10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to              

Commission File Number:  001-33288

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	06-1185400 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1020 West Park Avenue, Kokomo, Indiana (Address of principal executive offices)	46904-9013 (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (765) 456-6000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Tile of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	“HAYN”	NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company☐
	Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.)  Yes ☐ No ☒

As of May 1, 2023, the registrant had 12,731,248 shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Haynes International, Inc. and Subsidiaries	2
	Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) as of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023	2
	Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2023	3
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2023	4
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2023	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2023	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	16
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	25
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	25
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION	26
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	26
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	26
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	26
Item 6.	Exhibits	27
	Index to Exhibits	27
	Signatures	28

1

PART 1     FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.        Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,440	$	16,859
Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $428 and $846 at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, respectively		94,912		99,729
Inventories		357,556		397,481
Income taxes receivable		—		2,152
Other current assets		3,514		3,658
Total current assets		464,422		519,879
Property, plant and equipment, net		142,772		142,686
Deferred income taxes		5,680		5,858
Other assets		9,723		9,514
Goodwill		4,789		4,789
Other intangible assets, net		4,909		4,938
Total assets	$	632,295	$	687,664
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	54,886	$	51,167
Accrued expenses		19,294		18,146
Income taxes payable		828		677
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits		3,371		3,371
Deferred revenue—current portion		2,500		2,500
Total current liabilities		80,879		75,861
Revolving credit facilities - Long-term		74,721		108,000
Long-term obligations (less current portion)		7,848		7,701
Deferred revenue (less current portion)		7,829		6,579
Deferred income taxes		3,103		3,285
Operating lease liabilities		576		486
Accrued pension benefits (less current portion)		21,090		18,079
Accrued postretirement benefits (less current portion)		60,761		61,914
Total liabilities		256,807		281,905
Commitments and contingencies		—		—
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value (40,000,000 shares authorized, 12,854,773 and 13,123,811 shares issued and 12,479,741 and 12,731,248 shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, respectively)		13		13
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value (20,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding)		—		—
Additional paid-in capital		266,193		275,962
Accumulated earnings		135,040		149,514
Treasury stock, 375,032 shares at September 30, 2022 and 392,563 shares at March 31, 2023		(14,666)		(15,591)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(11,092)		(4,139)
Total stockholders’ equity		375,488		405,759
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	632,295	$	687,664

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

2

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Net revenues	$	117,056	$	152,786	$	216,486	$	285,459
Cost of sales		93,643		121,908		175,296		231,543
Gross profit		23,413		30,878		41,190		53,916
Selling, general and administrative expense		11,782		12,702		23,144		23,654
Research and technical expense		944		1,047		1,849		2,020
Operating income		10,687		17,129		16,197		28,242
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income)		(1,088)		(365)		(2,176)		(731)
Interest income		(6)		(10)		(14)		(16)
Interest expense		514		1,865		814		3,366
Income before income taxes		11,267		15,639		17,573		25,623
Provision for income taxes		2,783		3,290		4,430		5,535
Net income	$	8,484	$	12,349	$	13,143	$	20,088
Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.68	$	0.98	$	1.05	$	1.59
Diluted	$	0.67	$	0.96	$	1.04	$	1.56
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding
Basic		12,331		12,544		12,350		12,522
Diluted		12,474		12,787		12,531		12,766
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.22	$	0.22	$	0.44	$	0.44

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

3

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Net income	$	8,484	$	12,349	$	13,143	$	20,088
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension and postretirement		(1)		(393)		(1)		(786)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(1,429)		1,935		(860)		7,739
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(1,430)		1,542		(861)		6,953
Comprehensive income	$	7,054	$	13,891	$	12,282	$	27,041

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

4

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2023
										Accumulated
				Additional						Other		Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Treasury		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Par		Capital		Earnings		Stock		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance December 31, 2021	12,455,839	$	13	$	263,126	$	102,865	$	(14,023)	$	(11,772)	$	340,209
Net income							8,484						8,484
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 per share)							(2,730)						(2,730)
Other comprehensive income											(1,430)		(1,430)
Exercise of stock options	2,883				109								109
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	(6,522)												—
Vesting of restricted stock	11,993												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(5,240)								(195)				(195)
Stock compensation					863								863
Balance March 31, 2022	12,458,953	$	13	$	264,098	$	108,619	$	(14,218)	$	(13,202)	$	345,310
Balance December 31, 2022	12,597,607	$	13	$	270,340	$	139,976	$	(15,504)	$	(5,681)	$	389,144
Net income							12,349						12,349
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 per share)							(2,811)						(2,811)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											1,542		1,542
Exercise of stock options	130,889				4,851								4,851
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	4,300												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(1,548)								(87)				(87)
Stock compensation					771								771
Balance March 31, 2023	12,731,248	$	13	$	275,962	$	149,514	$	(15,591)	$	(4,139)	$	405,759

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022 and 2023
										Accumulated
				Additional						Other		Total
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Accumulated		Treasury		Comprehensive		Stockholders’
	Shares	Par		Capital		Earnings		Stock		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance September 30, 2021	12,562,140	$	13	$	262,057	$	101,015	$	(7,423)	$	(12,341)	$	343,321
Net income							13,143						13,143
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.44 per share)							(5,539)						(5,539)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											(861)		(861)
Exercise of stock options	6,533				224								224
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	25,182												—
Vesting of restricted stock	32,904												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(167,806)								(6,795)				(6,795)
Stock compensation					1,817								1,817
Balance March 31, 2022	12,458,953	$	13	$	264,098	$	108,619	$	(14,218)	$	(13,202)	$	345,310
Balance September 30, 2022	12,479,741	$	13	$	266,193	$	135,040	$	(14,666)	$	(11,092)	$	375,488
Net income							20,088						20,088
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.44 per share)							(5,614)						(5,614)
Other comprehensive income (loss)											6,953		6,953
Exercise of stock options	218,576				8,228								8,228
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures)	38,033												—
Vesting of restricted stock	12,429												—
Purchase of treasury stock	(17,531)								(925)				(925)
Stock compensation					1,541								1,541
Balance March 31, 2023	12,731,248	$	13	$	275,962	$	149,514	$	(15,591)	$	(4,139)	$	405,759

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

5

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	13,143	$	20,088
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation		9,252		8,932
Amortization		322		216
Pension and post-retirement expense - U.S. and U.K.		1,100		1,306
Change in long-term obligations		(16)		(41)
Stock compensation expense		1,817		1,541
Deferred revenue		(1,250)		(1,250)
Deferred income taxes		4,009		231
Loss on disposition of property		—		65
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(17,830)		(1,134)
Inventories		(44,124)		(34,370)
Other assets		1,282		110
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		598		(8,888)
Income taxes		(701)		(2,346)
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits		(4,411)		(4,187)
Net cash used in operating activities		(36,809)		(19,727)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property, plant and equipment		(7,729)		(7,292)
Net cash used in investing activities		(7,729)		(7,292)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Revolving credit facility borrowings		35,000		84,128
Revolving credit facility repayments		(13,500)		(50,849)
Dividends paid		(5,587)		(5,603)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		224		8,228
Payment for purchase of treasury stock		(6,795)		(925)
Payment for debt issuance cost		—		(245)
Payments on long-term obligations		(120)		(138)
Net cash provided by financing activities		9,222		34,596
Effect of exchange rates on cash		(208)		842
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents:		(35,524)		8,419
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period		47,726		8,440
End of period	$	12,202	$	16,859
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest (net of capitalized interest)	$	559	$	2,951
Income taxes paid, net	$	998	$	7,568
Capital expenditures incurred but not yet paid	$	632	$	1,159
Dividends declared but not yet paid	$	161	$	210

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

6

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC. and SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Note 1.  Basis of Presentation

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and such principles are applied on a basis consistent with information reflected in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC related to interim financial statements. In the opinion of management, the interim financial information includes all adjustments and accruals which are necessary for a fair presentation of results for the respective interim periods. The results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending September 30, 2023 or any other interim period.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Haynes International, Inc. and directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”).  All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.

Note 2.  Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848).  This new update provides optional expedients to ease the potential burden of accounting for the effects of reference rate reform as it pertains to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued.  These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to modifications made or relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022.  This standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Note 3.  Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Contract Balances

As of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, accounts receivable with customers were $95,340 and $100,575, respectively. Allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023 were $428 and $846, respectively, and are presented within accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Contract liabilities are recognized when the Company has received consideration from a customer to transfer goods or services at a future point in time when the Company performs under the purchase order or contract.  As of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, contract liabilities of $10,329 and $9,079, respectively, for the Titanium Metals Corporation agreement, as described in Note 8 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement have been recorded. Additionally, contract liabilities of $700 and $830, respectively, were recorded for accrued product returns.

7

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue is disaggregated by end-use markets.  The following table includes a breakdown of net revenues to the markets served by the Company for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023.

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Net revenues
Aerospace	$	52,918	$	66,612	$	101,373	$	131,130
Chemical processing		22,850		28,605		40,300		51,320
Industrial gas turbine		24,788		32,420		39,386		58,445
Other markets		9,755		17,550		24,242		32,272
Total product revenue		110,311		145,187		205,301		273,167
Other revenue		6,745		7,599		11,185		12,292
Net revenues	$	117,056	$	152,786	$	216,486	$	285,459

Note 4.  Inventories

The following is a summary of the major classes of inventories:

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
Raw Materials	$	31,887	$	38,280
Work-in-process		226,572		232,392
Finished Goods		97,657		125,288
Other		1,440		1,521
	$	357,556	$	397,481

Note 5.  Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0%, primarily due to state income taxes, differing tax rates on foreign earnings and discrete tax items that impacted income tax expense (benefit) in these periods.  The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 21.0% on $15,639 of income before income taxes compared to 24.7% on income before income taxes of $11,267 for the three months ended March 31, 2022.  The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was 21.6% on $25,623 of income before income taxes compared to 25.2% on income before income taxes of $17,573 for the six months ended March 31, 2022.  

Note 6.  Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

Components of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit cost for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,								Six Months Ended March 31,
	Pension Benefits				Other Benefits				Pension Benefits				Other Benefits
	2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023
Service cost	$	1,182	$	672	$	456	$	347	$	2,364	$	1,344	$	912	$	694
Interest cost		1,923		2,772		559		800		3,846		5,544		1,118		1,600
Expected return		(3,561)		(3,419)		—		—		(7,122)		(6,838)		—		—
Amortizations		51		51		(60)		(570)		102		102		(120)		(1,140)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	(405)	$	76	$	955	$	577	$	(810)	$	152	$	1,910	$	1,154

The Company contributed $3,000 to Company-sponsored U.S. pension plans and $1,141 to its other post-retirement benefit plans for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The Company expects to make contributions of $3,000 to its U.S. pension plan and $2,135 to its other post-retirement benefit plan for the remainder of fiscal 2023.    

8

Note 7.  Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

Legal

The Company is regularly involved in litigation, both as a plaintiff and as a defendant, relating to its business and operations, including environmental, commercial, asbestos, employment and federal and/or state Equal Employment Opportunity Commission administrative actions. Future expenditures for environmental, employment, intellectual property and other legal matters cannot be determined with any degree of certainty.

Environmental

The Company has received permits from the Indiana Department of Environmental Management and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources to close and provide post-closure environmental monitoring and care for certain areas of its Kokomo, Indiana and Mountain Home, North Carolina facilities, respectively.  

The Company is required to, among other things, monitor groundwater and continue post-closure maintenance of the former disposal areas at each site. As a result, the Company is aware of elevated levels of certain contaminants in the groundwater, and additional testing and corrective action by the Company could be required.  The Company is unable to estimate the costs of any further corrective action at these sites, if required. Accordingly, the Company cannot assure that the costs of any future corrective action at these or any other current or former sites would not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

As of both September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, the Company has accrued $407 for post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities, of which $341 is included in long-term obligations as it is not due within one year.  Accruals for these costs are calculated by estimating the cost to monitor and maintain each post-closure site and multiplying that amount by the number of years remaining in the post-closure monitoring.

Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted) included in long-term obligations are as follows at March 31, 2023.  

Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted)
Year Ending September 30,
2024	$	82
2025		60
2026		58
2027		62
2028 and thereafter		79
	$	341

Note 8.  Deferred Revenue

On November 17, 2006, the Company entered into a twenty-year agreement to provide conversion services to Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) for up to ten million pounds of titanium metal annually. TIMET paid the Company a $50,000 up-front fee and will also pay the Company for its processing services during the term of the agreement (20 years) at prices established by the terms of the agreement. TIMET may exercise an option to have ten million additional pounds of titanium converted annually, provided that it offers to loan up to $12,000 to the Company for certain capital expenditures which may be required to expand capacity. In addition to the volume commitment, the Company has granted TIMET a first priority security interest in its four-high Steckel rolling mill, along with rights of access if the Company enters into bankruptcy or defaults on any financing arrangements. The Company has agreed not to manufacture titanium products (other than cold reduced titanium tubing). The Company has also agreed not to provide titanium hot-rolling conversion services to any entity other than TIMET for the term of the Conversion Services Agreement.

The agreement contains certain default provisions which could result in contract termination and damages, including liquidated damages of $25,000 and the Company being required to return the unearned portion of the up-front fee. The Company considered each provision and the likelihood of the occurrence of a default that would result in liquidated damages. Based on the nature of the events that could trigger the liquidated damages clause, and the availability of the cure periods set forth in the agreement, the Company determined and continues to believe that none of these circumstances are reasonably likely to occur. Therefore, events resulting in liquidated damages have not been factored in as a reduction to the amount of revenue recognized over the life of the contract. The cash received of $50,000 is recognized in income on a straight-line basis over the 20-year term of the agreement. If an event of default

9

occurred and was not cured within any applicable grace period, the Company would recognize the impact of the liquidated damages in the period of default and re-evaluate revenue recognition under the contract for future periods. The portion of the up-front fee not recognized in income is shown as deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Note 9.  Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

The Company has goodwill, trademarks, customer relationships and other intangibles.  Customer relationships have a definite life and are amortized over a period of fifteen years.  The Company reviews customer relationships for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.   If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset.  

Goodwill and trademarks (indefinite lived) are tested for impairment at least annually as of January 31 for goodwill and August 31 for trademarks (the annual impairment testing dates), and more frequently if impairment indicators exist.  If the carrying value of a trademark exceeds its fair value (determined using an income approach, based upon a discounted cash flow of an assumed royalty rate), impairment of the trademark may exist resulting in a charge to earnings to the extent of the impairment.  The impairment test for goodwill is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment loss in the event that the carrying amount is greater than the fair value.  Any goodwill impairment loss recognized would not exceed the total carrying amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.  No impairment has been recognized as of March 31, 2023 because the fair value exceeds the carrying values.  

During the first six months of fiscal 2023, there were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.  

Amortization of customer relationships and other intangibles was $118 and $90 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively, and $322 and $216 for the six-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 respectively.  The following represents a summary of intangible assets at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023.

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
September 30, 2022	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,128)		972
Other		1,100		(963)		137
	$	7,000	$	(2,091)	$	4,909

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
March 31, 2023	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,193)		907
Other		348		(117)		231
	$	6,248	$	(1,310)	$	4,938

Estimated future Aggregate Amortization Expense:
Year Ending September 30,
2023	$	180
2024		241
2025		123
2026		120
2027		116
Thereafter		358

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Note 10.  Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company accounts for earnings per share using the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation that determines net income per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to participation rights in undistributed earnings. Non-vested restricted stock awards that include non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered participating securities.  Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The computation of diluted earnings per share is similar to basic earnings per share, except the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive common shares had been issued.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	March 31,						March 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	2022			2023			2022			2023
Numerator: Basic and Diluted
Net income	$	8,484		$	12,349		$	13,143		$	20,088
Dividends paid and accrued		(2,730)			(2,811)			(5,539)			(5,614)
Undistributed income (loss)		5,754			9,538			7,604			14,474
Percentage allocated to common shares (a)		99.0	%		99.2	%		99.0	%		99.2	%
Undistributed income (loss) allocated to common shares		5,697			9,463			7,525			14,361
Dividends paid on common shares outstanding		2,703			2,789			5,482			5,570
Net income available to common shares		8,400			12,252			13,007			19,931
Denominator: Basic and Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding		12,330,567			12,544,388			12,349,904			12,522,323
Adjustment for dilutive potential common shares		143,616			242,331			180,938			243,459
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted		12,474,183			12,786,719			12,530,842			12,765,782
Basic net income per share	$	0.68		$	0.98		$	1.05		$	1.59
Diluted net income per share	$	0.67		$	0.96		$	1.04		$	1.56
Number of stock option shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		306,752			214,890			271,806			223,565
Number of restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		56,296			40,899			58,818			43,824
Number of deferred restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		3,507			5,574			3,646			6,353
Number of performance share awards excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		51,326			41,400			72,059			42,280
(a) Percentage allocated to common shares - Weighted average
Common shares outstanding		12,330,567			12,544,388			12,349,904			12,522,323
Unvested participating shares		122,836			98,877			129,161			98,887
		12,453,403			12,643,265			12,479,065			12,621,210

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Note 11.  Stock-Based Compensation

Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to restricted stock for the six months ended March 31, 2023:

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2022	96,536	$	33.23
Granted	29,059	$	49.19
Forfeited / Canceled	—	$	0.00
Vested	(35,692)	$	37.06
Unvested at March 31, 2023	89,903	$	36.87
Expected to vest	89,903	$	36.87

Compensation expense related to restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $352 and $340, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $744 and $646, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock at March 31,2023 was $2,022, to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.65 years.  During the first six months of fiscal 2023, the Company repurchased 17,531 shares of stock from employees at an average purchase price of $52.74 to satisfy required withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock-based compensation.

Deferred Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to deferred restricted stock for the six months ended March 31, 2023.  

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested and deferred at September 30, 2022	3,801	$	44.07
Granted	8,974	$	49.19
Vested and deferred	(3,801)	$	44.07
Unvested and deferred at March 31, 2023	8,974	$	49.19
Vested and deferred at March 31, 2023	21,351	$	31.32

Compensation expense related to deferred restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $42 and $98, respectively and for the six months ended March 31,2022 and 2023 was $84 and $157. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to deferred restricted stock at March 31, 2023 was $312, to be recognized over a weighted average period of  0.71 years.  

Performance Shares

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to performance shares for the six months ended March 31, 2023.  

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2022	76,420	$	41.37
Granted	19,555	$	69.39
Vested	(25,226)	$	42.83
Forfeited / Canceled	—	$	0.00
Unvested at March 31, 2023	70,749	$	48.60

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During the first six months of fiscal 2023, 25,226 performance share awards vested which resulted in the issuance of 12,429 shares of stock to certain employees.  The Company repurchased 5,474 shares of stock from employees at an average purchase price of $52.41 to satisfy required withholding taxes upon release of performance share awards.  Compensation expense related to the performance shares for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $224 and $365, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $453 and $606, respectively.  The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to performance shares at March 31, 2023 was $1,993 to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.61 years.

Stock Options

The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rates and dividend yields. The volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the stock option granted. The Company uses historical volatility because management believes such volatility is representative of prospective trends. The expected term of an award is based on historical exercise data. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of the awards.  The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectations regarding dividend payouts at the time of the grant.   The following assumptions were used for grants during fiscal year 2023:

	Fair		Dividend		Risk-free		Expected		Expected
Grant Date	Value		Yield		Interest Rate		Volatility		Life
February 7, 2023	$	22.70	1.65	%	3.81	%	51	%	5	years
November 22, 2022	$	20.52	1.80	%	3.97	%	51	%	5	years

The stock-based employee compensation expense for stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $245 and $186, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $537 and $351, respectively.  The remaining unrecognized compensation expense at March 31, 2023 was $971, to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 1.57 years.    

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2007, 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to stock options for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and provides information regarding outstanding stock options:

						Weighted
		Aggregate		Weighted		Average
		Intrinsic		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Value		Exercise		Contractual
	Shares	(000s)		Prices		Life
Outstanding at September 30, 2022	697,220			$	34.75
Granted	32,235			$	49.01
Exercised	(218,576)			$	37.90
Surrendered	(13,081)			$	47.96
Outstanding at March 31, 2023	497,798	$	8,045	$	33.94	6.75	yrs.
Vested or expected to vest	478,599	$	7,684	$	34.04	6.69	yrs.
Exercisable at March 31, 2023	399,672	$	6,739	$	33.23	6.30	yrs.

Note 12.  Dividend

In the first and second quarters of fiscal 2023, the Company declared and paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock.  The first quarter dividend was paid on December 19, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 5, 2022 and the second quarter dividend was paid on March 15, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, 2023.  The dividend cash pay-outs were $2,796 and $2,807 for the first and second quarters of fiscal 2023.

On May 4, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock.  The dividend is payable June 15, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on June 1, 2023.

Note 13.  Fair Value Measurements

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the inputs used to determine fair value.

● Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets that are unadjusted and accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

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● Level 2 — Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or financial instruments for which significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3 — Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

When available, the Company uses unadjusted quoted market prices to measure fair value. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally-developed models that use, where possible, current market-based or independently-sourced market parameters such as interest rates and currency rates. Items valued using internally-generated models are classified according to the lowest level input or value driver that is significant to the valuation.  The valuation model used depends on the specific asset or liability being valued.

Fixed income securities are held as individual bonds and are valued as either level 1 assets as they are quoted in active markets or level 2 assets.  U.S and International equities, and Other Investments held in the Company’s pension plan are held as individual bonds or in mutual funds and common / collective funds which are valued using net asset value (NAV) provided by the administrator of the fund.  The NAV is based on the value of the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus its liabilities, and then divided by the number of shares outstanding.  These investments are not classified in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with guidance included in ASU 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent).

Note 14.  Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Comprehensive income (loss) includes changes in equity that result from transactions and economic events from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) items, including pension, post-retirement and foreign currency translation adjustments, primarily caused by the strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar against the British pound sterling, net of tax when applicable.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2021	$	(14,745)	$	8,971	$	(5,998)	$	(11,772)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(1,429)		(1,429)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses (1)		9		(60)		—		(51)
Tax benefit		(16)		14		—		(2)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		45		(46)		(1,429)		(1,430)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2022	$	(17,121)	$	24,020	$	(12,580)	$	(5,681)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		1,935		1,935
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses (1)		7		(569)		—		(562)
Tax benefit		(13)		130		—		117
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		46		(439)		1,935		1,542
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2023	$	(17,075)	$	23,581	$	(10,645)	$	(4,139)
	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2021	$	(14,791)	$	9,017	$	(6,567)	$	(12,341)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(860)		(860)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses (1)		17		(120)		—		(103)
Tax provision (benefit)		(29)		28		—		(1)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		91		(92)		(860)		(861)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)

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	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2022	$	(17,165)	$	24,457	$	(18,384)	$	(11,092)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		7,739		7,739
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses (1)		14		(1,139)		—		(1,125)
Tax provision (benefit)		(27)		263		—		236
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		90		(876)		7,739		6,953
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(17,075)	$	23,581	$	(10,645)	$	(4,139)

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

Note 15.  Long-term Obligations

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s Long-term obligations.  

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
Finance lease obligations	$	7,384	$	7,255
Environmental post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities		407		407
Long-term disability		210		200
Deferred dividends		199		210
Less amounts due within one year		(352)		(371)
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	$	7,848	$	7,701

Note 16.  Debt

U.S. revolving credit facility

On October 19, 2020, the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) and related Pledge and Security Agreement with certain other lenders (the “Security Agreement”, and, together with the Credit Agreement, the “Credit Documents”).  The Credit Documents were subsequently amended to extend the maturity of the agreement to April 19, 2024 and switch from a LIBOR-based interest rate calculation to a SOFR-based interest rate calculation.  On October 7, 2022, the Company again amended the Credit Agreement to implement an accordion feature that increased the maximum borrowing amount from $100.0 million to $160.0 million, subject to a borrowing base and certain reserves.  

As of March 31, 2023, the amounts borrowed by the Company under the Credit Agreement totaled $108.0 million which is classified as long-term on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  With the amendment executed on October 7, 2022, the Credit Agreement provides for revolving loans in the maximum amount of $160.0 million, subject to a borrowing base and certain reserves. The Credit Agreement has a remaining accordion which permits an increase in the maximum revolving loan amount from $160.0 million up to an aggregate amount of $170.0 million at the request of the borrower if certain conditions are met. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either JPMorgan’s “prime rate”, plus 1.25% - 1.75% per annum, or the adjusted SOFR rate (SOFR plus 0.10%) determined by the lender, plus 2.25% - 2.75% per annum (with a SOFR floor of 0.5%).    

The Company must pay monthly, in arrears, a commitment fee of 0.425% per annum on the unused amount of the U.S. revolving credit facility total commitment. For letters of credit, the Company must pay a fronting fee of 0.125% per annum as well as customary fees for issuance, amendments and processing.

The Company is subject to certain covenants as to fixed charge coverage ratios and other customary covenants, including covenants restricting the incurrence of indebtedness, the granting of liens and the sale of assets. The covenant pertaining to fixed charge coverage ratios is only effective in the event the amount of excess availability under the revolver is less than the greater of (i) 12.5% of the maximum credit revolving loan amount and (ii) $12.5 million. The Company is permitted to pay dividends and repurchase common stock if certain financial metrics are met.  The Company may pay quarterly cash dividends up to $3.5 million per fiscal quarter so long as the Company is not in default under the Credit Documents.  As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the covenants

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of the Credit Agreement.  To the extent that we are in default under the Credit Agreement, the Company’s liquidity could be reduced due to potential restrictions on borrowings available to the Company.  

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by a pledge of substantially all of the U.S. assets of the Company, including the equity interests in its U.S. subsidiaries, but excluding the four-high Steckel rolling mill and related assets, which are pledged to Titanium Metals Corporation (“TIMET”) to secure the performance of the Company’s obligations under a Conversion Services Agreement with TIMET (see discussion of TIMET at Note 8). Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are also secured by a pledge of a 100% equity interest in each of the Company’s direct foreign subsidiaries.

Note 17.  Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce income statement volatility resulting from foreign currency denominated transactions. The Company has not designated the contracts as hedges, therefore, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.  All of these contracts are designed to be settled within the same fiscal quarter they are entered into and, accordingly, as of March 31, 2023, there were no contracts that remain unsettled.  As a result, there was no impact to the balance sheet from those contracts as of September 30, 2022 or March 31, 2023.  Foreign exchange contract gains and losses are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations along with foreign currency transactional gains and losses as follows.

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Foreign currency transactional gain (loss)	$	510	$	(478)	$	290	$	(2,329)
Foreign exchange forward contract gain (loss)	$	(1,119)	$	113	$	(1,459)	$	1,986
Net gain (loss) included in selling, general and administrative expense	$	(609)	$	(365)	$	(1,169)	$	(343)

●

Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References to years or portions of years in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations refer to the Company’s fiscal years ended September 30, unless otherwise indicated.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”) contains statements that constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding market and industry prospects and future results of operations or financial position, made in this Form 10-Q are forward-looking.    In many cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as “may”, “should”, “expects”, “intends”, “plans”, “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “predicts”, “potential” or “continue” or the negative of such terms and other comparable terminology. The forward-looking information may include, among other information, statements concerning the Company’s outlook for fiscal 2023 and beyond, overall volume and pricing trends, cost reduction strategies and their anticipated impact on our results, capital expenditures, dividends, capital allocation strategies and their expected results, operations and demand for our products.  There may also be other statements of expectations, beliefs, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts.  Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, many of which are beyond the Company’s control.

The Company has based these forward-looking statements on its current expectations and projections about future events.  Although the Company believes that the assumptions on which the forward-looking statements contained herein are based are reasonable, any of those assumptions could prove to be inaccurate. As a result, the forward-looking statements based upon those assumptions also could be incorrect.  Risks and uncertainties may affect the accuracy of forward-looking statements. Some, but not all, of these risks are described in Item 1A. of Part 1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022.  

The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Business Overview

Haynes International, Inc. (“Haynes”, “the Company”, “we”, “our” or “us”) is one of the world’s largest developers, producers, and distributors of technologically advanced high-performance nickel- and cobalt-based alloys.  The Company’s products, which are sold primarily into the aerospace, chemical processing and industrial gas turbine industries, consist of high-temperature resistant alloys,

16

or “HTA” products, and corrosion-resistant alloys, or “CRA” products. HTA products are used by manufacturers of equipment that is subjected to extremely high temperatures, such as jet engines for the aerospace market, gas turbine engines used for power generation and industrial heating equipment. CRA products are used in applications that require resistance to very corrosive media found in chemical processing, power plant emissions control and waste treatment. Haynes high-performance alloy sales in sheet, coil and plate forms, in the aggregate, represented approximately 62% of net product revenues in fiscal 2022. The Company also produces its products as seamless and welded tubulars, which represented approximately 13% of fiscal 2022 net product revenues and in wire form, which represented approximately 7% of fiscal 2022 net product revenues, and in slab, bar and billet form, which, in the aggregate, represented approximately 18% of fiscal 2022 net product revenues.

The Company has manufacturing facilities in Kokomo, Indiana; Arcadia, Louisiana; and Mountain Home, North Carolina. The Kokomo facility specializes in flat products, the Arcadia facility specializes in tubular products, and the Mountain Home facility specializes in wire products. The Company’s products are sold primarily through its direct sales organization, which includes 11 service and/or sales centers in the United States, Europe and Asia. All of these centers are Company-operated.

Dividends Paid and Declared

In the first and second quarters of fiscal 2023, the Company declared and paid a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock. The first quarter dividend was paid on December 19, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 5, 2022 and the second quarter dividend was paid on March 15, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, 2023.  The total dividend cash pay-outs in both the first and second quarters were approximately $2.8 million based on the number of shares outstanding.

On May 4, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock.  The dividend is payable June 15, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on June 1, 2023.  Any future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors.  

Capital Spending

During the first six months of fiscal 2023, capital investment was $7.3 million, and total planned capital expenditures for fiscal 2023 are expected to be between $18.0 million and $22.0 million.

Volume and Pricing

Volume shipped in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 was 4.7 million pounds which is 7.6% higher than the same quarter in the prior fiscal year.  Aerospace volume increased 9.6% along with a 14.8% increase in aerospace average selling price, resulting in a 25.9% or $13.7 million aerospace revenue increase compared to the prior year. The volume increase was primarily driven by the single-aisle commercial aircraft recovery. Volumes in the chemical processing industry (CPI) decreased by 2.9%.  However, CPI average selling price increased 28.9%, which resulted in a 25.2% or $5.8 million CPI revenue increase compared to the prior year. Industrial gas turbine (IGT) volumes were up 1.0% along with a 29.5% increase in the IGT average selling price, which resulted in a 30.8% or $7.6 million IGT revenue increase compared to the prior year.  Other markets revenue increased 79.9%, and other revenue increased by 12.7%.    

The Company has an ongoing strategy of increasing margins. This is achieved by reducing processing costs as well as increasing pricing for the high-value, differentiated products and services it offers. The Company implemented multiple price increases for contract and non-contract business as market conditions improved and in response to higher inflation. Customer long-term agreements typically have adjustors for specific raw material prices and for changes in the producer price index to help cover general inflationary items. The product average selling price per pound in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 was $31.11, which is a 22.3% increase year-over-year, primarily due to the noted price increases and raw material adjustors.

Set forth below are selected data relating to the Company’s net revenues, gross profit, backlog, the 30-day average nickel price per pound as reported by the London Metals Exchange and a breakdown of net revenues, shipments and average selling prices to the markets served by the Company for the periods shown. The data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and the remainder of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in this Form 10-Q.

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Net Revenue and Gross Profit Margin Performance

	Comparison by Quarter of Net Revenues, Gross Profit Margin and
	Gross Profit Margin Percentage for Fiscal 2022 and YTD 2023
	December 31,			March 31,			June 30,			September 30,			December 31,			March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2021			2022			2022			2022			2022			2023
Net Revenues	$	99,430		$	117,056		$	130,165		$	143,810		$	132,673		$	152,786
Gross Profit Margin	$	17,777		$	23,413		$	33,222		$	31,921		$	23,038		$	30,878
Gross Profit Margin %		17.9	%		20.0	%		25.5	%		22.2	%		17.4	%		20.2	%

The Company has made a significant strategic effort to improve gross margins over the past few years. As a result of this strategy, the Company reduced the volume breakeven point by over 25%. The Company previously struggled to be profitable at roughly 5.0 million pounds. With the current product mix, the Company can generate profits at lower volumes as first demonstrated in the third quarter of fiscal 2021, producing a positive net income at only 3.7 million pounds shipped.

Gross profit margin was 20.2% in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 compared to 20.0% in the same period last year and 17.4% in first quarter of fiscal 2023. Volatility of raw materials, specifically nickel and cobalt, have impacted gross margins. During fiscal 2022 this impact was favorable due to rising raw material prices which increased gross margins; however, in the first and second quarter of fiscal 2023 this impact was unfavorable due to decreasing raw material prices which lowered gross margins. The estimated impact from raw material volatility in the first quarter of fiscal 2023 was a headwind of $5.6 million compressing gross margin percentage by approximately 4.2%. Similarly, the estimated impact from raw material volatility in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 was a headwind of $1.7 million that compressed gross margin percentage by approximately 1.1%. This compares to the previous year’s estimated impact in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 that was a favorable tailwind of approximately $2.6 million which increased gross margin percentage by approximately 2.2%.

Backlog

	Quarter Ended
	December 31,		March 31,		June 30,		September 30,		December 31,		March 31,
	2021		2022		2022		2022		2022		2023
Backlog(1)
Dollars (in thousands)	$	217,477	$	280,687	$	338,178	$	373,736	$	408,181	$	446,749
Pounds (in thousands)		8,931		10,654		12,125		12,798		13,640		14,177
Average selling price per pound	$	24.35	$	26.35	$	27.89	$	29.20	$	29.93	$	31.51
Average nickel price per pound
London Metals Exchange(2)	$	9.10	$	15.47	$	11.71	$	10.28	$	13.08	$	10.56

⁽¹⁾ Approximately 50% of the orders in the backlog include prices that are subject to adjustment based on changes in raw material costs.  Historically, approximately 70% of the backlog orders have shipped within six months and approximately 90% have shipped within 12 months. The backlog figures do not reflect that portion of the business conducted at service and sales centers on a spot or “just-in-time” basis.

⁽²⁾ Represents the average price for a cash buyer as reported by the London Metals Exchange for the 30 days ending on the last day of the period presented.

The Company experienced continued high levels of order entry over the past quarter.  The Company established a record backlog of $446.7 million as of March 31, 2023, an increase of $38.6 million, or 9.4% from the first quarter of fiscal 2023 and an increase of $166.1 million, or 59.2%, from the same period of last year.   In addition, the backlog has increased for 23 consecutive months.  Backlog pounds increased 3.9% during the second quarter to approximately 14.1 million pounds and has increased by 33.1% from the second quarter of fiscal 2022.  The growth was predominately in the aerospace and industrial gas turbine markets.  

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Quarterly Market Information

	Quarter Ended
	December 31,		March 31,		June 30,		September 30,		December 31,		March 31,
	2021		2022		2022		2022		2022		2023
Net revenues (in thousands)
Aerospace	$	48,455	$	52,918	$	60,981	$	67,647	$	64,518	$	66,612
Chemical processing		17,450		22,850		24,180		27,185		22,715		28,605
Industrial gas turbines		14,598		24,788		23,991		28,501		26,025		32,420
Other markets		14,487		9,755		14,518		14,946		14,722		17,550
Total product revenue		94,990		110,311		123,670		138,279		127,980		145,187
Other revenue		4,440		6,745		6,495		5,531		4,693		7,599
Net revenues	$	99,430	$	117,056	$	130,165	$	143,810	$	132,673	$	152,786
Shipments by markets (in thousands of pounds)
Aerospace		1,864		1,808		2,142		2,402		2,187		1,982
Chemical processing		794		870		882		921		786		845
Industrial gas turbines		799		1,416		1,090		1,242		1,289		1,430
Other markets		420		244		427		318		290		410
Total shipments		3,877		4,338		4,541		4,883		4,552		4,667
Average selling price per pound
Aerospace	$	26.00	$	29.27	$	28.47	$	28.16	$	29.50	$	33.61
Chemical processing		21.98		26.26		27.41		29.52		28.90		33.85
Industrial gas turbines		18.27		17.51		22.01		22.95		20.19		22.67
Other markets		34.49		39.98		34.00		47.00		50.77		42.80
Total product (product only; excluding other revenue)		24.50		25.43		27.23		28.32		28.12		31.11
Total average selling price (including other revenue)	$	25.65	$	26.98	$	28.66	$	29.45	$	29.15	$	32.74

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Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

The following table sets forth certain financial information as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated and compares such information between periods.

	Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
	2022				2023				Amount		%
Net revenues	$	117,056	100.0	%	$	152,786	100.0	%	$	35,730	30.5	%
Cost of sales		93,643	80.0	%		121,908	79.8	%		28,265	30.2	%
Gross profit		23,413	20.0	%		30,878	20.2	%		7,465	31.9	%
Selling, general and administrative expense		11,782	10.1	%		12,702	8.3	%		920	7.8	%
Research and technical expense		944	0.8	%		1,047	0.7	%		103	10.9	%
Operating income		10,687	9.1	%		17,129	11.2	%		6,442	60.3	%
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income)		(1,088)	(0.9)	%		(365)	(0.2)	%		723	(66.5)	%
Interest income		(6)	(0.0)	%		(10)	(0.0)	%		(4)	66.7	%
Interest expense		514	0.4	%		1,865	1.2	%		1,351	262.8	%
Income before income taxes		11,267	9.6	%		15,639	10.2	%		4,372	38.8	%
Provision for income taxes		2,783	2.4	%		3,290	2.2	%		507	18.2	%
Net income	$	8,484	7.2	%	$	12,349	8.1	%	$	3,865	45.6	%

The following table includes a breakdown of net revenues, shipments and average selling prices to the markets served by the Company for the periods shown.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,				Change
By market	2022		2023		Amount		%
Net revenues (dollars in thousands)
Aerospace	$	52,918	$	66,612	$	13,694	25.9	%
Chemical processing		22,850		28,605		5,755	25.2	%
Industrial gas turbine		24,788		32,420		7,632	30.8	%
Other markets		9,755		17,550		7,795	79.9	%
Total product revenue		110,311		145,187		34,876	31.6	%
Other revenue		6,745		7,599		854	12.7	%
Net revenues	$	117,056	$	152,786	$	35,730	30.5	%
Pounds by market (in thousands)
Aerospace		1,808		1,982		174	9.6	%
Chemical processing		870		845		(25)	(2.9)	%
Industrial gas turbine		1,416		1,430		14	1.0	%
Other markets		244		410		166	68.0	%
Total shipments		4,338		4,667		329	7.6	%
Average selling price per pound
Aerospace	$	29.27	$	33.61	$	4.34	14.8	%
Chemical processing		26.26		33.85		7.59	28.9	%
Industrial gas turbine		17.51		22.67		5.16	29.5	%
Other markets		39.98		42.80		2.82	7.1	%
Total product (excluding other revenue)		25.43		31.11		5.68	22.3	%
Total average selling price (including other revenue)	$	26.98	$	32.74	$	5.76	21.3	%

Net Revenues.  Net revenues were $152.8 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2023, an increase of 30.5% from the same period of fiscal 2022 due to increases in volume in aerospace, industrial gas turbine and other markets, combined with increases in average selling price per pound in each of our markets.  The increase in pounds sold is due to strong sales in the aerospace market, as well as our other markets, compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2022, partially offset by lower pounds sold in the chemical processing market.  The increase in product average selling price per pound largely reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased the product average selling price per pound by approximately $4.70. It also includes a favorable product mix, which increased product average selling price per pound by approximately $1.02, partially offset by slightly lower market prices of raw materials, which decreased product average selling price per pound by approximately $0.04.

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The aerospace market has experienced increased demand as inventory throughout the aerospace supply chain continues to be replenished in response to the expected increase in engine builds. The increase in average selling price per pound largely reflects price increases and other pricing factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $5.01, partially offset by a change in product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.40 and lower market prices of raw materials, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.27.

Volume to the chemical processing market in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 was 2.9% lower than the second quarter of fiscal 2022 primarily due to lower special project shipments.  The increase in average selling price per pound in the chemical processing market reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $3.52, and a change in product mix, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.99 along with higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.08 per pound.

Volume to the industrial gas turbine market was similar to the same period in fiscal 2022.  The increase in average selling price per pound reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $4.84, and a change in product mix which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.31, along with higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.02 per pound.

Volume to the other markets increased the second quarter of fiscal 2023 from the same period in fiscal 2022 due to increases in a broad range of smaller markets, partially offset by lower shipments into the oil and gas and flue-gas desulfurization markets.  The average selling price per pound increase to other markets reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $5.12, partially offset by lower market prices of raw materials, which decreased average selling price per pound by $1.53 combined with a change in product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.65.  

Other Revenue.  The increase in other revenue was due primarily to increased sales of conversion services.  

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenues in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 was similar to the second quarter of fiscal 2022.  

Gross Profit.  Gross profit in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 increased compared to the same quarter of the prior year as a result of variable cost saving measures and a higher utilization of fixed costs driven from greater volumes shipped, which was partially offset by higher raw material prices included in cost of sales relative to the impact of raw material price adjustors in selling prices.  Gross profit in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 benefited from lower raw material prices included in cost of sales relative to the impact of raw material price adjustors in selling prices, which increased gross profit.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense.  The decrease as a percent of net revenues from 10.1% to 8.3% for selling, general and administrative expense was largely driven by higher net revenues.  The higher spend in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 as compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2022 is a result of higher spending on outside costs related to information systems in addition to a $0.3 million loss incurred in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 due to an uncollectible receivable from one customer.  This higher spend was partially offset by lower management incentive compensation costs of $0.2 million and lower exchange rate losses of $0.2 million.    

Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income).  The lower benefit recorded in nonoperating retirement benefit was primarily driven by an increase in the discount rate used in the actuarial valuation of the U.S. pension plan liability as of September 30, 2022 that resulted in a higher interest cost component of nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income) in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 when compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2022.   Partially offsetting the higher interest cost was the amortization of the actuarial gains of the U.S. pension plan liability in the second quarter of fiscal 2023.  

Income Taxes. The increase in income tax expense was driven primarily by a difference in income before income taxes of $4.4 million. The second quarter of fiscal 2023 benefited from a discrete tax benefit of approximately $0.3 million that was related to restricted stock vestings and option exercises that occurred during the quarter.

21

Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 Compared to the Six Months Ended March 32, 2022

The following table sets forth certain financial information as a percentage of net revenues for the periods indicated and compares such information between periods.

	Six Months Ended March 31,								Change
	2022				2023				Amount		%
Net revenues	$	216,486	100.0	%	$	285,459	100.0	%	$	68,973	31.9	%
Cost of sales		175,296	81.0	%		231,543	81.1	%		56,247	32.1	%
Gross profit		41,190	19.0	%		53,916	18.9	%		12,726	30.9	%
Selling, general and administrative expense		23,144	10.7	%		23,654	8.3	%		510	2.2	%
Research and technical expense		1,849	0.9	%		2,020	0.7	%		171	9.2	%
Operating income		16,197	7.5	%		28,242	9.9	%		12,045	74.4	%
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income)		(2,176)	(1.0)	%		(731)	(0.3)	%		1,445	(66.4)	%
Interest income		(14)	(0.0)	%		(16)	(0.0)	%		(2)	14.3	%
Interest expense		814	0.4	%		3,366	1.2	%		2,552	313.5	%
Income before income taxes		17,573	8.1	%		25,623	9.0	%		8,050	45.8	%
Provision for income taxes		4,430	2.0	%		5,535	1.9	%		1,105	24.9	%
Net income	$	13,143	6.1	%	$	20,088	7.0	%	$	6,945	52.8	%

The following table includes a breakdown of net revenues, shipments and average selling prices to the markets served by the Company for the periods shown.

	Six Months Ended
	March 31,				Change
	2022		2023		Amount		%
Net revenues (dollars in thousands)
Aerospace	$	101,373	$	131,130	$	29,757	29.4	%
Chemical processing		40,300		51,320		11,020	27.3	%
Industrial gas turbine		39,386		58,445		19,059	48.4	%
Other markets		24,242		32,272		8,030	33.1	%
Total product revenue		205,301		273,167		67,866	33.1	%
Other revenue		11,185		12,292		1,107	9.9	%
Net revenues	$	216,486	$	285,459	$	68,973	31.9	%
Pounds by market (in thousands)
Aerospace		3,672		4,169		497	13.5	%
Chemical processing		1,664		1,631		(33)	(2.0)	%
Industrial gas turbine		2,215		2,719		504	22.8	%
Other markets		664		700		36	5.4	%
Total shipments		8,215		9,219		1,004	12.2	%
Average selling price per pound
Aerospace	$	27.61	$	31.45	$	3.84	13.9	%
Chemical processing		24.22		31.47		7.25	29.9	%
Industrial gas turbine		17.78		21.50		3.72	20.9	%
Other markets		36.51		46.10		9.59	26.3	%
Total product (excluding other revenue)		24.99		29.63		4.64	18.6	%
Total average selling price (including other revenue)	$	26.35	$	30.96	$	4.61	17.5	%

Net Revenues.  Net revenues were $285.5 million in the first six months of fiscal 2023, an increase of 31.9% from $216.5 million in the same period of fiscal 2022 due primarily to volume increases in the aerospace, industrial gas turbine and other markets and average selling price per pound increases in each of our markets.  The 12.2% increase in pounds sold is due to the demand recovery and strong sales in the industrial gas turbine market, which increased by 22.8%, as well as the aerospace and other markets, which increased by 13.5% and 5.4%, respectively, from the first six months of fiscal 2022.  The product average selling price was $29.63 per pound in the first six months of fiscal 2023, an increase of 18.6% in the same period of fiscal 2022.   The increase in product average selling price per pound largely reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased product average selling price per pound by approximately $4.02 and higher market prices of raw materials, which increased product average selling price per pound by approximately $0.55, along with product mix, which increased product average selling price per pound by approximately $0.07.

22

The aerospace market has experienced increased demand as inventory throughout the aerospace supply chain continues to be replenished in response to the expected increase in engine builds. The increase in average selling price per pound in the aerospace market largely reflects price increases and other pricing factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $4.20 and an increase in market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.49, partially offset by a change in product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.85.  

Volume to the chemical processing market in the first six months of fiscal 2023 was 2.0% lower than the same period of fiscal 2022 primarily due to lower special project shipments.  The increase in average selling price per pound in the chemical processing market reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.38 and a change in product mix, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $3.58 along with higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $1.29 per pound.

The higher volume to the industrial gas turbine market was a result of overall increased demand in the market as well as timing of deliveries to one of the Company’s larger customers.  The increase in average selling price per pound in the industrial gas turbine market reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $3.75 and higher market prices of raw materials, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.49, partially offset by a change in product mix, which decreased average selling price per pound by approximately $0.52.

Volume to the other markets increased in the first six months of fiscal 2023 from the same period in fiscal 2022 due to increases in a broad range of smaller markets, partially offset by lower shipments into the oil and gas and flue-gas desulfurization markets.  The average selling price per pound increase to other markets reflects price increases and other sales factors, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $7.79 and a change in product mix, which increased average selling price per pound by approximately $2.41, partially offset by lower market prices of raw materials, which decreased average selling price per pound by $0.61.  

Other Revenue.   The increase in other revenue was due primarily to increased sales of conversion services.  

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenues in the first six months of fiscal 2023 was similar to the first six months of fiscal 2022.  

Gross Profit.  Gross profit in the six months of fiscal 2023 was adversely affected by higher raw material prices included in cost of sales relative to the impact of raw material price adjustors in selling prices, which lowered gross profit, while gross profit in the first six months of fiscal 2022 benefited from lower raw material prices in cost of sales relative to the impact of raw material price adjustors in selling prices, which increased gross profit during that period.  Partially offsetting the compression of margins due to raw material price changes was increased gross profit generated from variable cost saving measures and a higher utilization of fixed costs driven from greater volumes shipped. 

Selling, General and Administrative Expense.  Selling, general and administrative expense as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 8.3% from 10.7% for the first six months of fiscal 2023 compared to 10.7% for the same period of fiscal 2022, largely driven by a 31.9% increase in net revenues.  The higher spend in the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to the first six months of fiscal 2022 was attributable to a $0.3 million loss incurred in the second quarter of fiscal 2023 due to an uncollectible receivable from one customer as well as higher spend on outside costs related to information technology systems, partially offset by lower exchange losses.      

Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income).  The lower benefit recorded in nonoperating retirement benefit was primarily driven by an increase in the discount rate used in the actuarial valuation of the U.S. pension plan liability as of September 30, 2022 which resulted in a higher interest cost component of nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income) in the first six months of fiscal 2023 when compared to the same period of fiscal 2022.   Partially offsetting the higher interest cost was the amortization of the actuarial gains of the U.S. pension plan liability in the second quarter of fiscal 2023.    

Income Taxes.  The increase in income tax expense was driven primarily by a difference in income before income taxes of $8.1 million.  The first six months of fiscal 2023 benefited from a discrete tax benefit of approximately $0.3 million that was related to vestings of stock-based compensation and option exercises that occurred during the year.

Working Capital

Controllable working capital, which includes accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable and accrued expenses, was $427.9 million as of March 31, 2023, an increase of $49.6 million, or 13.1%, from $378.3 million as of September 30, 2022. The increase

23

resulted primarily from inventory increasing by $39.9 million, accounts payable and accrued expenses decreasing by $4.9 million and accounts receivable increasing by $4.8 million during the first six months of fiscal 2023.  

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Comparative cash flow analysis

The Company had cash and cash equivalents of $16.9 million as of March 31, 2023, inclusive of $9.3 million that was held by foreign subsidiaries in various currencies, compared to $8.4 million as of September 30, 2022.  Additionally, the Company had $108.0 million of borrowings against the $160.0 million line of credit outstanding with remaining capacity available of $52.0 million as of March 31, 2023, putting total liquidity at $68.9 million.

Net cash used in operating activities in the first six months of fiscal 2023 was $19.7 million compared to net cash used in operating activities of $36.8 million in the first six months of fiscal 2022.  The decrease in cash used in operating activities in the first six months of fiscal 2023 was driven by an increase in accounts receivable of $1.1 million as compared to an increase of $17.8 million during the same period of fiscal 2022, an increase in inventory of $34.4 million as compared to an increase of $44.1 million during the same period of fiscal 2022 and net income of $20.1 million for the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to net income of $13.1 million during the same period of fiscal 2022.  This was partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $8.9 million during the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to an increase of $0.6 million during the same period of fiscal 2022, a difference of $9.5 million.  

Net cash used in investing activities was $7.3 million in the first six months of fiscal 2023, which was comparable to investing activities of $7.7 million during the same period of fiscal 2022 due to lower additions to property, plant and equipment.  

Net cash provided by financing activities was $34.6 million in the first six months of fiscal 2023, an increase of $25.4 million from cash provided by financing activities of $9.2 million during the first six months of fiscal 2022.  This difference was primarily driven by a net borrowing of $33.3 million against the revolving line of credit during the first six months of fiscal 2023 compared to a net borrowing of $21.5 million during the same period of fiscal 2022.  Additionally, the Company had proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $8.2 million during the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to proceeds from exercise of stock options of $0.2 million during the same period of fiscal 2022 and lower share repurchases of $0.9 million in the first six months of fiscal 2023 as compared to $6.8 million during the same period of fiscal 2022.  Dividends paid of $5.6 million during the first six months of fiscal 2023 were comparable to same period of fiscal 2022.  

U.S. revolving credit facility

On October 19, 2020, the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) and related Pledge and Security Agreement with certain other lenders (the “Security Agreement”, and, together with the Credit Agreement, the “Credit Documents”).  The Credit Documents were subsequently amended to extend the maturity of the agreement to April 19, 2024 and switch from a LIBOR-based interest rate calculation to a SOFR-based interest rate calculation.  On October 7, 2022, the Company again amended the Credit Agreement to implement an accordion feature that increased the maximum borrowing amount from $100.0 million to $160.0 million, subject to a borrowing base and certain reserves.  The Credit Agreement has a remaining accordion which permits an increase in the maximum revolving loan amount from $160.0 million up to an aggregate amount of $170.0 million at the request of the borrower if certain conditions are met (See Note 16).

Future sources and uses of liquidity

The Company’s sources of liquidity for the next twelve months are expected to consist primarily of cash generated from operations, cash on-hand and borrowings under the U.S. revolving credit facility. At March 31, 2023, the Company had cash of $16.9 million, an outstanding balance of $108.0 million on the U.S. revolving credit facility (described above) and total remaining borrowing availability against the revolving credit facility of approximately $52.0 million, subject to a borrowing base formula and certain reserves.  Management believes that the resources described above will be sufficient to fund planned capital expenditures, any regular quarterly dividends declared and working capital requirements over the next twelve months.

The Company’s primary uses of cash over the next twelve months are expected to consist of expenditures related to:

● Funding operations, including raw material purchases, labor costs, insurance, utilities, equipment maintenance;

● Capital spending, including for purchases of new plant and equipment;

● Dividends to stockholders; and

24

● Pension and postretirement plan contributions, including an anticipated contribution to the U.S. pension plan of $3.0 million during the remainder of fiscal 2023.  

The Company’s primary uses of cash beyond the next twelve months are expected to remain the same as those expenditures expected over the next twelve months.

The Company expects to fund these uses of cash with existing cash on-hand, cash generated from net income over the next twelve months and additional borrowings from the revolving credit facility.  The Company anticipates that cash generated from net income, as a result of increased revenue as the Company works through the record backlog, will have a favorable result on the Company’s cash flow from operations in later quarters of fiscal 2023 and into fiscal 2024.  Additional demands for inventory are expected to be lower than in previous quarters as much of the necessary work-in-process inventory is currently in place.  Conversely, the Company has several capital projects underway which will result in higher capital spending than amounts spent in recent quarters which are expected to be funded by cash generated from operations or increased borrowings on the U.S. credit facility, if needed.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2. Recently Issued Accounting Standards in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Assumptions and estimates were based on the facts and circumstances known at March 31, 2023. However, future events rarely develop exactly as forecasted and the best estimates routinely require adjustment. The accounting policies and estimates discussed in Item 7 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 are considered by management to be the most important to an understanding of the financial statements because their application places the most significant demands on management’s judgment and estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. The applicable critical policies are also discussed in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of that report. For the quarter ended March 31, 2023, there were no material changes to the critical accounting policies and estimates.  

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As of March 31, 2023, there were no material changes in the market risks described in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

The Company has performed, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness and the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined by Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

25

PART II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For a discussion of certain legal proceedings, see Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In connection with information set forth in this report, the risk factors disclosed in Part I Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 should be considered. These risks and uncertainties could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and operating results.

The risks described herein and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not the only risks we face.  New risk factors or risks that we currently deem immaterial emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor to assess the impact such risk factors might have on our business, financial condition and operating results, or the extent to which any such risk factor or combination of risk factors may impact our business, financial condition and operating results.  

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Set forth below is information regarding the Company’s stock repurchases during the period covered by this report, comprising shares repurchased by the Company from employees to satisfy income tax obligations related to share-based compensation.

Period	Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit		Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value[000's]) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
January 1-31, 2023	—	$	—	—	$	—
February 1-28, 2023	1,409		55.95	—		—
March 1-31, 2023	139		58.25	—		—
Total	1,548	$	56.16	—

26

Item 6.Exhibits

Exhibits.  See Index to Exhibits.

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number	Description
3.1	Second Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Haynes International, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, Registration No. 333-140194 filed with the SEC on March 8, 2007).
3.2	Amended and Restated By-Laws of Haynes International, Inc., as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on April 30, 2020).
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-4(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
32.1	Section 1350 Certifications
101	The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023 formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss); (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (vi) related notes.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

27

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC.

/s/ Michael Shor

Michael Shor

President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: May 4, 2023

/s/ Daniel Maudlin

Daniel Maudlin

Vice President — Finance and Chief Financial Officer

Date:  May 4, 2023

28

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Michael L. Shor, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Haynes International, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statement made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the period presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-159f) and 15(d)-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

ug
Date: May 4, 2023
	/s/ Michael l. Shor Michael L. Shor President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Daniel W. Maudlin, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Haynes International, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statement made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the period presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-159f) and 15(d)-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 4, 2023
	/s/ Daniel W. Maudlin Daniel W. Maudlin Vice President of Finance and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

Certifications Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the

Sarbanes—Oxley Act of 2002

I, Daniel W. Maudlin, the Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer of Haynes International, Inc., certify that (i) the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and (ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Haynes International, Inc. as of the dates and for the periods set forth therein.

ugust	Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer
	/s/ Daniel W. Maudlin Daniel W. Maudlin Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer
	May 4, 2023 Date

I, Michael, L. Shor, the President and Chief Executive Officer of Haynes International, Inc., certify that (i) the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and (ii) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Haynes International, Inc. as of the dates and for the periods set forth therein.

ug	President and Chief Executive Officer
	/s/ Michael L. Shor Michael, L. Shor President and Chief Executive Officer
	May 4, 2023 Date

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	May 01, 2023
Cover Abstract
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-33288
Entity Registrant Name	HAYNES INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Entity Central Index Key	0000858655
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	06-1185400
Entity Address, Address Line One	1020 West Park Avenue
Entity Address, City or Town	Kokomo
Entity Address, State or Province	IN
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	46904-9013
City Area Code	765
Local Phone Number	456-6000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
Trading Symbol	HAYN
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		12,731,248
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 16,859	$ 8,440
Accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $428 and $846 at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, respectively	99,729	94,912
Inventories	397,481	357,556
Income taxes receivable	2,152
Other current assets	3,658	3,514
Total current assets	519,879	464,422
Property, plant and equipment, net	142,686	142,772
Deferred income taxes	5,858	5,680
Other assets	9,514	9,723
Goodwill	4,789	4,789
Other intangible assets, net	4,938	4,909
Total assets	687,664	632,295
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	51,167	54,886
Accrued expenses	18,146	19,294
Income taxes payable	677	828
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits	3,371	3,371
Deferred revenue-current portion	2,500	2,500
Total current liabilities	75,861	80,879
Revolving credit facilities - Long-term	108,000	74,721
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	7,701	7,848
Deferred revenue (less current portion)	6,579	7,829
Deferred income taxes	3,285	3,103
Operating lease liabilities	486	576
Accrued pension benefits (less current portion)	18,079	21,090
Accrued postretirement benefits (less current portion)	61,914	60,761
Total liabilities	281,905	256,807
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock, $0.001 par value (40,000,000 shares authorized, 12,854,773 and 13,123,811 shares issued and 12,479,741 and 12,731,248 shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, respectively)	13	13
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value (20,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding)
Additional paid-in capital	275,962	266,193
Accumulated earnings	149,514	135,040
Treasury stock, 375,032 shares at September 30, 2022 and 392,563 shares at March 31, 2023	(15,591)	(14,666)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(4,139)	(11,092)
Total stockholders' equity	405,759	375,488
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 687,664	$ 632,295

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts (in dollars)	$ 846	$ 428
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	40,000,000	40,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	13,123,811	12,854,773
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	12,731,248	12,479,741
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Treasury stock, shares (in shares)	392,563	375,032

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Net revenues	$ 152,786	$ 117,056	$ 285,459	$ 216,486
Cost of sales	121,908	93,643	231,543	175,296
Gross profit	30,878	23,413	53,916	41,190
Selling, general and administrative expense	12,702	11,782	23,654	23,144
Research and technical expense	1,047	944	2,020	1,849
Operating income	17,129	10,687	28,242	16,197
Nonoperating retirement benefit expense (income)	(365)	(1,088)	(731)	(2,176)
Interest income	(10)	(6)	(16)	(14)
Interest expense	1,865	514	3,366	814
Income before income taxes	15,639	11,267	25,623	17,573
Provision for income taxes	3,290	2,783	5,535	4,430
Net income	$ 12,349	$ 8,484	$ 20,088	$ 13,143
Net income per share:
Basic (dollars per share)	$ 0.98	$ 0.68	$ 1.59	$ 1.05
Diluted (dollars per share)	$ 0.96	$ 0.67	$ 1.56	$ 1.04
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding
Basic (in shares)	12,544,388	12,330,567	12,522,323	12,349,904
Diluted (in shares)	12,786,719	12,474,183	12,765,782	12,530,842
Dividends declared per common share (dollars per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.44	$ 0.44

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Net income (loss)	$ 12,349	$ 8,484	$ 20,088	$ 13,143
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Pension and postretirement	(393)	(1)	(786)	(1)
Foreign currency translation adjustment	1,935	(1,429)	7,739	(860)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,542	(1,430)	6,953	(861)
Comprehensive income	$ 13,891	$ 7,054	$ 27,041	$ 12,282

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Earnings	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Total
Balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 13	$ 262,057	$ 101,015	$ (7,423)	$ (12,341)	$ 343,321
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021	12,562,140
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)			13,143			13,143
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 and $0.22 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, and $0.44 and $0.44 per share for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)			(5,539)			(5,539)
Other comprehensive income (loss)					(861)	(861)
Exercise of stock options		224				224
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	6,533
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures) (in shares)	25,182
Vesting of restricted stock (in shares)	32,904
Purchase of treasury stock				(6,795)		(6,795)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)	(167,806)
Stock compensation		1,817				1,817
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 13	264,098	108,619	(14,218)	(13,202)	345,310
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022	12,458,953
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 13	263,126	102,865	(14,023)	(11,772)	340,209
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021	12,455,839
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)			8,484			8,484
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 and $0.22 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, and $0.44 and $0.44 per share for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)			(2,730)			(2,730)
Other comprehensive income (loss)					(1,430)	(1,430)
Exercise of stock options		109				109
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	2,883
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures) (in shares)	(6,522)
Vesting of restricted stock (in shares)	11,993
Purchase of treasury stock				(195)		(195)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)	(5,240)
Stock compensation		863				863
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 13	264,098	108,619	(14,218)	(13,202)	345,310
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022	12,458,953
Balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 13	266,193	135,040	(14,666)	(11,092)	375,488
Balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022	12,479,741
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)			20,088			20,088
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 and $0.22 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, and $0.44 and $0.44 per share for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)			(5,614)			(5,614)
Other comprehensive income (loss)					6,953	6,953
Exercise of stock options		8,228				8,228
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	218,576
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures) (in shares)	38,033
Vesting of restricted stock (in shares)	12,429
Purchase of treasury stock				(925)		(925)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)	(17,531)
Stock compensation		1,541				1,541
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 13	275,962	149,514	(15,591)	(4,139)	405,759
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	12,731,248
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 13	270,340	139,976	(15,504)	(5,681)	389,144
Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	12,597,607
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income (loss)			12,349			12,349
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 and $0.22 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, and $0.44 and $0.44 per share for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)			(2,811)			(2,811)
Other comprehensive income (loss)					1,542	1,542
Exercise of stock options		4,851				4,851
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	130,889
Issue restricted stock (less forfeitures) (in shares)	4,300
Purchase of treasury stock				(87)		(87)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)	(1,548)
Stock compensation		771				771
Balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 13	$ 275,962	$ 149,514	$ (15,591)	$ (4,139)	$ 405,759
Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	12,731,248

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Dividend paid (in dollars per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.44	$ 0.44

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 20,088	$ 13,143
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation	8,932	9,252
Amortization	216	322
Pension and post-retirement expense - U.S. and U.K.	1,306	1,100
Change in long-term obligations	(41)	(16)
Stock compensation expense	1,541	1,817
Deferred revenue	(1,250)	(1,250)
Deferred income taxes	231	4,009
Loss on disposition of property	65
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(1,134)	(17,830)
Inventories	(34,370)	(44,124)
Other assets	110	1,282
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(8,888)	598
Income taxes	(2,346)	(701)
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits	(4,187)	(4,411)
Net cash used in operating activities	(19,727)	(36,809)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property, plant and equipment	(7,292)	(7,729)
Net cash used in investing activities	(7,292)	(7,729)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Revolving credit facility borrowings	84,128	35,000
Revolving credit facility repayments	(50,849)	(13,500)
Dividends paid	(5,603)	(5,587)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	8,228	224
Payment for purchase of treasury stock	(925)	(6,795)
Payment for debt issuance cost	(245)
Payments on long-term obligations	(138)	(120)
Net cash provided by financing activities	34,596	9,222
Effect of exchange rates on cash	842	(208)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents:	8,419	(35,524)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period	8,440	47,726
End of period	16,859	12,202
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Interest (net of capitalized interest)	2,951	559
Income taxes paid, net	7,568	998
Capital expenditures incurred but not yet paid	1,159	632
Dividends declared but not yet paid	$ 210	$ 161

XML

Basis of Presentation

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

Note 1.  Basis of Presentation

Interim Financial Statements

The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), and such principles are applied on a basis consistent with information reflected in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC related to interim financial statements. In the opinion of management, the interim financial information includes all adjustments and accruals which are necessary for a fair presentation of results for the respective interim periods. The results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending September 30, 2023 or any other interim period.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Haynes International, Inc. and directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”).  All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.

XML

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Note 2.  Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848).  This new update provides optional expedients to ease the potential burden of accounting for the effects of reference rate reform as it pertains to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by the discontinuation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or by another reference rate expected to be discontinued.  These amendments are effective immediately and may be applied prospectively to modifications made or relationships entered into or evaluated on or before December 31, 2022.  This standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.  

XML

Revenues from Contracts with Customers

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Note 3.  Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Contract Balances

As of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, accounts receivable with customers were $95,340 and $100,575, respectively. Allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023 were $428 and $846, respectively, and are presented within accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Contract liabilities are recognized when the Company has received consideration from a customer to transfer goods or services at a future point in time when the Company performs under the purchase order or contract.  As of September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, contract liabilities of $10,329 and $9,079, respectively, for the Titanium Metals Corporation agreement, as described in Note 8 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statement have been recorded. Additionally, contract liabilities of $700 and $830, respectively, were recorded for accrued product returns.

Disaggregation of Revenue

Revenue is disaggregated by end-use markets.  The following table includes a breakdown of net revenues to the markets served by the Company for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023.

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Net revenues
Aerospace	$	52,918	$	66,612	$	101,373	$	131,130
Chemical processing		22,850		28,605		40,300		51,320
Industrial gas turbine		24,788		32,420		39,386		58,445
Other markets		9,755		17,550		24,242		32,272
Total product revenue		110,311		145,187		205,301		273,167
Other revenue		6,745		7,599		11,185		12,292
Net revenues	$	117,056	$	152,786	$	216,486	$	285,459

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Inventories

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Inventories

Inventories

Note 4.  Inventories

The following is a summary of the major classes of inventories:

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
Raw Materials	$	31,887	$	38,280
Work-in-process		226,572		232,392
Finished Goods		97,657		125,288
Other		1,440		1,521
	$	357,556	$	397,481

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Note 5.  Income Taxes

Income tax expense for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 differed from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0%, primarily due to state income taxes, differing tax rates on foreign earnings and discrete tax items that impacted income tax expense (benefit) in these periods.  The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was 21.0% on $15,639 of income before income taxes compared to 24.7% on income before income taxes of $11,267 for the three months ended March 31, 2022.  The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was 21.6% on $25,623 of income before income taxes compared to 25.2% on income before income taxes of $17,573 for the six months ended March 31, 2022.  

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Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

Note 6.  Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

Components of net periodic pension and post-retirement benefit cost for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,								Six Months Ended March 31,
	Pension Benefits				Other Benefits				Pension Benefits				Other Benefits
	2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023
Service cost	$	1,182	$	672	$	456	$	347	$	2,364	$	1,344	$	912	$	694
Interest cost		1,923		2,772		559		800		3,846		5,544		1,118		1,600
Expected return		(3,561)		(3,419)		—		—		(7,122)		(6,838)		—		—
Amortizations		51		51		(60)		(570)		102		102		(120)		(1,140)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	(405)	$	76	$	955	$	577	$	(810)	$	152	$	1,910	$	1,154

The Company contributed $3,000 to Company-sponsored U.S. pension plans and $1,141 to its other post-retirement benefit plans for the six months ended March 31, 2023. The Company expects to make contributions of $3,000 to its U.S. pension plan and $2,135 to its other post-retirement benefit plan for the remainder of fiscal 2023.    

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Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

Note 7.  Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

Legal

The Company is regularly involved in litigation, both as a plaintiff and as a defendant, relating to its business and operations, including environmental, commercial, asbestos, employment and federal and/or state Equal Employment Opportunity Commission administrative actions. Future expenditures for environmental, employment, intellectual property and other legal matters cannot be determined with any degree of certainty.

Environmental

The Company has received permits from the Indiana Department of Environmental Management and the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources to close and provide post-closure environmental monitoring and care for certain areas of its Kokomo, Indiana and Mountain Home, North Carolina facilities, respectively.  

The Company is required to, among other things, monitor groundwater and continue post-closure maintenance of the former disposal areas at each site. As a result, the Company is aware of elevated levels of certain contaminants in the groundwater, and additional testing and corrective action by the Company could be required.  The Company is unable to estimate the costs of any further corrective action at these sites, if required. Accordingly, the Company cannot assure that the costs of any future corrective action at these or any other current or former sites would not have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

As of both September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023, the Company has accrued $407 for post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities, of which $341 is included in long-term obligations as it is not due within one year.  Accruals for these costs are calculated by estimating the cost to monitor and maintain each post-closure site and multiplying that amount by the number of years remaining in the post-closure monitoring.

Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted) included in long-term obligations are as follows at March 31, 2023.  

Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted)
Year Ending September 30,
2024	$	82
2025		60
2026		58
2027		62
2028 and thereafter		79
	$	341

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Deferred Revenue

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Deferred Revenue

Deferred Revenue

Note 8.  Deferred Revenue

On November 17, 2006, the Company entered into a twenty-year agreement to provide conversion services to Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) for up to ten million pounds of titanium metal annually. TIMET paid the Company a $50,000 up-front fee and will also pay the Company for its processing services during the term of the agreement (20 years) at prices established by the terms of the agreement. TIMET may exercise an option to have ten million additional pounds of titanium converted annually, provided that it offers to loan up to $12,000 to the Company for certain capital expenditures which may be required to expand capacity. In addition to the volume commitment, the Company has granted TIMET a first priority security interest in its four-high Steckel rolling mill, along with rights of access if the Company enters into bankruptcy or defaults on any financing arrangements. The Company has agreed not to manufacture titanium products (other than cold reduced titanium tubing). The Company has also agreed not to provide titanium hot-rolling conversion services to any entity other than TIMET for the term of the Conversion Services Agreement.

The agreement contains certain default provisions which could result in contract termination and damages, including liquidated damages of $25,000 and the Company being required to return the unearned portion of the up-front fee. The Company considered each provision and the likelihood of the occurrence of a default that would result in liquidated damages. Based on the nature of the events that could trigger the liquidated damages clause, and the availability of the cure periods set forth in the agreement, the Company determined and continues to believe that none of these circumstances are reasonably likely to occur. Therefore, events resulting in liquidated damages have not been factored in as a reduction to the amount of revenue recognized over the life of the contract. The cash received of $50,000 is recognized in income on a straight-line basis over the 20-year term of the agreement. If an event of default

occurred and was not cured within any applicable grace period, the Company would recognize the impact of the liquidated damages in the period of default and re-evaluate revenue recognition under the contract for future periods. The portion of the up-front fee not recognized in income is shown as deferred revenue on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Note 9.  Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

The Company has goodwill, trademarks, customer relationships and other intangibles.  Customer relationships have a definite life and are amortized over a period of fifteen years.  The Company reviews customer relationships for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset.   If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset.  

Goodwill and trademarks (indefinite lived) are tested for impairment at least annually as of January 31 for goodwill and August 31 for trademarks (the annual impairment testing dates), and more frequently if impairment indicators exist.  If the carrying value of a trademark exceeds its fair value (determined using an income approach, based upon a discounted cash flow of an assumed royalty rate), impairment of the trademark may exist resulting in a charge to earnings to the extent of the impairment.  The impairment test for goodwill is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment loss in the event that the carrying amount is greater than the fair value.  Any goodwill impairment loss recognized would not exceed the total carrying amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.  No impairment has been recognized as of March 31, 2023 because the fair value exceeds the carrying values.  

During the first six months of fiscal 2023, there were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.  

Amortization of customer relationships and other intangibles was $118 and $90 for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively, and $322 and $216 for the six-month periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 respectively.  The following represents a summary of intangible assets at September 30, 2022 and March 31, 2023.

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
September 30, 2022	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,128)		972
Other		1,100		(963)		137
	$	7,000	$	(2,091)	$	4,909

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
March 31, 2023	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,193)		907
Other		348		(117)		231
	$	6,248	$	(1,310)	$	4,938

Estimated future Aggregate Amortization Expense:
Year Ending September 30,
2023	$	180
2024		241
2025		123
2026		120
2027		116
Thereafter		358

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Note 10.  Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The Company accounts for earnings per share using the two-class method. The two-class method is an earnings allocation that determines net income per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to participation rights in undistributed earnings. Non-vested restricted stock awards that include non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered participating securities.  Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The computation of diluted earnings per share is similar to basic earnings per share, except the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potentially dilutive common shares had been issued.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	March 31,						March 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	2022			2023			2022			2023
Numerator: Basic and Diluted
Net income	$	8,484		$	12,349		$	13,143		$	20,088
Dividends paid and accrued		(2,730)			(2,811)			(5,539)			(5,614)
Undistributed income (loss)		5,754			9,538			7,604			14,474
Percentage allocated to common shares (a)		99.0	%		99.2	%		99.0	%		99.2	%
Undistributed income (loss) allocated to common shares		5,697			9,463			7,525			14,361
Dividends paid on common shares outstanding		2,703			2,789			5,482			5,570
Net income available to common shares		8,400			12,252			13,007			19,931
Denominator: Basic and Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding		12,330,567			12,544,388			12,349,904			12,522,323
Adjustment for dilutive potential common shares		143,616			242,331			180,938			243,459
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted		12,474,183			12,786,719			12,530,842			12,765,782
Basic net income per share	$	0.68		$	0.98		$	1.05		$	1.59
Diluted net income per share	$	0.67		$	0.96		$	1.04		$	1.56
Number of stock option shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		306,752			214,890			271,806			223,565
Number of restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		56,296			40,899			58,818			43,824
Number of deferred restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		3,507			5,574			3,646			6,353
Number of performance share awards excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		51,326			41,400			72,059			42,280
(a) Percentage allocated to common shares - Weighted average
Common shares outstanding		12,330,567			12,544,388			12,349,904			12,522,323
Unvested participating shares		122,836			98,877			129,161			98,887
		12,453,403			12,643,265			12,479,065			12,621,210

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Stock-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 11.  Stock-Based Compensation

Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to restricted stock for the six months ended March 31, 2023:

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2022	96,536	$	33.23
Granted	29,059	$	49.19
Forfeited / Canceled	—	$	0.00
Vested	(35,692)	$	37.06
Unvested at March 31, 2023	89,903	$	36.87
Expected to vest	89,903	$	36.87

Compensation expense related to restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $352 and $340, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $744 and $646, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock at March 31,2023 was $2,022, to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.65 years.  During the first six months of fiscal 2023, the Company repurchased 17,531 shares of stock from employees at an average purchase price of $52.74 to satisfy required withholding taxes upon vesting of restricted stock-based compensation.

Deferred Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to deferred restricted stock for the six months ended March 31, 2023.  

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested and deferred at September 30, 2022	3,801	$	44.07
Granted	8,974	$	49.19
Vested and deferred	(3,801)	$	44.07
Unvested and deferred at March 31, 2023	8,974	$	49.19
Vested and deferred at March 31, 2023	21,351	$	31.32

Compensation expense related to deferred restricted stock for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $42 and $98, respectively and for the six months ended March 31,2022 and 2023 was $84 and $157. The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to deferred restricted stock at March 31, 2023 was $312, to be recognized over a weighted average period of  0.71 years.  

Performance Shares

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to performance shares for the six months ended March 31, 2023.  

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2022	76,420	$	41.37
Granted	19,555	$	69.39
Vested	(25,226)	$	42.83
Forfeited / Canceled	—	$	0.00
Unvested at March 31, 2023	70,749	$	48.60

During the first six months of fiscal 2023, 25,226 performance share awards vested which resulted in the issuance of 12,429 shares of stock to certain employees.  The Company repurchased 5,474 shares of stock from employees at an average purchase price of $52.41 to satisfy required withholding taxes upon release of performance share awards.  Compensation expense related to the performance shares for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $224 and $365, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $453 and $606, respectively.  The remaining unrecognized compensation expense related to performance shares at March 31, 2023 was $1,993 to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.61 years.

Stock Options

The Company has elected to use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value, which incorporates various assumptions including volatility, expected life, risk-free interest rates and dividend yields. The volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the stock option granted. The Company uses historical volatility because management believes such volatility is representative of prospective trends. The expected term of an award is based on historical exercise data. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based upon observed interest rates appropriate for the expected term of the awards.  The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectations regarding dividend payouts at the time of the grant.   The following assumptions were used for grants during fiscal year 2023:

	Fair		Dividend		Risk-free		Expected		Expected
Grant Date	Value		Yield		Interest Rate		Volatility		Life
February 7, 2023	$	22.70	1.65	%	3.81	%	51	%	5	years
November 22, 2022	$	20.52	1.80	%	3.97	%	51	%	5	years

The stock-based employee compensation expense for stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $245 and $186, respectively and for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 was $537 and $351, respectively.  The remaining unrecognized compensation expense at March 31, 2023 was $971, to be recognized over a weighted average vesting period of 1.57 years.    

The following table summarizes the activity under the 2007, 2016 and 2020 Incentive Compensation Plans with respect to stock options for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and provides information regarding outstanding stock options:

						Weighted
		Aggregate		Weighted		Average
		Intrinsic		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Value		Exercise		Contractual
	Shares	(000s)		Prices		Life
Outstanding at September 30, 2022	697,220			$	34.75
Granted	32,235			$	49.01
Exercised	(218,576)			$	37.90
Surrendered	(13,081)			$	47.96
Outstanding at March 31, 2023	497,798	$	8,045	$	33.94	6.75	yrs.
Vested or expected to vest	478,599	$	7,684	$	34.04	6.69	yrs.
Exercisable at March 31, 2023	399,672	$	6,739	$	33.23	6.30	yrs.

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Dividend

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Dividend

Dividend

Note 12.  Dividend

In the first and second quarters of fiscal 2023, the Company declared and paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock.  The first quarter dividend was paid on December 19, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on December 5, 2022 and the second quarter dividend was paid on March 15, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 1, 2023.  The dividend cash pay-outs were $2,796 and $2,807 for the first and second quarters of fiscal 2023.

On May 4, 2023, the Company announced that the Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.22 per outstanding share of the Company’s common stock.  The dividend is payable June 15, 2023 to stockholders of record at the close of business on June 1, 2023.

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Note 13.  Fair Value Measurements

The fair value hierarchy has three levels based on the inputs used to determine fair value.

● Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets that are unadjusted and accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

● Level 2 — Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or financial instruments for which significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3 — Prices or valuations that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

When available, the Company uses unadjusted quoted market prices to measure fair value. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally-developed models that use, where possible, current market-based or independently-sourced market parameters such as interest rates and currency rates. Items valued using internally-generated models are classified according to the lowest level input or value driver that is significant to the valuation.  The valuation model used depends on the specific asset or liability being valued.

Fixed income securities are held as individual bonds and are valued as either level 1 assets as they are quoted in active markets or level 2 assets.  U.S and International equities, and Other Investments held in the Company’s pension plan are held as individual bonds or in mutual funds and common / collective funds which are valued using net asset value (NAV) provided by the administrator of the fund.  The NAV is based on the value of the underlying assets owned by the fund, minus its liabilities, and then divided by the number of shares outstanding.  These investments are not classified in the fair value hierarchy in accordance with guidance included in ASU 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent).

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Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Note 14.  Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Comprehensive income (loss) includes changes in equity that result from transactions and economic events from non-owner sources. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) items, including pension, post-retirement and foreign currency translation adjustments, primarily caused by the strengthening or weakening of the U.S. dollar against the British pound sterling, net of tax when applicable.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2021	$	(14,745)	$	8,971	$	(5,998)	$	(11,772)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(1,429)		(1,429)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses (1)		9		(60)		—		(51)
Tax benefit		(16)		14		—		(2)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		45		(46)		(1,429)		(1,430)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2022	$	(17,121)	$	24,020	$	(12,580)	$	(5,681)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		1,935		1,935
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses (1)		7		(569)		—		(562)
Tax benefit		(13)		130		—		117
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		46		(439)		1,935		1,542
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2023	$	(17,075)	$	23,581	$	(10,645)	$	(4,139)
	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2021	$	(14,791)	$	9,017	$	(6,567)	$	(12,341)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(860)		(860)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses (1)		17		(120)		—		(103)
Tax provision (benefit)		(29)		28		—		(1)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		91		(92)		(860)		(861)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2022	$	(17,165)	$	24,457	$	(18,384)	$	(11,092)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		7,739		7,739
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses (1)		14		(1,139)		—		(1,125)
Tax provision (benefit)		(27)		263		—		236
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		90		(876)		7,739		6,953
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(17,075)	$	23,581	$	(10,645)	$	(4,139)

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

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Long-term Obligations

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Long-term Obligations

Long-term Obligations

Note 15.  Long-term Obligations

The following table sets forth the components of the Company’s Long-term obligations.  

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
Finance lease obligations	$	7,384	$	7,255
Environmental post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities		407		407
Long-term disability		210		200
Deferred dividends		199		210
Less amounts due within one year		(352)		(371)
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	$	7,848	$	7,701

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Debt

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt

Debt

Note 16.  Debt

U.S. revolving credit facility

On October 19, 2020, the Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) and related Pledge and Security Agreement with certain other lenders (the “Security Agreement”, and, together with the Credit Agreement, the “Credit Documents”).  The Credit Documents were subsequently amended to extend the maturity of the agreement to April 19, 2024 and switch from a LIBOR-based interest rate calculation to a SOFR-based interest rate calculation.  On October 7, 2022, the Company again amended the Credit Agreement to implement an accordion feature that increased the maximum borrowing amount from $100.0 million to $160.0 million, subject to a borrowing base and certain reserves.  

As of March 31, 2023, the amounts borrowed by the Company under the Credit Agreement totaled $108.0 million which is classified as long-term on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.  With the amendment executed on October 7, 2022, the Credit Agreement provides for revolving loans in the maximum amount of $160.0 million, subject to a borrowing base and certain reserves. The Credit Agreement has a remaining accordion which permits an increase in the maximum revolving loan amount from $160.0 million up to an aggregate amount of $170.0 million at the request of the borrower if certain conditions are met. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at either JPMorgan’s “prime rate”, plus 1.25% - 1.75% per annum, or the adjusted SOFR rate (SOFR plus 0.10%) determined by the lender, plus 2.25% - 2.75% per annum (with a SOFR floor of 0.5%).    

The Company must pay monthly, in arrears, a commitment fee of 0.425% per annum on the unused amount of the U.S. revolving credit facility total commitment. For letters of credit, the Company must pay a fronting fee of 0.125% per annum as well as customary fees for issuance, amendments and processing.

The Company is subject to certain covenants as to fixed charge coverage ratios and other customary covenants, including covenants restricting the incurrence of indebtedness, the granting of liens and the sale of assets. The covenant pertaining to fixed charge coverage ratios is only effective in the event the amount of excess availability under the revolver is less than the greater of (i) 12.5% of the maximum credit revolving loan amount and (ii) $12.5 million. The Company is permitted to pay dividends and repurchase common stock if certain financial metrics are met.  The Company may pay quarterly cash dividends up to $3.5 million per fiscal quarter so long as the Company is not in default under the Credit Documents.  As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with the covenants

of the Credit Agreement.  To the extent that we are in default under the Credit Agreement, the Company’s liquidity could be reduced due to potential restrictions on borrowings available to the Company.  

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by a pledge of substantially all of the U.S. assets of the Company, including the equity interests in its U.S. subsidiaries, but excluding the four-high Steckel rolling mill and related assets, which are pledged to Titanium Metals Corporation (“TIMET”) to secure the performance of the Company’s obligations under a Conversion Services Agreement with TIMET (see discussion of TIMET at Note 8). Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are also secured by a pledge of a 100% equity interest in each of the Company’s direct foreign subsidiaries.

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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

Note 17.  Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

The Company enters into foreign currency forward contracts to reduce income statement volatility resulting from foreign currency denominated transactions. The Company has not designated the contracts as hedges, therefore, changes in fair value are recognized in earnings.  All of these contracts are designed to be settled within the same fiscal quarter they are entered into and, accordingly, as of March 31, 2023, there were no contracts that remain unsettled.  As a result, there was no impact to the balance sheet from those contracts as of September 30, 2022 or March 31, 2023.  Foreign exchange contract gains and losses are recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations along with foreign currency transactional gains and losses as follows.

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Foreign currency transactional gain (loss)	$	510	$	(478)	$	290	$	(2,329)
Foreign exchange forward contract gain (loss)	$	(1,119)	$	113	$	(1,459)	$	1,986
Net gain (loss) included in selling, general and administrative expense	$	(609)	$	(365)	$	(1,169)	$	(343)

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Basis of Presentation (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Basis of Presentation

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Haynes International, Inc. and directly or indirectly wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”).  All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated.

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Revenues from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Revenues from Contracts with Customers

Schedule of disaggregation of revenue

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Net revenues
Aerospace	$	52,918	$	66,612	$	101,373	$	131,130
Chemical processing		22,850		28,605		40,300		51,320
Industrial gas turbine		24,788		32,420		39,386		58,445
Other markets		9,755		17,550		24,242		32,272
Total product revenue		110,311		145,187		205,301		273,167
Other revenue		6,745		7,599		11,185		12,292
Net revenues	$	117,056	$	152,786	$	216,486	$	285,459

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Inventories (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Inventories

Summary of major classes of inventories

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
Raw Materials	$	31,887	$	38,280
Work-in-process		226,572		232,392
Finished Goods		97,657		125,288
Other		1,440		1,521
	$	357,556	$	397,481

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Pension and Post-retirement Benefits (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Pension and Post-retirement Benefits

Schedule of components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost

	Three Months Ended March 31,								Six Months Ended March 31,
	Pension Benefits				Other Benefits				Pension Benefits				Other Benefits
	2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023
Service cost	$	1,182	$	672	$	456	$	347	$	2,364	$	1,344	$	912	$	694
Interest cost		1,923		2,772		559		800		3,846		5,544		1,118		1,600
Expected return		(3,561)		(3,419)		—		—		(7,122)		(6,838)		—		—
Amortizations		51		51		(60)		(570)		102		102		(120)		(1,140)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	(405)	$	76	$	955	$	577	$	(810)	$	152	$	1,910	$	1,154

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Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies

Schedule of expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted)

Expected maturities of post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities (discounted)
Year Ending September 30,
2024	$	82
2025		60
2026		58
2027		62
2028 and thereafter		79
	$	341

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Summary of finite-lived intangible assets

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
September 30, 2022	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,128)		972
Other		1,100		(963)		137
	$	7,000	$	(2,091)	$	4,909

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
March 31, 2023	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,193)		907
Other		348		(117)		231
	$	6,248	$	(1,310)	$	4,938

Schedule of indefinite-lived intangible assets

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
September 30, 2022	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,128)		972
Other		1,100		(963)		137
	$	7,000	$	(2,091)	$	4,909

	Gross		Accumulated		Carrying
March 31, 2023	Amount		Amortization		Amount
Trademarks	$	3,800	$	—	$	3,800
Customer relationships		2,100		(1,193)		907
Other		348		(117)		231
	$	6,248	$	(1,310)	$	4,938

Schedule of estimated future aggregate amortization expense

Estimated future Aggregate Amortization Expense:
Year Ending September 30,
2023	$	180
2024		241
2025		123
2026		120
2027		116
Thereafter		358

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Schedule of basic and diluted net earnings (losses) per share

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	March 31,						March 31,
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	2022			2023			2022			2023
Numerator: Basic and Diluted
Net income	$	8,484		$	12,349		$	13,143		$	20,088
Dividends paid and accrued		(2,730)			(2,811)			(5,539)			(5,614)
Undistributed income (loss)		5,754			9,538			7,604			14,474
Percentage allocated to common shares (a)		99.0	%		99.2	%		99.0	%		99.2	%
Undistributed income (loss) allocated to common shares		5,697			9,463			7,525			14,361
Dividends paid on common shares outstanding		2,703			2,789			5,482			5,570
Net income available to common shares		8,400			12,252			13,007			19,931
Denominator: Basic and Diluted
Weighted average common shares outstanding		12,330,567			12,544,388			12,349,904			12,522,323
Adjustment for dilutive potential common shares		143,616			242,331			180,938			243,459
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted		12,474,183			12,786,719			12,530,842			12,765,782
Basic net income per share	$	0.68		$	0.98		$	1.05		$	1.59
Diluted net income per share	$	0.67		$	0.96		$	1.04		$	1.56
Number of stock option shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		306,752			214,890			271,806			223,565
Number of restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		56,296			40,899			58,818			43,824
Number of deferred restricted stock shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		3,507			5,574			3,646			6,353
Number of performance share awards excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive		51,326			41,400			72,059			42,280
(a) Percentage allocated to common shares - Weighted average
Common shares outstanding		12,330,567			12,544,388			12,349,904			12,522,323
Unvested participating shares		122,836			98,877			129,161			98,887
		12,453,403			12,643,265			12,479,065			12,621,210

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Stock-Based Compensation

Summary of activity under the restricted stock plan

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2022	96,536	$	33.23
Granted	29,059	$	49.19
Forfeited / Canceled	—	$	0.00
Vested	(35,692)	$	37.06
Unvested at March 31, 2023	89,903	$	36.87
Expected to vest	89,903	$	36.87

Summary of activity under the deferred restricted stock plan

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested and deferred at September 30, 2022	3,801	$	44.07
Granted	8,974	$	49.19
Vested and deferred	(3,801)	$	44.07
Unvested and deferred at March 31, 2023	8,974	$	49.19
Vested and deferred at March 31, 2023	21,351	$	31.32

Summary of activity under the 2016 Incentive Compensation Plan with respect to performance shares

		Weighted
		Average Fair
	Number of	Value At
	Shares	Grant Date
Unvested at September 30, 2022	76,420	$	41.37
Granted	19,555	$	69.39
Vested	(25,226)	$	42.83
Forfeited / Canceled	—	$	0.00
Unvested at March 31, 2023	70,749	$	48.60

Schedule of fair value assumptions used for grants under the stock option plan

	Fair		Dividend		Risk-free		Expected		Expected
Grant Date	Value		Yield		Interest Rate		Volatility		Life
February 7, 2023	$	22.70	1.65	%	3.81	%	51	%	5	years
November 22, 2022	$	20.52	1.80	%	3.97	%	51	%	5	years

Summary of activity under the stock option plans

						Weighted
		Aggregate		Weighted		Average
		Intrinsic		Average		Remaining
	Number of	Value		Exercise		Contractual
	Shares	(000s)		Prices		Life
Outstanding at September 30, 2022	697,220			$	34.75
Granted	32,235			$	49.01
Exercised	(218,576)			$	37.90
Surrendered	(13,081)			$	47.96
Outstanding at March 31, 2023	497,798	$	8,045	$	33.94	6.75	yrs.
Vested or expected to vest	478,599	$	7,684	$	34.04	6.69	yrs.
Exercisable at March 31, 2023	399,672	$	6,739	$	33.23	6.30	yrs.

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Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component

Schedule of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2021	$	(14,745)	$	8,971	$	(5,998)	$	(11,772)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(1,429)		(1,429)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses (1)		9		(60)		—		(51)
Tax benefit		(16)		14		—		(2)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		45		(46)		(1,429)		(1,430)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of December 31, 2022	$	(17,121)	$	24,020	$	(12,580)	$	(5,681)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		1,935		1,935
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		52		—		—		52
Actuarial losses (1)		7		(569)		—		(562)
Tax benefit		(13)		130		—		117
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		46		(439)		1,935		1,542
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2023	$	(17,075)	$	23,581	$	(10,645)	$	(4,139)
	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2021	$	(14,791)	$	9,017	$	(6,567)	$	(12,341)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		(860)		(860)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses (1)		17		(120)		—		(103)
Tax provision (benefit)		(29)		28		—		(1)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		91		(92)		(860)		(861)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(14,700)	$	8,925	$	(7,427)	$	(13,202)

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Pension		Postretirement		Foreign
	Plan		Plan		Exchange		Total
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of September 30, 2022	$	(17,165)	$	24,457	$	(18,384)	$	(11,092)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		—		—		7,739		7,739
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items (1)		103		—		—		103
Actuarial losses (1)		14		(1,139)		—		(1,125)
Tax provision (benefit)		(27)		263		—		236
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		90		(876)		7,739		6,953
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of March 31, 2022	$	(17,075)	$	23,581	$	(10,645)	$	(4,139)

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

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Long-term Obligations (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Long-term Obligations

Schedule of long-term obligations

	September 30,		March 31,
	2022		2023
Finance lease obligations	$	7,384	$	7,255
Environmental post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities		407		407
Long-term disability		210		200
Deferred dividends		199		210
Less amounts due within one year		(352)		(371)
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	$	7,848	$	7,701

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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

Schedule of foreign exchange hedging gains and losses

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2022		2023		2022		2023
Foreign currency transactional gain (loss)	$	510	$	(478)	$	290	$	(2,329)
Foreign exchange forward contract gain (loss)	$	(1,119)	$	113	$	(1,459)	$	1,986
Net gain (loss) included in selling, general and administrative expense	$	(609)	$	(365)	$	(1,169)	$	(343)

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Revenues from Contracts with Customers - Other Information (Details) $ in Thousands, lb in Millions		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 17, 2006 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) lb	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Revenues from Contracts with Customers
Accounts receivable, gross		$ 100,575	$ 95,340
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts		846	428
Contract liabilities		9,079	10,329
Estimated product returns		$ 830	$ 700
Conversion Services Arrangement
Revenues from Contracts with Customers
Revenue recognition period		20 years
Advance payments received	$ 50,000
Conversion Services Arrangement | Maximum
Revenues from Contracts with Customers
Annual volume of titanium metal to be converted (in pounds) | lb		10

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Revenues from Contracts with Customers - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	$ 152,786	$ 117,056	$ 285,459	$ 216,486
Product
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	145,187	110,311	273,167	205,301
Aerospace
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	66,612	52,918	131,130	101,373
Chemical processing
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	28,605	22,850	51,320	40,300
Industrial gas turbine
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	32,420	24,788	58,445	39,386
Other markets
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	17,550	9,755	32,272	24,242
Others
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Net revenues	$ 7,599	$ 6,745	$ 12,292	$ 11,185

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Inventories (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Inventories
Raw Materials	$ 38,280	$ 31,887
Work-in-process	232,392	226,572
Finished Goods	125,288	97,657
Other	1,521	1,440
Total	$ 397,481	$ 357,556

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Income Taxes
Statutory federal tax rate (as a percent)	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Effective tax rate (as a percent)	21.00%	24.70%	21.60%	25.20%
Income (loss) before income taxes	$ 15,639	$ 11,267	$ 25,623	$ 17,573

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Pension and Post-retirement Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Pension Plan and Retirement Benefits
Service cost	$ 672	$ 1,182	$ 1,344	$ 2,364
Interest cost	2,772	1,923	5,544	3,846
Expected return	(3,419)	(3,561)	(6,838)	(7,122)
Amortizations	51	51	102	102
Net periodic benefit cost	76	(405)	152	(810)
Contribution to plan			3,000
Expected future employer contribution	3,000		3,000
Defined Benefit Other Postretirement Benefit Plan
Pension Plan and Retirement Benefits
Service cost	347	456	694	912
Interest cost	800	559	1,600	1,118
Amortizations	(570)	(60)	(1,140)	(120)
Net periodic benefit cost	577	$ 955	1,154	$ 1,910
Contribution to plan			1,141
Expected future employer contribution	$ 2,135		$ 2,135

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Legal, Environmental and Other Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Environmental post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities	$ 407	$ 407
Maturities of long-term obligations (discounted)
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	341	$ 407
Long Term Obligations
Maturities of long-term obligations (discounted)
2024	82
2025	60
2026	58
2027	62
2028 and thereafter	79
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	$ 341

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Deferred Revenue (Details) - Conversion Services Arrangement $ in Thousands, lb in Millions		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 17, 2006 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) lb
Deferred revenue
Term of agreement to provide conversion services	20 years
Up-front/advance payment received	$ 50,000
Up Front Fees Received	$ 50,000
Additional volume of titanium metal to be converted on exercise of option by service receiver (in pounds) | lb		10
Liquidated damages		$ 25,000
Revenue recognition period		20 years
Maximum
Deferred revenue
Annual volume of titanium metal to be converted (in pounds) | lb		10
Amount of loan offered by counterparty		$ 12,000

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net - Overview (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
Goodwill impairment loss	$ 0
Change to goodwill	$ 0
Customer relationships
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net
Useful life	15 years

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net - Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Intangible Assets
Amortization of customer relationships, patents, non-competes and other intangibles	$ 90	$ 118	$ 216	$ 322
Total intangible assets, Gross Amount	6,248		6,248		$ 7,000
Finite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization	(1,310)		(1,310)		(2,091)
Carrying Amount	4,938		4,938		4,909
Customer relationships
Intangible Assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross	2,100		2,100		2,100
Finite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization	(1,193)		(1,193)		(1,128)
Finite-lived intangible assets, Carrying Amount	907		907		972
Other Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross	348		348		1,100
Finite-lived intangible assets, Accumulated Amortization	(117)		(117)		(963)
Finite-lived intangible assets, Carrying Amount	231		231		137
Trademarks
Intangible Assets
Indefinite-lived intangible assets	$ 3,800		$ 3,800		$ 3,800

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net - Amortization Expense (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Estimate of Aggregate Amortization Expense:
2023	$ 180
2024	241
2025	123
2026	120
2027	116
Thereafter	$ 358

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Computation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Numerator: Basic and Diluted
Net income - Basic	$ 12,349	$ 8,484	$ 20,088	$ 13,143
Net income - Diluted	12,349	8,484	20,088	13,143
Dividends paid and accrued ($0.22 and $0.22 per share for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, and $0.44 and $0.44 per share for the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023, respectively)	(2,811)	(2,730)	(5,614)	(5,539)
Undistributed income (loss) - Basic	9,538	5,754	14,474	7,604
Undistributed income (loss) - Diluted	$ 9,538	$ 5,754	$ 14,474	$ 7,604
Percentage allocated to common shares	99.20%	99.00%	99.20%	99.00%
Undistributed income (loss) allocated to common shares - Basic	$ 9,463	$ 5,697	$ 14,361	$ 7,525
Undistributed income (loss) allocated to common shares - Diluted	9,463	5,697	14,361	7,525
Dividends paid on common shares outstanding	2,789	2,703	5,570	5,482
Net income available to common shares - Basic	12,252	8,400	19,931	13,007
Net income available to common shares - Diluted	$ 12,252	$ 8,400	$ 19,931	$ 13,007
Denominator: Basic and Diluted
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic (in shares)	12,544,388	12,330,567	12,522,323	12,349,904
Adjustment for dilutive potential common shares (in shares)	242,331	143,616	243,459	180,938
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted (in shares)	12,786,719	12,474,183	12,765,782	12,530,842
Basic net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.98	$ 0.68	$ 1.59	$ 1.05
Diluted net income per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.96	$ 0.67	$ 1.56	$ 1.04

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Anti-dilutive Securities (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Employee and Directors Stock Options
Antidilutive securities
Number of shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive	214,890	306,752	223,565	271,806
Restricted Stock
Antidilutive securities
Number of shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive	40,899	56,296	43,824	58,818
Deferred Restricted Stock
Antidilutive securities
Number of shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive	5,574	3,507	6,353	3,646
Performance Shares
Antidilutive securities
Number of shares excluded as their effect would be anti-dilutive	41,400	51,326	42,280	72,059

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Weighted Average Common Shares (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Percentage allocated to common shares - weighted average
Weighted average shares outstanding - Basic (in shares)	12,544,388	12,330,567	12,522,323	12,349,904
Unvested participating shares	98,877	122,836	98,887	129,161
Total	12,643,265	12,453,403	12,621,210	12,479,065

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Stock-Based Compensation - Restricted Stock Plan and Performance Shares (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Restricted Stock | 2009 Restricted Stock Plan
Restricted stock plan activity, number of shares
Unvested and deferred at beginning of the period (in shares)			96,536
Granted (in shares)			29,059
Vested and deferred (in shares)			(35,692)
Unvested and deferred at end of the period (in shares)	89,903		89,903
Expected to vest (in shares)	89,903		89,903
Restricted stock plan activity, Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date
Unvested and deferred at beginning of the period (in dollars per share)			$ 33.23
Granted (in dollars per share)			49.19
Forfeited / Canceled (in dollars per share)			0.00
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			37.06
Unvested and deferred at end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 36.87		36.87
Expected to vest (in dollars per share)	$ 36.87		$ 36.87
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, number of shares
Vested (in shares)			35,692
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			$ 37.06
Restricted stock plan activity, other disclosures
Compensation expense	$ 340	$ 352	$ 646	$ 744
Remaining unrecognized compensation expense	$ 2,022		$ 2,022
Weighted average period for recognition			1 year 7 months 24 days
Restricted Stock | 2009 Restricted Stock Plan | Employee
Restricted stock plan activity, other disclosures
Repurchase of stock from employees (in shares)			17,531
Average purchase price (in dollars per share)	$ 52.74		$ 52.74
Deferred Restricted Stock | 2016 Restricted Stock Plan
Restricted stock plan activity, number of shares
Vested and deferred (in shares)			(21,351)
Restricted stock plan activity, Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			$ 31.32
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, number of shares
Outstanding at beginning of period (in shares)			3,801
Granted (in shares)			8,974
Vested and deferred (in shares)			(3,801)
Outstanding at end of period (in shares)	8,974		8,974
Vested (in shares)			21,351
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date
Outstanding at beginning of period (in dollars per share)			$ 44.07
Granted (in dollars per share)			49.19
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			44.07
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 49.19		49.19
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			$ 31.32
Restricted stock plan activity, other disclosures
Compensation expense	$ 98	42	$ 157	84
Remaining unrecognized compensation expense	312		$ 312
Weighted average period for recognition			8 months 15 days
Performance Shares
Stock-Based Compensation
Remaining unrecognized compensation expense	$ 1,993		$ 1,993
Restricted stock plan activity, number of shares
Unvested and deferred at beginning of the period (in shares)			76,420
Granted (in shares)			19,555
Vested and deferred (in shares)			(25,226)
Unvested and deferred at end of the period (in shares)	70,749		70,749
Restricted stock plan activity, Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date
Unvested and deferred at beginning of the period (in dollars per share)			$ 41.37
Granted (in dollars per share)			69.39
Forfeited / Canceled (in dollars per share)			0.00
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			42.83
Unvested and deferred at end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 48.60		$ 48.60
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, number of shares
Vested (in shares)			25,226
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, Weighted Average Fair Value at Grant Date
Vested and deferred (in dollars per share)			$ 42.83
Restricted stock plan activity, other disclosures
Compensation expense	$ 365	$ 224	$ 606	$ 453
Weighted average period for recognition			1 year 7 months 9 days
Repurchase of stock from employees (in shares)			5,474
Average purchase price (in dollars per share)	$ 52.41		$ 52.41
Performance Shares | Certain Employees
Restricted stock plan activity, number of shares
Vested and deferred (in shares)			(12,429)
Deferred Restricted Stock plan activity, number of shares
Vested (in shares)			12,429

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Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Option Plans (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Feb. 07, 2023	Nov. 22, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Fair value assumptions
Fair Value (in dollars per share)	$ 22.70	$ 20.52
Dividend Yield (as a percent)	1.65%	1.80%
Risk-Free Interest Rate (as a percent)	3.81%	3.97%
Expected Volatility (as a percent)	51.00%	51.00%
Expected Life	5 years	5 years
Employee and Directors Stock Options
Fair value assumptions
Stock-based employee compensation expense			$ 186	$ 245	$ 351	$ 537
Remaining unrecognized compensation expense			$ 971		$ 971
Weighted average period for recognition					1 year 6 months 25 days
Activity under stock option plans, number of shares
Outstanding at beginning of the period (in shares)					697,220
Granted (in shares)					32,235
Exercised (in shares)					(218,576)
Canceled (in shares)					(13,081)
Outstanding at end of the period (in shares)			497,798		497,798
Vested or expected to vest (in shares)			478,599		478,599
Exercisable at end of period (in shares)			399,672		399,672
Outstanding at end of period, Aggregate Intrinsic Value			$ 8,045		$ 8,045
Vested or expected to vest, Aggregate Intrinsic Value			7,684		7,684
Exercisable at end of the period, Aggregate Intrinsic Value			$ 6,739		$ 6,739
Weighted Average Exercise Prices
Outstanding at beginning of the period (in dollars per share)					$ 34.75
Granted (in dollars per share)					49.01
Exercised (in dollars per share)					37.90
Surrendered (in dollars per share)					47.96
Outstanding at end of period (in dollars per share)			$ 33.94		33.94
Vested or expected to vest (in dollars per share)			34.04		34.04
Exercisable at end of the period (in dollars per share)			$ 33.23		$ 33.23
Outstanding at end of the period, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life					6 years 9 months
Vested or expected to vest, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life					6 years 8 months 8 days
Exercisable at end of the period, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life					6 years 3 months 18 days

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Dividend (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	May 04, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Common stock dividend
Dividend declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.22	$ 0.22		$ 0.22	$ 0.44	$ 0.44
Dividend paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.22	$ 0.44	$ 0.44
Dividends paid		$ 2,807	$ 2,796		$ 5,603	$ 5,587

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Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by Component - Other (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance	$ 389,144	$ 340,209	$ 375,488	$ 343,321
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,542	(1,430)	6,953	(861)
Balance	405,759	345,310	405,759	345,310
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance	(5,681)	(11,772)	(11,092)	(12,341)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1,935	(1,429)	7,739	(860)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), Tax provision (benefit)	117	(2)	236	(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,542	(1,430)	6,953	(861)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(4,139)
Balance	(4,139)	(13,202)	(4,139)	(13,202)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance	(17,121)	(14,745)	(17,165)	(14,791)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), Tax provision (benefit)	(13)	(16)	(27)	(29)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	46	45	90	91
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(17,075)
Balance	(17,075)	(14,700)	(17,075)	(14,700)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Defined Benefit Other Postretirement Benefit Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance	24,020	8,971	24,457	9,017
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), Tax provision (benefit)	130	14	263	28
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(439)	(46)	(876)	(92)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	23,581
Balance	23,581	8,925	23,581	8,925
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	52	52	103	103
Amortization of Pension and Postretirement Plan items | Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	52	52	103	103
Actuarial losses
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(562)	(51)	(1,125)	(103)
Actuarial losses | Defined Benefit Pension Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	7	9	14	17
Actuarial losses | Defined Benefit Other Postretirement Benefit Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(569)	(60)	(1,139)	(120)
Accumulated Translation Adjustment
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance	(12,580)	(5,998)	(18,384)	(6,567)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1,935	(1,429)	7,739	(860)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,935	(1,429)	7,739	(860)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(10,645)
Balance	$ (10,645)	$ (7,427)	$ (10,645)	$ (7,427)

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Long-term Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Long-term obligations (less current portion)
Finance lease obligations	$ 7,255	$ 7,384
Environmental post-closure monitoring and maintenance activities	407	407
Long-term disability	200	210
Deferred dividends	210	199
Less amounts due within one year	(371)	(352)
Long-term obligations (less current portion)	$ 7,701	$ 7,848

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Debt - US Revolving Credit Facility (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Oct. 19, 2020	Mar. 31, 2023	Oct. 07, 2022	Oct. 06, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Debt
Revolving credit facilities - Long-term		$ 108,000			$ 74,721
Credit Agreement
Debt
Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 160,000	$ 100,000
Outstanding balance		$ 108,000
Increased maximum revolving loan amount at the request of the borrowers			$ 170,000
Commitment fee (as a percent)	0.425%
Excess availability, percentage, maximum	12.50%
Excess availability, amount, maximum	$ 12,500
Maximum quarterly amount of dividends which the Company may pay if in compliance with financial covenants	$ 3,500
Percentage of equity interest in direct foreign subsidiaries pledged as collateral for borrowings	100.00%
Credit Agreement | SOFR
Debt
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)	0.10%
Floor rate (as a percent)	0.50%
Credit Agreement | Minimum | Prime rate
Debt
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)	1.25%
Credit Agreement | Minimum | Eurodollar rate
Debt
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)	2.25%
Credit Agreement | Maximum | Prime rate
Debt
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)	1.75%
Credit Agreement | Maximum | Eurodollar rate
Debt
Basis spread on variable rate (as a percent)	2.75%
Letter of Credit [Member]
Debt
Fronting fee (as a percent)	0.125%

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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts (Details) - Selling, General and Administrative Expenses - Not Designated as Hedging Instrument - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Foreign currency balance sheet hedging
Foreign currency net gain (loss)	$ (365)	$ (609)	$ (343)	$ (1,169)
Foreign Currency Transaction
Foreign currency balance sheet hedging
Foreign currency net gain (loss)	(478)	510	(2,329)	290
Foreign Exchange Forward
Foreign currency balance sheet hedging
Foreign currency net gain (loss)	$ 113	$ (1,119)	$ 1,986	$ (1,459)