7.	Fair Value

Management uses its best judgment in estimating the fair value of the Corporation's financial instruments; however, there are inherent weaknesses in any estimation technique. Therefore, for substantially all financial instruments, the fair value estimates herein are

not

necessarily indicative of the amounts the Corporation could have realized in a sale transaction or exit price on the date indicated. The estimated fair value amounts have been measured as of their respective period ends and have

not

been re-evaluated or updated for purposes of these financial statements subsequent to those respective dates. As such, the estimated fair values of these financial instruments subsequent to the respective reporting dates

may

be different than the amounts reported.

Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

The Corporation used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair value of the following assets:

Debt securities available-for-sale, equity securities

– The fair value of all investment securities are based upon the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the security. If available, investment securities are determined by quoted market prices (Level

). Level

includes U.S. Treasury, federal agency securities and certain equity securities. For investment securities where quoted market prices are

not

available, fair values are calculated based on market prices on similar securities (Level

). Level

includes U.S. Government sponsored entities and agencies, mortgage-backed securities, collateralized mortgage obligations, state and political subdivision securities and certain corporate debt securities. For investment securities where quoted prices or market prices of similar securities are

not

available, fair values are calculated by using unobservable inputs (Level

) and

may

include certain corporate debt and equity securities held by the Corporation.

For assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

(Dollar amounts in thousands)			(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
June 30, 2020:
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies	$	1,022	$	—	$	1,022	$	—
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities: residential		19,145		—		19,145		—
U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligations: residential		20,631		—		20,631		—
State and political subdivision		38,062		—		38,062		—
Corporate debt securities		12,527		—		8,505		4,022
Total available-for-sale securities	$	91,387	$	—	$	87,365	$	4,022

Equity securities	$	14	$	14	$	—	$	—

December 31, 2019:
Securities available-for-sale
U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies	$	7,077	$	—	$	7,077	$	—
U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities: residential		41,075		—		41,075		—
U.S. agency collateralized mortgage obligations: residential		32,837		—		32,837		—
State and political subdivisions		27,796		—		27,796		—
Corporate debt securities		11,322		—		7,300		4,022
Total available-for-sale securities	$	120,107	$	—	$	116,085	$	4,022

Equity securities	$	19	$	19	$	—	$	—

The Corporation's policy is to transfer assets or liabilities from

one

level to another when the methodology to obtain the fair value changes such that there are more or fewer unobservable inputs as of the end of the reporting period. During the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2020

, the Corporation had

transfers between levels. During the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2019

, the Corporation reclassified

one

corporate security from Level

to Level

The following table presents changes in Level

assets measured on a recurring basis for the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2020

and

2019

(Dollar amounts in thousands)	Three months ended June 30,					Six months ended June 30,
	2020		2019			2020		2019
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	4,022	$	3,500		$	4,022	$	3,500
Total gains or losses (realized/unrealized):
Included in earnings		—		—			—		—
Included in other comprehensive income		—		—			—		—
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3		—		(500	)		—		(500	)
Balance at the end of the period	$	4,022	$	3,000		$	4,022	$	3,000

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

The Corporation used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate the fair value of the following assets:

Impaired loans –

At the time a loan is considered impaired, it is valued at the lower of cost or fair value. Impaired loans carried at fair value generally receive a specific allowance for loan losses. For collateral dependent loans, fair value is commonly based on real estate appraisals. These appraisals

may

utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the independent appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level

classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Non-real estate collateral

may

be valued using an appraisal, net book value per the borrower's financial statements, or aging reports, adjusted or discounted based on management's historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of the valuation, and management's expertise and knowledge of the client and client's business, resulting in a Level

classification. Impaired loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly. As of

June 30, 2020

, the Corporation had

one

impaired commercial business loan carried at a fair value of

$60,000,

which consisted of the outstanding balance of

$67,000

less a specific reserve of

$7,000.

As of

December 31, 2019

, the Corporation did

not

have any impaired loans carried at fair value measured using the fair value of collateral. During the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2020

there was additional provision for loans losses recorded for impaired loans of

$7,000

and

$31,000,

respectively, compared to

$63,000

for the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2019.

Other real estate owned

(OREO)

– Assets acquired through or instead of foreclosure are initially recorded at fair value less costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis. These assets are subsequently accounted for at lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is commonly based on recent real estate appraisals. Management's ongoing review of appraisal information

may

result in additional discounts or adjustments to the valuation based upon more recent market sales activity or more current appraisal information derived from properties of similar type and/or locale. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level

classification of the inputs for determining fair value. As of

June 30, 2020

, OREO measured at fair value less costs to sell had a carrying amount of

$9,000,

which consisted of the outstanding balance of

$18,000,

less write-downs of

$9,000.

As of

December 31, 2019

, OREO measured at fair value less costs to sell had a net carrying amount of

$88,000,

which consisted of the outstanding balance of

$91,000,

less write-downs of

$3,000.

This property was sold during the

first

quarter of

2020.

During the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2020

, there was

$32,000

of expense recorded associated with the write-down of OREO. During the

three

and

six

month periods ended

June 30, 2019

, there was expense recorded of

$14,000

and

$35,000,

respectively, associated with the write-down of OREO.

Appraisals for both collateral-dependent impaired loans and OREO are performed by certified general appraisers (for commercial properties) or certified residential appraisers (for residential properties) whose qualifications and licenses have been reviewed by the Corporation. Once received, management reviews the assumptions and approaches utilized in the appraisal as well as the overall resulting fair value in comparison with independent data sources such as recent market data or industry-wide statistics. On an annual basis, the Corporation compares the actual selling price of OREO that has been sold to the most recent appraised value to determine what additional adjustment should be made to the appraisal value to arrive at fair value. The most recent analysis performed indicated that a discount of

10%

should be applied.

For assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

(Dollar amounts in thousands)			(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
Description	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
June 30, 2020:
Impaired commercial business loans	$	60	$	—	$	—	$	60
Other real estate owned		9		—		—		9
Total	$	69	$	—	$	—	$	69

December 31, 2019:
Other real estate owned	$	88	$	—	$	—	$	88
Total	$	88	$	—	$	—	$	88

The following table presents quantitative information about Level

fair value measurements for assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:

(Dollar amounts in thousands)			Valuation	Unobservable	Weighted
			Techniques(s)	Input(s)	Average
June 30, 2020:
Impaired commercial business loans	$	60	Liquidation value of business assets	Adjustment for differences between comparable sales		10	%
Other real estate owned		9	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between comparable sales		10	%

December 31, 2019:
Other real estate owned	$	88	Sales comparison approach	Adjustment for differences between comparable sales		10	%

June 30, 2020

and

December 31, 2019

, there was an impaired residential mortgage loan totaling

$70,000

and

$67,000,

respectively, and an impaired home equity loan totaling

$4,000

and

$4,000,

respectively, which were classified as TDRs and measured using a discounted cash flow methodology.

The following table sets forth the carrying amount and fair value of the Corporation's financial instruments included in the consolidated balance sheet:

(Dollar amounts in thousands)
	Carrying		Fair Value Measurements using:
Description	Amount		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
June 30, 2020:
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	25,834	$	25,834	$	25,834	$	—	$	—
Interest earning time deposits		6,462		6,462		—		6,462		—
Securities - available-for-sale		91,387		91,387		—		87,365		4,022
Securities - equities		14		14		14		—		—
Loans, net		803,732		801,735		—		—		801,735
Federal bank stock		6,181		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		3,449		3,449		57		361		3,031
Total	$	937,058	$	928,881	$	25,905	$	94,188	$	808,788
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits		868,712		874,599		670,755		203,844		—
Borrowed funds		32,050		33,268		—		33,268		—
Accrued interest payable		574		574		50		524		—
Total	$	901,336	$	908,441	$	670,805	$	237,636	$	—

December 31, 2019:
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	14,986	$	14,986	$	14,986	$	—	$	—
Interest earning time deposits		9,698		9,698		—		9,698		—
Securities - available-for-sale		120,107		120,107		—		116,085		4,022
Securities - equities		19		19		19		—		—
Loans, net		695,348		697,990		—		—		697,990
Federal bank stock		5,790		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A
Accrued interest receivable		2,600		2,600		78		419		2,103
Total	$	848,548	$	845,400	$	15,083	$	126,202	$	704,115
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits		787,124		793,999		569,357		224,642		—
Borrowed funds		28,550		29,133		—		29,133		—
Accrued interest payable		616		616		51		565		—
Total	$	816,290	$	823,748	$	569,408	$	254,340	$	—

This information should

not

be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Corporation since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Corporation's assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Corporation's disclosures and those of other companies

may

not

be meaningful.