10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 23, 2020

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______________ to ________________

Commission File Number 0-18051

DENNY’S CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		13-3487402
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
203 East Main Street
Spartanburg,	South Carolina	29319-0001
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(864) 597-8000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
$.01 Par Value, Common Stock	DENN	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  ý No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ý  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer ý Accelerated Filer ☐ Non-Accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller Reporting Company ☐ Emerging Growth Company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐   No  ý

As of October 22, 2020, 63,768,120 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.   Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Deficit	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.   Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	21
Item 3.   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures	32
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings	32
Item 1A.   Risk Factors	32
Item 6.   Exhibits	34
Signatures	35

2

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.     Financial Statements

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,217	$	3,372
Investments	2,266		3,649
Receivables, net	20,637		27,488
Inventories	1,017		1,325
Assets held for sale	3,206		1,925
Prepaid and other current assets	18,838		14,974
Total current assets	57,181		52,733
Property, net of accumulated depreciation of $147,510 and $147,445, respectively	89,466		97,626
Financing lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization of $9,484 and $8,468, respectively	10,284		11,720
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	145,302		158,550
Goodwill	36,884		36,832
Intangible assets, net	52,100		53,956
Deferred financing costs, net	2,119		1,727
Deferred income taxes, net	27,047		14,718
Other noncurrent assets	30,414		32,525
Total assets	$	450,797	$	460,387
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Current finance lease liabilities	$	1,963	$	1,674
Current operating lease liabilities	18,253		16,344
Accounts payable	10,898		20,256
Other current liabilities	41,346		57,307
Total current liabilities	72,460		95,581
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt	230,000		240,000
Noncurrent finance lease liabilities	13,805		14,779
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	142,110		152,750
Liability for insurance claims, less current portion	10,572		11,454
Other noncurrent liabilities	120,221		83,887
Total long-term liabilities	516,708		502,870
Total liabilities	589,168		598,451
Shareholders' deficit
Common stock $0.01 par value; 135,000 shares authorized; September 23, 2020: 117,778 shares issued and 63,768 shares outstanding; December 25, 2019: 109,415 shares issued and 57,095 shares outstanding	$	1,178	$	1,094
Paid-in capital	672,502		603,980
Deficit	(196,873)		(189,398)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(61,205)		(33,960)
Treasury stock, at cost, 54,010 and 52,320 shares, respectively	(553,973)		(519,780)
Total shareholders' deficit	(138,371)		(138,064)
Total liabilities and shareholders' deficit	$	450,797	$	460,387

See accompanying notes

3

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenue:
Company restaurant sales	$	27,849	$	63,582	$	85,268	$	257,574
Franchise and license revenue	43,795		60,676		123,232		169,979
Total operating revenue	71,644		124,258		208,500		427,553
Costs of company restaurant sales, excluding depreciation and amortization:
Product costs	7,106		15,603		21,541		62,871
Payroll and benefits	11,925		23,777		37,070		100,475
Occupancy	2,638		4,301		8,529		15,583
Other operating expenses	5,701		10,625		15,954		39,320
Total costs of company restaurant sales	27,370		54,306		83,094		218,249
Costs of franchise and license revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization	24,073		31,136		68,487		87,065
General and administrative expenses	13,694		16,395		34,589		53,659
Depreciation and amortization	4,048		4,338		12,252		15,619
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	(781)		(50,091)		2,319		(85,459)
Total operating costs and expenses, net	68,404		56,084		200,741		289,133
Operating income	3,240		68,174		7,759		138,420
Interest expense, net	4,422		4,188		13,320		14,977
Other nonoperating expense (income), net	(8,477)		(415)		3,851		(2,111)
Income (loss) before income taxes	7,295		64,401		(9,412)		125,554
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	818		15,279		(1,937)		26,703
Net income (loss)	$	6,477	$	49,122	$	(7,475)	$	98,851
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.83	$	(0.13)	$	1.64
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.80	$	(0.13)	$	1.58
Basic weighted average shares outstanding	63,793		59,430		59,350		60,457
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	64,027		61,189		59,350		62,370

See accompanying notes

4

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited)

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Net income (loss)	$	6,477	$	49,122	$	(7,475)	$	98,851
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax of $5, $6, $17 and $17, respectively	17		16		50		48
Changes in the fair value of cash flow derivatives, net of tax of $151, $(5,251), $(12,416) and $(13,574), respectively	435		(15,067)		(34,723)		(37,838)
Reclassification of cash flow derivatives to interest expense, net of tax of $121, $21, $541 and $11, respectively	350		57		1,556		29
Reclassification of loss related to dedesignation of derivatives to other nonoperating expense (income), net of tax of $0, $0, $1,892 and $0, respectively	—		—		5,462		—
Amortization of unrealized losses related to dedesignated derivatives to interest expense, net of tax of $73, $0, $142 and $0, respectively	210		—		410		—
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,012		(14,994)		(27,245)		(37,761)
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	7,489	$	34,128	$	(34,720)	$	61,090

See accompanying notes

5

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Deficit

For the Quarter Ended September 23, 2020 and September 25, 2019

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Paid-in Capital		Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Total Shareholders’ Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
	(In thousands)
Balance, June 24, 2020	109,719	$	1,097	(54,010)	$	(553,973)	$	600,936	$	(203,350)	$	(62,217)	$	(217,507)
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		6,477		—		6,477
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—	—		—		—		1,012		1,012
Issuance of common stock	8,000	80		—	—		69,491		—		—		69,571
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	—	—		—	—		1,930		—		—		1,930
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation	22	—		—	—		—		—		—		—
Exercise of common stock options	37	1		—	—		145		—		—		146
Balance, September 23, 2020	117,778	$	1,178	(54,010)	$	(553,973)	$	672,502	$	(196,873)	$	(61,205)	$	(138,371)

	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Paid-in Capital		Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Total Shareholders’ Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
	(In thousands)
Balance, June 26, 2019	109,291	$	1,093	(49,484)	$	(461,575)	$	601,902	$	(257,079)	$	(26,913)	$	(142,572)
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		49,122		—		49,122
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—	—		—		—		(14,994)		(14,994)
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	—	—		—	—		2,089		—		—		2,089
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		(589)	(12,807)		—		—		—		(12,807)
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation	3	—		—	—		—		—		—		—
Exercise of common stock options	119	1		—	—		415		—		—		416
Balance, September 25, 2019	109,413	$	1,094	(50,073)	$	(474,382)	$	604,406	$	(207,957)	$	(41,907)	$	(118,746)

See accompanying notes

6

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Deficit

For the Three Quarters Ended September 23, 2020 and September 25, 2019

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Paid-in Capital		Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Total Shareholders’ Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	109,415	$	1,094	(52,320)	$	(519,780)	$	603,980	$	(189,398)	$	(33,960)	$	(138,064)
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(7,475)		—		(7,475)
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—	—		—		—		(27,245)		(27,245)
Issuance of common stock	8,000	80		—	—		69,491		—		—		69,571
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	—	—		—	—		(1,177)		—		—		(1,177)
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		(1,690)	(34,193)		—		—		—		(34,193)
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation	309	3		—	—		(3)		—		—		—
Exercise of common stock options	54	1		—	—		211		—		—		212
Balance, September 23, 2020	117,778	$	1,178	(54,010)	$	(553,973)	$	672,502	$	(196,873)	$	(61,205)	$	(138,371)

	Common Stock			Treasury Stock			Paid-in Capital		Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Total Shareholders’ Deficit
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
	(In thousands)
Balance, December 26, 2018	108,585	$	1,086	(47,052)	$	(416,815)	$	592,944	$	(306,414)	$	(4,146)	$	(133,345)
Cumulative effect adjustment	—	—		—	—		—		(394)		—		(394)
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		98,851		—		98,851
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—	—		—		—		(37,761)		(37,761)
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	—	—		—	—		3,741		—		—		3,741
Purchase of treasury stock	—	—		(2,632)	(50,804)		—		—		—		(50,804)
Equity forward contract settlement	—	—		(389)	(6,763)		6,763		—		—		—
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation	468	5		—	—		(5)		—		—		—
Exercise of common stock options	360	3		—	—		963		—		—		966
Balance, September 25, 2019	109,413	$	1,094	(50,073)	$	(474,382)	$	604,406	$	(207,957)	$	(41,907)	$	(118,746)

See accompanying notes

7

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(7,475)	$	98,851
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	12,252		15,619
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	2,319		(85,459)
Loss on interest rate swap derivatives	4,185		—
Amortization of deferred financing costs	591		456
Gains on investments	(117)		(179)
Losses (gains) on termination of leases	43		(157)
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(2,505)		9,594
Share-based compensation expense	1,972		7,142
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables	7,465		8,095
Inventories	265		1,525
Other current assets	(3,865)		(168)
Other noncurrent assets	474		(3,081)
Operating lease assets and liabilities	1,231		(577)
Accounts payable	(8,540)		(9,411)
Accrued payroll	(8,739)		(6,224)
Accrued taxes	971		(524)
Other accrued liabilities	(6,512)		(5,544)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(5,625)		2,068
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities	(11,610)		32,026
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(5,476)		(12,646)
Acquisitions of real estate	—		(9,456)
Deposits on acquisitions of real estate	—		(1,538)
Proceeds from sales of restaurants, real estate and other assets	4,536		118,370
Investment purchases	(1,400)		(1,300)
Proceeds from sale of investments	2,900		—
Collections on notes receivable	1,385		3,027
Issuance of notes receivable	(670)		(822)
Net cash flows provided by investing activities	1,275		95,635
Cash flows from financing activities:
Revolver borrowings	140,500		102,500
Revolver payments	(150,500)		(176,000)
Long-term debt payments	(1,115)		(2,044)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	212		966
Tax withholding on share-based payments	(3,049)		(3,206)
Deferred financing costs	(982)		—
Purchase of treasury stock	(36,008)		(50,649)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	69,571		—
Net bank overdrafts	(449)		(2,234)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities	18,180		(130,667)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	7,845		(3,006)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	3,372		5,026
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	11,217	$	2,020

See accompanying notes

8

Denny’s Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1.     Introduction and Basis of Presentation

Denny’s Corporation, or Denny’s or the Company, is one of America’s largest full-service restaurant chains based on number of restaurants. At September 23, 2020, the Denny's brand consisted of 1,664 restaurants, 1,598 of which were franchised/licensed restaurants and 66 of which were company operated.

The global crisis resulting from the spread of coronavirus ("COVID-19") has had a substantial impact on our restaurant operations for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, which is expected to continue with the timing of a recovery uncertain. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, many of our company and franchised and licensed restaurants were temporarily closed and most of the restaurants that remained open had limited operations. This has continued into the fourth quarter of 2020. Our operating results substantially depend upon the sales volumes, restaurant profitability, and financial stability of our company and franchised and licensed restaurants.

We cannot currently estimate the duration or future negative financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business; however, we expect that the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact our results of operations for the balance of 2020. Ongoing material adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for an extended period could negatively affect our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition and could impact our impairment assessments of accounts receivable, intangible assets, long-lived assets and goodwill.

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Therefore, certain information and notes normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim periods presented have been included. Such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions; however, we believe that our estimates are reasonable.

These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2019 which are contained in our audited Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2019. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year ending December 30, 2020. Our significant interim accounting policies include the recognition of advertising and marketing costs, generally in proportion to revenue, and the recognition of income taxes using an estimated annual effective rate.

Note 2.     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Newly Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform financial statement users of credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal 2020). The adoption of this guidance on December 26, 2019 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The new guidance provides optional guidance, for a limited time, to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU 2020-04 is effective for a limited time, from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company adopted this ASU on March 12, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2020-04 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

9

In April 2020, the FASB staff issued interpretive guidance that indicated it would be acceptable for entities to make an election to account for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic consistent with how those concessions would be accounted for under ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, as though enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions existed (regardless of whether those enforceable rights and obligations for the concessions explicitly exist in the contract). Consequently, for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, an entity will not have to analyze each contract to determine whether enforceable rights and obligations for concessions exist in the contract and can elect to apply or not apply the lease modification guidance in Topic 842 to those contracts. This election is available for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic that do not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or the obligations of the lessee.

We have elected to apply this interpretive guidance to the rent relief we have secured, and have assumed that enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions exist in the lease contract. As such, starting in April 2020, we began recognizing abatements or deferrals in rents received from landlords as reductions in variable lease payments. This election will continue while these abatement or deferrals are in effect.

Accounting Standards to be Adopted

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which modifies Topic 740 to simplify the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and for the interim periods therein. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Note 3.     Receivables

Receivables consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Receivables, net:
Trade accounts receivable from franchisees	$	17,306	$	14,551
Financing receivables from franchisees	1,283		2,230
Vendor receivables	894		3,260
Credit card receivables	587		6,806
Other	2,266		915
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(1,699)		(274)
Total receivables, net	$	20,637	$	27,488
Other noncurrent assets:
Financing receivables from franchisees	$	188	$	364

We recorded $0.5 million and $1.4 million of bad debt expense during the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, respectively, based on actual and expected losses on franchise-related receivables, primarily as a result of uncertainties related to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Note 4.    Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	$	36,832
Reclassification from assets held for sale	52
Balance, September 23, 2020	$	36,884

10

Other intangible assets consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020				December 25, 2019
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
	(In thousands)
Intangible assets with indefinite lives:
Trade names	$	44,087	$	—	$	44,087	$	—
Liquor licenses	120		—		120		—
Intangible assets with definite lives:
Reacquired franchise rights	15,064		7,171		15,516		5,767
Intangible assets, net	$	59,271	$	7,171	$	59,723	$	5,767

Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to the global economy, including but not limited to the volatility of the Company's stock price as well as that of its competitors, the negative impact on sales at company and franchised and licensed restaurants and the challenging environment for the restaurant industry generally, the Company determined that there were indicators of potential impairment of its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. As such, the Company performed an impairment assessment for both goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and concluded that the fair value of these assets substantially exceeded their carrying values. However, we recorded less than $0.1 million and approximately $0.1 million of impairment related to reacquired franchise rights during the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, respectively. See Note 9.

Note 5.     Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Accrued payroll	$	11,116	$	19,689
Current portion of liability for insurance claims	5,488		6,515
Accrued taxes	6,595		5,624
Accrued advertising	3,348		6,753
Gift cards	4,758		6,469
Other	10,041		12,257
Other current liabilities	$	41,346	$	57,307

11

Note 6.     Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	(In thousands)
Fair value measurements as of September 23, 2020:
Deferred compensation plan investments (1)	$	11,958	$	11,958	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps (2)	(85,054)		—		(85,054)		—
Investments (3)	2,266		—		2,266		—
Total	$	(70,830)	$	11,958	$	(82,788)	$	—
Fair value measurements as of December 25, 2019:
Deferred compensation plan investments (1)	$	13,517	$	13,517	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps (2)	(44,670)		—		(44,670)		—
Investments (3)	3,649		—		3,649		—
Total	$	(27,504)	$	13,517	$	(41,021)	$	—

(1)    The fair values of our deferred compensation plan investments are based on the closing market prices of the elected investments.

(2)    The fair values of our interest rate swaps are based upon Level 2 inputs, which include valuation models as reported by our counterparties. The key inputs for the valuation models are quoted market prices, interest rates and forward yield curves. See Note 7 for details on the interest rate swaps.

(3)    The fair values of our investments are valued using a readily determinable net asset value per share based on the fair value of the underlying securities. There are no significant redemption restrictions associated with these investments.

Those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below:

		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Impairment Charges
	(In thousands)
Fair value measurements for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020:
Assets held and used (1)		$	2,575	$	2,519

(1)During the first and third quarters of 2020, impaired assets were written down to their fair value. To determine fair value, we used the income approach, which assumes that the future cash flows reflect current market expectations. These fair value measurements require significant judgment using Level 3 inputs, such as discounted cash flows from operations, which are not observable from the market, directly or indirectly. There is uncertainty in the projected future cash flows used in the Company's impairment analysis, which requires the use of estimates and assumptions. If actual performance does not achieve the projections, or if the assumptions used change in the future, the Company may be required to recognize impairment charges in future periods.

Assets that are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include property, operating right-of-use assets, finance right-of-use assets and reacquired franchise rights. During the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we recognized impairment charges of $0.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, related to certain of these assets. See Note 9.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses are deemed to approximate fair value due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these instruments. The fair value of notes receivable approximates the carrying value after consideration of recorded allowances and related risk-based interest rates. The outstanding revolver loans are carried at historical cost, which approximates fair value. The fair value of our senior secured revolver approximates its carrying value since it is a variable rate facility (Level 2).

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Note 7.     Long-Term Debt

Denny's and certain of its subsidiaries have a credit facility consisting of a five-year $400 million senior secured revolver (with a $30 million letter of credit sublimit). The credit facility includes an accordion feature that would allow us to increase the size of the revolver to $450 million, subject to approval. As of September 23, 2020, we had outstanding revolver loans of $230.0 million and outstanding letters of credit under the credit facility of $17.3 million. These balances resulted in availability of $152.7 million under the credit facility prior to considering the liquidity covenant in our credit facility. Factoring in the liquidity covenant, our availability was $92.7 million. The credit facility is available for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. The credit facility is guaranteed by Denny's and its material subsidiaries and is secured by assets of Denny's and its subsidiaries, including the stock of its subsidiaries (other than our insurance captive subsidiary).

On May 13, 2020, we entered into an amendment (the "Second Amendment") to our credit agreement. As a result of the Second Amendment, beginning May 13, 2020 until the date of delivery of our financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, the interest rate of the amended credit agreement was increased to LIBOR plus 3.00% and the commitment fee, which is paid on the unused portion of the credit facility, was increased to 0.40%. During this period, we will also have supplemental monthly reporting obligations to our lenders and will be prohibited from paying dividends and making stock repurchases and other general investments. Additionally, capital expenditures will be restricted to $10 million in the aggregate from May 13, 2020 through the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021.

The Second Amendment temporarily waives certain financial covenants. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio is waived until the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021, at which point the covenant level will revert to a minimum of 1.50x. The consolidated leverage ratio covenant is waived until the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021, at which point the covenant level will increase from 4.00x to 4.50x, stepping down to 4.25x in the second quarter of 2021 and 4.00x in the third fiscal quarter of 2021 and thereafter. In addition, the Second Amendment adds a monthly minimum liquidity covenant, defined as the sum of unrestricted cash and revolver availability, ranging from $60 million to $70 million, commencing on May 13, 2020 to May 26, 2021. We were in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 23, 2020.

Prior to considering the impact of our interest rate swaps, described below, the weighted-average interest rate on outstanding revolver loans was 3.16% and 3.47% as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively. Taking into consideration our interest rate swaps that are designated as cash flow hedges, the weighted-average interest rate of outstanding revolver loans was 4.85% and 3.99% as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively.

Interest Rate Hedges

We have receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the forecasted cash flows of our floating rate debt. We initially designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges of our exposure to variability in future cash flows attributable to variable interest payments due on forecasted notional amounts. A summary of our interest rate swaps as of September 23, 2020 is as follows:

Trade Date	Effective Date	Maturity Date	Notional Amount			Fixed Rate
			(In thousands)
Swaps designated as cash flow hedges
March 20, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2025	$	120,000		2.44	%
October 1, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2026	50,000			2.46	%
Dedesignated swaps
February 15, 2018	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2033	80,000		(1)	3.19	%

(1)     The notional amounts of the swaps entered into on February 15, 2018 increase annually beginning September 30, 2020 until they reach the maximum notional amount of $425.0 million on September 28, 2029.

To the extent the swaps are highly effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the fair value of the swaps are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations but are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net. The interest rate swaps entered into in 2015 are designated as cash flow hedges with unrealized gain and losses recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net.

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As of September 23, 2020, the fair value of swaps designated as cash flow hedges was $17.2 million and was recorded as a component of other noncurrent liabilities with an offsetting amount (before taxes) recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We expect to reclassify approximately $3.9 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations related to swaps designated as cash flow hedges during the next twelve months.

Dedesignated Interest Rate Hedges

During the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we determined that a portion of the underlying cash flows related to our hedging relationship entered into in 2018 (“2018 Swaps”) were no longer probable of occurring over the term of the interest rate swaps as a result of the ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and using proceeds from our share offering described in Note 13 to repay a portion of our long-term debt. Accordingly, during the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we dedesignated the cash flow relationship and discontinued hedge accounting treatment for the 2018 Swaps. As a result, we reclassified approximately $7.4 million of losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020 related to the portion of the forecasted transaction no longer considered probable of occurring. The remaining amounts of unrealized losses related to the 2018 Swaps are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and are amortized into the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest expense, net over the remaining term of the 2018 Swaps. For the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we reclassified unrealized losses of approximately $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, to interest expense, net related to the 2018 Swaps. At September 23, 2020, approximately $64.6 million (before taxes) of unrealized losses remained in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net.

As a result of the dedesignated cash flow relationship related to the 2018 Swaps, changes in the fair value of the 2018 Swaps are recorded as a component of other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we recorded income of approximately $7.8 million and $3.7 million, respectively, as a component of nonoperating expense (income) related to the 2018 Swaps resulting from changes in fair value.

As of September 23, 2020, the fair value of the dedesignated interest rate swaps was $67.8 million and was recorded as a component of other noncurrent liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We expect to amortize approximately $0.4 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations related to dedesignated interest rate swaps during the next twelve months.

Note 8.     Revenues

Our revenues are derived primarily from two sales channels, which we operate as one segment: company restaurants and franchised and licensed restaurants. The following table disaggregates our revenue by sales channel and type of good or service:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Company restaurant sales	$	27,849	$	63,582	$	85,268	$	257,574
Franchise and license revenue:
Royalties	17,896		27,830		48,462		79,742
Advertising revenue	13,927		20,756		38,685		59,582
Initial and other fees	1,890		1,356		4,933		4,250
Occupancy revenue	10,082		10,734		31,152		26,405
Franchise and license revenue	43,795		60,676		123,232		169,979
Total operating revenue	$	71,644	$	124,258	$	208,500	$	427,553

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Franchise occupancy revenue consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Operating lease revenue	$	8,277	$	7,964	$	24,959	$	19,235
Variable lease revenue	1,805		2,770		6,193		7,170
Total occupancy revenue	$	10,082	$	10,734	$	31,152	$	26,405

Balances related to contracts with customers consist of receivables, deferred franchise revenue and deferred gift card revenue. See Note 3 for details on our receivables.

Deferred franchise revenue consists primarily of the unamortized portion of initial franchise fees that are currently being amortized into revenue and amounts related to development agreements and unopened restaurants that we will begin amortizing into revenue when the related restaurants are opened. Initial franchise fees are amortized over the term of the related franchise agreement, generally 10-20 years. Deferred franchise revenue represents our remaining performance obligations to our franchisees, excluding amounts of variable consideration related to sales-based royalties and advertising. The components of the change in deferred franchise revenue are as follows:

	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	$	23,256
Fees received from franchisees	535
Revenue recognized (1)	(2,474)
Balance, September 23, 2020	21,317
Less current portion included in other current liabilities	2,112
Deferred franchise revenue included in other noncurrent liabilities	$	19,205

(1) Of this amount $2.4 million was included in the deferred franchise revenue balance as of December 25, 2019.

Gift card liabilities consist of the unredeemed portion of gift cards sold in company restaurants and at third party locations. The balance of gift card liabilities represents our remaining performance obligations to our customers. The balance of gift card liabilities as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019 was $4.8 million and $6.5 million, respectively. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we recognized revenue of $0.3 million from gift card redemptions at company restaurants.

Note 9.     Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net

Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Gains on sales of assets and other, net	$	(1,202)	$	(51,183)	$	(2,260)	$	(87,497)
Restructuring charges and exit costs	83		1,092		2,060		2,038
Impairment charges	338		—		2,519		—
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	$	(781)	$	(50,091)	$	2,319	$	(85,459)

Gains on sales of assets and other, net were primarily related to the sale of three parcels of real estate during the quarter and five parcels of real estate during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. During the quarter ended September 25, 2019, gains on sale of assets and other, net included $50.4 million in gains on the sale of 56 company restaurants and $1.3 million in gains on the sales of two parcels of real estate. During the three quarters ended September 25, 2019, gains on sales of assets and other, net included $76.8 million in gains on the sales of 96 company restaurants and $11.9 million on the sale of six parcels of real estate.

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As of September 23, 2020, we had recorded assets held for sale at their carrying amount of $3.2 million (consists of property of $2.5 million and other assets of $0.7 million) related to seven parcels of real estate. As of December 25, 2019, we had recorded assets held for sale at their carrying amount of $1.9 million (comprised of property of $1.6 million, other assets of $0.2 million and goodwill of $0.1 million) related to four company restaurants and two pieces of real estate. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, five pieces of real estate were sold and the four company restaurants were reclassified out of assets held for sale, as they were no longer expected to be sold in the next 12 months.

Restructuring charges and exit costs consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Exit costs	$	75	$	20	$	169	$	194
Severance and other restructuring charges	8		1,072		1,891		1,844
Total restructuring charges and exit costs	$	83	$	1,092	$	2,060	$	2,038

Exit cost liabilities were $0.1 million as of September 23, 2020 and $0.2 million as of December 25, 2019. Exit cost liabilities related to lease costs are included as a component of operating lease liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, we had accrued severance and other restructuring charges of $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The balance as of September 23, 2020 is expected to be paid during the next 12 months.

We review our property, right-of-use assets ("ROU assets") and definite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of certain long-lived and ROU assets may not be recoverable. Based on our review, we recorded impairment charges of $0.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020 resulting from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The $2.5 million included $1.3 million related to property, $1.1 million related to operating lease ROU assets and less than $0.1 million related to each of finance lease ROU assets and reacquired franchise rights.

Note 10.     Share-Based Compensation

Total share-based compensation included as a component of general and administrative expenses was as follows:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Employee share awards	$	1,784	$	1,957	$	1,364	$	6,418
Restricted stock units for board members	214		219		608		724
Total share-based compensation	$	1,998	$	2,176	$	1,972	$	7,142

Employee Share Awards

Employee share awards consist of performance share units and restricted stock units (which are equity classified). During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, as a component of our annual compensation program, we granted certain employees approximately 0.8 million restricted stock units with a grant date fair value of $10.46 per share that vest over a two-year period, as defined under the terms of the award. The vesting period for these restricted stock units is the two-year period beginning May 20, 2020 through May 20, 2022.

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we issued 0.3 million shares of common stock related to vested performance share units. In addition, 0.2 million shares of common stock were withheld in lieu of taxes related to vested performance share units.

As of September 23, 2020, we had approximately $9.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested performance share awards and restricted share awards outstanding, which have a weighted average remaining contractual term of 1.5 years.

Subsequent to the end of the quarter ended September 23, 2020, certain employee share awards were modified. See Note 16.

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Restricted Stock Units for Board Members

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we granted less than 0.1 million restricted stock units (which are equity classified) with a weighted average grant date fair value of $10.46 per unit to non-employee members of our Board of Directors. The restricted stock units vest after a one year service period. A director may elect to convert these awards into shares of common stock either on a specific date in the future (while still serving as a member of our Board of Directors), upon termination as a member of our Board of Directors, or in three equal annual installments commencing after termination of service as a member of our Board.

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, less than 0.1 million restricted stock units were converted into shares of common stock.

As of September 23, 2020, we had approximately $0.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to all unvested restricted stock unit awards outstanding, which have a weighted average remaining contractual term of 0.7 years.

Note 11.     Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 11.2% for the quarter ended and 20.6% for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, compared to 23.7% and 21.3% for the prior year periods, respectively. The 2020 year-to-date rate included a net benefit of 22.2% from the reclassification of cash flow derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive loss. The 2019 quarterly and year-to-date rates included the impact of excess tax benefits relating to share-based compensation of 1.0% and 1.8%, respectively.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act was signed into law as a response to the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no significant impact on the Company's tax rate from the CARES Act for the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020.

Note 12.     Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The amounts used for the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share calculations are summarized below:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands, except for per share amounts)
Net income (loss)	$	6,477	$	49,122	$	(7,475)	$	98,851
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	63,793		59,430		59,350		60,457
Effect of dilutive share-based compensation awards (1)	234		1,759		—		1,913
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	64,027		61,189		59,350		62,370
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.83	$	(0.13)	$	1.64
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.80	$	(0.13)	$	1.58
Anti-dilutive share-based compensation awards(1)	568		274		1,975		226

(1) For the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, share-based compensation awards have been omitted from the calculations because they have an anti-dilutive effect on loss per share.

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Note 13.     Shareholders' Deficit

Share Repurchases

We suspended share repurchases as of February 27, 2020 and terminated our previously approved Rule 10b5-1 Repurchase Plan effective March 16, 2020 in light of uncertain market conditions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Under our amended credit agreement, we are prohibited, until the date of delivery of our financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, from making any stock repurchases.

Prior to entering into our amended credit agreement, during the quarter ended March 25, 2020, we repurchased a total of 1.7 million shares of our common stock for approximately $34.2 million. During the quarter ended March 25, 2020, we completed the $200 million share repurchase program that was approved by the Board of Directors in October 2017. In December 2019, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $250 million of our common stock (in addition to the October 2017 authorization). At September 23, 2020, there was approximately $248.0 million remaining that can be used to repurchase our common stock under the current program. Repurchased shares are included as treasury stock in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Deficit.

In November 2018, as part of our previously authorized share repurchase programs, we entered into a $25 million accelerated share repurchase (the "ASR") agreement with MUFG Securities EMEA plc (“MUFG”). We paid $25 million in cash and received approximately 1.1 million shares of our common stock (which represents the minimum shares to be delivered based on the cap price) and recorded $18.2 million of treasury stock related to these shares. The remaining balance of $6.8 million was recorded as additional paid-in capital in shareholders’ deficit as of December 26, 2018 as an equity forward contract.

During the quarter ended March 27, 2019, we settled the ASR agreement with MUFG. As a result, we received final delivery of an additional 0.4 million shares of our common stock. The total number of shares repurchased was based on a combined discounted volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) of $17.04 per share, which was determined based on the average of the daily VWAP of our common stock, less a fixed discount, over the term of the ASR agreement. As a result of settling the ASR agreement, we recorded $6.8 million of treasury stock related to the settlement of the equity forward contract related to the ASR agreement.

Issuance and Sale of Common Stock

On July 1, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several underwriters named therein, for the issuance and sale by the Company of 8,000,000 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $9.15 per share. On July 6, 2020, the Company received net proceeds of $69.6 million from the sale of shares, after deducting the underwriters' discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net

The components of the change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net were as follows:

	Defined Benefit Plans		Derivatives		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
	(In thousands)
Balance as of December 25, 2019	$	(781)	$	(33,179)	$	(33,960)
Amortization of net loss (1)	67		—		67
Changes in the fair value of cash flow derivatives	—		(47,139)		(47,139)
Reclassification of cash flow derivatives to interest expense, net (2)	—		2,097		2,097
Reclassification of loss related to dedesignation of derivatives to other nonoperating expense (income)(3)	—		7,354		7,354
Amortization of unrealized losses related to dedesignated derivatives to interest expense, net(3)	—		552		552
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss	(17)		9,841		9,824
Balance as of September 23, 2020	$	(731)	$	(60,474)	$	(61,205)

(1)    Amount related to our defined benefit plans that was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and included as a component of pension expense within general and administrative expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020.

(2)    Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net into interest expense, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations represent payments either received from or made to the counterparty for the interest rate swaps. See Note 7 for additional details.

(3)    During the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we dedesignated the cash flow relationship and discontinued hedge accounting treatment for the 2018 Swaps. As a result, we reclassified approximately $7.4 million of losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations related to the portion of forecasted transaction no longer considered probable of occurring. The remaining losses related to the 2018 Swaps will continue to be included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and will be amortized as a component of interest expense, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations over the remaining term of the 2018 Swaps. For the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we amortized approximately $0.6 million of losses to interest expense, net related to the 2018 Swaps. See Note 7 for additional details.

Note 14.     Commitments and Contingencies

We have guarantees related to certain franchisee loans. Payments under these guarantees would result from the inability of a franchisee to fund required payments when due. Through September 23, 2020, no events had occurred that caused us to make payments under these guarantees. There were $0.4 million and $0.6 million of loans outstanding under these programs as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively. As of September 23, 2020, the maximum amount payable under the loan guarantees was $0.4 million. As a result of these guarantees, we have recorded liabilities of less than $0.1 million as of both September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, which are included as a component of other noncurrent liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

There are various claims and pending legal actions against or indirectly involving us, incidental to and arising out of the ordinary course of the business. In the opinion of management, based upon information currently available, the ultimate liability with respect to these proceedings and claims will not materially affect our consolidated results of operations or financial position. 

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Note 15.     Supplemental Cash Flow Information

	Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Income taxes paid, net	$	545	$	17,853
Interest paid	$	11,851	$	14,393
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common stock, pursuant to share-based compensation plans	$	6,042	$	7,522
Noncash consideration received in connection with the sale of real estate	$	—	$	3,000
Execution of finance leases	$	95	$	305
Treasury stock payable	$	—	$	228
Receivables in connection with disposition of property	$	—	$	3,446
Insurance proceeds receivable	$	—	$	48

Note 16. Subsequent Events

Modification of Performance Share Units

On September 30, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors (the "Board") approved adjustments to certain performance share units (“PSUs”) granted to employees as part of the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Program.

Awards for 2018 and 2019 were originally made 100% in the form of PSUs with three-year performance periods (2018-2020 for the 2018 PSUs and 2019-2021 for the 2019 PSUs). The PSUs are earned based 50% on growth in earnings per share over the performance period (“EPS Growth”) and 50% on the relative total stockholder return of the Company for the performance period against a peer group for the 2018 awards and against the S&P 600 Consumer Discretionary Index for the 2019 awards (“Relative TSR”).

The full service dining sector in which the Company operates has been severely negatively impacted by business disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. These business disruptions, which could not have been foreseen when the 2018 and 2019 PSUs were awarded, have caused the EPS Growth goals for the PSUs to be unattainable. To address the loss of retentive and incentive value due to these unforeseen events, the Board approved the following adjustments to the 2018 and 2019 PSUs:

2018 PSUs

The EPS Growth goal for the 2018 PSUs was measured in accordance with the methodology established at the time of grant for the first two years of the performance period, 2018-2019, before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. That performance was above the maximum goal that had been set. That portion of the award was then prorated by two-thirds (since two-thirds of the performance period had been completed before the pandemic). The modification impacts approximately 0.2 million PSUs with a fair value of approximately $2.4 million at the modification date based on the grant date fair value of $10.00, the market value of our stock on the date of grant. The modified award equals 100% of target (i.e., 150% performance times two-thirds). The modified award will vest and be expensed over the three-month period ending December 30, 2020 (the remaining term of the original award), subject to continued employment. Prior to the modification, the fair value of the award was zero.

2019 PSUs

The Board removed the 2019-2021 EPS Growth goal and will instead apply the 2019-2021 Relative TSR goal to that portion of the award. The modification impacts approximately 0.3 million PSUs with an estimated fair value of approximately $2.4 million to $3.2 million at the modification date. The fair value will be based on a Monte Carlo valuation, which will be completed during the fourth quarter of 2020, as the modified awards contain a market condition. The modified award will vest and be expensed over the fifteen-month period ending December 29, 2021 (the remaining term of the original award), subject to continued employment. Prior to the modification, the fair value of the award was zero.

The Board did not change the existing Relative TSR portion of either award. These adjustments will be accounted for as modifications beginning in the fourth quarter of 2020.

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Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

This report includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as codified in Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company urges caution in considering its current trends and any outlook on its operations and financial results disclosed in this report. In addition, certain matters discussed in this report may constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements, which reflect management's best judgment based on factors currently known, are intended to speak only as of the date such statements are made and involve risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual performance of Denny’s Corporation, its subsidiaries, and underlying restaurants to be materially different from the performance indicated or implied by such statements. Words such as “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “intend”, “plan”, “hope”, "will" and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Except as may be required by law, the Company expressly disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Factors that could cause actual performance to differ materially from the performance indicated by these forward-looking statements include, among others: the rapidly evolving COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures, including the potential for further operational disruption from government mandates affecting restaurants; economic, public health and political conditions that impact consumer confidence and spending, including COVID-19; competitive pressures from within the restaurant industry; the level of success of our operating initiatives and advertising and promotional efforts; adverse publicity; health concerns arising from food-related pandemics, outbreaks of flu viruses, or other diseases; changes in business strategy or development plans; terms and availability of capital; regional weather conditions; overall changes in the general economy (including with regard to energy costs), particularly at the retail level; political environment (including acts of war and terrorism); and other factors from time to time set forth in the Company’s SEC reports and other filings, including but not limited to the discussion in Management’s Discussion and Analysis and the risks identified in Item 1A. Risk Factors contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 25, 2019, the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 25, 2020 and June 24, 2020, this report on Form 10-Q and in the Company’s subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization classified the COVID-19 outbreak as a pandemic. Following the pandemic declaration, federal, state and local governments responded by implementing restrictions on travel, "stay at home" directives, "social distancing" guidance, limitations of dine-in food service, and mandated dining room closures, which collectively had a significant adverse impact on the Company’s business performance, results of operations and cash flows for the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020.

Operating Initiatives

In response to various government orders restricting dine-in restaurant food service, the Company implemented a number of initiatives to support Denny’s restaurants including: free delivery when guests place orders through the Company’s website or mobile app, a contactless delivery option, streamlined menus to facilitate greater operational efficiency, a platform of shareable family meal packs, a curb-side ordering and pick up option, selling grocery items where permitted, highlighting value products, and evolving our dining service to include outdoor seating options.

The Company remains focused on the safety and wellbeing of its guests, restaurant teams, franchisees, employees, and suppliers. Retraining materials and communications have been distributed to the entire system of restaurants, reinforcing strict food safety procedures, handwashing and personal hygiene standards, and enhanced daily deep cleaning protocols. Restaurant teams are subject to daily temperature checks, are expected to wear face masks and gloves, and must wash their hands with alcohol-based sanitizer at regular intervals throughout their shift. The Company has remained in close contact with public health officials and government agencies to ensure all public health concerns are appropriately addressed. The current restrictions and the Company's related enhanced safety protocols are expected largely to continue and may have an adverse impact on our operating costs.

The Company has also worked closely with its suppliers to address contingency plans and has not experienced any significant supply chain disruptions.

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Current Trends

Domestic system-wide same-store sales¹ sequentially improved during the third quarter ended September 23, 2020, as compared to the equivalent periods during 2019, despite approximately 25% of the domestic system in California being limited to off-premise only sales channels.

Average unit volumes of off-premise sales have increased over 95% since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, supported by temporarily waived delivery fees, curbside service programs, and shareable family meal packs.

The following table presents monthly sales results compared to the equivalent fiscal months in 2019:

Domestic System-Wide Same-Store Sales¹ for 2020 Fiscal Periods:

Q1 2020: (6%)			Q2 2020: (57%)			Q3 2020: (34%)			Q4 2020
Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct
3%	2%	(19%)	(76%)	(65%)	(41%)	(39%)	(35%)	(28%)	(26%)*

*Preliminary results

The following table presents domestic capacity restrictions:

Average Domestic Capacity Restrictions for Fiscal October 2020^*:

	Number of Units	% of Domestic System
25% Capacity	229	84%
50-75% Capacity	667
Social Distancing	378
Off-Premise Only	207	14%
No Restrictions	15	1%
Temporarily Closed	19	1%
Total	1515	100%

*Preliminary results

Franchisee Support

Direct financial relief to Denny’s franchise partners has included: deferral of remodels until January 2022, and deferral of most of our domestic development commitments for one year from their original due date, both of which will be reviewed to determine if an additional extension is appropriate; deferral of royalty and advertising fees for week 11 of the 2020 fiscal year; abatement of such fees for weeks 12 and 13 of the 2020 fiscal year; a $3 million royalty abatement in the second fiscal quarter of 2020; and a 12-week lease deferral for franchisees operating in properties owned by the Company. Fiscal weeks 11, 12 and 13 were all within the Company’s first quarter ended March 25, 2020.

Additionally, the Company has secured rent relief in the form of abatements or deferrals for over 78% of the leases in which the Company is a lessee, including those instances in which the Company subleases to franchisees and will be extending the same relief to the franchisees as a pass through.

Furthermore, the Company has worked closely with key vendors and primary third-party franchise lenders to help secure additional relief on behalf of franchisees. Substantially all of Denny’s franchisees pursued available forms of relief under federal stimulus programs, and franchisees representing approximately 99% of total domestic franchise restaurants have received funding under the Paycheck Protection Program.

Cost Savings Initiatives and Capital Allocation

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company implemented the following cost savings measures: suspended travel, canceled in-person field meetings, placed holds on all open corporate and field positions, significantly reduced restaurant level staffing across the Company portfolio, meaningfully reduced compensation for the Company’s board of directors and multiple levels of management, and furloughed over 25% of the employees at its corporate office, approximately half of which were

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subsequently separated from the Company. The Company subsequently eased certain of these cost savings measures. For example, the Company has resumed recruiting for certain corporate and field positions. In addition, the compensation reductions expired on June 25, 2020.

The Company is also analyzing whether federal tax credits available in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic apply to wages paid to retained employees during the crisis. In addition, the Company suspended share repurchases as of February 27, 2020, and terminated its Rule 10b5-1 Plan effective March 16, 2020, in light of uncertain market conditions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic.

For the quarter ended March 25, 2020, the Company was in compliance with its financial covenants related to its credit facility, but projected that it would not be in compliance with certain financial covenants beginning for the quarter ended June 24, 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Effective May 13, 2020, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment to the current credit facility which amended the current credit agreement dated as of October 26, 2017. See Liquidity and Capital Resources - Credit Facility. As of September 23, 2020, the Company was in compliance with its financial covenants related to the amended credit facility.

On July 6, 2020, the Company closed on the issuance and sale of 8,000,000 shares of common stock. Net proceeds of $69.6 million were received after deducting the underwriters’ discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company and disbursed to pay down the outstanding balance on the credit facility.

______________

(1)     Domestic system-wide same-store sales include sales at company restaurants and non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants that were open the same period in the prior year. Total operating revenue is limited to company restaurant sales and royalties, advertising revenue, fees and occupancy revenue from non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants. Accordingly, domestic system-wide same-store sales should be considered as a supplement to, not a substitute for, the Company's results as reported under GAAP.

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Statements of Operations

The following table contains information derived from our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations expressed as a percentage of total operating revenue, except as noted below. Percentages may not add due to rounding.

	Quarter Ended										Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020					September 25, 2019					September 23, 2020					September 25, 2019
	(Dollars in thousands)
Revenue:
Company restaurant sales	$	27,849		38.9	%	$	63,582		51.2	%	$	85,268		40.9	%	$	257,574		60.2	%
Franchise and license revenue	43,795			61.1	%	60,676			48.8	%	123,232			59.1	%	169,979			39.8	%
Total operating revenue	71,644			100.0	%	124,258			100.0	%	208,500			100.0	%	427,553			100.0	%
Costs of company restaurant sales, excluding depreciation and amortization (a):
Product costs	7,106			25.5	%	15,603			24.5	%	21,541			25.3	%	62,871			24.4	%
Payroll and benefits	11,925			42.8	%	23,777			37.4	%	37,070			43.5	%	100,475			39.0	%
Occupancy	2,638			9.5	%	4,301			6.8	%	8,529			10.0	%	15,583			6.0	%
Other operating expenses	5,701			20.5	%	10,625			16.7	%	15,954			18.7	%	39,320			15.3	%
Total costs of company restaurant sales	27,370			98.3	%	54,306			85.4	%	83,094			97.5	%	218,249			84.7	%
Costs of franchise and license revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization (a)	24,073			55.0	%	31,136			51.3	%	68,487			55.6	%	87,065			51.2	%
General and administrative expenses	13,694			19.1	%	16,395			13.2	%	34,589			16.6	%	53,659			12.6	%
Depreciation and amortization	4,048			5.7	%	4,338			3.5	%	12,252			5.9	%	15,619			3.7	%
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	(781)			(1.1)	%	(50,091)			(40.3)	%	2,319			1.1	%	(85,459)			(20.0)	%
Total operating costs and expenses, net	68,404			95.5	%	56,084			45.1	%	200,741			96.3	%	289,133			67.6	%
Operating income	3,240			4.5	%	68,174			54.9	%	7,759			3.7	%	138,420			32.4	%
Interest expense, net	4,422			6.2	%	4,188			3.4	%	13,320			6.4	%	14,977			3.5	%
Other nonoperating expense (income), net	(8,477)			(11.8)	%	(415)			(0.3)	%	3,851			1.8	%	(2,111)			(0.5)	%
Income (loss) before income taxes	7,295			10.2	%	64,401			51.8	%	(9,412)			(4.5)	%	125,554			29.4	%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	818			1.1	%	15,279			12.3	%	(1,937)			(0.9)	%	26,703			6.2	%
Net income (loss)	$	6,477		9.0	%	$	49,122		39.5	%	$	(7,475)		(3.6)	%	$	98,851		23.1	%
Other Data:
Company average unit sales	$	423				$	640				$	1,313				$	1,820
Franchise average unit sales	$	282				$	421				$	868				$	1,242
Company equivalent units (b)	66					99					65					141
Franchise equivalent units (b)	1,608					1,603					1,620					1,560
Company same-store sales increase (decrease) (c)(d)	(40.2)		%			(0.2)		%			(37.4)		%			2.1		%
Domestic franchise same-store sales increase (decrease) (c)(d)	(33.1)		%			1.2		%			(30.1)		%			2.0		%

(a)Costs of company restaurant sales percentages are as a percentage of company restaurant sales. Costs of franchise and license revenue percentages are as a percentage of franchise and license revenue. All other percentages are as a percentage of total operating revenue.

(b)Equivalent units are calculated as the weighted average number of units outstanding during a defined time period.

(c)Same-store sales include sales from company restaurants or non-consolidated franchised and licensed restaurants that were open the same period in the prior year.

(d)Prior year amounts have not been restated for 2020 comparable units.

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Unit Activity

	Quarter Ended		Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020	September 25, 2019	September 23, 2020	September 25, 2019
Company restaurants, beginning of period	67	133	68	173
Units opened	—	—	—	—
Units sold to franchisees	—	(56)	—	(96)
Units closed	(1)	—	(2)	—
End of period	66	77	66	77
Franchised and licensed restaurants, beginning of period	1,616	1,569	1,635	1,536
Units opened	5	13	16	21
Units purchased from Company	—	56	—	96
Units closed	(23)	(9)	(53)	(24)
End of period	1,598	1,629	1,598	1,629
Total restaurants, end of period	1,664	1,706	1,664	1,706

Company Restaurant Operations

During the quarter ended September 23, 2020, company restaurant sales decreased $35.7 million, or 56.2%, primarily resulting from 33 fewer equivalent company restaurants as compared to the prior year period and a 40.2% decrease in company same-store sales caused primarily by dine-in restrictions and temporary closures related to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, company restaurant sales decreased $172.3 million, or 66.9%, primarily resulting from 76 fewer equivalent company restaurants as compared to the prior year period and a 37.4% decrease in company same-store sales. The decreases in equivalent company restaurants were the result of our refranchising and development strategy during 2019.

Total costs of company restaurant sales as a percentage of company restaurant sales was 98.3% for the quarter and 97.5% year-to-date compared to 85.4% and 84.7%, respectively, for the prior year periods.

Product costs were 25.5% for the quarter and 25.3% year-to-date compared to 24.5% and 24.4%, respectively, for the prior year periods as a result of increases in paper products due to the increase in delivery and to-go orders related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Payroll and benefits were 42.8% for the quarter and 43.5% year-to-date compared to 37.4% and 39.0%, respectively, in the prior year periods. The increases as a percentage of sales were primarily the result of sales deleveraging caused by lower sales resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. For the quarter and year-to-date periods, management and staff payroll, including incentive compensation and payroll taxes, increased 5.7 percentage points and 4.5 percentage points as a percentage of sales. The primary driver of these increases was management labor as we retained a significant portion of our management staff during the time that restaurants were closed or operating under government restrictions. In addition, for the quarter and year-to-date periods, group benefit costs increased 0.9 percentage points and 0.3 percentage points. The negative impact of lower sales has been partially offset by lower workers' compensation costs and tax credits related to the CARES Act. For the quarter and year-to-date periods, workers' compensation costs decreased 1.2 percentage points and 0.3 percentage points as a result of fewer claims and positive claims development. Tax credits related to the CARES Act were approximately $0.6 million for the quarter and year-to-date periods.

Occupancy costs were 9.5% for the quarter and 10.0% year-to-date compared to 6.8% and 6.0%, respectively, for the prior year periods. The increases as a percentage of sales were primarily due to the sales deleveraging effect caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, the impact of last year's refranchising of restaurants where we owned the real estate is contributing to the rate increase. The current year quarter also benefited from $0.4 million of positive general liability claims development compared to $0.4 million of negative claims development in the prior year period.

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Other operating expenses were comprised of the following amounts and percentages of company restaurant sales: 

	Quarter Ended								Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020				September 25, 2019				September 23, 2020				September 25, 2019
	(Dollars in thousands)
Utilities	$	1,281	4.6	%	$	2,438	3.8	%	$	3,815	4.5	%	$	8,916	3.5	%
Repairs and maintenance	711		2.6	%	1,774		2.8	%	1,928		2.3	%	5,742		2.2	%
Marketing	1,045		3.8	%	2,411		3.8	%	2,771		3.2	%	9,357		3.6	%
Other direct costs	2,664		9.6	%	4,002		6.3	%	7,440		8.7	%	15,305		5.9	%
Other operating expenses	$	5,701	20.5	%	$	10,625	16.7	%	$	15,954	18.7	%	$	39,320	15.3	%

Other direct costs were higher as a percentage of sales due to the deleveraging effect of lower sales as well as higher delivery costs due to the increase in delivery sales during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Franchise Operations

Franchise and license revenue and costs of franchise and license revenue consisted of the following amounts and percentages of franchise and license revenue for the periods indicated:

	Quarter Ended								Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020				September 25, 2019				September 23, 2020				September 25, 2019
	(Dollars in thousands)
Royalties	$	17,896	40.9	%	$	27,830	45.9	%	$	48,462	39.3	%	$	79,742	46.9	%
Advertising revenue	13,927		31.8	%	20,756		34.2	%	38,685		31.4	%	59,582		35.1	%
Initial and other fees	1,890		4.3	%	1,356		2.2	%	4,933		4.0	%	4,250		2.5	%
Occupancy revenue	10,082		23.0	%	10,734		17.7	%	31,152		25.3	%	26,405		15.5	%
Franchise and license revenue	$	43,795	100.0	%	$	60,676	100.0	%	$	123,232	100.0	%	$	169,979	100.0	%
Advertising costs	$	13,927	31.8	%	$	20,757	34.2	%	$	38,685	31.4	%	$	59,583	35.1	%
Occupancy costs	6,858		15.7	%	7,257		12.0	%	20,096		16.3	%	18,018		10.6	%
Other direct costs	3,288		7.5	%	3,122		5.1	%	9,706		7.9	%	9,464		5.6	%
Costs of franchise and license revenue	$	24,073	55.0	%	$	31,136	51.3	%	$	68,487	55.6	%	$	87,065	51.2	%

Franchise and license revenue decreased $16.9 million, or 27.8%, for the quarter and $46.7 million, or 27.5%, year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. Royalties decreased $9.9 million, or 35.7%, and $31.3 million, or 39.2%, for the quarter and year-to-date periods, respectively, compared to the prior year periods. Advertising revenue decreased $6.8 million, or 32.9%, for the quarter and $20.9 million, or 35.1%, year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. The decreases in royalty and advertising revenue primarily resulted from 33.1% and 30.1% decreases in domestic same-store sales for the respective periods. Additionally, we abated $0.2 million of royalties during the quarter and $5.0 million of royalties and $1.3 million of advertising fees year-to-date to help our franchisees weather the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Partially offsetting these decreases for both periods were increases in equivalent units of five and 60 on a quarter-to-date and year-to-date basis, respectively, resulting from our refranchising and development strategy in 2019.

Initial and other fees increased $0.5 million, or 39.4%, for the quarter and $0.7 million, or 16.1%, year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. Occupancy revenue decreased $0.7 million, or 6.1%, for the quarter and increased $4.7 million, or 18.0%, year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. The decrease in occupancy revenue for the quarter primarily resulted from lower percentage rents as a result of sales decreases. The increase in occupancy revenue year-to-date resulted from additional leases and subleases to franchisees as a result of our refranchising and development strategy in 2019.

Costs of franchise and license revenue decreased $7.1 million, or 22.7%, for the quarter and $18.6 million, or 21.3%, year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. The decreases were primarily related to the decrease in advertising costs, which corresponded to the related advertising revenue decreases noted above. Occupancy costs decreased $0.4 million, or 5.5%, for the quarter and increased $2.1 million, or 11.5%, year-to-date compared to prior year periods. The decrease in occupancy costs for the quarter primarily resulted from lower percentage rent expense as a result of sales decreases. The increase in occupancy

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costs year-to-date were primarily related to the sale of leased company units to franchisees in the prior year, partially offset by lower percentage rent expense as a result of the sales decreases. Other direct franchise costs increased $0.2 million, or 5.3%, for the quarter and $0.2 million, or 2.5%, year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. The increases in other direct franchise costs for the quarter and year-to-date periods were primarily due to $0.5 million and $1.4 million, respectively, of bad debt allowances resulting from actual and expected losses on franchise-related receivables due to the COVID-19 pandemic. These increases were partially offset by reductions in franchise administrative costs. As a result, costs of franchise and license revenue increased to 55.0% and 55.6% for the quarter and year-to-date periods ended September 23, 2020 from 51.3% and 51.2% for the respective prior year periods.

Other Operating Costs and Expenses

Other operating costs and expenses such as general and administrative expenses and depreciation and amortization expense relate to both company and franchise operations.

General and administrative expenses consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Corporate administrative expenses	$	9,820	$	12,091	$	31,302	$	37,396
Share-based compensation	1,998		2,176		1,972		7,142
Incentive compensation	1,290		1,872		1,305		7,329
Deferred compensation valuation adjustments	586		256		10		1,792
Total general and administrative expenses	$	13,694	$	16,395	$	34,589	$	53,659

Corporate administrative expenses decreased $2.3 million for the quarter and $6.1 million year-to-date primarily due to cost savings initiatives related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including tax credits related to the CARES Act of approximately $0.8 million for the quarter and year-to-date periods, and the rationalization of certain business costs in connection with our refranchising and development strategy. Share-based compensation decreased $0.2 million for the quarter and $5.2 million year-to-date. Incentive compensation decreased $0.6 million for the quarter and $6.0 million year-to-date. The decreases in share-based compensation and incentive compensation primarily resulted from lower expectations of meeting performance measures due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Subsequent to the end of the quarter ended September 23, 2020, certain employee share awards were modified. See Note 16 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report for additional details. Changes in deferred compensation valuation adjustments have offsetting gains or losses on the underlying nonqualified deferred plan investments included as a component of other non-operating expense (income), net, for the corresponding periods.

Depreciation and amortization consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Depreciation of property and equipment	$	2,834	$	2,865	$	8,525	$	10,415
Amortization of financing lease right-of-use assets	456		592		1,423		2,473
Amortization of intangible and other assets	758		881		2,304		2,731
Total depreciation and amortization expense	$	4,048	$	4,338	$	12,252	$	15,619

The decreases in depreciation and amortization expense during the current quarter and year-to-date periods were primarily related to refranchising restaurants as part of our refranchising and development strategy during 2019.

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Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Gains on sales of assets and other, net	$	(1,202)	$	(51,183)	$	(2,260)	$	(87,497)
Restructuring charges and exit costs	83		1,092		2,060		2,038
Impairment charges	338		—		2,519		—
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	$	(781)	$	(50,091)	$	2,319	$	(85,459)

Gains on sales of assets and other, net were primarily related to the sale of three parcels of real estate during the quarter and five parcels of real estate during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. During the quarter ended September 25, 2019, gains on sale of assets and other, net included $50.4 million in gains on the sale of 56 company restaurants and $1.3 million in gains on the sales of two parcels of real estate. During the three quarters ended September 25, 2019, gains on sales of assets and other, net included $76.8 million in gains on the sales of 96 company restaurants and $11.9 million on the sale of six parcels of real estate. These sales were part of our refranchising and development strategy.

Restructuring charges and exit costs consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Exit costs	$	75	$	20	$	169	$	194
Severance and other restructuring charges	8		1,072		1,891		1,844
Total restructuring and exit costs	$	83	$	1,092	$	2,060	$	2,038

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, the Company permanently separated approximately 50 support center staff resulting in increased severance and other restructuring charges for the year. During the quarter and three quarters ended September 25, 2019, severance and other restructuring charges were the result of cost reduction efforts as the Company moved to a more heavily franchised model.

Impairment charges of $0.3 million during the quarter and $2.5 million year-to-date were the result of an assessment of the recoverability of assets resulting from the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Operating income was $3.2 million for the quarter and $7.8 million year-to-date compared to income of $68.2 million and $138.4 million, respectively, for the prior year periods.

Interest expense, net consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Interest on credit facilities	$	2,251	$	2,698	$	6,790	$	9,633
Interest on interest rate swaps, net	471		78		2,097		40
Interest on financing lease liabilities	789		906		2,348		3,740
Letters of credit and other fees	349		327		860		951
Interest income	(11)		(60)		(78)		(145)
Total cash interest, net	3,849		3,949		12,017		14,219
Amortization of deferred financing costs	251		152		591		456
Amortization of interest rate swap losses	283		—		552		—
Interest accretion on other liabilities	39		87		160		302
Total interest expense, net	$	4,422	$	4,188	$	13,320	$	14,977

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Interest expense, net increased by $0.2 million for the quarter and decreased by $1.7 million year-to-date compared to the prior year periods. The increase in interest expense for the quarter was primarily due to the amortization of dedesignated interest rate swap losses from accumulated other comprehensive income, net. The year-to-date decrease was primarily due to lower net interest rates on borrowings and a reduction in financing lease interest resulting from sales of restaurants to franchisees during the prior year.

Other nonoperating expense (income), net was income of $8.5 million for the quarter and a loss of $3.9 million year-to-date, compared to income of $0.4 million and $2.1 million, respectively, for the prior year periods. Other nonoperating expense (income) for the quarter primarily consisted of $7.8 million in income related to interest rate swap valuation adjustments. The year-to-date period includes losses on interest rate swaps of $7.4 million resulting from the discontinuance of hedge accounting treatment on a portion of our interest rate swaps and income of $3.7 million related to interest rate swap valuation adjustments on dedesignated interest rate swaps. Additionally, nonoperating expense increased by $1.8 million year-to-date as compared to the prior year period due to lower gains on deferred compensation plan investments. For additional details related to the interest rate swaps, see Note 7 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes was expense of $0.8 million for the quarter and a benefit of $1.9 million year-to-date, compared to expense of $15.3 million and $26.7 million for the prior year periods. These decreases were primarily due to the significant gains in the prior year from the Company's refranchising and development strategy. The 2020 year-to-date rate included a net benefit of 22.2% from the reclassification of cash flow derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive loss. The effective tax rate was 11.2% for the quarter and 20.6% year-to-date, compared to 23.7% and 21.3%, respectively, for the prior year periods. The 2019 quarterly and year-to-date rates included the impact of excess tax benefits relating to share-based compensation of 1.0% and 1.8%, respectively.

Net income (loss) was net income of $6.5 million for the quarter and a net loss of $7.5 million year-to-date compared with net income of $49.1 million and $98.9 million, respectively, for the prior year periods.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity and capital resources are cash generated from operations and borrowings under our credit facility (as described below). Principal uses of cash are operating expenses, capital expenditures and, prior to the second quarter of 2020, the repurchase of shares of our common stock.

The following table presents a summary of our sources and uses of cash and cash equivalents for the periods indicated:

	Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	(11,610)	$	32,026
Net cash provided by investing activities	1,275		95,635
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	18,180		(130,667)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	7,845	$	(3,006)

Net cash flows used in operating activities were $11.6 million for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020 compared to net cash flows provided by operating activities of $32.0 million for the three quarters ended September 25, 2019. The decrease in cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities was primarily due to impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the timing of prior year accrual payments during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. We believe that our estimated cash flows from operations for 2020, combined with our capacity for additional borrowings under our credit facility and cash on hand, will enable us to meet our anticipated cash requirements and fund capital expenditures over the next 12 months.

Net cash flows provided by investing activities were $1.3 million for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. These cash flows were primarily comprised of proceeds from sales of real estate of $4.5 million and proceeds from the sale of investments of $2.9 million, partially offset by capital expenditures of $5.5 million and investment purchases of $1.4 million. Net cash flows provided by investing activities were $95.6 million for the three quarters ended September 25, 2019. These cash flows were primarily comprised of proceeds from sales of restaurants and real estate of $118.4 million and the collections of notes receivable of $3.0 million, partially offset by capital expenditures of $12.6 million, acquisitions of real estate of $9.5 million, deposits on acquisitions of real estate of $1.5 million, and investment purchases of $1.3 million.

29

Our principal capital requirements have been largely associated with the following:

	Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Facilities	$	2,808	$	8,285
New construction	114		1,999
Remodeling	991		1,104
Information technology	1,164		941
Other	399		317
Capital expenditures (excluding acquisitions)	$	5,476	$	12,646

Cash flows provided by financing activities were $18.2 million for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, which included proceeds of $69.6 million from the issuance of common stock, partially offset by net long-term debt repayments of $11.1 million and cash payments for stock repurchases of $36.0 million. Cash flows used in financing activities were $130.7 million for the three quarters ended September 25, 2019, which included cash payments for stock repurchases of $50.6 million, and net long-term debt repayments of $75.5 million.

Our working capital deficit was $15.3 million at September 23, 2020 compared to $42.8 million at December 25, 2019. The decrease in working capital deficit was primarily related to lower payables and accruals resulting from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We are able to operate with a substantial working capital deficit because (1) restaurant operations and most food service operations are conducted primarily on a cash (and cash equivalent) basis with a low level of accounts receivable, (2) rapid turnover allows a limited investment in inventories, and (3) accounts payable for food, beverages and supplies usually becomes due after the receipt of cash from the related sales.

Credit Facility

Denny's and certain of its subsidiaries have a credit facility consisting of a five-year $400 million senior secured revolver (with a $30 million letter of credit sublimit). The credit facility includes an accordion feature that would allow us to increase the size of the revolver to $450 million, subject to approval. As of September 23, 2020, we had outstanding revolver loans of $230.0 million and outstanding letters of credit under the credit facility of $17.3 million. These balances resulted in availability of $152.7 million under the credit facility prior to considering the liquidity covenant in our credit facility. Factoring in the liquidity covenant, our availability was $92.7 million. The credit facility is available for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. The credit facility is guaranteed by Denny's and its material subsidiaries and is secured by assets of Denny's and its subsidiaries, including the stock of its subsidiaries (other than our insurance captive subsidiary).

On May 13, 2020, we entered into the Second Amendment to our credit agreement. As a result of the Second Amendment, beginning May 13, 2020 until the date of delivery of our financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, the interest rate of the amended credit agreement was increased to LIBOR plus 3.00% and the commitment fee, which is paid on the unused portion of the credit facility, was increased to 0.40%. During this period, we will also have supplemental monthly reporting obligations to our lenders and will be prohibited from paying dividends and making stock repurchases and other general investments. Additionally, capital expenditures will be restricted to $10 million in the aggregate, from May 13, 2020 through the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021.

The Second Amendment temporarily waives certain financial covenants. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio is waived until the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021, at which point the covenant level will revert to a minimum of 1.50x. The consolidated leverage ratio covenant is waived until the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021, at which point the covenant level will increase from 4.00x to 4.50x, stepping down to 4.25x in the second quarter of 2021 and 4.00x in the third fiscal quarter of 2021 and thereafter. In addition, the Second Amendment adds a monthly minimum liquidity covenant, defined as the sum of unrestricted cash and revolver availability, ranging from $60 million to $70 million, commencing on May 13, 2020 to May 26, 2021. We were in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 23, 2020.

30

Prior to considering the impact of our interest rate swaps, described below, the weighted-average interest rate on outstanding revolver loans was 3.16% and 3.47% as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively. Taking into consideration our interest rate swaps that are designated as cash flow hedges, the weighted-average interest rate of outstanding revolver loans was 4.85% and 3.99% as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively.

Issuance and Sale of Common Stock

On July 1, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several underwriters named therein, for the issuance and sale by the Company of 8,000,000 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $9.15 per share. On July 6, 2020, the Company received net proceeds of $69.6 million from the sale of shares, after deducting the underwriters' discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

Implementation of New Accounting Standards

Information regarding the implementation of new accounting standards is incorporated by reference from Note 2 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Item 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

We have exposure to interest rate risk related to certain instruments entered into for other than trading purposes. Specifically, as of September 23, 2020, borrowings under our credit facility bore interest at variable rates based on LIBOR plus 3.00% per annum.

We have receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the forecasted cash flows of our floating rate debt. A summary of our interest rate swaps as of September 23, 2020 is as follows:

Trade Date	Effective Date	Maturity Date	Notional Amount			Fixed Rate
			(In thousands)
Swaps designated as cash flow hedges
March 20, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2025	$	120,000		2.44	%
October 1, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2026	50,000			2.46	%
Dedesignated swaps
February 15, 2018	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2033	80,000		(1)	3.19	%

(1)     The notional amounts of the swaps entered into on February 15, 2018 increase annually beginning September 30, 2020 until they reach the maximum notional amount of $425.0 million on September 28, 2029.

As of September 23, 2020, the total notional amount of our interest rate swaps was in excess of 100% of our floating rate debt. Based on the levels of borrowings under the credit facility at September 23, 2020, if interest rates changed by 100 basis points, our annual cash flow and income before taxes would not change. However, depending on market considerations, fluctuations in the fair values of our interest rate swaps could be significant. With the exception of these changes in the fair value of our interest rate swaps and in the levels of borrowings under our credit facility, there have been no material changes in our quantitative and qualitative market risks since the prior reporting period. For additional information related to our interest rate swaps, including changes in the fair value, refer to Notes 6, 7 and 13 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

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Item 4.     Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), our management conducted an evaluation (under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer, John C. Miller, and our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Robert P. Verostek) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based on that evaluation, Messrs. Miller and Verostek each concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including Messrs. Miller and Verostek, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.     Legal Proceedings

Information regarding legal proceedings is incorporated by reference from Note 14 to our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

Item 1A.     Risk Factors

The Company is supplementing the Risk Factors previously disclosed in Item 1A of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2019, (the “Annual Report”) and the Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarters ended March 25, 2020 and June 24, 2020. The following risk factors should be read in conjunction with the Risk Factors disclosed in the Annual Report and such other reports.

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted and is expected to continue to disrupt our business, which could continue to have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition for an extended period of time.

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the economy in general, and our business specifically, and it could continue to negatively affect our business in a number of ways. These effects could include, but are not limited to:

•disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work effectively due to travel bans, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders or other limitations.

•temporary restrictions on and closures of our company operated restaurants and our franchised and licensed restaurants or our suppliers.

•failure of third parties on which we rely, including our franchisees and suppliers, to meet their respective obligations to the Company, or significant disruptions in their ability to do so, which may be caused by their own financial or operational difficulties or issues with the regional or national supply chain.

•volatility of commodity costs due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

•disruptions or uncertainties related to the COVID-19 outbreak for a sustained period of time which could hinder our ability to achieve our strategic goals and our ability to meet financial obligations as they come due.

•customer reluctance to return to in-restaurant dining.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic, or other outbreaks of disease or similar public health threats, materially and adversely impacts our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition is highly uncertain and will depend on future developments. Such developments may include the geographic spread and duration of the virus, the severity of the disease and the actions that may be taken by various governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the outbreak.

In addition, how quickly, and to what extent, normal economic and operating conditions can resume cannot be predicted, and the resumption of normal business operations may be delayed or constrained by lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on us or our franchisees, suppliers, third-party service providers, and/or customers. During the quarters ended June 24, 2020

32

and September 23, 2020, many state and local governments started to ease certain restrictions on our Company operated and franchise restaurants and we began to reopen dining rooms with capacity limitations. As dining room restrictions ease, we expect to incur increased cleaning and supply costs and labor inefficiencies as we adjust to improved sales volumes and enhanced health and safety protocols. We may not be able to attract customers to our reopened restaurants given the risks, or perceived risks, of gathering in public places, dining in restaurants and complying with social distancing and/or depressed consumer sentiment due to adverse economic conditions, including job losses, among other things. We also may be unable to reinstate, retain and incentivize our employees. Previously terminated or furloughed employees may have found other jobs or otherwise be unwilling or unable to return to work. Even as restaurants resume operations, a single case of COVID-19 in a restaurant could result in additional costs and further closures, or a “second wave” or recurrence of COVID-19 cases could cause state and local governments to reinstate restrictions on our restaurants, as we have seen recently, and we may need to temporarily close our restaurants or otherwise limit operations.

While we currently intend for all Company owned restaurants to reopen, certain Company operated and franchise restaurants may remain permanently closed or ultimately close as a result of the pandemic. The effects of the pandemic on our business could be long-lasting and could continue to have adverse effects on our business, results of operations, liquidity, cash flows and financial condition, some of which may be significant, and may adversely impact our ability to operate our business on the same terms as we conducted business prior to the pandemic even after our restaurants fully reopen.

33

Item 6.     Exhibits

The following are included as exhibits to this report: 

Exhibit No.	Description
31.1	Certification of John C. Miller, Chief Executive Officer of Denny's Corporation, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Robert P. Verostek, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Denny's Corporation, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of John C. Miller, Chief Executive Officer of Denny's Corporation, and Robert P. Verostek, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Denny's Corporation, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

34

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		DENNY'S CORPORATION
Date:	October 27, 2020	By:	/s/ Robert P. Verostek
			Robert P. Verostek
			Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:	October 27, 2020	By:	/s/ Jay C. Gilmore
			Jay C. Gilmore
			Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Corporate Controller

35

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, John C. Miller, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Denny’s Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Date:	October 27, 2020	By:	/s/ John C. Miller
			John C. Miller
			Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Robert P. Verostek, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Denny’s Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal controls over financial reporting.

Date:	October 27, 2020	By:	/s/ Robert P. Verostek
			Robert P. Verostek
			Senior Vice President and
			Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION

John C. Miller

Chief Executive Officer of Denny’s Corporation

and

Robert P. Verostek

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

As Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Denny’s Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 23, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John C. Miller, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and I, Robert P. Verostek, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:	October 27, 2020	By:	/s/ John C. Miller
			John C. Miller
			Chief Executive Officer

Date:	October 27, 2020	By:	/s/ Robert P. Verostek
			Robert P. Verostek
			Senior Vice President and
			Chief Financial Officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to Denny’s Corporation and will be retained by Denny’s Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Oct. 22, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 23, 2020
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	0-18051
Entity Registrant Name	DENNY’S CORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	13-3487402
Entity Address, Address Line One	203 East Main Street
Entity Address, City or Town	Spartanburg,
Entity Address, State or Province	SC
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	29319-0001
City Area Code	864
Local Phone Number	597-8000
Title of 12(b) Security	$.01 Par Value, Common Stock
Trading Symbol	DENN
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		63,768,120
Entity Central Index Key	0000852772
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-25
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 11,217	$ 3,372
Investments	2,266	3,649
Receivables, net	20,637	27,488
Inventories	1,017	1,325
Assets held for sale	3,206	1,925
Prepaid and other current assets	18,838	14,974
Total current assets	57,181	52,733
Property, net of accumulated depreciation of $147,510 and $147,445, respectively	89,466	97,626
Financing lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization of $9,484 and $8,468, respectively	10,284	11,720
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	145,302	158,550
Goodwill	36,884	36,832
Intangible assets, net	52,100	53,956
Deferred financing costs, net	2,119	1,727
Deferred income taxes, net	27,047	14,718
Other noncurrent assets	30,414	32,525
Total assets	450,797	460,387
Current liabilities:
Current finance lease liabilities	1,963	1,674
Current operating lease liabilities	18,253	16,344
Accounts payable	10,898	20,256
Other current liabilities	41,346	57,307
Total current liabilities	72,460	95,581
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term debt	230,000	240,000
Noncurrent finance lease liabilities	13,805	14,779
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities	142,110	152,750
Liability for insurance claims, less current portion	10,572	11,454
Other noncurrent liabilities	120,221	83,887
Total long-term liabilities	516,708	502,870
Total liabilities	589,168	598,451
Shareholders' deficit
Common stock $0.01 par value; 135,000 shares authorized; September 23, 2020: 117,778 shares issued and 63,768 shares outstanding; December 25, 2019: 109,415 shares issued and 57,095 shares outstanding	1,178	1,094
Paid-in capital	672,502	603,980
Deficit	(196,873)	(189,398)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(61,205)	(33,960)
Treasury stock, at cost, 54,010 and 52,320 shares, respectively	(553,973)	(519,780)
Total shareholders' deficit	(138,371)	(138,064)
Total liabilities and shareholders' deficit	$ 450,797	$ 460,387

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Assets
Accumulated depreciation	$ 147,510	$ 147,445
Accumulated amortization	$ 9,484	$ 8,468
Shareholders' deficit
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	135,000,000	135,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	117,778,000	109,415,000
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	63,768,000	57,095,000
Treasury stock, at cost, shares (in shares)	54,010,000	52,320,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Revenue:
Total operating revenue	$ 71,644	$ 124,258	$ 208,500	$ 427,553
Costs of company restaurant sales, excluding depreciation and amortization:
Product costs	7,106	15,603	21,541	62,871
Payroll and benefits	11,925	23,777	37,070	100,475
Occupancy	2,638	4,301	8,529	15,583
Other operating expenses	5,701	10,625	15,954	39,320
Total costs of company restaurant sales	27,370	54,306	83,094	218,249
Costs of franchise and license revenue, excluding depreciation and amortization	24,073	31,136	68,487	87,065
General and administrative expenses	13,694	16,395	34,589	53,659
Depreciation and amortization	4,048	4,338	12,252	15,619
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	(781)	(50,091)	2,319	(85,459)
Total operating costs and expenses, net	68,404	56,084	200,741	289,133
Operating income	3,240	68,174	7,759	138,420
Interest expense, net	4,422	4,188	13,320	14,977
Other nonoperating expense (income), net	(8,477)	(415)	3,851	(2,111)
Income (loss) before income taxes	7,295	64,401	(9,412)	125,554
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	818	15,279	(1,937)	26,703
Net income (loss)	$ 6,477	$ 49,122	$ (7,475)	$ 98,851
Basic net income (loss) per share	$ 0.10	$ 0.83	$ (0.13)	$ 1.64
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$ 0.10	$ 0.80	$ (0.13)	$ 1.58
Basic weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	63,793	59,430	59,350	60,457
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	64,027	61,189	59,350	62,370
Company restaurant sales
Revenue:
Total operating revenue	$ 27,849	$ 63,582	$ 85,268	$ 257,574
Franchise and license revenue
Revenue:
Total operating revenue	$ 43,795	$ 60,676	$ 123,232	$ 169,979

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 6,477	$ 49,122	$ (7,475)	$ 98,851
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax of $5, $6, $17 and $17, respectively	17	16	50	48
Changes in the fair value of cash flow derivatives, net of tax of $151, $(5,251), $(12,416) and $(13,574), respectively	435	(15,067)	(34,723)	(37,838)
Reclassification of cash flow derivatives to interest expense, net of tax of $121, $21, $541 and $11, respectively	350	57	1,556	29
Reclassification of loss related to dedesignation of derivatives to other nonoperating expense (income), net of tax of $0, $0, $1,892 and $0, respectively	0	0	5,462	0
Amortization of unrealized losses related to dedesignated derivatives to interest expense, net of tax of $73, $0, $142 and $0, respectively	210	0	410	0
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,012	(14,994)	(27,245)	(37,761)
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$ 7,489	$ 34,128	$ (34,720)	$ 61,090

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Tax effect of minimum pension liability adjustment	$ 5	$ 6	$ 17	$ 17
Changes in fair value of cash flow derivatives, tax	151	(5,251)	(12,416)	(13,574)
Reclassification of cash flow derivatives to interest expense, tax	121	21	541	11
Reclassification of loss related to dedesignation of derivatives to other nonoperating expense (income), tax	0	0	1,892	0
Reclassification of unrealized losses related to derivatives to interest expense, tax	$ 73	$ 0	$ 142	$ 0

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Deficit - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Treasury Stock	Paid-in Capital	Deficit	Deficit Revision of Prior Period, Accounting Standards Update, Adjustment	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net	Accelerated Share Repurchase 2018 Treasury Stock
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 26, 2018		108,585
Balance as of beginning of period at Dec. 26, 2018	$ (133,345)	$ 1,086	$ (416,815)	$ 592,944	$ (306,414)	$ (394)	$ (4,146)
Balance as of beginning of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Dec. 26, 2018			(47,052)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	98,851				98,851
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(37,761)						(37,761)
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	3,741			3,741
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)			(2,632)					(389)
Purchase of treasury stock	(50,804)		$ (50,804)
Equity forward contract settlement			(6,763)	6,763
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation (in shares)		468
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation		$ 5		(5)
Exercise of common stock options (in shares)		360
Exercise of common stock options	966	$ 3		963
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 25, 2019		109,413
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 25, 2019	(118,746)	$ 1,094	$ (474,382)	604,406	(207,957)		(41,907)
Balance as of end of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Sep. 25, 2019			(50,073)
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Jun. 26, 2019		109,291
Balance as of beginning of period at Jun. 26, 2019	(142,572)	$ 1,093	$ (461,575)	601,902	(257,079)		(26,913)
Balance as of beginning of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Jun. 26, 2019			(49,484)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	49,122				49,122
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(14,994)						(14,994)
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	2,089			2,089
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)			(589)
Purchase of treasury stock	(12,807)		$ (12,807)
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation (in shares)		3
Exercise of common stock options (in shares)		119
Exercise of common stock options	416	$ 1		415
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 25, 2019		109,413
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 25, 2019	$ (118,746)	$ 1,094	$ (474,382)	604,406	(207,957)		(41,907)
Balance as of end of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Sep. 25, 2019			(50,073)
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Dec. 25, 2019	109,415	109,415
Balance as of beginning of period at Dec. 25, 2019	$ (138,064)	$ 1,094	$ (519,780)	603,980	(189,398)		(33,960)
Balance as of beginning of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Dec. 25, 2019	(52,320)		(52,320)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	$ (7,475)				(7,475)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(27,245)						(27,245)
Issuance of common stock (in shares)		8,000
Issuance of common stock	69,571	$ 80		69,491
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	(1,177)			(1,177)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)			(1,690)
Purchase of treasury stock	(34,193)		$ (34,193)
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation (in shares)		309
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation		$ 3		(3)
Exercise of common stock options (in shares)		54
Exercise of common stock options	$ 212	$ 1		211
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 23, 2020	117,778	117,778
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 23, 2020	$ (138,371)	$ 1,178	$ (553,973)	672,502	(196,873)		(61,205)
Balance as of end of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Sep. 23, 2020	(54,010)		(54,010)
Balance as of beginning of period (in shares) at Jun. 24, 2020		109,719
Balance as of beginning of period at Jun. 24, 2020	$ (217,507)	$ 1,097	$ (553,973)	600,936	(203,350)		(62,217)
Balance as of beginning of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Jun. 24, 2020			(54,010)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	6,477				6,477
Other comprehensive income (loss)	1,012						1,012
Issuance of common stock (in shares)		8,000
Issuance of common stock	69,571	$ 80		69,491
Share-based compensation on equity classified awards, net of withholding tax	1,930			1,930
Issuance of common stock for share-based compensation (in shares)		22
Exercise of common stock options (in shares)		37
Exercise of common stock options	$ 146	$ 1		145
Balance as of end of period (in shares) at Sep. 23, 2020	117,778	117,778
Balance as of end of period at Sep. 23, 2020	$ (138,371)	$ 1,178	$ (553,973)	$ 672,502	$ (196,873)		$ (61,205)
Balance as of end of period, treasury stock (in shares) at Sep. 23, 2020	(54,010)		(54,010)

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (7,475)	$ 98,851
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	12,252	15,619
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	2,319	(85,459)
Loss on interest rate swap derivatives	4,185	0
Amortization of deferred financing costs	591	456
Gains on investments	(117)	(179)
Losses (gains) on termination of leases	43	(157)
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	(2,505)	9,594
Share-based compensation expense	1,972	7,142
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables	7,465	8,095
Inventories	265	1,525
Other current assets	(3,865)	(168)
Other noncurrent assets	474	(3,081)
Operating lease assets and liabilities	1,231	(577)
Accounts payable	(8,540)	(9,411)
Accrued payroll	(8,739)	(6,224)
Accrued taxes	971	(524)
Other accrued liabilities	(6,512)	(5,544)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(5,625)	2,068
Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities	(11,610)	32,026
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(5,476)	(12,646)
Acquisitions of real estate	0	(9,456)
Deposits on acquisitions of real estate	0	(1,538)
Proceeds from sales of restaurants, real estate and other assets	4,536	118,370
Investment purchases	(1,400)	(1,300)
Proceeds from sale of investments	2,900	0
Collections on notes receivable	1,385	3,027
Issuance of notes receivable	(670)	(822)
Net cash flows provided by investing activities	1,275	95,635
Cash flows from financing activities:
Revolver borrowings	140,500	102,500
Revolver payments	(150,500)	(176,000)
Long-term debt payments	(1,115)	(2,044)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	212	966
Tax withholding on share-based payments	(3,049)	(3,206)
Deferred financing costs	(982)	0
Purchase of treasury stock	(36,008)	(50,649)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	69,571	0
Net bank overdrafts	(449)	(2,234)
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities	18,180	(130,667)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	7,845	(3,006)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	3,372	5,026
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$ 11,217	$ 2,020

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Introduction and Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Introduction and Basis of Presentation

Introduction and Basis of Presentation

Denny’s Corporation, or Denny’s or the Company, is one of America’s largest full-service restaurant chains based on number of restaurants. At September 23, 2020, the Denny's brand consisted of 1,664 restaurants, 1,598 of which were franchised/licensed restaurants and 66 of which were company operated.

The global crisis resulting from the spread of coronavirus ("COVID-19") has had a substantial impact on our restaurant operations for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, which is expected to continue with the timing of a recovery uncertain. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, many of our company and franchised and licensed restaurants were temporarily closed and most of the restaurants that remained open had limited operations. This has continued into the fourth quarter of 2020. Our operating results substantially depend upon the sales volumes, restaurant profitability, and financial stability of our company and franchised and licensed restaurants.

We cannot currently estimate the duration or future negative financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business; however, we expect that the COVID-19 pandemic will continue to impact our results of operations for the balance of 2020. Ongoing material adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic for an extended period could negatively affect our business, results of operations, liquidity and financial condition and could impact our impairment assessments of accounts receivable, intangible assets, long-lived assets and goodwill.

Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Therefore, certain information and notes normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim periods presented have been included. Such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions; however, we believe that our estimates are reasonable.

These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2019 which are contained in our audited Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 25, 2019. Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year ending December 30, 2020. Our significant interim accounting policies include the recognition of advertising and marketing costs, generally in proportion to revenue, and the recognition of income taxes using an estimated annual effective rate.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Newly Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform financial statement users of credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal 2020). The adoption of this guidance on December 26, 2019 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The new guidance provides optional guidance, for a limited time, to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU 2020-04 is effective for a limited time, from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company adopted this ASU on March 12, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2020-04 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In April 2020, the FASB staff issued interpretive guidance that indicated it would be acceptable for entities to make an election to account for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic consistent with how those concessions would be accounted for under ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, as though enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions existed (regardless of whether those enforceable rights and obligations for the concessions explicitly exist in the contract). Consequently, for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, an entity will not have to analyze each contract to determine whether enforceable rights and obligations for concessions exist in the contract and can elect to apply or not apply the lease modification guidance in Topic 842 to those contracts. This election is available for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic that do not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or the obligations of the lessee.

We have elected to apply this interpretive guidance to the rent relief we have secured, and have assumed that enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions exist in the lease contract. As such, starting in April 2020, we began recognizing abatements or deferrals in rents received from landlords as reductions in variable lease payments. This election will continue while these abatement or deferrals are in effect.

Accounting Standards to be Adopted

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which modifies Topic 740 to simplify the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and for the interim periods therein. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

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Receivables

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Receivables

Receivables

Receivables consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Receivables, net:
Trade accounts receivable from franchisees	$	17,306	$	14,551
Financing receivables from franchisees	1,283		2,230
Vendor receivables	894		3,260
Credit card receivables	587		6,806
Other	2,266		915
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(1,699)		(274)
Total receivables, net	$	20,637	$	27,488
Other noncurrent assets:
Financing receivables from franchisees	$	188	$	364

We recorded $0.5 million and $1.4 million of bad debt expense during the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, respectively, based on actual and expected losses on franchise-related receivables, primarily as a result of uncertainties related to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	$	36,832
Reclassification from assets held for sale	52
Balance, September 23, 2020	$	36,884

Other intangible assets consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020				December 25, 2019
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
	(In thousands)
Intangible assets with indefinite lives:
Trade names	$	44,087	$	—	$	44,087	$	—
Liquor licenses	120		—		120		—
Intangible assets with definite lives:
Reacquired franchise rights	15,064		7,171		15,516		5,767
Intangible assets, net	$	59,271	$	7,171	$	59,723	$	5,767

Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic to the global economy, including but not limited to the volatility of the Company's stock price as well as that of its competitors, the negative impact on sales at company and franchised and licensed restaurants and the challenging environment for the restaurant industry generally, the Company determined that there were indicators of potential impairment of its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. As such, the Company performed an impairment assessment for both goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and concluded that the fair value of these assets substantially exceeded their carrying values. However, we recorded less than $0.1 million and approximately $0.1 million of impairment related to reacquired franchise rights during the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, respectively. See Note 9.

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Other Current Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Other Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Other Current Liabilities

Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Accrued payroll	$	11,116	$	19,689
Current portion of liability for insurance claims	5,488		6,515
Accrued taxes	6,595		5,624
Accrued advertising	3,348		6,753
Gift cards	4,758		6,469
Other	10,041		12,257
Other current liabilities	$	41,346	$	57,307

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	(In thousands)
Fair value measurements as of September 23, 2020:
Deferred compensation plan investments (1)	$	11,958	$	11,958	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps (2)	(85,054)		—		(85,054)		—
Investments (3)	2,266		—		2,266		—
Total	$	(70,830)	$	11,958	$	(82,788)	$	—
Fair value measurements as of December 25, 2019:
Deferred compensation plan investments (1)	$	13,517	$	13,517	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps (2)	(44,670)		—		(44,670)		—
Investments (3)	3,649		—		3,649		—
Total	$	(27,504)	$	13,517	$	(41,021)	$	—

(1)    The fair values of our deferred compensation plan investments are based on the closing market prices of the elected investments.

(2)    The fair values of our interest rate swaps are based upon Level 2 inputs, which include valuation models as reported by our counterparties. The key inputs for the valuation models are quoted market prices, interest rates and forward yield curves. See Note 7 for details on the interest rate swaps.

(3)    The fair values of our investments are valued using a readily determinable net asset value per share based on the fair value of the underlying securities. There are no significant redemption restrictions associated with these investments.

Those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below:

		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Impairment Charges
	(In thousands)
Fair value measurements for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020:
Assets held and used (1)		$	2,575	$	2,519

(1)During the first and third quarters of 2020, impaired assets were written down to their fair value. To determine fair value, we used the income approach, which assumes that the future cash flows reflect current market expectations. These fair value measurements require significant judgment using Level 3 inputs, such as discounted cash flows from operations, which are not observable from the market, directly or indirectly. There is uncertainty in the projected future cash flows used in the Company's impairment analysis, which requires the use of estimates and assumptions. If actual performance does not achieve the projections, or if the assumptions used change in the future, the Company may be required to recognize impairment charges in future periods.

Assets that are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include property, operating right-of-use assets, finance right-of-use assets and reacquired franchise rights. During the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we recognized impairment charges of $0.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, related to certain of these assets. See Note 9.

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses are deemed to approximate fair value due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these instruments. The fair value of notes receivable approximates the carrying value after consideration of recorded allowances and related risk-based interest rates. The outstanding revolver loans are carried at historical cost, which approximates fair value. The fair value of our senior secured revolver approximates its carrying value since it is a variable rate facility (Level 2).

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Long-Term Debt

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Long-Term Debt

Denny's and certain of its subsidiaries have a credit facility consisting of a five-year $400 million senior secured revolver (with a $30 million letter of credit sublimit). The credit facility includes an accordion feature that would allow us to increase the size of the revolver to $450 million, subject to approval. As of September 23, 2020, we had outstanding revolver loans of $230.0 million and outstanding letters of credit under the credit facility of $17.3 million. These balances resulted in availability of $152.7 million under the credit facility prior to considering the liquidity covenant in our credit facility. Factoring in the liquidity covenant, our availability was $92.7 million. The credit facility is available for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. The credit facility is guaranteed by Denny's and its material subsidiaries and is secured by assets of Denny's and its subsidiaries, including the stock of its subsidiaries (other than our insurance captive subsidiary).

On May 13, 2020, we entered into an amendment (the "Second Amendment") to our credit agreement. As a result of the Second Amendment, beginning May 13, 2020 until the date of delivery of our financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, the interest rate of the amended credit agreement was increased to LIBOR plus 3.00% and the commitment fee, which is paid on the unused portion of the credit facility, was increased to 0.40%. During this period, we will also have supplemental monthly reporting obligations to our lenders and will be prohibited from paying dividends and making stock repurchases and other general investments. Additionally, capital expenditures will be restricted to $10 million in the aggregate from May 13, 2020 through the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021.

The Second Amendment temporarily waives certain financial covenants. The consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio is waived until the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021, at which point the covenant level will revert to a minimum of 1.50x. The consolidated leverage ratio covenant is waived until the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2021, at which point the covenant level will increase from 4.00x to 4.50x, stepping down to 4.25x in the second quarter of 2021 and 4.00x in the third fiscal quarter of 2021 and thereafter. In addition, the Second Amendment adds a monthly minimum liquidity covenant, defined as the sum of unrestricted cash and revolver availability, ranging from $60 million to $70 million, commencing on May 13, 2020 to May 26, 2021. We were in compliance with all financial covenants as of September 23, 2020.

Prior to considering the impact of our interest rate swaps, described below, the weighted-average interest rate on outstanding revolver loans was 3.16% and 3.47% as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively. Taking into consideration our interest rate swaps that are designated as cash flow hedges, the weighted-average interest rate of outstanding revolver loans was 4.85% and 3.99% as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively.

Interest Rate Hedges

We have receive-variable, pay-fixed interest rate swaps to hedge the forecasted cash flows of our floating rate debt. We initially designated the interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges of our exposure to variability in future cash flows attributable to variable interest payments due on forecasted notional amounts. A summary of our interest rate swaps as of September 23, 2020 is as follows:

Trade Date	Effective Date	Maturity Date	Notional Amount			Fixed Rate
			(In thousands)
Swaps designated as cash flow hedges
March 20, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2025	$	120,000		2.44	%
October 1, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2026	50,000			2.46	%
Dedesignated swaps
February 15, 2018	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2033	80,000		(1)	3.19	%

(1)     The notional amounts of the swaps entered into on February 15, 2018 increase annually beginning September 30, 2020 until they reach the maximum notional amount of $425.0 million on September 28, 2029.

To the extent the swaps are highly effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the fair value of the swaps are not included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations but are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net. The interest rate swaps entered into in 2015 are designated as cash flow hedges with unrealized gain and losses recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net.

As of September 23, 2020, the fair value of swaps designated as cash flow hedges was $17.2 million and was recorded as a component of other noncurrent liabilities with an offsetting amount (before taxes) recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We expect to reclassify approximately $3.9 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations related to swaps designated as cash flow hedges during the next twelve months.

Dedesignated Interest Rate Hedges

During the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we determined that a portion of the underlying cash flows related to our hedging relationship entered into in 2018 (“2018 Swaps”) were no longer probable of occurring over the term of the interest rate swaps as a result of the ongoing impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and using proceeds from our share offering described in Note 13 to repay a portion of our long-term debt. Accordingly, during the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we dedesignated the cash flow relationship and discontinued hedge accounting treatment for the 2018 Swaps. As a result, we reclassified approximately $7.4 million of losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020 related to the portion of the forecasted transaction no longer considered probable of occurring. The remaining amounts of unrealized losses related to the 2018 Swaps are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and are amortized into the Consolidated Statements of Operations as a component of interest expense, net over the remaining term of the 2018 Swaps. For the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we reclassified unrealized losses of approximately $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, to interest expense, net related to the 2018 Swaps. At September 23, 2020, approximately $64.6 million (before taxes) of unrealized losses remained in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net.

As a result of the dedesignated cash flow relationship related to the 2018 Swaps, changes in the fair value of the 2018 Swaps are recorded as a component of other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we recorded income of approximately $7.8 million and $3.7 million, respectively, as a component of nonoperating expense (income) related to the 2018 Swaps resulting from changes in fair value.

As of September 23, 2020, the fair value of the dedesignated interest rate swaps was $67.8 million and was recorded as a component of other noncurrent liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We expect to amortize approximately $0.4 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to interest expense, net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations related to dedesignated interest rate swaps during the next twelve months.

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Revenues

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenues

Revenues

Our revenues are derived primarily from two sales channels, which we operate as one segment: company restaurants and franchised and licensed restaurants. The following table disaggregates our revenue by sales channel and type of good or service:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Company restaurant sales	$	27,849	$	63,582	$	85,268	$	257,574
Franchise and license revenue:
Royalties	17,896		27,830		48,462		79,742
Advertising revenue	13,927		20,756		38,685		59,582
Initial and other fees	1,890		1,356		4,933		4,250
Occupancy revenue	10,082		10,734		31,152		26,405
Franchise and license revenue	43,795		60,676		123,232		169,979
Total operating revenue	$	71,644	$	124,258	$	208,500	$	427,553

Franchise occupancy revenue consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Operating lease revenue	$	8,277	$	7,964	$	24,959	$	19,235
Variable lease revenue	1,805		2,770		6,193		7,170
Total occupancy revenue	$	10,082	$	10,734	$	31,152	$	26,405

Balances related to contracts with customers consist of receivables, deferred franchise revenue and deferred gift card revenue. See Note 3 for details on our receivables.

Deferred franchise revenue consists primarily of the unamortized portion of initial franchise fees that are currently being amortized into revenue and amounts related to development agreements and unopened restaurants that we will begin amortizing into revenue when the related restaurants are opened. Initial franchise fees are amortized over the term of the related franchise agreement, generally 10-20 years. Deferred franchise revenue represents our remaining performance obligations to our franchisees, excluding amounts of variable consideration related to sales-based royalties and advertising. The components of the change in deferred franchise revenue are as follows:

	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	$	23,256
Fees received from franchisees	535
Revenue recognized (1)	(2,474)
Balance, September 23, 2020	21,317
Less current portion included in other current liabilities	2,112
Deferred franchise revenue included in other noncurrent liabilities	$	19,205

(1) Of this amount $2.4 million was included in the deferred franchise revenue balance as of December 25, 2019.

Gift card liabilities consist of the unredeemed portion of gift cards sold in company restaurants and at third party locations. The balance of gift card liabilities represents our remaining performance obligations to our customers. The balance of gift card liabilities as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019 was $4.8 million and $6.5 million, respectively. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we recognized revenue of $0.3 million from gift card redemptions at company restaurants.

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Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net

Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net

Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Gains on sales of assets and other, net	$	(1,202)	$	(51,183)	$	(2,260)	$	(87,497)
Restructuring charges and exit costs	83		1,092		2,060		2,038
Impairment charges	338		—		2,519		—
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	$	(781)	$	(50,091)	$	2,319	$	(85,459)

Gains on sales of assets and other, net were primarily related to the sale of three parcels of real estate during the quarter and five parcels of real estate during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020. During the quarter ended September 25, 2019, gains on sale of assets and other, net included $50.4 million in gains on the sale of 56 company restaurants and $1.3 million in gains on the sales of two parcels of real estate. During the three quarters ended September 25, 2019, gains on sales of assets and other, net included $76.8 million in gains on the sales of 96 company restaurants and $11.9 million on the sale of six parcels of real estate.

As of September 23, 2020, we had recorded assets held for sale at their carrying amount of $3.2 million (consists of property of $2.5 million and other assets of $0.7 million) related to seven parcels of real estate. As of December 25, 2019, we had recorded assets held for sale at their carrying amount of $1.9 million (comprised of property of $1.6 million, other assets of $0.2 million and goodwill of $0.1 million) related to four company restaurants and two pieces of real estate. During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, five pieces of real estate were sold and the four company restaurants were reclassified out of assets held for sale, as they were no longer expected to be sold in the next 12 months.

Restructuring charges and exit costs consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Exit costs	$	75	$	20	$	169	$	194
Severance and other restructuring charges	8		1,072		1,891		1,844
Total restructuring charges and exit costs	$	83	$	1,092	$	2,060	$	2,038

Exit cost liabilities were $0.1 million as of September 23, 2020 and $0.2 million as of December 25, 2019. Exit cost liabilities related to lease costs are included as a component of operating lease liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, we had accrued severance and other restructuring charges of $0.7 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The balance as of September 23, 2020 is expected to be paid during the next 12 months.

We review our property, right-of-use assets ("ROU assets") and definite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of certain long-lived and ROU assets may not be recoverable. Based on our review, we recorded impairment charges of $0.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, for the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020 resulting from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The $2.5 million included $1.3 million related to property, $1.1 million related to operating lease ROU assets and less than $0.1 million related to each of finance lease ROU assets and reacquired franchise rights.

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Share-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation

Total share-based compensation included as a component of general and administrative expenses was as follows:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Employee share awards	$	1,784	$	1,957	$	1,364	$	6,418
Restricted stock units for board members	214		219		608		724
Total share-based compensation	$	1,998	$	2,176	$	1,972	$	7,142

Employee Share Awards

Employee share awards consist of performance share units and restricted stock units (which are equity classified). During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, as a component of our annual compensation program, we granted certain employees approximately 0.8 million restricted stock units with a grant date fair value of $10.46 per share that vest over a two-year period, as defined under the terms of the award. The vesting period for these restricted stock units is the two-year period beginning May 20, 2020 through May 20, 2022.

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we issued 0.3 million shares of common stock related to vested performance share units. In addition, 0.2 million shares of common stock were withheld in lieu of taxes related to vested performance share units.

As of September 23, 2020, we had approximately $9.8 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested performance share awards and restricted share awards outstanding, which have a weighted average remaining contractual term of 1.5 years.

Subsequent to the end of the quarter ended September 23, 2020, certain employee share awards were modified. See Note 16.

Restricted Stock Units for Board Members

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we granted less than 0.1 million restricted stock units (which are equity classified) with a weighted average grant date fair value of $10.46 per unit to non-employee members of our Board of Directors. The restricted stock units vest after a one year service period. A director may elect to convert these awards into shares of common stock either on a specific date in the future (while still serving as a member of our Board of Directors), upon termination as a member of our Board of Directors, or in three equal annual installments commencing after termination of service as a member of our Board.

During the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, less than 0.1 million restricted stock units were converted into shares of common stock.

As of September 23, 2020, we had approximately $0.6 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to all unvested restricted stock unit awards outstanding, which have a weighted average remaining contractual term of 0.7 years.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 11.2% for the quarter ended and 20.6% for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, compared to 23.7% and 21.3% for the prior year periods, respectively. The 2020 year-to-date rate included a net benefit of 22.2% from the reclassification of cash flow derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive loss. The 2019 quarterly and year-to-date rates included the impact of excess tax benefits relating to share-based compensation of 1.0% and 1.8%, respectively.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act was signed into law as a response to the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no significant impact on the Company's tax rate from the CARES Act for the quarter and three quarters ended September 23, 2020.

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The amounts used for the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share calculations are summarized below:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands, except for per share amounts)
Net income (loss)	$	6,477	$	49,122	$	(7,475)	$	98,851
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	63,793		59,430		59,350		60,457
Effect of dilutive share-based compensation awards (1)	234		1,759		—		1,913
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	64,027		61,189		59,350		62,370
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.83	$	(0.13)	$	1.64
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.80	$	(0.13)	$	1.58
Anti-dilutive share-based compensation awards(1)	568		274		1,975		226

(1) For the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, share-based compensation awards have been omitted from the calculations because they have an anti-dilutive effect on loss per share.

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Shareholders' Deficit

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]

Shareholders' Deficit

Shareholders' Deficit

Share Repurchases

We suspended share repurchases as of February 27, 2020 and terminated our previously approved Rule 10b5-1 Repurchase Plan effective March 16, 2020 in light of uncertain market conditions arising from the COVID-19 pandemic. Under our amended credit agreement, we are prohibited, until the date of delivery of our financial statements for the fiscal quarter ending June 30, 2021, from making any stock repurchases.

Prior to entering into our amended credit agreement, during the quarter ended March 25, 2020, we repurchased a total of 1.7 million shares of our common stock for approximately $34.2 million. During the quarter ended March 25, 2020, we completed the $200 million share repurchase program that was approved by the Board of Directors in October 2017. In December 2019, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $250 million of our common stock (in addition to the October 2017 authorization). At September 23, 2020, there was approximately $248.0 million remaining that can be used to repurchase our common stock under the current program. Repurchased shares are included as treasury stock in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Deficit.

In November 2018, as part of our previously authorized share repurchase programs, we entered into a $25 million accelerated share repurchase (the "ASR") agreement with MUFG Securities EMEA plc (“MUFG”). We paid $25 million in cash and received approximately 1.1 million shares of our common stock (which represents the minimum shares to be delivered based on the cap price) and recorded $18.2 million of treasury stock related to these shares. The remaining balance of $6.8 million was recorded as additional paid-in capital in shareholders’ deficit as of December 26, 2018 as an equity forward contract.

During the quarter ended March 27, 2019, we settled the ASR agreement with MUFG. As a result, we received final delivery of an additional 0.4 million shares of our common stock. The total number of shares repurchased was based on a combined discounted volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) of $17.04 per share, which was determined based on the average of the daily VWAP of our common stock, less a fixed discount, over the term of the ASR agreement. As a result of settling the ASR agreement, we recorded $6.8 million of treasury stock related to the settlement of the equity forward contract related to the ASR agreement.

Issuance and Sale of Common Stock

On July 1, 2020, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as representative of the several underwriters named therein, for the issuance and sale by the Company of 8,000,000 shares of its common stock, par value $0.01 per share, in an underwritten public offering at a price to the public of $9.15 per share. On July 6, 2020, the Company received net proceeds of $69.6 million from the sale of shares, after deducting the underwriters' discounts and commissions and offering expenses.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net

The components of the change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net were as follows:

	Defined Benefit Plans		Derivatives		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
	(In thousands)
Balance as of December 25, 2019	$	(781)	$	(33,179)	$	(33,960)
Amortization of net loss (1)	67		—		67
Changes in the fair value of cash flow derivatives	—		(47,139)		(47,139)
Reclassification of cash flow derivatives to interest expense, net (2)	—		2,097		2,097
Reclassification of loss related to dedesignation of derivatives to other nonoperating expense (income)(3)	—		7,354		7,354
Amortization of unrealized losses related to dedesignated derivatives to interest expense, net(3)	—		552		552
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss	(17)		9,841		9,824
Balance as of September 23, 2020	$	(731)	$	(60,474)	$	(61,205)

(1)    Amount related to our defined benefit plans that was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and included as a component of pension expense within general and administrative expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020.

(2)    Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net into interest expense, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations represent payments either received from or made to the counterparty for the interest rate swaps. See Note 7 for additional details.

(3)    During the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we dedesignated the cash flow relationship and discontinued hedge accounting treatment for the 2018 Swaps. As a result, we reclassified approximately $7.4 million of losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations related to the portion of forecasted transaction no longer considered probable of occurring. The remaining losses related to the 2018 Swaps will continue to be included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and will be amortized as a component of interest expense, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations over the remaining term of the 2018 Swaps. For the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we amortized approximately $0.6 million of losses to interest expense, net related to the 2018 Swaps. See Note 7 for additional details.

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Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and ContingenciesWe have guarantees related to certain franchisee loans. Payments under these guarantees would result from the inability of a franchisee to fund required payments when due. Through September 23, 2020, no events had occurred that caused us to make payments under these guarantees. There were $0.4 million and $0.6 million of loans outstanding under these programs as of September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, respectively. As of September 23, 2020, the maximum amount payable under the loan guarantees was $0.4 million. As a result of these guarantees, we have recorded liabilities of less than $0.1 million as of both September 23, 2020 and December 25, 2019, which are included as a component of other noncurrent liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.There are various claims and pending legal actions against or indirectly involving us, incidental to and arising out of the ordinary course of the business. In the opinion of management, based upon information currently available, the ultimate liability with respect to these proceedings and claims will not materially affect our consolidated results of operations or financial position.

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

	Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Income taxes paid, net	$	545	$	17,853
Interest paid	$	11,851	$	14,393
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common stock, pursuant to share-based compensation plans	$	6,042	$	7,522
Noncash consideration received in connection with the sale of real estate	$	—	$	3,000
Execution of finance leases	$	95	$	305
Treasury stock payable	$	—	$	228
Receivables in connection with disposition of property	$	—	$	3,446
Insurance proceeds receivable	$	—	$	48

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Subsequent Events

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

Modification of Performance Share Units

On September 30, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors (the "Board") approved adjustments to certain performance share units (“PSUs”) granted to employees as part of the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Program.

Awards for 2018 and 2019 were originally made 100% in the form of PSUs with three-year performance periods (2018-2020 for the 2018 PSUs and 2019-2021 for the 2019 PSUs). The PSUs are earned based 50% on growth in earnings per share over the performance period (“EPS Growth”) and 50% on the relative total stockholder return of the Company for the performance period against a peer group for the 2018 awards and against the S&P 600 Consumer Discretionary Index for the 2019 awards (“Relative TSR”).

The full service dining sector in which the Company operates has been severely negatively impacted by business disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. These business disruptions, which could not have been foreseen when the 2018 and 2019 PSUs were awarded, have caused the EPS Growth goals for the PSUs to be unattainable. To address the loss of retentive and incentive value due to these unforeseen events, the Board approved the following adjustments to the 2018 and 2019 PSUs:

2018 PSUs

The EPS Growth goal for the 2018 PSUs was measured in accordance with the methodology established at the time of grant for the first two years of the performance period, 2018-2019, before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. That performance was above the maximum goal that had been set. That portion of the award was then prorated by two-thirds (since two-thirds of the performance period had been completed before the pandemic). The modification impacts approximately 0.2 million PSUs with a fair value of approximately $2.4 million at the modification date based on the grant date fair value of $10.00, the market value of our stock on the date of grant. The modified award equals 100% of target (i.e., 150% performance times two-thirds). The modified award will vest and be expensed over the three-month period ending December 30, 2020 (the remaining term of the original award), subject to continued employment. Prior to the modification, the fair value of the award was zero.

2019 PSUs

The Board removed the 2019-2021 EPS Growth goal and will instead apply the 2019-2021 Relative TSR goal to that portion of the award. The modification impacts approximately 0.3 million PSUs with an estimated fair value of approximately $2.4 million to $3.2 million at the modification date. The fair value will be based on a Monte Carlo valuation, which will be completed during the fourth quarter of 2020, as the modified awards contain a market condition. The modified award will vest and be expensed over the fifteen-month period ending December 29, 2021 (the remaining term of the original award), subject to continued employment. Prior to the modification, the fair value of the award was zero.

The Board did not change the existing Relative TSR portion of either award. These adjustments will be accounted for as modifications beginning in the fourth quarter of 2020.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Newly Adopted Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards to be Adopted

Newly Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform financial statement users of credit loss estimates. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019 (our fiscal 2020). The adoption of this guidance on December 26, 2019 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. The new guidance provides optional guidance, for a limited time, to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU 2020-04 is effective for a limited time, from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company adopted this ASU on March 12, 2020. The adoption of ASU 2020-04 did not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In April 2020, the FASB staff issued interpretive guidance that indicated it would be acceptable for entities to make an election to account for lease concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic consistent with how those concessions would be accounted for under ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements, as though enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions existed (regardless of whether those enforceable rights and obligations for the concessions explicitly exist in the contract). Consequently, for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, an entity will not have to analyze each contract to determine whether enforceable rights and obligations for concessions exist in the contract and can elect to apply or not apply the lease modification guidance in Topic 842 to those contracts. This election is available for concessions related to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic that do not result in a substantial increase in the rights of the lessor or the obligations of the lessee.

We have elected to apply this interpretive guidance to the rent relief we have secured, and have assumed that enforceable rights and obligations for those concessions exist in the lease contract. As such, starting in April 2020, we began recognizing abatements or deferrals in rents received from landlords as reductions in variable lease payments. This election will continue while these abatement or deferrals are in effect.

Accounting Standards to be Adopted

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which modifies Topic 740 to simplify the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and for the interim periods therein. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

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Receivables (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Receivables [Abstract]

Receivables, Net

Receivables consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Receivables, net:
Trade accounts receivable from franchisees	$	17,306	$	14,551
Financing receivables from franchisees	1,283		2,230
Vendor receivables	894		3,260
Credit card receivables	587		6,806
Other	2,266		915
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(1,699)		(274)
Total receivables, net	$	20,637	$	27,488
Other noncurrent assets:
Financing receivables from franchisees	$	188	$	364

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	$	36,832
Reclassification from assets held for sale	52
Balance, September 23, 2020	$	36,884

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020				December 25, 2019
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
	(In thousands)
Intangible assets with indefinite lives:
Trade names	$	44,087	$	—	$	44,087	$	—
Liquor licenses	120		—		120		—
Intangible assets with definite lives:
Reacquired franchise rights	15,064		7,171		15,516		5,767
Intangible assets, net	$	59,271	$	7,171	$	59,723	$	5,767

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020				December 25, 2019
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
	(In thousands)
Intangible assets with indefinite lives:
Trade names	$	44,087	$	—	$	44,087	$	—
Liquor licenses	120		—		120		—
Intangible assets with definite lives:
Reacquired franchise rights	15,064		7,171		15,516		5,767
Intangible assets, net	$	59,271	$	7,171	$	59,723	$	5,767

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Other Current Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Other Liabilities, Current [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities consisted of the following:

	September 23, 2020		December 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Accrued payroll	$	11,116	$	19,689
Current portion of liability for insurance claims	5,488		6,515
Accrued taxes	6,595		5,624
Accrued advertising	3,348		6,753
Gift cards	4,758		6,469
Other	10,041		12,257
Other current liabilities	$	41,346	$	57,307

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below:

	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
	(In thousands)
Fair value measurements as of September 23, 2020:
Deferred compensation plan investments (1)	$	11,958	$	11,958	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps (2)	(85,054)		—		(85,054)		—
Investments (3)	2,266		—		2,266		—
Total	$	(70,830)	$	11,958	$	(82,788)	$	—
Fair value measurements as of December 25, 2019:
Deferred compensation plan investments (1)	$	13,517	$	13,517	$	—	$	—
Interest rate swaps (2)	(44,670)		—		(44,670)		—
Investments (3)	3,649		—		3,649		—
Total	$	(27,504)	$	13,517	$	(41,021)	$	—

(1)    The fair values of our deferred compensation plan investments are based on the closing market prices of the elected investments.

(2)    The fair values of our interest rate swaps are based upon Level 2 inputs, which include valuation models as reported by our counterparties. The key inputs for the valuation models are quoted market prices, interest rates and forward yield curves. See Note 7 for details on the interest rate swaps.

(3)    The fair values of our investments are valued using a readily determinable net asset value per share based on the fair value of the underlying securities. There are no significant redemption restrictions associated with these investments.

Fair Value Measurements, Nonrecurring

Those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are summarized below:

		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Impairment Charges
	(In thousands)
Fair value measurements for the three quarters ended September 23, 2020:
Assets held and used (1)		$	2,575	$	2,519

(1)During the first and third quarters of 2020, impaired assets were written down to their fair value. To determine fair value, we used the income approach, which assumes that the future cash flows reflect current market expectations. These fair value measurements require significant judgment using Level 3 inputs, such as discounted cash flows from operations, which are not observable from the market, directly or indirectly. There is uncertainty in the projected future cash flows used in the Company's impairment analysis, which requires the use of estimates and assumptions. If actual performance does not achieve the projections, or if the assumptions used change in the future, the Company may be required to recognize impairment charges in future periods

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Long-Term Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Interest Rate Swaps

A summary of our interest rate swaps as of September 23, 2020 is as follows:

Trade Date	Effective Date	Maturity Date	Notional Amount			Fixed Rate
			(In thousands)
Swaps designated as cash flow hedges
March 20, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2025	$	120,000		2.44	%
October 1, 2015	March 29, 2018	March 31, 2026	50,000			2.46	%
Dedesignated swaps
February 15, 2018	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2033	80,000		(1)	3.19	%

(1)     The notional amounts of the swaps entered into on February 15, 2018 increase annually beginning September 30, 2020 until they reach the maximum notional amount of $425.0 million on September 28, 2029.

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Revenues (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table disaggregates our revenue by sales channel and type of good or service:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Company restaurant sales	$	27,849	$	63,582	$	85,268	$	257,574
Franchise and license revenue:
Royalties	17,896		27,830		48,462		79,742
Advertising revenue	13,927		20,756		38,685		59,582
Initial and other fees	1,890		1,356		4,933		4,250
Occupancy revenue	10,082		10,734		31,152		26,405
Franchise and license revenue	43,795		60,676		123,232		169,979
Total operating revenue	$	71,644	$	124,258	$	208,500	$	427,553

Components of Lease Income

Franchise occupancy revenue consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Operating lease revenue	$	8,277	$	7,964	$	24,959	$	19,235
Variable lease revenue	1,805		2,770		6,193		7,170
Total occupancy revenue	$	10,082	$	10,734	$	31,152	$	26,405

Components of the Change in Deferred Franchise Revenue

The components of the change in deferred franchise revenue are as follows:

	(In thousands)
Balance, December 25, 2019	$	23,256
Fees received from franchisees	535
Revenue recognized (1)	(2,474)
Balance, September 23, 2020	21,317
Less current portion included in other current liabilities	2,112
Deferred franchise revenue included in other noncurrent liabilities	$	19,205

(1) Of this amount $2.4 million was included in the deferred franchise revenue balance as of December 25, 2019.

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Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]

Operating Gains Losses and Other Charges, Net

Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Gains on sales of assets and other, net	$	(1,202)	$	(51,183)	$	(2,260)	$	(87,497)
Restructuring charges and exit costs	83		1,092		2,060		2,038
Impairment charges	338		—		2,519		—
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	$	(781)	$	(50,091)	$	2,319	$	(85,459)

Restructuring Charges and Exit Costs

Restructuring charges and exit costs consisted of the following:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Exit costs	$	75	$	20	$	169	$	194
Severance and other restructuring charges	8		1,072		1,891		1,844
Total restructuring charges and exit costs	$	83	$	1,092	$	2,060	$	2,038

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Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Total Share-based Compensation

Total share-based compensation included as a component of general and administrative expenses was as follows:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Employee share awards	$	1,784	$	1,957	$	1,364	$	6,418
Restricted stock units for board members	214		219		608		724
Total share-based compensation	$	1,998	$	2,176	$	1,972	$	7,142

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The amounts used for the basic and diluted net income (loss) per share calculations are summarized below:

	Quarter Ended				Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019		September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands, except for per share amounts)
Net income (loss)	$	6,477	$	49,122	$	(7,475)	$	98,851
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	63,793		59,430		59,350		60,457
Effect of dilutive share-based compensation awards (1)	234		1,759		—		1,913
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	64,027		61,189		59,350		62,370
Basic net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.83	$	(0.13)	$	1.64
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.10	$	0.80	$	(0.13)	$	1.58
Anti-dilutive share-based compensation awards(1)	568		274		1,975		226

(1) For the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, share-based compensation awards have been omitted from the calculations because they have an anti-dilutive effect on loss per share.

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Shareholders' Deficit (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]

Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The components of the change in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net were as follows:

	Defined Benefit Plans		Derivatives		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
	(In thousands)
Balance as of December 25, 2019	$	(781)	$	(33,179)	$	(33,960)
Amortization of net loss (1)	67		—		67
Changes in the fair value of cash flow derivatives	—		(47,139)		(47,139)
Reclassification of cash flow derivatives to interest expense, net (2)	—		2,097		2,097
Reclassification of loss related to dedesignation of derivatives to other nonoperating expense (income)(3)	—		7,354		7,354
Amortization of unrealized losses related to dedesignated derivatives to interest expense, net(3)	—		552		552
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss	(17)		9,841		9,824
Balance as of September 23, 2020	$	(731)	$	(60,474)	$	(61,205)

(1)    Amount related to our defined benefit plans that was reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and included as a component of pension expense within general and administrative expenses in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three quarters ended September 23, 2020.

(2)    Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net into interest expense, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations represent payments either received from or made to the counterparty for the interest rate swaps. See Note 7 for additional details.

(3)    During the quarter ended June 24, 2020, we dedesignated the cash flow relationship and discontinued hedge accounting treatment for the 2018 Swaps. As a result, we reclassified approximately $7.4 million of losses from accumulated other comprehensive loss, net to other nonoperating expense (income), net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations related to the portion of forecasted transaction no longer considered probable of occurring. The remaining losses related to the 2018 Swaps will continue to be included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net and will be amortized as a component of interest expense, net in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations over the remaining term of the 2018 Swaps. For the three quarters ended September 23, 2020, we amortized approximately $0.6 million of losses to interest expense, net related to the 2018 Swaps. See Note 7 for additional details.

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 23, 2020

Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

	Three Quarters Ended
	September 23, 2020		September 25, 2019
	(In thousands)
Income taxes paid, net	$	545	$	17,853
Interest paid	$	11,851	$	14,393
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common stock, pursuant to share-based compensation plans	$	6,042	$	7,522
Noncash consideration received in connection with the sale of real estate	$	—	$	3,000
Execution of finance leases	$	95	$	305
Treasury stock payable	$	—	$	228
Receivables in connection with disposition of property	$	—	$	3,446
Insurance proceeds receivable	$	—	$	48

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Introduction and Basis of Presentation (Details)	Sep. 23, 2020 restaurant
Franchisor Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of restaurants	1,664
Franchised/licensed Restaurants
Franchisor Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of restaurants	1,598
Company Restaurants
Franchisor Disclosure [Line Items]
Number of restaurants	66

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Receivables (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Receivables, net:
Trade accounts receivable from franchisees	$ 17,306	$ 17,306	$ 14,551
Financing receivables from franchisees	1,283	1,283	2,230
Allowance for doubtful accounts	(1,699)	(1,699)	(274)
Total receivables, net	20,637	20,637	27,488
Other noncurrent assets:
Financing receivables from franchisees	188	188	364
Additional bad debt expense	500	1,400
Vendor receivables
Receivables, net:
Other receivables, gross, current	894	894	3,260
Credit card receivables
Receivables, net:
Other receivables, gross, current	587	587	6,806
Other
Receivables, net:
Other receivables, gross, current	$ 2,266	$ 2,266	$ 915

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Balance, December 25, 2019		$ 36,832
Reclassification from assets held for sale		52
Balance, September 23, 2020	$ 36,884	36,884
Intangible Assets
Gross Carrying Amount - Trade names	44,087	44,087	$ 44,087
Gross Carrying Amount - Liquor licenses	120	120	120
Gross Carrying Amount - Reacquired franchise rights	15,064	15,064	15,516
Accumulated Amortization	7,171	7,171	5,767
Intangible assets, net	59,271	59,271	$ 59,723
Impairment of franchisee rights (less than)	$ 100	$ 100

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Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Other Liabilities, Current [Abstract]
Accrued payroll	$ 11,116	$ 19,689
Current portion of liability for insurance claims	5,488	6,515
Accrued taxes	6,595	5,624
Accrued advertising	3,348	6,753
Gift cards	4,758	6,469
Other	10,041	12,257
Other current liabilities	$ 41,346	$ 57,307

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Interest rate swaps	$ (17,200)
Recurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deferred compensation plan investments	11,958	$ 13,517
Interest rate swaps	(85,054)	(44,670)
Investments	2,266	3,649
Total	(70,830)	(27,504)
Recurring | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deferred compensation plan investments	11,958	13,517
Interest rate swaps	0	0
Investments	0	0
Total	11,958	13,517
Recurring | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deferred compensation plan investments	0	0
Interest rate swaps	(85,054)	(44,670)
Investments	2,266	3,649
Total	(82,788)	(41,021)
Recurring | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Deferred compensation plan investments	0	0
Interest rate swaps	0	0
Investments	0	0
Total	$ 0	$ 0

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments - Schedule of Assets and Liabilities Measured on Nonrecurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Impairment Charges	$ 338	$ 0	$ 2,519	$ 0
Fair Value, Nonrecurring
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Impairment Charges	300		2,500
Fair Value, Nonrecurring | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Assets held and used	$ 2,575		2,575
Impairment Charges			$ 2,519

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Long-Term Debt - Narrative (Details)		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 13, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($)	Jun. 24, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($)	May 26, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 25, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 25, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 26, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 26, 2018 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Liquidity covenant availability		$ 92,700,000		$ 92,700,000
Interest rate swaps		(17,200,000)		(17,200,000)
Unrealized losses remained in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net		138,371,000	$ 217,507,000	138,371,000		$ 138,064,000	$ 118,746,000	$ 142,572,000	$ 133,345,000
Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Unrealized loss on derivatives		7,800,000		3,700,000
Derivatives
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Interest rate swaps		(67,800,000)		(67,800,000)
Reclassification			$ 7,400,000	7,354,000
Derivatives
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Reclassification				2,097,000
Unrealized losses remained in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net		60,474,000		60,474,000
Derivatives
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Reclassification		300,000		552,000
Interest Rate Swap
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Expected reclassification within next twelve months				3,900,000
Interest Rate Swap | Derivatives
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Expected reclassification within next twelve months				400,000
2018 Swaps | Derivatives
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Unrealized losses remained in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net		64,600,000		$ 64,600,000
Senior Secured Revolver
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, term				5 years
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity		400,000,000		$ 400,000,000
Accordion feature that allows increase in size of facility		450,000,000		450,000,000
Outstanding amount under credit facility		230,000,000.0		230,000,000.0
Availability under the credit facility		$ 152,700,000		$ 152,700,000
Commitment fee, percent	0.40%
Capital expenditures restrictions	$ 10,000,000
Weighted-average interest rate		3.16%		3.16%		3.47%
Senior Secured Revolver | Interest Rate Swap
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Weighted-average interest rate		4.85%		4.85%		3.99%
Senior Secured Revolver | LIBOR
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate debt (as a percent)	3.00%
Letter of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Line of credit facility, current borrowing capacity		$ 30,000,000		$ 30,000,000
Outstanding amount of letters of credit		$ 17,300,000		$ 17,300,000
Letter of Credit | Senior Secured Revolver | Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Liquidity requirement	$ 60,000,000
Letter of Credit | Senior Secured Revolver | Maximum | Forecast
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Liquidity requirement					$ 70,000,000
Letter of Credit | Senior Secured Revolver | Until Quarter Ending March 31, 2021
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Fixed charge coverage ratio, minimum	1.50
Covenant, leverage ratio	4.50
Letter of Credit | Senior Secured Revolver | Before Amendment
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Covenant, leverage ratio	4.00
Letter of Credit | Senior Secured Revolver | Second Quarter of 2021
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Covenant, leverage ratio	4.25
Letter of Credit | Senior Secured Revolver | Third Quarter 2021 and Thereafter
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Covenant, leverage ratio	4.00

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Long-Term Debt - Interest Rate Swaps (Details)	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($)
Interest Rate Swap 2018-2025
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 120,000,000
Fixed Rate	2.44%
Interest Rate Swap 2018-2026
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 50,000,000
Fixed Rate	2.46%
Interest Rate Swap 2020-2033
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 80,000,000
Fixed Rate	3.19%
Interest Rate Swap 2020-2029 | Maximum
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional Amount	$ 425,000,000.0

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Revenues - Disaggregation of Revenues (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($)	Sep. 25, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($) sale_channel segment	Sep. 25, 2019 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Number of sales channels | sale_channel			2
Number of segments | segment			1
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	$ 71,644	$ 124,258	$ 208,500	$ 427,553
Company restaurant sales
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	27,849	63,582	85,268	257,574
Royalties
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	17,896	27,830	48,462	79,742
Advertising revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	13,927	20,756	38,685	59,582
Initial and other fees
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	1,890	1,356	4,933	4,250
Occupancy revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	10,082	10,734	31,152	26,405
Franchise and license revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total operating revenue	$ 43,795	$ 60,676	$ 123,232	$ 169,979

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Revenues - Schedule of Franchise Occupancy Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Operating lease revenue	$ 8,277	$ 7,964	$ 24,959	$ 19,235
Variable lease revenue	1,805	2,770	6,193	7,170
Total occupancy revenue	$ 10,082	$ 10,734	$ 31,152	$ 26,405

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Revenues - Contract Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020
Movement in Deferred Revenue [Roll Forward]
Balance, December 25, 2019		$ 23,256
Fees received from franchisees		535
Revenue recognized		(2,474)
Balance, September 23, 2020	$ 23,256	21,317
Less current portion included in other current liabilities		2,112
Deferred franchise revenue included in other noncurrent liabilities		$ 19,205
Deferred revenue recognized	$ 2,400

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Revenues - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		9 Months Ended
	Dec. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Liability balance		$ 2,112
Deferred revenue recognized	$ 2,400
Gift Card Redemption
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Liability balance	$ 6,500	4,800
Deferred revenue recognized		$ 300
Minimum | Deferred Franchise Revenue | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-09-24
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Deferred franchise revenue expected to be recognized, period		10 years
Maximum | Deferred Franchise Revenue | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2020-09-24
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Deferred franchise revenue expected to be recognized, period		20 years

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Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]
Gains on sales of assets and other, net	$ (1,202)	$ (51,183)	$ (2,260)	$ (87,497)
Restructuring charges and exit costs	83	1,092	2,060	2,038
Impairment charges	338	0	2,519	0
Operating (gains), losses and other charges, net	(781)	(50,091)	2,319	(85,459)
Restructuring Charges [Abstract]
Exit costs	75	20	169	194
Severance and other restructuring charges	8	1,072	1,891	1,844
Total restructuring charges and exit costs	$ 83	$ 1,092	$ 2,060	$ 2,038

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Operating (Gains), Losses and Other Charges, Net - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($) real_estate parcel restaurant	Sep. 25, 2019 USD ($) parcel restaurant	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($) restaurant parcel real_estate	Sep. 25, 2019 USD ($) parcel restaurant	Dec. 25, 2019 USD ($) real_estate restaurant
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gains on sales of assets and other, net	$ 1,202	$ 51,183	$ 2,260	$ 87,497
Number of restaurants | restaurant	1,664		1,664
Number of restaurants reclassified out of held for sale | restaurant			4
Exit cost liabilities	$ 100		$ 100		$ 200
Severance and other restructuring charges	700		700		900
Impairment charges	338	0	2,519	0
Property impairment			1,300
Operating lease right-of-use asset impairment			1,100
Impairment of franchisee rights (less than)	100		100
Held-for-sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Carrying amount	3,200		3,200		1,900
Property	2,500		2,500		1,600
Other assets	$ 700		$ 700		$ 200
Number of real estate properties | real_estate	7		7		2
Goodwill					$ 100
Number of restaurants | restaurant					4
Disposed of by Sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties sold | real_estate			5
Company Restaurant Sales
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Gains on sales of assets and other, net		$ 50,400		$ 76,800
Number of restaurants sold | restaurant		56		96
Real Estate
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties sold | parcel	3	2	5	6
Gains on sales of assets and other, net		$ 1,300		$ 11,900

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Share-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	$ 1,998	$ 2,176	$ 1,972	$ 7,142
Certain Employee
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	1,784	1,957	1,364	6,418
Board Members | Restricted stock units for board members
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total share-based compensation	$ 214	$ 219	$ 608	$ 724

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Share-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Certain Employee
Restricted Stock Units
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share awards outstanding | $	$ 9.8
Unrecognized compensation cost, expected weighted average period	1 year 6 months
Board Members
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted stock units converted into shares of common stock (less than, in shares)	0.1
Restricted Stock Units for Board Members | Certain Employee
Restricted Stock Units
Grants in periods (less than, in shares)	0.8
Fair value of units granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 10.46
Period of performance	2 years
Restricted Stock Units for Board Members | Board Members
Restricted Stock Units
Grants in periods (less than, in shares)	0.1
Fair value of units granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 10.46
Period of performance	1 year
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share awards outstanding | $	$ 0.6
Unrecognized compensation cost, expected weighted average period	8 months 12 days
Performance Shares | Certain Employee
Restricted Stock Units
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	0.3
Shares paid for tax withholding (in shares)	0.2

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Income Taxes (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective tax rate expense (benefit), percent	11.20%	23.70%	20.60%	21.30%
Income tax benefit on reclassification of interest rate hedges from other comprehensive income			22.20%
Excess tax benefits relating to share-based compensation		1.00%		1.80%

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 6,477	$ 49,122	$ (7,475)	$ 98,851
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	63,793	59,430	59,350	60,457
Effect of dilutive share-based compensation awards (in shares)	234	1,759	0	1,913
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	64,027	61,189	59,350	62,370
Basic net income (loss) per share	$ 0.10	$ 0.83	$ (0.13)	$ 1.64
Diluted net income (loss) per share	$ 0.10	$ 0.80	$ (0.13)	$ 1.58
Anti-dilutive share-based compensation awards (in shares)	568	274	1,975	226

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Shareholders' Deficit - Share Repurchase (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2018	Mar. 25, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Mar. 27, 2019	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019	Dec. 25, 2019	Dec. 26, 2018
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)		1,700
Purchase of treasury stock		$ 34,200,000	$ 12,807,000		$ 34,193,000	$ 50,804,000
Payments for repurchase of common stock					$ 36,008,000	$ 50,649,000
Treasury Stock
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)			589		1,690	2,632
Purchase of treasury stock			$ 12,807,000		$ 34,193,000	$ 50,804,000
Share Repurchase Program 2017
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Share repurchase, authorized amount		$ 200,000,000
Share Repurchase Program 2019
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Share repurchase, authorized amount							$ 250,000,000
Remaining shares to be repurchased					$ 248,000,000.0
Accelerated Share Repurchase 2018
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)	1,100
Purchase of treasury stock	$ 18,200,000
Share repurchase, authorized amount	25,000,000
Remaining shares to be repurchased								$ 6,800,000
Payments for repurchase of common stock	$ 25,000,000
Volume-weighted average price (in dollars per share)				$ 17.04
Accelerated Share Repurchase 2018 | Treasury Stock
Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)				400		389
Purchase of treasury stock				$ 6,800,000

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Shareholders' Deficit - Issuance and Sale of Common Stock (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	Jul. 06, 2020	Jul. 01, 2020	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]
Number of shares sold		8,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)		$ 0.01	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Price per share		$ 9.15
Proceeds from sale of stock	$ 69.6

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Shareholders' Deficit - Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Jun. 24, 2020	Sep. 23, 2020
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance as of beginning of period	$ (217,507)		$ (138,064)
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss			9,824
Balance as of end of period	(138,371)	$ (217,507)	(138,371)
Defined Benefit Plans
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance as of beginning of period			(781)
Reclassification			67
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss			(17)
Balance as of end of period	(731)		(731)
Derivatives
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance as of beginning of period			(33,179)
Derivatives
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Reclassification			2,097
Changes in the fair value of cash flow derivatives			(47,139)
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss			9,841
Balance as of end of period	(60,474)		(60,474)
Derivatives
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Reclassification		7,400	7,354
Derivatives
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Reclassification	300		552
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net
AOCI Attributable to Parent, Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Balance as of beginning of period	(62,217)		(33,960)
Balance as of end of period	$ (61,205)	$ (62,217)	$ (61,205)

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Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	Sep. 23, 2020	Dec. 25, 2019
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Loan amounts outstanding under the loan pools	$ 400,000	$ 600,000
Maximum payments guaranteed	400,000
Guarantee liabilities included as a component of other noncurrent liabilities (less than)	$ 100,000	$ 100,000

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Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 23, 2020	Sep. 25, 2019
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Income taxes paid, net	$ 545	$ 17,853
Interest paid	11,851	14,393
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Issuance of common stock, pursuant to share-based compensation plans	6,042	7,522
Noncash consideration received in connection with the sale of real estate	0	3,000
Execution of finance leases	95	305
Treasury stock payable	0	228
Receivables in connection with disposition of property	0	3,446
Insurance proceeds receivable	$ 0	$ 48

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Subsequent Events (Details) - Performance Shares - Subsequent Event $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions	Sep. 30, 2020 USD ($) $ / shares shares
2018
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Percentage of awards issued	100.00%
Period of performance	3 years
Percentage of growth in earnings	50.00%
Percentage of relative total stockholder return	50.00%
Award initial measurement period	2 years
Performance percentage	66.67%
Number of shares affected | shares	0.2
Fair value of shares affected	$ 0
Fair value of shares affected (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 10.00
Percentage of target	100.00%
Remaining term	3 months
2018 | Maximum
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Fair value of shares affected	$ 2,400,000
2019
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Percentage of awards issued	100.00%
Period of performance	3 years
Percentage of growth in earnings	50.00%
Percentage of relative total stockholder return	50.00%
Number of shares affected | shares	0.3
Fair value of shares affected	$ 0
Remaining term	15 months
2019 | Minimum
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Fair value of shares affected	$ 2,400,000
2019 | Maximum
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Fair value of shares affected	$ 3,200,000