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Stock-based Compensation
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2013
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-based Compensation
Stock-based Compensation. Stock-based compensation expense before income taxes for the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2013 and 2012 consisted of the following (in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
2013
 
2012
 
2013
 
2012
Cost of goods sold
$
26

 
$
59

 
$
80

 
$
141

Research and development
24

 
35

 
49

 
67

Selling, general, and administrative
274

 
376

 
654

 
817

Stock-based compensation expense before income taxes
$
324

 
$
470

 
$
783

 
$
1,025



As of June 30, 2013, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options, net of expected forfeitures, was approximately $4.4 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.4 years.

During the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2013, we granted awards representing 125,000 and 175,000 shares, respectively, of our common stock. During the three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2012, we granted awards representing 120,000 shares of common stock. We use the Black-Scholes methodology to value the stock-based compensation expense for options. In applying the Black-Scholes methodology to our outstanding option grants, we used the following assumptions:

 
Six Months Ended
 
June 30,
 
2013
 
2012
Risk-free interest rate
0.65% - 1.16%
 
0.95%
Expected option life
4.2 - 6.0 years
 
6.0 years
Expected dividend yield
 
Expected price volatility
40.20% - 41.67%
 
42.01%


For purposes of the foregoing analysis, the average risk-free interest rate is determined using the U.S. Treasury rate in effect as of the date of grant, based on the expected term of the stock option. The expected term of the stock options is determined using the historical exercise behavior of employees. The expected price volatility is determined using a weighted average of daily historical volatility of our stock price over the corresponding expected option life and implied volatility based on recent trends of the daily historical volatility. For options with a vesting period, compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period, which corresponds to the vesting period.