Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets


(a)	Goodwill

The following table presents the goodwill allocated to our reportable segments as of January 26, 2019 and during the first six months of fiscal 2019 (in millions):




	Balance at July 28, 2018		Acquisitions & Divestitures		Other			Balance at January 26, 2019
Americas	$	19,998	$	1,082	$	(79	)	$	21,001
EMEA	7,529		429		(22		)	7,936
APJC	4,179		190		(13		)	4,356
Total	$	31,706	$	1,701	$	(114	)	$	33,293

“Other” in the table above primarily consists of foreign currency translation as well as immaterial purchase accounting adjustments.


(b)	Purchased Intangible Assets

The following table presents details of our intangible assets acquired through acquisitions completed during the first six months of fiscal 2019 (in millions, except years):



	FINITE LIVES									INDEFINITE LIVES		TOTAL
	TECHNOLOGY			CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS			OTHER			IPR&D		TOTAL
	Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)	Amount		Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)	Amount		Weighted- Average Useful Life (in Years)	Amount		Amount		Amount
Duo	5.0	$	153	5.0	$	94	2.5	$	18	$	77	$	342
Others (two in total)	5.0	8		—	—		—	—		—		8
Total		$	161		$	94		$	18	$	77	$	350

The following tables present details of our purchased intangible assets (in millions):



January 26, 2019	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Technology	$	3,165	$	(1,620	)	$	1,545
Customer relationships	812		(292		)	520
Other	55		(30		)	25
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives	4,032		(1,942		)	2,090
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives	180		—			180
Total	$	4,212	$	(1,942	)	$	2,270



July 28, 2018	Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net
Purchased intangible assets with finite lives:
Technology	$	3,711	$	(1,888	)	$	1,823
Customer relationships	1,538		(937		)	601
Other	63		(38		)	25
Total purchased intangible assets with finite lives	5,312		(2,863		)	2,449
In-process research and development, with indefinite lives	103		—			103
Total	$	5,415	$	(2,863	)	$	2,552

Purchased intangible assets include intangible assets acquired through acquisitions as well as through direct purchases or licenses.

There were no impairment charges related to purchased intangible assets for the second quarter and first six months of fiscal 2019 and for the corresponding periods of fiscal 2018. Impairment charges are primarily a result of declines in estimated fair values of certain purchased intangible assets resulting from the reduction or elimination of expected future cash flows associated with certain of our technology and in-process research and development (IPR&D) intangible assets.

The following table presents the amortization of purchased intangible assets, including impairment charges (in millions):



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	January 26, 2019		January 27, 2018		January 26, 2019		January 27, 2018
Amortization of purchased intangible assets:
Cost of sales	$	156	$	160	$	307	$	314
Operating expenses	39		60		73		121
Total	$	195	$	220	$	380	$	435

The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets with finite lives as of January 26, 2019 is as follows (in millions):



Fiscal Year	Amount
2019 (remaining six months)	$	382
2020	$	726
2021	$	530
2022	$	274
2023	$	133
Thereafter	$	45