Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Oct. 27, 2018

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Summary of Share-Based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense (in millions):

	Three Months Ended
	October 27, 2018		October 28, 2017
Cost of sales—product	$	23	$	23
Cost of sales—service	33		34
Share-based compensation expense in cost of sales	56		57
Research and development	130		136
Sales and marketing	137		135
General and administrative	62		64
Restructuring and other charges	23		6
Share-based compensation expense in operating expenses	352		341
Total share-based compensation expense	$	408	$	398
Income tax benefit for share-based compensation	$	165	$	175

Summary of Share-Based Awards Available for Grant

A summary of share-based awards available for grant is as follows (in millions):

	Share-Based Awards Available for Grant
BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2017	272
Restricted stock, stock units, and other share-based awards granted	(70	)
Share-based awards canceled/forfeited/expired	18
Shares withheld for taxes and not issued	25
BALANCE AT JULY 28, 2018	245
Restricted stock, stock units, and other share-based awards granted	(12	)
Share-based awards canceled/forfeited/expired	5
Shares withheld for taxes and not issued	9
Other	1
BALANCE AT OCTOBER 27, 2018	248

Summary of Restricted Stock and Stock Unit Activity

A summary of the restricted stock and stock unit activity, which includes time-based and performance-based or market-based RSUs, is as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):

	Restricted Stock/ Stock Units		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share		Aggregate Fair  Value
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2017	141		$	26.94
Granted	46		35.62
Assumed from acquisitions	1		28.26
Vested	(53	)	26.02		$	1,909
Canceled/forfeited/other	(16	)	28.37
UNVESTED BALANCE AT JULY 28, 2018	119		30.56
Granted	8		45.05
Vested	(19	)	25.92		$	883
Canceled/forfeited/other	(4	)	30.33
UNVESTED BALANCE AT OCTOBER 27, 2018	104		$	32.48

Summary of Stock Option Activity

A summary of the stock option activity is as follows (in millions, except per-share amounts):

	STOCK OPTIONS OUTSTANDING
	Number Outstanding		Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share
BALANCE AT JULY 29, 2017	12		$	6.15
Assumed from acquisitions	3		8.20
Exercised	(8	)	5.77
Canceled/forfeited/expired	(1	)	8.75
BALANCE AT JULY 28, 2018	6		7.18
Exercised	(1	)	6.50
BALANCE AT OCTOBER 27, 2018	5		$	7.29

Summary of Significant Ranges of Outstanding and Exercisable Stock Options

The following table summarizes significant ranges of outstanding and exercisable stock options as of October 27, 2018 (in millions, except years and share prices):

	STOCK OPTIONS OUTSTANDING						STOCK OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
Range of Exercise Prices	Number Outstanding	Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Number Exercisable	Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
$   0.01 – 35.00	5	5.8	$	7.29	$	195	4	$	7.06	$	140

Schedule of Assumptions Used

The assumptions for the valuation of time-based RSUs and PRSUs are summarized as follows:

	RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS						PERFORMANCE BASED RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS
Three Months Ended	October 27, 2018			October 28, 2017			October 27, 2018			October 28, 2017
Number of shares granted (in millions)	6			7			2			3
Grant date fair value per share	$	44.32		$	29.81		$	47.00		$	31.31
Weighted-average assumptions/inputs:
Expected dividend yield	2.8		%	3.6		%	2.8		%	3.6		%
Range of risk-free interest rates	2.1% – 2.9%			1.0% – 1.9%			2.1% – 3.0%			1.0%-1.6%
Range of expected volatilities for index	N/A			N/A			13.0% – 65.2%			13.2%-81.0%