(b)Revenue for Groups of Similar Products and Services
We design and sell IP-based networking and other products related to the communications and IT industry and provide services associated with these products and their use.
The following table presents revenue for groups of similar products and services (in millions):
Years EndedJuly 26, 2025July 27, 2024July 29, 2023
Revenue:
Networking$28,304 $29,229 $34,570 
Security8,094 5,075 3,859 
Collaboration4,154 4,113 4,052 
Observability1,055 837 661 
Total Product41,608 39,253 43,142 
Services15,046 14,550 13,856 
Total$56,654 $53,803 $56,998 
Amounts may not sum due to rounding.
(c)Additional Segment Information
No single customer accounted for 10% or more of revenue in fiscal 2025, 2024, and 2023.
Our long-lived assets are based on the physical location of the assets. The following table presents our long-lived assets, which consists of property and equipment, net and operating lease ROU assets information for geographic areas (in millions):
July 26, 2025July 27, 2024
Long-lived assets:
United States$2,370 $2,253 
International1,044 903 
Total$3,414 $3,156