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Available-for-Sale Debt and Equity Investments (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Summary of Available-for-Sale Debt Investments
The following tables summarize our available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):

April 30, 2022Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized and Credit
Losses		Fair
Value
U.S. government securities$1,346 $— $(46)$1,300 
U.S. government agency securities 150 — (4)146 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities171 — — 171 
Corporate debt securities8,770 5 (296)8,479 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities2,234 — (176)2,058 
Commercial paper548 — — 548 
Certificates of deposit212 — — 212 
Total$13,431 $5 $(522)$12,914 
July 31, 2021Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized and Credit
Losses		Fair
Value
U.S. government securities$1,773 $21 $— $1,794 
U.S. government agency securities 152 — — 152 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities3 — — 3 
Corporate debt securities8,727 213 (30)8,910 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities2,838 34 (10)2,862 
Commercial paper1,190 — — 1,190 
Certificates of deposit295 — — 295 
Total$14,978 $268 $(40)$15,206 
Gross Realized Gains and Gross Realized Losses Related to Available-for-Sale Investment
The following table presents the gross realized gains and gross realized losses related to available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
April 30, 2022May 1, 2021April 30, 2022May 1, 2021
Gross realized gains$8 $24 $27 $48 
Gross realized losses(6)(2)(9)(2)
Total$2 $22 $18 $46 
Available-for-Sale Investments with Gross Unrealized Losses
The following tables present the breakdown of the available-for-sale debt investments with gross unrealized losses and the duration that those losses had been unrealized at April 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021 (in millions):
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS		UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER		TOTAL
April 30, 2022Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities$1,185 $(43)$96 $(3)$1,281 $(46)
U.S. government agency securities121 (2)24 (2)145 (4)
Non-U.S. government and agency securities171 — — — 171 — 
Corporate debt securities6,185 (225)367 (35)6,552 (260)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,505 (118)547 (58)2,052 (176)
Total$9,167 $(388)$1,034 $(98)$10,201 $(486)
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS		UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER		TOTAL
July 31, 2021Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities$468 $— $— $— $468 $— 
U.S. government agency securities26 — — — 26 — 
Corporate debt securities1,086 (5)6 — 1,092 (5)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,293 (10)13 — 1,306 (10)
Commercial paper37 — — — 37 — 
Total$2,910 $(15)$19 $— $2,929 $(15)
Maturities of Available-for-Sale Debt Investments
The following table summarizes the maturities of our available-for-sale debt investments as of April 30, 2022 (in millions): 
Amortized CostFair Value
Within 1 year$3,431 $3,397 
After 1 year through 5 years7,619 7,319 
After 5 years through 10 years146 139 
After 10 years1 1 
Mortgage-backed securities with no single maturity2,234 2,058 
Total$13,431 $12,914