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Available-for-Sale Debt and Equity Investments (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
May 01, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Summary of Available-for-Sale Debt Investments
The following tables summarize our available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
May 1, 2021Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized and Credit
Losses		Fair
Value
U.S. government securities$1,881 $22 $— $1,903 
U.S. government agency securities 167 — — 167 
Non-U.S. government and agency securities3 — — 3 
Corporate debt securities9,329 218 (35)9,512 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities2,788 35 (13)2,810 
Commercial paper1,333 — — 1,333 
Certificates of deposit440 — — 440 
Total (1)
$15,941 $275 $(48)$16,168 
July 25, 2020Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
U.S. government securities$2,614 $71 $— $2,685 
U.S. government agency securities 110 — — 110 
Corporate debt securities11,549 334 (6)11,877 
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,987 49 (1)2,035 
Commercial paper727 — — 727 
Certificates of deposit176 — — 176 
Total$17,163 $454 $(7)$17,610 
(1) Net unsettled investment sales were $262 million as of May 1, 2021 and were included in other current assets.
Gross Realized Gains and Gross Realized Losses Related to Available-for-Sale Investment
The following table presents the gross realized gains and gross realized losses related to available-for-sale debt investments (in millions):
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
May 1, 2021April 25, 2020May 1, 2021April 25, 2020
Gross realized gains$24 $20 $48 $45 
Gross realized losses(2)(21)(2)(25)
Total$22 $(1)$46 $20 
Available-for-Sale Investments with Gross Unrealized Losses
The following tables present the breakdown of the available-for-sale debt investments with gross unrealized losses and the duration that those losses had been unrealized at May 1, 2021 and July 25, 2020 (in millions):
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS		UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER		TOTAL
May 1, 2021Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government securities 
$468 $— $— $— $468 $— 
U.S. government agency securities26 — — — 26 — 
Corporate debt securities1,242 (10)6 — 1,248 (10)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities1,618 (13)— — 1,618 (13)
Commercial paper46 — — — 46 — 
Certificates of deposit16 — — — 16 — 
Total$3,416 $(23)$6 $— $3,422 $(23)
 UNREALIZED LOSSES
LESS THAN 12 MONTHS		UNREALIZED LOSSES
12 MONTHS OR GREATER		TOTAL
July 25, 2020Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair ValueGross 
Unrealized 
Losses
U.S. government agency securities$33 $— $— $— $33 $— 
Corporate debt securities1,060 (6)3 — 1,063 (6)
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities265 (1)— — 265 (1)
Total$1,358 $(7)$3 $— $1,361 $(7)
Maturities of Available-for-Sale Debt Investments
The following table summarizes the maturities of our available-for-sale debt investments as of May 1, 2021 (in millions): 
Amortized CostFair Value
Within 1 year$5,608 $5,605 
After 1 year through 5 years6,296 6,428 
After 5 years through 10 years1,244 1,318 
After 10 years5 7 
Mortgage-backed securities with no single maturity2,788 2,810 
Total$15,941 $16,168