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Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)
 6 Months Ended
Jan. 26, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense
The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense (in millions):
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
January 26, 2019
 
January 27, 2018
 
January 26, 2019
 
January 27, 2018
Cost of sales—product
$
22

 
$
23

 
$
45

 
$
46

Cost of sales—service
31

 
31

 
64

 
65

Share-based compensation expense in cost of sales
53

 
54

 
109

 
111

Research and development
133

 
134

 
263

 
270

Sales and marketing
125

 
135

 
262

 
270

General and administrative
65

 
64

 
127

 
128

Restructuring and other charges
19

 
12

 
42

 
18

Share-based compensation expense in operating expenses
342

 
345

 
694

 
686

Total share-based compensation expense
$
395

 
$
399

 
$
803

 
$
797

Income tax benefit for share-based compensation
$
126

 
$
96

 
$
291

 
$
271
Summary of Share-Based Awards Available for Grant
A summary of share-based awards available for grant is as follows (in millions):
 
Share-Based Awards
Available for Grant
BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2017
272

Restricted stock, stock units, and other share-based awards granted
(70
)
Share-based awards canceled/forfeited/expired
18

Shares withheld for taxes and not issued
25

BALANCE AT JULY 28, 2018
245

Restricted stock, stock units, and other share-based awards granted
(37
)
Share-based awards canceled/forfeited/expired
12

Shares withheld for taxes and not issued
15

Other
1

BALANCE AT JANUARY 26, 2019
236
Summary of Restricted Stock and Stock Unit Activity
A summary of the restricted stock and stock unit activity, which includes time-based and performance-based or market-based RSUs, is as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):
 
Restricted Stock/
Stock Units
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
 
Aggregate Fair  Value
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2017
141

 
$
26.94

 
 
Granted
46

 
35.62

 
 
Assumed from acquisitions
1

 
28.26

 
 
Vested
(53
)
 
26.02

 
$
1,909

Canceled/forfeited/other
(16
)
 
28.37

 
 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 28, 2018
119

 
30.56

 
 
Granted
25

 
44.69

 
 
Vested
(31
)
 
27.99

 
$
1,453

Canceled/forfeited/other
(10
)
 
31.20

 
 
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JANUARY 26, 2019
103

 
$
34.66

 
 
Summary of Stock Option Activity
A summary of the stock option activity is as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):
 
STOCK OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
 
Number
Outstanding
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price per Share
BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2017
12

 
$
6.15

Assumed from acquisitions
3

 
8.20

Exercised
(8
)
 
5.77

Canceled/forfeited/expired
(1
)
 
8.75

BALANCE AT JULY 28, 2018
6

 
7.18

Exercised
(2
)
 
6.79

BALANCE AT JANUARY 26, 2019
4

 
$
7.27
Summary of Significant Ranges of Outstanding and Exercisable Stock Options
The following table summarizes significant ranges of outstanding and exercisable stock options as of January 26, 2019 (in millions, except years and share prices):
 
 
STOCK OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
 
STOCK OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
Range of Exercise Prices
 
Number
Outstanding
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
(in Years)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price per
Share
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 
Number
Exercisable
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price per
Share
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
$   0.01 – 35.00
 
4

 
5.3
 
$
7.27

 
$
167

 
3

 
$
7.11

 
$
130
Schedule of Assumptions Used
The assumptions for the valuation of time-based RSUs and PRSUs are summarized as follows:
 
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
 
PERFORMANCE BASED
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Three Months Ended
January 26, 2019
 
January 27, 2018
 
January 26, 2019
 
January 27, 2018
Number of shares granted (in millions)
17

 
21

 
—

 
—

Grant date fair value per share
$
44.53

 
$
34.89

 
N/A

 
$
32.47

Weighted-average assumptions/inputs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Expected dividend yield
2.8
%
 
3.1
%
 
N/A

 
3.2
%
   Range of risk-free interest rates
0.0% – 2.8%

 
0.0% – 2.1%

 
N/A

 
1.0%-1.8%

   Range of expected volatilities for index
N/A

 
N/A

 
N/A

 
13.2%-81.0%

 
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
 
PERFORMANCE BASED
RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Six Months Ended
January 26, 2019
 
January 27, 2018
 
January 26, 2019
 
January 27, 2018
Number of shares granted (in millions)
23

 
28

 
2

 
3

Grant date fair value per share
$
44.48

 
$
33.50

 
$
47.00

 
$
31.31

Weighted-average assumptions/inputs:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Expected dividend yield
2.8
%
 
3.2
%
 
2.8
%
 
3.6
%
   Range of risk-free interest rates
0.0% – 2.9%

 
0.0% – 2.1%

 
2.1% – 3.0%

 
1.0%-1.8%

   Range of expected volatilities for index
N/A

 
N/A

 
13.0% – 65.2%

 
13.2%-81.0%