LOANS

Loans consist of the following:



	June 30, 2019										December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	PCI		All other loans**			Total			%of Gross Loans		PCI		All other loans**			Total			%of Gross Loans
Commercial real estate	$	1,725	$	916,223		$	917,948		66.18	%	$	1,785	$	876,231		$	878,016		65.18	%
Residential first mortgages	451		156,219			156,670			11.29	%	466		156,243			156,709			11.63	%
Residential rentals	327		121,663			121,990			8.79	%	897		123,401			124,298			9.23	%
Construction and land development	—		35,662			35,662			2.57	%	—		29,705			29,705			2.21	%
Home equity and second mortgages	269		35,597			35,866			2.59	%	72		35,489			35,561			2.64	%
Commercial loans	—		67,617			67,617			4.87	%	—		71,680			71,680			5.32	%
Consumer loans	—		967			967			0.07	%	—		751			751			0.06	%
Commercial equipment	—		50,466			50,466			3.64	%	—		50,202			50,202			3.73	%
Gross loans	2,772		1,384,414			1,387,186			100.00	%	3,220		1,343,702			1,346,922			100.00	%
Net deferred costs	—		1,363			1,363			0.10	%	—		1,183			1,183			0.09	%
Total loans, net of deferred costs	$	2,772	$	1,385,777		$	1,388,549				$	3,220	$	1,344,885		$	1,348,105
Less: allowance for loan losses	—		(10,918		)	(10,918		)	(0.79	)%	—		(10,976		)	(10,976		)	(0.81	)%
Net loans	$	2,772	$	1,374,859		$	1,377,631				$	3,220	$	1,333,909		$	1,337,129

______________________________________

** All other loans include acquired Non-PCI pools.

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Bank’s allowance for loan losses totaled $10.9 million and $11.0 million, or 0.79% and 0.81%, respectively, of loan balances. Management’s determination of the adequacy of the allowance is based on a periodic evaluation of the portfolio with consideration given to the overall loss experience, current economic conditions, size, growth and composition of the loan portfolio, financial condition of the borrowers and other relevant factors that, in management’s judgment, warrant recognition in providing an adequate allowance.

Net deferred loan costs of $1.4 million at June 30, 2019 included deferred fees paid by customers of $3.2 million offset by deferred costs of $4.6 million, which include premiums paid for the purchase of residential first mortgages and deferred costs recorded in accordance with ASC 310-20 to capture loan origination costs. Net deferred loan costs of $1.2 million at December 31, 2018 included deferred fees paid by customers of $3.1 million offset by deferred costs of $4.3 million.

Risk Characteristics of Portfolio Segments

Concentrations of Credit - Loans are primarily made within the Company’s operating footprint of Southern Maryland, Annapolis, Maryland and the greater Fredericksburg area of Virginia. Real estate loans can be affected by the condition of the local real estate market. Commercial and industrial loans can be affected by the local economic conditions. The commercial loan portfolio has concentrations in business loans secured by real estate and real estate development loans. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had no loans outstanding with foreign entities.

The Company manages its credit products and exposure to credit losses (credit risk) by the following specific portfolio segments (classes), which are levels at which the Company develops and documents its allowance for loan loss methodology. These segments are:

Commercial Real Estate (“CRE”)

Commercial and other real estate projects include office buildings, retail locations, churches, other special purpose buildings and commercial construction. Commercial construction balances were 8.3% and 5.9% of the CRE portfolio at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Bank offers both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate loans under these product lines. The primary security on a commercial real estate loan is the real property and the leases that produce income for the real property. Loans secured by commercial real estate are generally limited to 80% of the lower of the appraised value or sales price at origination and have an initial contractual loan payment period ranging from three to 20 years.

Loans secured by commercial real estate are larger and involve greater risks than one-to four-family residential mortgage loans. Because payments on loans secured by such properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties, repayment of such loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the real estate market or the economy.

Residential First Mortgages

Residential first mortgage loans are generally long-term loans, amortized on a monthly basis, with principal and interest due each month. The contractual loan payment period for residential loans typically ranges from ten to 30 years. The Bank’s experience indicates that real estate loans remain outstanding for significantly shorter time periods than their contractual terms. Borrowers may refinance or prepay loans at their option, without penalty. The Bank’s residential portfolio has both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate residential first mortgages. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018, the Bank purchased residential first mortgages of $15.3 million and $11.0 million, respectively.

The annual and lifetime limitations on interest rate adjustments may limit the increases in interest rates on these loans. There are also credit risks resulting from potential increased costs to the borrower as a result of repricing of adjustable-rate mortgage loans. During periods of rising interest rates, the risk of default on adjustable-rate mortgage loans may increase due to the upward adjustment of interest cost to the borrower. The Bank’s adjustable rate residential first mortgage portfolio was $54.5 million or 3.9% of total gross loans of $1.39 billion at June 30, 2019 compared to $54.2 million or 4.0% of total gross loans of $1.35 billion at December 31, 2018.

Residential Rentals

Residential rental mortgage loans are amortizing, with principal and interest due each month. The loans are secured by income-producing 1‑4 family units and apartments. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, $93.3 million and $96.6 million, respectively, were 1‑4 family units and $28.7 million and $27.7 million, respectively, were apartment buildings or multi-family units. Loans secured by residential rental properties are generally limited to 80% of the lower of the appraised value or sales price at origination and have an initial contractual loan payment period ranging from three to 20 years. The primary security on a residential rental loan is the property and the leases that produce income. During periods of rising interest rates, the risk of default on adjustable-rate mortgage loans may increase due to the upward adjustment of interest cost to the borrower. The Bank’s adjustable rate residential rental portfolio was $97.8 million or 7.1% of total gross loans of 1.39 billion at June 30, 2019 compared to $97.4 million or 7.2% of total gross loans of $1.35 billion at December 31, 2018.

Loans secured by residential rental properties involve greater risks than 1‑4 family residential mortgage loans. Although, there are similar risk characteristics shared with commercial real estate loans, the balances for the loans secured by residential rental properties are generally smaller. Because payments on loans secured by residential rental properties are often dependent on the successful operation or management of the properties, repayment of these loans may be subject to adverse conditions in the rental real estate market or the economy to a greater extent than similar owner-occupied properties.

Construction and Land Development

The Bank offers loans for the construction of one-to-four family dwellings. Generally, these loans are secured by the real estate under construction as well as by guarantees of the principals involved. In addition, the Bank offers loans to acquire and develop land, as well as loans on undeveloped, subdivided lots for home building.

A decline in demand for new housing might adversely affect the ability of borrowers to repay these loans. Construction and land development loans are inherently riskier than financing owner-occupied real estate. The Bank’s risk of loss is affected by the accuracy of the initial estimate of the market value of the completed project as well as the accuracy of the cost estimates made to complete the project. In addition, the volatility of the real estate market has made it increasingly difficult to ensure that the valuation of land associated with these loans is accurate. During the construction phase, a number of factors could result in delays and cost overruns. If the estimate of construction costs proves to be inaccurate, the Bank may be required to advance funds beyond the amount originally committed to permit completion of the development. If the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, a project’s value might be insufficient to assure full repayment. As a result of these factors, construction lending often involves the disbursement of substantial funds with repayment dependent, in part, on the success of the project rather than the ability of the borrower or guarantor to repay principal and interest. If the Bank forecloses on a project, there can be no assurance that the Bank will be able to recover all of the unpaid balance of, and accrued interest on, the loan as well as related foreclosure and holding costs.

Home Equity and Second Mortgage Loans

The Bank maintains a portfolio of home equity and second mortgage loans. These products contain a higher risk of default than residential first mortgages as in the event of foreclosure, the first mortgage would need to be paid off prior to collection of the second mortgage. Although residential real estate values have increased over the last several years, default risks remain heightened as the market value of residential property has not fully returned to pre-financial crisis levels and interest rates began to increase in 2017 and 2018.

Commercial Loans

The Bank offers its business customers a variety of commercial loan products including term loans and lines of credit. Such loans are generally made for terms of five years or less. The Bank offers both fixed-rate and adjustable-rate loans under these product lines. When making commercial business loans, the Bank considers the financial condition of the borrower, the borrower’s payment history of both corporate and personal debt, the projected cash flows of the business, the viability of the industry in which the borrower operates, the value of the collateral, and the borrower’s ability to service the debt from income. These loans are primarily secured by equipment, real property, accounts receivable or other security as determined by the Bank.

Commercial loans are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flows of the borrower’s business. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial loans may depend substantially on the success of the business itself.

Consumer Loans

Consumer loans consist of loans secured by automobiles, boats, recreational vehicles and trucks. The Bank also makes home improvement loans and offers both secured and unsecured personal lines of credit. Consumer loans entail greater risk from other loan types due to being secured by rapidly depreciating assets or the reliance on the borrower’s continuing financial stability.

Commercial Equipment Loans

These loans consist primarily of fixed-rate, short-term loans collateralized by a commercial customer’s equipment or secured by real property, accounts receivable, or other security as determined by the Bank. When making commercial equipment loans, the Bank considers the same factors it considers when underwriting a commercial business loan. Commercial loans are of higher risk and typically are made on the basis of the borrower’s ability to make repayment from the cash flows of the borrower’s business. As a result, the availability of funds for the repayment of commercial loans may depend substantially on the success of the business itself. In the case of business failure, collateral would need to be liquidated to provide repayment for the loan. In many cases, the highly specialized nature of collateral equipment would make full recovery from the sale of collateral problematic.

Non-accrual and Aging Analysis of Current and Past Due Loans

Non-accrual loans as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:



	June 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)	Non-accrual Delinquent Loans		Number of Loans	Non-accrual Current Loans		Number of Loans	Total Non-accrual Loans		Total Number of Loans
Commercial real estate	$	8,938	9	$	852	4	$	9,790	13
Residential first mortgages	146		1	846		3	992		4
Residential rentals	—		—	971		5	971		5
Home equity and second mortgages	416		5	—		—	416		5
Commercial loans	819		2	—		—	819		2
Commercial equipment	281		5	19		1	300		6
	$	10,600	22	$	2,688	13	$	13,288	35



	December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Non-accrual Delinquent Loans		Number of Loans	Non-accrual Current Loans		Number of Loans	Total Non-accrual Loans		Total Number of Loans
Commercial real estate	$	8,474	11	$	6,158	6	$	14,632	17
Residential first mortgages	146		1	1,228		4	1,374		5
Residential rentals	260		2	703		3	963		5
Home equity and second mortgages	147		2	—		—	147		2
Commercial loans	866		2	—		—	866		2
Commercial equipment	1,259		5	41		2	1,300		7
	$	11,152	23	$	8,130	15	$	19,282	38

Non-accrual loans decreased $6.0 million from $19.3 million or 1.43% of total loans at December 31, 2018 to $13.3 million or 0.96% of total loans at June 30, 2019. Loans can be current but classified as non-accrual due to customer operating results or payment history. All interest accrued but not collected from loans that are placed on non-accrual or charged-off is reversed against interest income. In accordance with the Company’s policy, interest income is recognized on a cash basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual status.

At June 30, 2019, non-accrual loans of $13.3 million included 35 loans, of which $10.8 million, or 81% represented 12 loans and four customer relationships. Non-accrual loans of $2.7 million (20%) were current with all payments of principal and interest with no impairment at June 30, 2019. Delinquent non-accrual loans were $10.6 million (80%) with specific reserves of $886,000 at June 30, 2019.

At December 31, 2018, non-accrual loans of $19.3 million included 38 loans, of which $15.3 million, or 79% represented 13 loans and four customer relationships. During the year ended December 31, 2018, non-accrual loans increased $14.6 million primarily as a result of one well-secured classified relationship of $10.1 million that was placed on non-accrual during the second quarter of 2018. At December 31, 2018, there were $8.1 million (42%) of non-accrual loans current with all payments of principal and interest with no impairment and $11.2 million (58%) of delinquent non-accrual loans with a total of $978,000 specifically reserved.

Non-accrual loans included TDRs totaling $52,000 and $29,000 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. These loans were classified solely as non-accrual for the calculation of financial ratios. Loan delinquency (90 days or greater delinquent and 31‑89 days delinquent) increased $402,000 from $12.2 million, or 0.91% of loans, at December 31, 2018 to $12.6 million, or 0.91% of loans, at June 30, 2019.

Non-accrual loans on which the recognition of interest has been discontinued, which did not have a specific allowance for impairment, amounted to $11.6 million and $17.4 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Interest due but not recognized on these balances at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $245,000 and $456,000, respectively. Non-accrual loans with a specific allowance for impairment on which the recognition of interest has been discontinued amounted to $1.7 million and $1.9 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Interest due but not recognized on these balances at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was $143,000 and $81,000, respectively.

The Company considers a loan to be past due or delinquent when the terms of the contractual obligation are not met by the borrower. PCI loans are included as a single category in the table below as management believes, regardless of their age, there is a lower likelihood of aggregate loss related to these loan pools. Additionally, PCI loans are discounted to allow for the accretion of income on a level yield basis over the life of the loan based on expected cash flows. Regardless of payment status, as long as cash flows can be reasonably estimated, the associated discount on these loan pools results in income recognition.

Past due and PCI loans as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:



	June 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)	31‑60 Days		61‑89 Days		90 or Greater Days		Total Past Due		PCI Loans		Current		Total Loan Receivables
Commercial real estate	$	309	$	1,058	$	8,938	$	10,305	$	1,725	$	905,918	$	917,948
Residential first mortgages	—		328		146		474		451		155,745		156,670
Residential rentals	—		321		—		321		327		121,342		121,990
Construction and land dev.	—		—		—		—		—		35,662		35,662
Home equity and second mtg.	24		106		310		440		269		35,157		35,866
Commercial loans	—		—		819		819		—		66,798		67,617
Consumer loans	1		—		—		1		—		966		967
Commercial equipment	30		10		246		286		—		50,180		50,466
Total	$	364	$	1,823	$	10,459	$	12,646	$	2,772	$	1,371,768	$	1,387,186



	December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	31‑60 Days		61‑89 Days		90 or Greater Days		Total Past Due		PCI Loans		Current		Total Loan Receivables
Commercial real estate	$	—	$	677	$	8,474	$	9,151	$	1,785	$	867,080	$	878,016
Residential first mortgages	—		66		146		212		466		156,031		156,709
Residential rentals	13		53		247		313		897		123,088		124,298
Construction and land dev.	—		—		—		—		—		29,705		29,705
Home equity and second mtg.	266		—		147		413		72		35,076		35,561
Commercial loans	—		—		866		866		—		70,814		71,680
Consumer loans	1		4		—		5		—		746		751
Commercial equipment	25		29		1,230		1,284		—		48,918		50,202
Total	$	305	$	829	$	11,110	$	12,244	$	3,220	$	1,331,458	$	1,346,922

Impaired Loans and Troubled Debt Restructures (“TDRs”)

Impaired loans, including TDRs, at June 30, 2019 and 2018 and at December 31, 2018 were as follows:



	June 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Quarter Average Recorded Investment		Quarter Interest Income Recognized		YTD Average Recorded Investment		YTD Interest Income Recognized
Commercial real estate	$	20,933	$	18,512	$	2,406	$	20,918	$	289	$	20,975	$	214	$	21,075	$	410
Residential first mortgages	2,124		2,123		—		2,123		—		2,129		20		2,139		41
Residential rentals	971		971		—		971		—		978		17		985		30
Construction and land dev.	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Home equity and second mtg.	482		471		—		471		—		476		5		461		9
Commercial loans	2,638		1,807		819		2,626		700		2,629		27		2,649		54
Commercial equipment	367		131		218		349		192		357		2		369		4
Total	$	27,515	$	24,015	$	3,443	$	27,458	$	1,181	$	27,544	$	285	$	27,678	$	548



	June 30, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Quarter Average Recorded Investment		Quarter Interest Income Recognized		YTD Average Recorded Investment		YTD Interest Income Recognized
Commercial real estate	$	26,804	$	24,923	$	1,569	$	26,492	$	182	$	26,609	$	214	$	26,695	$	469
Residential first mortgages	2,473		2,434		—		2,434		—		2,480		26		2,490		53
Residential rentals	1,430		1,396		—		1,396		—		1,440		18		1,450		35
Construction and land dev.	729		—		729		729		210		729		10		729		20
Home equity and second mtg.	303		213		86		299		7		304		3		306		7
Commercial loans	2,792		1,892		900		2,792		458		2,793		32		2,793		52
Consumer loans	2		1		1		2		1		2		—		2		—
Commercial equipment	1,645		1,021		622		1,643		508		1,661		13		1,692		29
Total	$	36,178	$	31,880	$	3,907	$	35,787	$	1,366	$	36,018	$	316	$	36,157	$	665



	December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance		Recorded Investment With No Allowance		Recorded Investment With Allowance		Total Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		YTD Average Recorded Investment		YTD Interest Income Recognized
Commercial real estate	$	27,835	$	24,515	$	3,025	$	27,540	$	326	$	27,833	$	1,275
Residential first mortgages	2,527		2,527		—		2,527		—		2,573		126
Residential rentals	1,745		1,745		—		1,745		—		1,792		85
Construction and land dev.	729		729		—		729		—		729		45
Home equity and second mtg.	294		288		—		288		—		291		13
Commercial loans	2,762		1,888		863		2,751		700		2,804		118
Consumer loans	1		—		1				1		1		—
Commercial equipment	1,315		1,121		178		1,299		153		1,354		31
Total	$	37,208	$	32,813	$	4,067	$	36,880	$	1,180	$	37,377	$	1,693

TDRs included in the impaired loan schedules above, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:



	June 30, 2019					December 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Dollars			Number of Loans		Dollars			Number of Loans
Commercial real estate	$	2,082		4		$	5,612		7
Residential first mortgages	65			1		66			1
Residential rentals	—			—		216			1
Construction and land development	—			—		729			2
Commercial loans	—			—		53			1
Commercial equipment	101			3		29			1
Total TDRs	$	2,248		8		$	6,705		13
Less: TDRs included in non-accrual loans	(52		)	(2	)	(29		)	(1	)
Total accrual TDR loans	$	2,196		6		$	6,676		12

TDRs decreased $4.5 million during the second quarter of 2019 due to principal paydowns and refinancing. There was one TDR added during the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Company had specific reserves of $251,000 on four TDRs totaling $1.6 million at June 30, 2019.

The Company had specific reserves of $165,000 on one TDR totaling $1.6 million at December 31, 2018. During the year ended December 31, 2018, TDR disposals, which included payoffs and refinancing, included three loans totaling $3.9 million. TDR loan principal curtailment was $176,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018. There were no TDRs added during the year ended December 31, 2018.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The following tables detail activity in the allowance for loan losses at and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. An allocation of the allowance to one category of loans does not prevent the Company from using that allowance to absorb losses in a different category.



Three Months Ended	June 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provisions			Ending Balance
Commercial real estate	$	6,742	$	(4	)	$	13	$	258		$	7,009
Residential first mortgages	722		—			—		(13		)	709
Residential rentals	462		—			—		(4		)	458
Construction and land development	148		(329		)	—		427			246
Home equity and second mortgages	132		—			2		(3		)	131
Commercial loans	1,406		—			5		(9		)	1,402
Consumer loans	8		—			1		—			9
Commercial equipment	1,226		—			9		(281		)	954
	$	10,846	$	(333	)	$	30	$	375		$	10,918

Purchase Credit Impaired**	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—

Six Months Ended	June 30, 2019
(dollars in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provisions			Ending Balance
Commercial real estate	$	6,882	$	(4	)	$	15	$	116		$	7,009
Residential first mortgages	755		—			—		(46		)	709
Residential rentals	498		(53		)	46		(33		)	458
Construction and land development	310		(329		)	—		265			246
Home equity and second mortgages	133		—			4		(6		)	131
Commercial loans	1,482		—			10		(90		)	1,402
Consumer loans	6		(4		)	2		5			9
Commercial equipment	910		(685		)	65		664			954
	$	10,976	$	(1,075	)	$	142	$	875		$	10,918

Purchase Credit Impaired**	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—



Three Months Ended	June 30, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provisions			Ending Balance
Commercial real estate	$	6,664	$	—		$	4	$	(105	)	$	6,563
Residential first mortgages	937		(76		)	—		(124		)	737
Residential rentals	459		—			—		10			469
Construction and land development	482		—			—		16			498
Home equity and second mortgages	118		—			5		(19		)	104
Commercial loans	1,045		(88		)	—		246			1,203
Consumer loans	7		—			—		—			7
Commercial equipment	759		—			9		376			1,144
	$	10,471	$	(164	)	$	18	$	400		$	10,725

Purchase Credit Impaired**	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—

Six Months Ended	June 30, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Beginning Balance		Charge-offs			Recoveries		Provisions			Ending Balance
Commercial real estate	$	6,451	$	(236	)	$	6	$	342		$	6,563
Residential first mortgages	1,144		(113		)	—		(294		)	737
Residential rentals	512		—			—		(43		)	469
Construction and land development	462		—			—		36			498
Home equity and second mortgages	162		(7		)	14		(65		)	104
Commercial loans	1,013		(88		)	—		278			1,203
Consumer loans	7		(1		)	—		1			7
Commercial equipment	764		(299		)	34		645			1,144
	$	10,515	$	(744	)	$	54	$	900		$	10,725

Purchase Credit Impaired**	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—

** There is no allowance for loan loss on the PCI portfolios. A more detailed rollforward schedule will be presented if an allowance is required.

The following tables detail loan receivable and allowance balances disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology at June 30, 2019 and 2018 and December 31, 2018.



	June 30, 2019								December 31, 2018								June 30, 2018
(dollars in thousands)	Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment		Purchase Credit Impaired		Total		Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment		Purchase Credit Impaired		Total		Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment		Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment		Purchase Credit Impaired		Total
Loan Receivables:
Commercial real estate	$	20,918	$	895,305	$	1,725	$	917,948	$	27,540	$	848,691	$	1,785	$	878,016	$	26,492	$	800,450	$	1,503	$	828,445
Residential first mortgages	2,123		154,096		451		156,670		2,527		153,716		466		156,709		2,434		160,186		470		163,090
Residential rentals	971		120,692		327		121,990		1,745		121,656		897		124,298		1,396		124,799		1,274		127,469
Construction and land development	—		35,662		—		35,662		729		28,976		—		29,705		729		27,646		272		28,647
Home equity and second mortgages	471		35,126		269		35,866		288		35,201		72		35,561		299		36,408		319		37,026
Commercial loans	2,626		64,991		—		67,617		2,751		68,929		—		71,680		2,792		54,727		—		57,519
Consumer loans	—		967		—		967		1		750		—		751		2		799		—		801
Commercial equipment	349		50,117		—		50,466		1,299		48,903		—		50,202		1,643		45,775		—		47,418
	$	27,458	$	1,356,956	$	2,772	$	1,387,186	$	36,880	$	1,306,822	$	3,220	$	1,346,922	$	35,787	$	1,250,790	$	3,838	$	1,290,415
Allowance for loan losses:
Commercial real estate	$	289	$	6,720	$	—	$	7,009	$	326	$	6,556	$	—	$	6,882	$	182	$	6,381	$	—	$	6,563
Residential first mortgages	—		709		—		709		—		755		—		755		—		737		—		737
Residential rentals	—		458		—		458		—		498		—		498		—		469		—		469
Construction and land development	—		246		—		246		—		310		—		310		210		288		—		498
Home equity and second mortgages	—		131		—		131		—		133		—		133		7		97		—		104
Commercial loans	700		702		—		1,402		700		782		—		1,482		458		745		—		1,203
Consumer loans	—		9		—		9		1		5		—		6		1		6		—		7
Commercial equipment	192		762		—		954		153		757		—		910		508		636		—		1,144
	$	1,181	$	9,737	$	—	$	10,918	$	1,180	$	9,796	$	—	$	10,976	$	1,366	$	9,359	$	—	$	10,725

Credit Quality Indicators

Credit quality indicators as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:

Credit Risk Profile by Internally Assigned Grade



	Commercial Real Estate				Construction and Land Dev.				Residential Rentals
(dollars in thousands)	6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018
Unrated	$	106,552	$	112,280	$	2,017	$	2,172	$	38,698	$	37,478
Pass	790,002		741,037		33,645		26,805		82,614		85,551
Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	21,394		24,699		—		728		678		1,269
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	917,948	$	878,016	$	35,662	$	29,705	$	121,990	$	124,298



	Commercial Loans				Commercial Equipment				Total Commercial Portfolios
(dollars in thousands)	6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018
Unrated	$	18,539	$	19,157	$	18,230	$	15,373	$	184,036	$	186,460
Pass	46,452		49,828		32,018		33,685		984,731		936,906
Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard	2,626		2,695		218		1,144		24,916		30,535
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	67,617	$	71,680	$	50,466	$	50,202	$	1,193,683	$	1,153,901



	Non-Commercial Portfolios **				Total All Portfolios
(dollars in thousands)	6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018
Unrated	$	150,159	$	146,889	$	334,195	$	333,349
Pass	42,114		44,441		1,026,845		981,347
Special mention	—		—		—		—
Substandard	1,230		1,691		26,146		32,226
Doubtful	—		—		—		—
Loss	—		—		—		—
Total	$	193,503	$	193,021	$	1,387,186	$	1,346,922

** Non-commercial portfolios are generally evaluated based on payment activity but may be risk graded if part of a larger commercial relationship or are credit impaired (e.g. non-accrual loans, TDRs).

Credit Risk Profile Based on Payment Activity



	Residential First Mortgages				Home Equity and Second Mtg.				Consumer Loans
(dollars in thousands)	6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018		6/30/2019		12/31/2018
Performing	$	156,524	$	156,563	$	35,556	$	35,414	$	967	$	751
Nonperforming	146		146		310		147		—		—
Total	$	156,670	$	156,709	$	35,866	$	35,561	$	967	$	751

A risk-grading scale is used to assign grades to commercial relationships, which include commercial real estate, residential rentals, construction and land development, commercial loans and commercial equipment loans. Loans are graded at inception, annually thereafter when financial statements are received and at other times when there is an indication that a credit may have weakened or improved. Only commercial loan relationships with an aggregate exposure to the Bank of $1,000,000 or greater are subject to being risk rated.

Home equity and second mortgages and consumer loans are evaluated for creditworthiness in underwriting and are monitored based on borrower payment history. Residential first mortgages are evaluated for creditworthiness during credit due diligence before being purchased. Residential first mortgages, home equity and second mortgages and consumer loans are classified as unrated unless they are part of a larger commercial relationship that requires grading or have impairment quantified because of an event (e.g., TDRs or nonperforming loans).

Management regularly reviews credit quality indicators as part of its individual loan reviews and on a monthly and quarterly basis. The overall quality of the Bank’s loan portfolio is assessed using the Bank’s risk-grading scale, the level and trends of net charge-offs, nonperforming loans and delinquencies, the performance of TDRs and the general economic conditions in the Company’s geographical market. This review process is assisted by frequent internal reporting of loan production, loan quality, concentrations of credit, loan delinquencies and nonperforming and potential problem loans. Credit quality indicators and allowance factors are adjusted based on management’s judgment during the monthly and quarterly review process. Loans subject to risk ratings are graded on a scale of one to ten. The Company considers loans rated substandard, doubtful and loss as classified assets for regulatory and financial reporting.

Ratings 1 thru 6 - Pass

Ratings 1 thru 6 have asset risks ranging from excellent-low risk to adequate. The specific rating assigned considers customer history of earnings, cash flows, liquidity, leverage, capitalization, consistency of debt service coverage, the nature and extent of customer relationship and other relevant specific business factors such as the stability of the industry or market area, changes to management, litigation or unexpected events that could have an impact on risks.

Rating 7 - OAEM (Other Assets Especially Mentioned) – Special Mention

These credits, while protected by the financial strength of the borrowers, guarantors or collateral, have reduced quality due to economic conditions, less than adequate earnings performance or other factors which require the lending officer to direct more than normal attention to the credit. Financing alternatives may be limited and/or command higher risk interest rates. OAEM loans are the first adversely classified assets on our watch list. These relationships are reviewed at least quarterly.

Rating 8 - Substandard

Substandard assets are assets that are inadequately protected by the sound worth or paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged. These assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets classified substandard. The loans may have a delinquent history or combination of weak collateral, weak guarantor strength or operating losses. When a loan is assigned to this category the Bank may estimate a specific reserve in the loan loss allowance analysis. These assets listed may include assets with histories of repossessions or some that are non-performing bankruptcies. These relationships will be reviewed at least quarterly.

Rating 9 - Doubtful

Doubtful assets have many of the same characteristics of Substandard with the exception that the Bank has determined that loss is not only possible but is probable and the risk is close to certain that loss will occur. When a loan is assigned to this category the Bank will identify the probable loss and the loan will receive a specific reserve in the loan loss allowance analysis. These relationships will be reviewed at least quarterly.

Rating 10 – Loss

Once an asset is identified as a definite loss to the Bank, it will receive the classification of “loss.” There may be some future potential recovery; however, it is more practical to write off the loan at the time of classification. Losses will be taken in the period in which they are determined to be uncollectable.

Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans and Acquired Loans

PCI loans had an unpaid principal balance of $3.5 million and a carrying value of $2.8 million at June 30, 2019. PCI loans represented 0.16% of total assets at June 30, 2019. Determining the fair value of the PCI loans at the time of acquisition required the Company to estimate cash flows expected to result from those loans and to discount those cash flows at appropriate rates of interest considering prepayment assumptions. For such loans, the excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is recognized as interest income over the remaining lives of the loans and is called accretable yield. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition reflects the impact of estimated credit losses and is called the nonaccretable difference. In accordance with GAAP, there was no carryover of a previously established allowance for loan losses from acquisition.

A summary of changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2018 follows:



	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Year Ended
(dollars in thousands)	2019			2018			2019			2018			December 31, 2018
Accretable yield, beginning of period	$	680		$	459		$	734		$	—		$	—
Additions	—			—			—			517			517
Accretion	(68		)	(58		)	(122		)	(116		)	(230		)
Reclassification from (to) nonaccretable difference	156			—			156			—			134
Other changes, net	11			—			11			—			313
Accretable yield, end of period	$	779		$	401		$	779		$	401		$	734

At June 30, 2019, performing acquired loans, which totaled $88.4 million, included a $1.5 million net acquisition accounting fair market value adjustment, representing a 1.66% discount; and PCI loans which totaled $2.8 million, included a $684,000 adjustment, representing a 19.78% discount. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 there was $209,000 and $381,000, respectively, of accretion interest.

Accounting standards require a periodic recast of the expected cash flows on the PCI loan portfolio. The recast was performed during the second quarter of 2019 which resulted in a reclassification of $156,000 from the credit (nonaccretable) portion of the discount to the liquidity (accretable) portion of the discount.

The following is a summary of acquired and non-acquired loans as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:



BY ACQUIRED AND NON-ACQUIRED	June 30, 2019		%		December 31, 2018		%
Acquired loans - performing	$	88,353	6.37	%	$	103,667	7.70	%
Acquired loans - purchase credit impaired ("PCI")	2,772		0.20	%	3,220		0.24	%
Total acquired loans	91,125		6.57	%	106,887		7.94	%
Non-acquired loans**	1,296,061		93.43	%	1,240,035		92.06	%
Gross loans	1,387,186				1,346,922
Net deferred costs (fees)	1,363		0.10	%	1,183		0.09	%
Total loans, net of deferred costs	$	1,388,549			$	1,348,105

______________________________

** Non-acquired loans include loans transferred from acquired pools following release of acquisition accounting FMV adjustments.