-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, FZSHvyMn6YjYObzugA77EYEeQ1WyftT+UHnTWM8zySXXqfAycJ6wogQe2eD0TQH1 CANd+D3vHsfpQPRsh1ebrw== 0001193125-11-047894.txt : 20110228 0001193125-11-047894.hdr.sgml : 20110228 20110225200445 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001193125-11-047894 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 9 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20101231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20110228 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20110225 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: EXPONENT INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000851520 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SERVICES-MANAGEMENT CONSULTING SERVICES [8742] IRS NUMBER: 770218904 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0102 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-18655 FILM NUMBER: 11642848 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: EXPONENT INC STREET 2: 149 COMMONWEALTH DRIVE CITY: MENLO PARK STATE: CA ZIP: 94025 BUSINESS PHONE: 650-326-9400 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: EXPONENT INC STREET 2: 149 COMMONWEALTH DRIVE CITY: MENLO PARK STATE: CA ZIP: 94025 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FAILURE GROUP INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19930831 10-K 1 d10k.htm FORM 10-K Form 10-K
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

 

 

x Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

OR

 

¨ Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 for the transition period from              to             .

Commission File Number 0-18655

 

 

EXPONENT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   77-0218904

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

149 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park, California   94025
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (650) 326-9400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class

 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share   The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ¨    No  ¨


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Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   x
Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant based on the closing sales price of the Common Stock as reported on the NASDAQ National Market on July 2, 2010, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second quarter, was $369,260,368. Shares of the registrant’s common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each entity or person that, to the registrant’s knowledge, owned 10% or more of registrant’s outstanding common stock as of July 2, 2010 have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

The number of shares of the issuer’s Common Stock outstanding as of February 18, 2011 was 14,038,388.

 

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for the Registrant’s 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 2, 2011, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

 

 

 


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EXPONENT, INC.

FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page  

PART I

     

Item 1.

  

Business

     4   

Item 1A.

  

Risk Factors

     13   

Item 1B.

  

Unresolved Staff Comments

     16   

Item 2.

  

Properties

     17   

Item 3.

  

Legal Proceedings

     17   

Item 4.

  

(Removed and Reserved)

     17   

PART II

     

Item 5.

  

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

     17   

Item 6.

  

Selected Financial Data

     19   

Item 7.

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

     19   

Item 7A.

  

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

     29   

Item 8.

  

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

     29   

Item 9.

  

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

     29   

Item 9A.

  

Controls and Procedures

     29   

Item 9B.

  

Other Information

     30   

PART III

     

Item 10.

  

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

     30   

Item 11.

  

Executive Compensation

     30   

Item 12.

  

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

     30   

Item 13.

  

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

     30   

Item 14.

  

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

     30   

PART IV

     

Item 15.

  

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

     31   

Signatures

     60   

Exhibit Index

     61   

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains, and incorporates by reference, certain “forward-looking” statements (as such term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and the rules promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), including but not limited to statements regarding future growth and market opportunities, revenue, margins, headcount, utilization and operating expenses, that are based on the beliefs of the Company’s management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, the Company’s management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to the safe harbor created by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When used in this document

and in the documents incorporated herein by reference, statements other than statements of current or historical fact are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect” and similar expressions, as they relate to the Company or its management, identify certain of such forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current views of the Company or its management with respect to future events and are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, the Company’s actual results, performance, or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, any such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or

 

 

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contribute to such material differences include the possibility that the demand for our services may decline as a result of changes in general and industry specific economic conditions, the timing of engagements for our services, the effects of competitive services and pricing, tort reform and liabilities resulting from claims made against us. Additional risks and uncertainties are discussed in this Report under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere. The inclusion of such forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that the future events, plans, or expectations contemplated by the Company will be achieved. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any such forward-looking statements.

PART I

Item 1. Business

GENERAL

The history of Exponent, Inc. goes back to 1967, with the founding of the partnership Failure Analysis Associates, which was incorporated the following year in California and reincorporated in Delaware as Failure Analysis Associates, Inc. in 1988. The Failure Group, Inc. was organized in 1989 as a holding company for Failure Analysis Associates, Inc. and changed its name to Exponent, Inc. in 1998. Exponent, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “Exponent” or the “Company”) is a science and engineering consulting firm that provides solutions to complex problems. Our multidisciplinary team of scientists, physicians, engineers, business and regulatory consultants brings together more than 90 different technical disciplines to solve complicated issues facing industry and government today. Our professional staff can perform in-depth scientific research and analysis, or very rapid-response evaluations to provide our clients with the critical information they need.

CLIENTS

General

Exponent serves clients in automotive, aviation, chemical, construction, consumer products, energy, government, health, insurance, manufacturing, technology and other sectors of the economy. Many of our engagements are initiated directly by large corporations or by lawyers or insurance companies, whose clients anticipate, or are engaged in, litigation related to their products, equipment, processes or

service. Our services in failure prevention and technology evaluation have grown as the technological complexity of products has increased over the years.

Pricing and Terms of Engagements

We generally provide our services on either a fixed-price basis or on a “time and material” basis, charging hourly rates for each staff member involved in a project, based on his or her skills and experience. Our standard rates for professionals range from $125 to $600 per hour. Our engagement agreements typically provide for monthly billing, require payment of our invoices within 30 days of receipt and permit clients to terminate engagements at any time. Clients normally agree to indemnify us and our personnel against liabilities arising out of the use or application of the results of our work or recommendations.

SERVICES

Exponent provides high quality engineering and scientific consulting services to clients around the world. Our service offerings are provided on a project-by-project basis. Many projects require support from multiple practices. We currently operate 23 practices and centers, including:

 

   

Biomechanics

 

   

Biomedical Engineering

 

   

Buildings & Structures

 

   

Civil Engineering

 

   

Construction Consulting

 

   

Defense Technology Development

 

   

Ecological & Biological Sciences

 

   

Electrical & Semiconductors

 

   

Engineering Management Consulting

 

   

Environmental & Earth Sciences

 

   

Health Centers

 

   

Center for Chemical Regulation & Food Safety

 

   

Center for Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Computational Biology

 

   

Center for Exposure Assessment & Dose Reconstruction

 

   

Center for Occupational Medicine & Environmental Health

 

   

Center for Toxicology & Mechanistic Biology

 

   

Human Factors

 

   

Industrial Structures

 

   

Materials & Corrosion Engineering

 

 

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Mechanical Engineering

 

   

Polymer Science & Materials Chemistry

 

   

Statistical & Data Sciences

 

   

Thermal Sciences

 

   

Vehicle Analysis

Biomechanics

Our biomechanics staff uses engineering and biomedical science to solve complex problems at the intersection of biology and engineering. Our expertise is used to understand and evaluate the interaction between the human body as a biological system and the physical environment to explore the cause, nature, and severity of injuries.

During the past year our biomechanics staff performed analyses of human injury from rollovers and other incidents involving the use of off-road recreational vehicles. They also looked at the implications of using protective devices (such as restraint systems and helmets) on reducing potential injuries.

Biomedical Engineering

Our Biomedical Engineering Practice applies engineering principles to the medical field, including the evaluation of designs and performance of medical devices and biotechnology. Our engineers and scientists assist clients with characterization of biomaterials, biological tissues, and medical devices. As part of regulatory compliance, we can perform preclinical testing and formulate a related regulatory strategy, conduct design verification and validation, as well as design and manufacturing failure analyses, recall management, and medical device explant analysis. In addition, our staff can perform analysis of clinical outcomes for medical devices using administrative claims databases. Our expertise is also utilized in product liability, intellectual property litigation, technology acquisition and due diligence matters.

Buildings & Structures

The basic function of a building is to provide structurally sound, durable and environmentally controlled space to house and protect occupants and contents. If this basic function is not achieved, it is because some aspect(s) of the building design or construction failed to perform its intended function. Our architects, engineers, and scientists have been investigating such failures for decades, and we use all this experience to solve problems with building systems and components, including finding the best repair options and mitigating the risk of future failures.

During the past year, we have evaluated numerous problems with residential, commercial and industrial structures for insurers, attorneys and owners. Our evaluations often included property inspections, testing, engineering analysis and development of repair recommendations. In addition, we have worked with owners to assess and mitigate the risk of failure associated with natural hazards such as hurricanes, earthquakes and tsunamis. Finally, we continue to pursue activities to address green/sustainable building issues both from a construction as well as human health standpoint to confront major social and economic decisions regarding the relationship between people-environment-profit and the built environment.

Civil Engineering

Our Civil Engineering Practice provides broad expertise that includes geotechnical engineering, geological engineering, engineering geology, and geology to address a host of geo-failures, including landslides, foundation and retaining wall failures, dam and levee failures, and earthwork construction claims. Our Water Resources staff specializes in the application of proven hydrologic, hydraulic, hydrodynamic, and sediment transport research and science to provide scientifically sound and cost-effective solutions to our clients.

As a follow-up to our analysis of the Iraqi marshlands, our Water Resources consultants have been engaged to assess issues related to the effective use of water and land resources in Iraq. Working with the Iraqi Ministry of Water Resources, our staff is developing numerical models to assess the state of water resource management within Iraq which will be used to develop a water management plan for the country going forward. We have been retained to develop a water masterplan for Iraq’s long-term growth and stability. Part of this work includes coordination with Turkey and possibly other countries to revise historical trans-boundary water policies.

Construction Consulting

Our Construction Consulting Practice provides project advisory, risk analysis, strategic planning, dispute resolution, and financial damages services. Our multi-disciplinary staff, which includes engineers, architects, construction managers, accountants, and technical specialists, provides these services to both the public and private sectors on all types of construction projects.

 

 

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Our clients represent a diverse mix of companies and agencies that are involved in complex construction and capital projects. Our projects include many sectors of the construction industry, power plants, transmission and distribution facilities, petrochemical facilities, water/wastewater treatment plants, bridges and roads, marine structures, rail systems, tunnels, airports, detention facilities, commercial buildings, institutional buildings, industrial and manufacturing facilities, sporting arenas, resorts and gaming facilities, and defense operations. We provide services to most construction industry participants: owners, lending agencies, contractors, subcontractors, designers, attorneys, and insurance carriers.

Defense Technology Development

Drawing on our multidisciplinary engineering, testing, failure analysis, and prevention expertise, our Defense Technology Development Practice specializes in harnessing advanced technologies and practices from the commercial world to help our defense clients rapidly achieve solutions to their hardest integration and development problems. We identify and leverage the best in commercial off-the-shelf technologies to create integrated combat systems and modules cost-effectively and without sacrificing reliability. Our engineers and scientists work in the field alongside military personnel to ensure we understand their problems and can rapidly deliver solutions.

During the past year we continued to develop our ground penetrating radar system to provide a real-time improvised explosive device/mine detection capability to a range of ground vehicles. We were responsible for the overall system integration and developing a custom signal processing and system control software. The system is currently operational with the U.S. military and is being developed for use by several other countries. We also continue to deliver rapid deployment integrated surveillance systems that minimizes soldiers’ exposure to threats by providing continuous surveillance throughout Iraq and Afghanistan.

Ecological & Biological Sciences

Our ecological scientists provide strategic support to clients on issues related to natural resources damages associated with chemicals and forest fires, international environmental disputes, ecosystem

service assessments for businesses, climate change, ecological risk assessment, novel remediation methods, restoration of wetlands and other natural resources, large development projects, resource utilization (mineral mining, oil and gas, wood pulp), and the use of chemicals and other products in commerce. The practice specializes in assessing the fate and effects of chemical, biological, and physical stressors on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. The practice is comprised of nationally recognized experts that cover all disciplines related to the ecological implications and risks associated with these projects.

During the past year, we were involved in projects throughout North America, Latin America, and the Middle East. We have become increasingly involved in providing expert advice and assessment methodologies related to endangered species such as the Indiana Bat (risks from wind farms), invasive species (introductions of new oyster species into U.S. waters), and biological pests such as bed bugs, an issue discussed in the media throughout the year. Our biological assessment team includes consultants with knowledge of parasitology, entomology, tropical medicine, parasite-transmitted diseases, plus those with various complementary scientific expertise.

Electrical & Semiconductors

Our team of electrical engineers performs a wide array of investigations ranging from electric power systems to semiconductor devices and contributes to safer, more reliable, electrical designs in new products. We operate laboratories for testing both heavy equipment and light electronic equipment. In addition we have a broad capability in analyzing computer software.

During the past year our electrical engineers were retained by Toyota to evaluate reports of unintended acceleration in Toyota and Lexus vehicles equipped with the Electronic Throttle Control System with Intelligence (“ETCS-i”) system. Our current evaluation, which is ongoing, involves extensive testing on multiple vehicles and individual components under a variety of normal and abnormal conditions

Engineering Management Consulting

This practice provides multi-disciplinary expertise and rapid response to assist clients with technical and management consulting services, often in extremely short time frames. Our consultants provide services in the areas of asset strategy and planning, project

 

 

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management, engineering, construction, maintenance, operations, environmental and risk analysis. This practice primarily services the electric and gas utility industries, focusing on transmission and distribution as well as fossil fuel and nuclear generation.

We provide unique and advanced services in performing risk and reliability assessments. Our scientists and engineers assist our clients in minimizing bottom-line losses in their business or operation. Accidents, unanticipated events, and system failures are the primary causes of deferred or lost production interruptions and may lead to loss of life, injury, property damage, and undesired releases. Our multi-disciplinary staff has performed diverse technical, business-interruption, and compliance-related risk and reliability assessments for chemical, petrochemical, petroleum, and manufacturing clients worldwide.

Environmental & Earth Sciences

Our environmental scientists and engineers provide proven, cost-effective, scientifically defensible and realistic assessments and solutions to complex environmental issues. We offer technical, regulatory and litigation support to industries that include manufacturing, mining and minerals, oil and gas, chemicals, forest products, railroads, aerospace, and trade associations. Our consultants specialize in the areas of environmental chemistry and forensics, hydrogeology, air toxics, modeling and monitoring, remediation consulting, environmental engineering and waste management, and evaluation of environmental and social risks for large international capital projects. Our work often involves complex and high visibility environmental scenarios, claims, or toxic tort matters, where evaluation of contamination and historical reconstruction of events, releases, and doses are central to problem resolution.

Health Centers

Center for Chemical Regulation & Food Safety

Our Center for Chemical Regulation and Food Safety includes experienced staff of both technical and regulatory specialists who are experienced in dealing with foods, and with pesticide and non-pesticide products including conventional chemicals, biochemicals, microbials, biocides, products of biotechnology, and industrial chemicals. We provide practical, creative, scientific and regulatory support to meet global business objectives at every stage of the product cycle, from research and development to retail and beyond.

During the past year our food & chemical regulatory staff completed a significant number of projects related to REACH. REACH, Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances, is the European Union chemicals policy that requires all new substances supplied at greater than 1 tonne (approx. 2,205 lbs.) per year to be registered. With the first registration deadline for phase-in substances having been December 2010, our staff assisted a number of clients with their dossier submittals for substances of very high concern and those manufactured or imported at above 1,000 tonnes per year. In the U.S. we continued to provide services related to product development and new U.S. product registration, due diligence, and data compensation areas, as well as the approval of new pesticide inert ingredients and new chemical approvals. Our food safety consultants assisted clients with product recall, and litigation support, as well as new U.S. regulatory requirements signed into law in January 2011.

Center for Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Computational Biology

Our health scientists apply epidemiologic methods to examine and address complex health issues in a variety of settings. Through the principles of epidemiology, we analyze the interaction of host, agent, and environment to reach conclusions about the causes and occurrence of disease in human populations.

Our consultants have conducted many case-control, cohort (both prospective and retrospective), cross-sectional, experimental, and methodological studies. These studies have evaluated a variety of potential etiologic factors including occupational exposures, radiation, pesticides and other chemicals, hormones, medications, diet, alcohol, and tobacco, as well as other lifestyle factors. In 2010 we added a number of pharmacoepidemiology professionals that bring hands-on technical and strategic experience in the design and completion of preclinical drug development programs as well as the design and completion of national and international clinical development programs for a wide variety of indications, ultimately bringing these new drugs and drug combinations to market.

 

 

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Center for Exposure Assessment & Dose Reconstruction

Exposure assessment is the science of estimating human exposure to chemical, physical, and biological agents, accounting for the frequency, magnitude, and duration of the exposure events. Exposure estimates can be compared to toxicity benchmarks or guidelines to assess potential risks to human health, and provide critical inputs to human epidemiology studies, risk assessment, and regulatory compliance.

Our scientists identify and thoroughly evaluate a hazard as it exists or existed within a given environment, to assess the likelihood of the hazard migrating from an environmental release (e.g., soil, ambient air, water), consumer products, or an occupational environment to a given receptor or human population. Such evaluations include determining the chemical concentration, exposure duration, and frequency of occurrence that would be necessary to elicit the damage or adverse health effect alleged. We employ methods such as exposure simulation and dose reconstruction to re-create historical exposures to chemicals that may have occurred, when such exposures pre-date accurate measurements of chemical concentrations in the occupational environment. Our scientists have also aided regulatory agencies in developing health-based protective limits in occupational settings and setting occupational exposure limits.

Center for Occupational Medicine & Environmental Health

This center is composed of industrial hygienists, safety professionals, physicians, and scientists, with specialized training in the anticipation, recognition, evaluation, risk assessment, and control of human health hazards.

Our staff has partnered with and assisted clients with health-related issues involving workers, products, and manufacturing processes and issues concerning communities and the environment. We draw on the expertise and resources of staff located throughout the United States. Our team includes senior physicians and experienced health scientists specializing in the fields of epidemiology, industrial hygiene, toxicology, safety and engineering. This unique multidisciplinary team provides the necessary insight to address complex health issues facing businesses, corporations, property owners and others. We help to investigate a broad variety of environmental health concerns, such as evaluating claims of illnesses from environmental exposures to

chemicals, dusts, molds and micro-organisms, and we develop strategies to aid in controlling such exposures when needed. We also have assisted clients with their preventive health program needs in the workplace and provide external verification of health services performance. Common medical conditions, if not managed well, can erode worker productivity and have consequent effects on the competitiveness of an enterprise.

Center for Toxicology & Mechanistic Biology

We have exceptional expertise and depth in toxicology and mechanistic biology. We provide knowledge and experience that improve decisions affecting the regulation of important substances in commerce. We work with our clients to resolve important issues that affect the safe use of a wide variety of substances. We evaluate the mechanisms by which substances can affect complex biological systems, provide perspectives on potential effects at realistic human and environmental exposure levels, and develop strategies to manage human health and environmental risks. We are recognized for our outstanding credentials and decades of experience from government, academia and industry.

During the past year we added a number of professionals with significant expertise in the pharmaceutical arena. Members of the staff have brought expertise in numerous sub-disciplines of toxicology and clinical toxicology to provide consulting in nearly all phases of drug development from preclinical studies to post marketing safety assessment. Our staff assists clients with coordination and management of traditional nonclinical toxicology and safety pharmacology studies designed to meet regulatory requirements as well as design and manage studies to address unique issues observed with their product.

Human Factors

Our Human Factors staff evaluates human performance and safety in product and system use. Our consultants study how the limitations and capabilities of people, including memory, perception, reaction time, judgment, physical size and dexterity, affect the way they use a product, interact with an organization or environment, process information or participate in an activity.

During the past year our scientists evaluated the human performance issues and behaviors that may have contributed to accident causation. We addressed the reliability of human memory and retrospective

 

 

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reporting in the gathering of fact-based evidence. We continue to review warnings and labeling issues related to consumer products, pharmaceuticals, medical devices and industrial products. In addition, we assist manufacturers with compliance of regulatory guidelines related to products and work with them regarding the Consumer Product Safety Commission’s new publicly available consumer product safety database, scheduled to go online in March 2011.

Industrial Structures

Our Industrial Structures Practice, based in Düsseldorf, Germany, specializes in design and assessment of industrial structures subject to extreme conditions. Our Düsseldorf office has provided design reviews and assessments on more than 800 structures around the world, and our staff has participated in the creation of several engineering standards. In 2010 the practice celebrated its 20th year of service.

Our Industrial Structures Practice provides planning, assessment, rehabilitation and dismantling analysis of bearing structures in three particular areas – antenna masts, power plants and special structures. One service we provide in over 500 locations throughout the year is quality assurance of antenna masts for a variety of facilities including telecommunications, wind energy and industrial chimneys. Our consultants provide inspection services related to new construction and assess design deficiencies related to new and existing facilities, as well as assist our clients in on-time, quality construction on their projects.

With the use of our self-developed computer software for non linear material behavior, we provide close-to-reality assessment of a wide variety of structures such as cracked reinforced concrete structures, multi-layer refractories or masonry towers.

Materials & Corrosion Engineering

Our in-depth knowledge of materials and electrochemistry, combined with the breadth of collective expertise in many areas of engineering and science, is used to understand how and why materials fail, as well as to prevent future failures. Our engineers and scientists use their broad background in field investigations, root-cause assessments, and materials engineering to solve complex problems for both industrial and legal clients. During the past year we conducted failure analysis, failure prevention, and integrity assessment

investigations for a wide variety of clients including medical, aerospace, chemical processing, pipeline, automotive, construction, recreational, and other industries.

Mechanical Engineering

We provide clients with a thorough comprehension of current or alternative designs to determine potential vulnerabilities before failures occur, develop appropriate risk mitigation methods, and provide post-failure investigations. Our consultants review the safety and reliability of processes and products for a variety of industries, including transportation, heavy industry, energy, and consumer products. Our scientists and engineers also provide services in the area of intellectual property and are often asked to interpret the language of the patent from a scientific and engineering perspective and provide valuable insight regarding the proper technical interpretation of the patent claims. During the past year our mechanical engineers worked on a wide variety of projects ranging from high profile consumer product recall investigations to international pipeline issues. Our staff developed and utilized detailed, validated computational models to evaluate equipment, consumer products and medical devices to solve a variety of technical challenges associated with their design and optimization.

Polymer Science & Materials Chemistry

Our expertise in plastics, rubber, adhesive and composite systems includes a fundamental understanding of chemistry, structure, processing, properties and uses. Our staff consults with industrial, government, and insurance clients, as well as their outside counsels, regarding polymers used in diverse applications and chemical aspects of critical manufacturing environments. We assist clients in understanding the short and long-term performance of polymers and other organic materials when challenged by physical, chemical, thermal and other operational stresses. During the past year we worked on a number of materials issues related to polymers used in building construction technologies, medical devices, food packaging, high performance coatings, energy and power systems, and general consumer products.

Statistical & Data Sciences

All humans continually bear a certain degree of risk of injury or death. Our Statistical & Data Sciences Practice specializes in determining whether a particular activity or product poses an unreasonable

 

 

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risk. Risk estimation involves establishing a reference period and then collecting information about the number of injuries (or other adverse events) suffered and the amount of exposure during this period. The practice also provides statistical consulting services at all stages of the product life cycle to assist companies in addressing development, manufacturing, regulatory and safety issues.

Our statisticians frequently execute assignments that complement investigations by other engineers and scientists in the firm. For a recent matter in which experts from our Vehicle Analysis and Biomechanics Practices were also retained, we used government data sources to estimate the risk of lumbar disc hernia in low-energy motor vehicle crashes. Synthesizing this information with published research on the incidence of hospitalization for lumbar disc hernia in a general population and on the diagnostic error rates associated with lumbar discography, we determined that a particular occurrence of lumbar disc hernia was more likely than not attributable to causes unrelated to a subject motor vehicle crash.

Thermal Sciences

We have investigated and analyzed thousands of fires and explosions ranging from high loss disasters at manufacturing facilities to small insurance claims. Information gained from these analyses has helped us assist clients in assessing preventive measures related to the design of their products.

Our engineers use fire modeling and other computational fire dynamics (CFD) modeling tools to supplement our analytical, experimental, and field-based activities. Our staff has been applying CFD models to determine the hazard areas associated with the dispersion of liquid natural gas vapor clouds and other dense-vapor releases. The application of CFD models to these types of analyses allows a more realistic representation of the release and dispersion scenarios (for example, accounting for terrain features and other obstructions), resulting in a more accurate understanding of the hazards and a more effective use of mitigation techniques. Based on our investigation experience, we also assist industry to minimize their risk of fires and explosions. Preventive services include process safety hazard analysis for the chemical and oil and gas industries, fire protection engineering and dust explosion consulting.

Vehicle Analysis

We have performed thousands of investigations for the automotive, trucking, recreational vehicle, marine, aviation, aerospace, and rail industries. Information gained from these analyses has assisted clients in assessing preventive measures related to the design of their products as well as evaluating failures. Our Test and Engineering Center located in Phoenix, Arizona, is the setting for our most exciting and complex tests, along with rigorous analysis of results. We have gained a worldwide reputation for our ability to mobilize resources expeditiously and efficiently, integrate a broad array of technical disciplines, and provide valuable insight that is objective and withstands rigorous scrutiny. Many of our projects involve addressing the cause of accidents. Our clients rely on us to determine what happened in an accident and why it happened. In many cases, they also want us to discover what could have been done to reduce the severity of the accident or to reduce injuries to those involved. Whether the objective is design analysis, component testing, or accident reconstruction, our knowledge of vehicle systems and accident reconstruction principles and our experience from conducting full-scale tests add insight and proficiency to every project.

COMPETITION

The marketplace for our services is fragmented and we face different sources of competition in providing various services. In addition, the services that we provide to some of our clients can be performed in-house by those clients. Clients that have the capability to perform such services themselves will retain Exponent or other independent consultants because of independence concerns.

In each of the foregoing practices and centers, we believe that the principal competitive factors are: technical capability and breadth of services, ability to deliver services on a timely basis, professional reputation and knowledge of the litigation and regulatory processes. Although we believe that we generally compete favorably in each of these areas, some of our competitors may be able to provide services acceptable to our clients at lower prices.

We believe that the barriers to entry are low and that for many of our technical disciplines, competition is increasing. In response to competitive forces in the marketplace, we continue to explore new markets for our various technical disciplines.

 

 

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EMPLOYEES

As of December 31, 2010, we employed 901 full-time and part-time employees, including 645 engineering and scientific staff, 86 technical support staff and 170 administrative and support staff. Our staff includes 560 employees with advanced degrees, of which 358 employees have achieved the level of Ph.D., Sc.D. or M.D.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The address of our internet website is www.exponent.com. We make available, free of charge through our website, access to our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other periodic Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) reports, along with amendments to all of those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we file the reports with the SEC. The content of our internet website is not incorporated into and is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

 

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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The executive officers of Exponent and their ages as of February 25, 2011 are as follows:

 

Name

  

Age

    

Position

Paul R. Johnston, Ph.D.    57      President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Elizabeth L. Anderson, Ph.D.    70      Group Vice President
Paul D. Boehm, Ph.D.    62      Group Vice President
Robert D. Caligiuri, Ph.D.    59      Group Vice President
Robert C. Lange    63      Group Vice President
Subbaiah V. Malladi, Ph.D.    64      Chief Technical Officer
John E. Moalli, Sc.D.    46      Group Vice President
John D. Osteraas, Ph.D.    56      Group Vice President
Richard L. Schlenker, Jr.    45      Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary

 

Executive officers of Exponent are appointed by the Board of Directors and serve at the discretion of the Board or until the appointment of their successors. There is no family relationship between any of the directors and officers of the Company.

Paul R. Johnston, Ph.D., joined the Company in 1981, was promoted to Principal Engineer in 1987, and to Vice President in 1996. In 1997, he assumed responsibility for the firm’s network of offices. In July 2003, he was appointed Chief Operating Officer and added responsibility for the Health and Environmental Groups. In 2006, he assumed line responsibility for all of the firm’s consulting groups. Dr. Johnston was named President in May 2007. He was named Chief Executive Officer and elected to the Board of Directors in May 2009. Dr. Johnston received his Ph.D. (1981) in Civil Engineering and M.S. (1977) in Structural Engineering from Stanford University. He received his B.A.I. (1976) in Civil Engineering with First Class Honors from Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland where he was elected a Foundation Scholar in 1975. Dr. Johnston is a Registered Professional Civil Engineer in the State of California and a Chartered Engineer in Ireland.

Elizabeth L. Anderson, Ph.D., joined the Company in June 2006 as a Group Vice President and Principal Scientist. Prior to joining Exponent, Dr. Anderson was President and CEO of Sciences International, a health and environmental consulting firm. Dr. Anderson received her Ph.D. (1970) in Organic Chemistry from The American University, M.S. (1964) in Organic Chemistry from the University of Virginia and B.S. (1962) in Chemistry from the College of William and Mary. Dr. Anderson is a Fellow of the Academy of Toxicological Sciences, a founder and past-President of the Society for Risk Analysis and Editor-in-Chief of the journal, Risk Analysis: An International Journal.

Paul D. Boehm, Ph.D., joined the Company in April 2004 as a Group Vice President and Principal Scientist. Prior to joining the Company, Dr. Boehm was Vice President and Market Manager, Oil and Gas Sector, at Battelle Memorial Institute from 2001 to 2004. From 1999 to 2001, Dr. Boehm was Vice President and Managing Director, Environmental Health and Safety Consulting at Arthur D. Little, Inc. Dr. Boehm received his Ph.D. (1977) and M.S. (1973) in Oceanography from the University of Rhode Island and B.S. (1970) in Chemical Engineering from the University of Rochester. Dr. Boehm has published more than 100 articles in peer-reviewed journals and authored numerous reports on environmental forensics and impact assessments. Dr. Boehm has been chosen to serve on several National Research Council panels.

 

 

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Robert D. Caligiuri, Ph.D., joined the Company in 1987. He was promoted to Principal Engineer in 1990 and Group Vice President in 1999. Dr. Caligiuri received his Ph.D. (1977) and M.S. (1974) in Materials Science and Engineering from Stanford University and B.S. (1973) in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, Davis. Prior to joining the Company he was a Program Manager and Materials Scientist for SRI International. He is a Registered Professional Metallurgical Engineer in the States of California, Utah, Michigan and North Carolina and a Fellow of the American Society for Materials.

Robert C. Lange worked for the Company from 1982 to 1994. During this period, he was promoted to Principal Engineer and Vice President in 1985. Mr. Lange rejoined Exponent in November 2008 as Group Vice President and Principal Engineer. From 1994 to 2008, Mr. Lange was Executive-In-Charge, Engineering Director, and Executive Director Vehicle Structure and Safety Integration at General Motors Corporation. Mr. Lange received his M.S. (1975) and B.S. (1969) in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Michigan. Mr. Lange is a past Director of the National Safety Council. Mr. Lange is a member of the Transportation Research Board Advisory Committee for Congressional Report on the Strategic Highway Research Plan, SHRP-2 and a past member of the Board of Directors of the National Safety Council. He was Chair of the Society of Automotive Engineers’ Motor Vehicle Systems Board from 2004 to 2008.

Subbaiah V. Malladi, Ph.D., joined the Company in 1982 as a Senior Engineer, becoming a Senior Vice President in January 1988 and a Corporate Vice President in September 1993. In October 1998, Dr. Malladi was appointed Chief Technical Officer of the Company. Dr. Malladi also served as a Director of the Company from March 1991 through September 1993. He was re-appointed as a Director in April 1996 and served on the Board until May 2005. He received a Ph.D. (1980) in Mechanical Engineering from the California Institute of Technology, M.Tech (1972) in Mechanical Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, B.E. (1970) in Mechanical Engineering from SRI Venkateswara University, India and B.S. (1966) in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics from Osmania University, India. Dr. Malladi is a Registered Professional Mechanical Engineer in the State of California.

John E. Moalli, Sc.D., joined the Company in 1992. He was promoted to Principal in 1997, served as an Office and Practice Director and became Group Vice President in 2002. Dr. Moalli received his Sc.D. (1992) in Polymers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and B.S. (1987) in Civil Engineering from Northeastern University. Dr. Moalli is a nationally recognized expert in polymetric materials and has an academic appointment at Stanford University.

John D. Osteraas, Ph.D., worked for the Company from 1982 to 1985 as a Senior Engineer. He rejoined the Company in 1990 as a Managing Engineer. He was promoted to Principal Engineer in 1992 and Group Vice President in 2006. Dr. Osteraas received his Ph.D. (1990) in Civil Engineering, M.S. (1977) in Civil Engineering: Structural Engineering from Stanford University and B.S. (1976) in Civil and Environmental Engineering from the University of Wisconsin. Dr. Osteraas is a Registered Professional Engineer in 13 states and is a Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers.

Richard L. Schlenker, Jr. joined the Company in 1990. Mr. Schlenker is the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary of the Company. He was appointed Executive Vice President in April 2010, Chief Financial Officer in July 1999 and Secretary of the Company in November 1997. Mr. Schlenker was the Director of Human Resources from 1998 until his appointment as Chief Financial Officer. He was the Manager of Corporate Development from 1996 until 1998. From 1993 to 1996, Mr. Schlenker was a Business Manager, where he managed the business activities for multiple consulting practices within the Company. Prior to 1993, he held several different positions in finance and accounting within the Company. Mr. Schlenker holds a B.S. in Finance from the University of Southern California.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Exponent operates in a rapidly changing environment that involves a number of uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. These uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those mentioned elsewhere in this report and those set forth below.

Lack of sizable backlog may lead to less predictable, and perhaps lower, future revenues.

Revenues are primarily derived from services provided in response to client requests or events that occur without notice, and engagements, generally

 

 

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billed as services are performed, are terminable or subject to postponement or delay at any time by clients. As a result, backlog at any particular time is small in relation to our quarterly or annual revenues and is not a reliable indicator of revenues for any future periods. Revenues and operating margins for any particular quarter are generally affected by staffing mix, resource requirements and timing and size of engagements.

Failure to attract and retain key employees may adversely affect our business.

Exponent’s business involves the delivery of professional services and is labor-intensive. Our success depends in large part upon our ability to attract, retain and motivate highly qualified technical and managerial personnel. Qualified personnel are in great demand and are likely to remain a limited resource for the foreseeable future. We cannot provide any assurance that we can continue to attract sufficient numbers of highly qualified technical and managerial personnel and to retain existing employees. The loss of key managerial employees, business generators or any significant number of employees could have a material adverse impact on our business, including our ability to secure and complete engagements.

Competition could reduce our pricing and adversely affect our business.

The markets for our services are highly competitive. In addition, there are relatively low barriers to entry into our markets and we have faced, and expect to continue to face, additional competition from new entrants into our markets. Competitive pressure could reduce the market acceptance of our services and result in price reductions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

The loss of a large client could adversely affect our business.

We currently derive and believe that we will continue to derive a significant portion of our revenues from clients, organizations and insurers related to the transportation industry and the government sector. The loss of any large client, organization or insurer related to the transportation industry, government sector or any other large client, organization or insurer which is a significant customer, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Our business can be adversely affected by downturns in the overall economy.

The markets that we serve are cyclical and subject to general economic conditions. The direction and relative strength of the global economy continues to be uncertain. If the economic growth in the United States, where we primarily operate, continues to be slow and not improve, our clients may consolidate or go out of business and thus demand for our services could be reduced significantly.

Our clients may be unable to pay for our services.

If a client’s financial difficulties become severe, the client may be unwilling or unable to pay our invoices in the ordinary course of business, which could adversely affect collections of both our accounts receivable and unbilled services. On occasion, some of our clients have entered bankruptcy, which has prevented us from collecting amounts owed to us. The bankruptcy of a client with substantial accounts receivable could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We hold substantial investments that could present liquidity risks.

Our cash equivalent portfolio as of December 31, 2010, consisted primarily of obligations of state and local government agencies. We follow an established investment policy to monitor, manage and limit our exposure to interest rate and credit risk. The policy sets forth credit quality standards and limits our exposure to any one issuer, as well as our maximum exposure to various asset classes.

As a result of current adverse financial market conditions, investments in some financial instruments may pose risks arising from liquidity and credit concerns. As of December 31, 2010, we had no impairment charge associated with our investment portfolio relating to such adverse financial market conditions. Although we believe our current investment portfolio has a low risk of impairment, we cannot predict future market conditions or market liquidity and can provide no assurance that our investment portfolio will remain unimpaired.

Our business is dependent on our professional reputation.

The professional reputation of Exponent and its consultants is critical to our ability to successfully compete for new client engagements and attract or retain professionals. Proven or unproven allegations

 

 

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against us may damage our professional reputation. Any factors that damage our professional reputation could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our business can be adversely impacted by deregulation or reduced regulatory enforcement.

Public concern over health, safety and preservation of the environment has resulted in the enactment of a broad range of environmental and/or other laws and regulations by local, state and federal lawmakers and agencies. These laws and the implementing of new regulations affect nearly every industry, as well as the agencies of federal, state and local governments charged with their enforcement. To the extent changes in such laws, regulations and enforcement or other factors significantly reduce the exposures of manufacturers, owners, service providers and others to liability, the demand for our services may be significantly reduced.

Tort reform can reduce demand for our services.

Several of our practices have a significant concentration in litigation support consulting services. To the extent tort reform reduces the exposure of manufacturers, owners, service providers and others to liability, the demand for our litigation support consulting services may be significantly reduced.

Our quarterly results may vary.

Variations in our revenues and operating results occur from time to time, as a result of a number of factors, such as the significance of client engagements commenced and completed during a quarter, the timing of engagements, the number of working days in a quarter, employee hiring and utilization rates, and integration of companies acquired. Because a high percentage of our expenses, particularly personnel and facilities related expenses, are relatively fixed in advance of any particular quarter, a variation in the timing of the initiation or the completion of our client assignments can cause significant variations in operating results from quarter to quarter.

Our engagements may result in professional or other liability.

Our services typically involve difficult engineering and scientific assignments and carry risks of professional and other liability. Many of our engagements involve matters that could have a severe impact on a client’s business, cause a client to lose significant amounts of money, or prevent a client from

pursuing desirable business opportunities. Accordingly, if a client is dissatisfied with our performance, the client could threaten or bring litigation in order to recover damages or to contest its obligation to pay our fees. Litigation alleging that we performed negligently, disclosed client confidential information, lost or damaged evidence, infringed on patents, or otherwise breached our obligations to a client could expose us to significant liabilities to our clients or other third parties or tarnish our reputation.

Potential conflicts of interests may preclude us from accepting some engagements.

We provide litigation support consulting and other services primarily in connection with significant disputes, or other matters that are usually adversarial or that involve sensitive client information. The nature of our consulting services may preclude us from accepting engagements with other potential clients because of conflicts. Accordingly, the nature of our business limits the number of both potential clients and potential engagements.

The market price of our common stock may be volatile.

Many factors could cause the market price of our common stock to rise and fall. These include the risk factors listed above, changes in estimates of our performance or recommendations by securities analysts, future sales of shares of common stock in the public market, market conditions in the industry and economy as a whole, acquisitions or strategic alliances involving us or our competitors, restatement of financial results and changes in accounting principles or methods. In addition, the stock market often experiences significant price fluctuations. These fluctuations are often unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. When the market price of a company’s stock drops significantly, shareholders often institute securities class action litigation against that company. Any litigation against us could cause us to incur substantial costs, divert the time and attention of our management and other resources, or otherwise harm our business.

Impairment of goodwill may require us to record a significant charge to earnings

On our balance sheet, we have $8,607,000 of goodwill subject to periodic testing for impairment.

 

 

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Failure to achieve sufficient levels of cash flow at reporting units, the loss of key employees, or changes to the scope of operations of our business could result in goodwill impairment charges. Our goodwill impairment analysis also includes a comparison of the aggregate estimated fair value of all reporting units to our total market capitalization. Therefore, a significant and sustained decline in our stock price could result in goodwill impairment charges. During times of financial market volatility, significant judgment is required to determine the underlying cause of the decline and whether stock price declines are short-term in nature or indicative of an event or change in circumstances.

Impairment of long-lived assets or restructuring activities may require us to record a significant charge to earnings.

Our long-lived assets, including our office and laboratory space in Menlo Park, California and our test and engineering center in Phoenix, Arizona, are subject to periodic testing for impairment. Failure to achieve sufficient levels of cash flow at reporting units could result in impairment of our long-lived assets. In addition, we have operating lease commitments for office, warehouse and laboratory space of $18,225,000 as of December 31, 2010. Changes in the business environment could lead to changes in the scope of operations of our business. These changes, including the closure of one or more offices, could result in restructuring and/or asset impairment charges.

Our international operations create special risks that could adversely affect our business.

We have physical offices in the United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland and China and conduct business in several other countries. We expect to continue to expand globally and our international revenues may account for an increasing portion of our revenues in the future. Our international operations carry special financial, business and legal risks, including cultural and language differences; employment laws and related factors that could result in lower utilization, higher staffing costs, and cyclical fluctuations of utilizations and revenues; currency fluctuations that adversely affect our financial position and operating results; burdensome regulatory requirements and other barriers to conducting business; managing the risks associated with engagements with foreign officials and governmental agencies, including the risks arising from the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; greater difficulties in managing and staffing foreign operations; successful

entry and execution in new markets; restrictions on the repatriation of earnings, and potentially adverse tax consequences.

Inherent risks related to government contracts may adversely affect our business.

We work for various United States and foreign governmental entities and agencies. Government entities reserve the right to audit our contracts and conduct inquiries and investigations of our business practices with respect to government contracts. Findings from an audit may result in fees being refunded to the government or prospective adjustment to previously agreed upon rates that will affect future margins. If a government client discovers improper or illegal activities in the course of audits or investigations, we may become subject to various civil and criminal penalties and administrative sanctions, which may include termination of contracts, forfeiture of profits, suspension of payments, fines and suspensions or debarment from doing business with other agencies of the government. The inherent limitations of internal controls may not prevent or detect all improper or illegal activities, regardless of the adequacy of such controls. Government contracts, and the proceedings surrounding them, are often subject to more extensive scrutiny and publicity than other commercial contracts. Negative publicity related to our government contracts, regardless of whether it is accurate, may further damage our business by affecting our ability to compete for new contracts.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

 

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Item 2. Properties

Our Silicon Valley office facilities consist of a 153,738 square foot building, with office and laboratory space located on a 6.3-acre tract of land we own in Menlo Park, California and an adjacent 27,000 square feet of leased warehouse storage space.

Our Test and Engineering Center (TEC) occupies 147 acres in Phoenix, Arizona. We lease this land from the state of Arizona under a 30-year lease agreement that expires in January 2028 and have options to renew for two fifteen-year periods. We constructed an indoor test facility as well as an engineering and test preparation building at the TEC.

In addition, we lease office, warehouse and laboratory space in 17 other locations in 12 states and the District of Columbia, as well as in Germany, China, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Leases for these offices, warehouse and laboratory facilities have terms generally ranging between one and ten years. Aggregate lease expense in fiscal 2010 for all leased properties was $5,030,000.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Exponent is not engaged in any material legal proceedings.

Item 4. (Removed and Reserved)

 

PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Exponent’s common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, under the symbol “EXPO”. The following table sets forth for the fiscal periods indicated the high and low sales prices for our common stock.

 

Stock prices by quarter

   High      Low  

Fiscal Year Ended January 1, 2010:

     

First Quarter

   $   30.78       $   19.41   

Second Quarter

   $ 29.29       $ 23.50   

Third Quarter

   $ 30.00       $ 23.60   

Fourth Quarter

   $ 29.81       $ 25.01   

Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2010:

     

First Quarter

   $ 29.94       $ 25.13   

Second Quarter

   $ 33.92       $ 26.71   

Third Quarter

   $ 35.00       $ 28.36   

Fourth Quarter

   $ 41.26       $ 30.87   

As of February 18, 2011, there were 367 holders of record of our common stock. Because many of the shares of our common stock are held by brokers and other institutions on behalf of stockholders, we believe that there are considerably more beneficial holders of our common stock than record holders.

We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. See Item 7 of Part II “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

 

 

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The following table provides information on the Company’s share repurchases (of Company common stock) for the quarter ended December 31, 2010 (in thousands, except price per share):

 

     Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
     Average
Price Paid
Per Share
     Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
     Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares That
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plan or
Program
 

October 2 to October 29

     —         $ —           —         $ 14,995   

October 30 to November 26

     —           —           —         $ 14,995   

November 27 to December 31

     1       $ 35.03         1       $ 14,979   
                       

Total

     1       $ 35.03         1      

COMPANY STOCK PRICE PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The graph compares the Company’s cumulative total stockholder return calculated on a dividend-reinvested basis from 2005 through 2010 with those of the Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) 500 Index and the S&P SmallCap 600 Index. The Company does not have a comparable peer group and thus has selected the S&P Small Cap 600 Index. The graph assumes that $100 was invested on the last day of 2005. Note that the historic stock price performance is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

LOGO

 

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected consolidated financial data are derived from our consolidated financial statements. This data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, and with Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

     Fiscal Year  

(In thousands, except per share data)

   2010      2009      2008      2007      2006  

Consolidated Statements of Income Data:

              

Revenues before reimbursements

   $ 221,860       $ 205,714       $ 206,194       $ 183,139       $ 156,742   

Revenues

   $ 248,753       $ 227,882       $ 228,838       $ 205,148       $ 168,496   

Operating income

   $ 43,241       $ 33,262       $ 36,722       $ 29,944       $ 20,189   

Net income

   $ 27,521       $ 22,127       $ 23,160       $ 20,341       $ 14,194   

Net income per share:

              

Basic

   $ 1.92       $ 1.56       $ 1.57       $ 1.36       $ 0.89   

Diluted

   $ 1.83       $ 1.47       $ 1.47       $ 1.25       $ 0.83   

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

              

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 106,549       $ 67,895       $ 32,598       $ 10,700       $ 5,238   

Short-term investments

   $ —         $ 7,490       $ 24,772       $ 53,034       $ 52,844   

Working capital

   $ 136,860       $ 103,253       $ 82,073       $ 88,794       $ 81,280   

Total assets

   $ 258,892       $ 206,481       $ 183,090       $ 182,391       $ 161,216   

Long-term liabilities

   $ 17,358       $ 11,333       $ 6,761       $ 6,509       $ 6,185   

Total stockholders’ equity

   $ 183,800       $ 150,071       $ 128,094       $ 131,919       $ 124,305   

 

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

OVERVIEW

Exponent, Inc. is a science and engineering consulting firm that provides solutions to complex problems. Our multidisciplinary team of scientists, physicians, engineers, business and regulatory consultants brings together more than 90 different technical disciplines to solve complicated issues facing industry and government today. Our services include analysis of products, people, property, processes and finances related to litigation, product recall, regulatory compliance, research, development and design.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

In preparing our consolidated financial statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on our revenue, operating income and net income, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our

consolidated balance sheet. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. On a regular basis we evaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates and make changes accordingly. We believe that the assumptions, judgments and estimates involved in the accounting for revenue recognition and estimating the allowance for doubtful accounts have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements, so we consider these to be our critical accounting policies. We discuss below the assumptions, judgments and estimates associated with these policies. Historically, our assumptions, judgments and estimates relative to our critical accounting policies have not differed materially from actual results. For further information on our critical accounting policies, see Note 1 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 

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Revenue recognition. We derive our revenues primarily from professional fees earned on consulting engagements, product sales in our defense technology development practice, fees earned for the use of our equipment and facilities, as well as reimbursements for outside direct expenses associated with the services that are billed to our clients.

Substantially all of our engagements are performed under time and material or fixed-price billing arrangements. For time and material and fixed-price projects, revenue is generally recognized as the services are performed. For substantially all of our fixed-price engagements we recognize revenue based on the relationship of incurred labor hours at standard rates to our estimate of the total labor hours at standard rates we expect to incur over the term of the contract. Our estimate of total labor hours we expect to incur over the term of the contract is based on the nature of the project and our past experience on similar projects. We believe this methodology achieves a reliable measure of the revenue from the consulting services we provide to our customers under fixed-price contracts.

Significant management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with the revenues recognized in any accounting period. These judgments and estimates include an assessment of collectibility and, for fixed-price engagements, an estimate as to the total effort required to complete the project. If we made different judgments or utilized different estimates, the amount and timing of our revenue for any period could be materially different.

All contracts are subject to review by management, which requires a positive assessment of the collectibility of contract amounts. If, during the course of the contract, we determine that collection of revenue is not reasonably assured, we do not recognize the revenue until its collection becomes reasonably assured, which in those situations would generally be upon receipt of cash. We assess collectibility based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the client, as well as the credit-worthiness of the client. Losses on fixed-price contracts are recognized during the period in which the loss first becomes evident. Contract losses are determined to be the amount by which the estimated total costs of the contract exceeds the total fixed price of the contract.

Estimating the allowance for doubtful accounts. We must make estimates of our ability to collect accounts receivable and our unbilled work-in-process. In circumstances where we are aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations to us, we record a specific allowance to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount we reasonably believe will be collected. For all other customers we recognize allowances for doubtful accounts based upon historical bad debts, customer concentration, customer credit-worthiness, current economic conditions, aging of amounts due and changes in customer payment terms. As of December 31, 2010, our accounts receivable balance was $72,034,000, net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,126,000.

 

 

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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the percentage of revenues of certain items in our consolidated statements of income and the percentage increase (decrease) in the dollar amount of such items year to year:

 

     PERCENTAGE OF REVENUES
FOR FISCAL YEARS
   

PERIOD TO

PERIOD CHANGE

 
     2010     2009     2008     2010 vs. 2009     2009 vs. 2008  

Revenues

     100.0     100.0     100.0     9.2     (0.4 )% 

Operating expenses:

          

Compensation and related expenses

     58.2        61.5        58.3        3.4        5.0   

Other operating expenses

     8.6        9.4        9.9        0.3        (5.6

Reimbursable expenses

     10.8        9.7        9.9        21.3        (2.1

General and administrative expenses

     5.0        4.8        5.9        12.3        (17.8
                                        
     82.6        85.4        84.0        5.6        1.3   
                                        

Operating income

     17.4        14.6        16.0        30.0        (9.4

Other income, net

     1.4        1.6        0.8        (7.8     112.1   
                                        

Income before income taxes

     18.8        16.2        16.8        26.2        (3.8

Provision for income taxes

     7.7        6.5        6.7        28.8        (2.9
                                        

Net income

     11.1     9.7     10.1     24.4     (4.5 )% 
                                        

 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Revenues for fiscal 2010 increased 9% and revenues before reimbursements increased 8% as compared to the prior year. This growth was due to solid overall demand and particularly strong performances in our defense technology development and mechanics and materials practices, as well as our environmental and health groups. We continued to work on a steady flow of reactive projects related to litigation, insurance claims and product recalls for which we were able to perform in-depth scientific research and analysis to determine what happened. During the year we were engaged by our clients on some major projects. We leveraged our unique engineering and scientific consulting expertise to address the key technical issues, as well as the potential health and environmental impacts. During fiscal 2010, we were also successful in expanding our client base in defense technology development to include three European countries. Throughout the year we experienced growth in regulatory compliance services as we helped clients complete the necessary scientific studies to meet the first major milestone in complying with the REACH regulation in the European Union.

Net income increased 24% and diluted earnings per share increased to $1.83 per share as compared to $1.47 per share last year. We were able to improve profitability and margins by effectively managing headcount over the past year to align our resources with demand and benefited from some major projects which resulted in improved utilization and increased leverage of our cost structure. Utilization for fiscal 2010 increased to 70% as compared to 66% during the prior year.

For 2011 we expect to be focused on selectively hiring new talent, continuing to manage our other operating and general and administrative expenses, generating additional cash from operations, maintaining a strong balance sheet, and undertaking activities such as share repurchases to enhance shareholder value.

OVERVIEW OF THE YEAR ENDED

DECEMBER 31, 2010

Our revenues consist of professional fees earned on consulting engagements, product sales in our technology development practice, fees for use of our equipment and facilities, and reimbursements for

 

 

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outside direct expenses associated with the services performed that are billed to our clients.

We operate on a 52-53 week fiscal year with each year ending on the Friday closest to December 31st. The fiscal years ended December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010 included 52 weeks of activity. The fiscal year ended January 1, 2009 included 53 weeks of activity.

During fiscal 2010, we had a 9% increase in revenues as compared to the prior year. The increase in revenues was due to an increase in billable hours in our engineering and other scientific segment and our environmental and health segment, an increase in reimbursable project related costs for consulting projects in our defense technology development practice and higher billing rates. Billable hours increased 3.8% to 900,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to 867,000 during the prior year. The increase in billable hours was due to an increase in activity in the areas of our business that are related to litigation, regulatory compliance, and defense technology development. Reimbursable project related costs for consulting projects in our defense technology development practice increased 68% to $8,017,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to $4,762,000 during the prior year due to an increase in activity in this practice. Technical full-time equivalent employees decreased by 1.7% to 620 during fiscal 2010 as compared to 631 during the prior year. Utilization increased to 70% for fiscal 2010 as compared to 66% for the prior year. The increase in utilization was due to our management of headcount to align resources with anticipated demand.

FISCAL YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010, AND JANUARY 1, 2010

Revenues

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

Engineering and other scientific

   $ 184,146      $ 171,757        7.2

Percentage of total revenues

     74.0     75.4  

Environmental and health

     64,607        56,125        15.1

Percentage of total revenues

     26.0     24.6  
                  

Total revenues

   $ 248,753      $ 227,882        9.2
                  

The increase in revenues for our engineering and other scientific segment during fiscal 2010 was due to an increase in reimbursable project related costs for consulting projects in our defense technology development practice, an increase in billable hours and higher billing rates. Reimbursable project related costs for consulting projects in our defense technology development practice increased 68% to $8,017,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to $4,762,000 during fiscal 2009 due to an increase in activity in this practice. During fiscal 2010, billable hours for this segment increased by 0.5% to 641,000 as compared to 638,000 during fiscal 2009. Technical full-time equivalent employees for this segment decreased by 4.1% to 441 during fiscal 2010 as compared to 460 during fiscal 2009. Utilization for this segment increased to 70% for fiscal 2010 as compared to 67% during fiscal 2009. The increase in utilization was due to our management of headcount to align resources with demand and the benefit of some major projects. Product sales in our defense technology development practice were $12.1 million for both fiscal 2010 and 2009.

The increase in revenues for our environmental and health segment during fiscal 2010 was driven by an increase in billable hours and higher billing rates. During fiscal 2010, billable hours for this segment increased by 13.1% to 259,000 as compared to 229,000 during fiscal 2009. The increase in billable hours was due to an increase in activity in the areas of our business that are related to litigation and regulatory compliance pertaining to the registration of chemicals. Technical full-time equivalent employees for this segment increased by 4.7% to 179 during fiscal 2010 as compared to 171 during fiscal 2009. Utilization for this segment increased to 70% for fiscal 2010 as compared to 64% for fiscal 2009. The increase in utilization was due to our management of headcount to align resources with demand and the benefit of some major projects.

Revenues are primarily derived from services provided in response to client requests or events that occur without notice and engagements are generally terminable or subject to postponement or delay at any time by our clients. As a result, backlog at any particular time is small in relation to our quarterly or annual revenues and is not a reliable indicator of revenues for any future periods.

 

 

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Compensation and Related Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

Compensation and related expenses

   $   144,842      $   140,107        3.4

Percentage of total revenues

     58.2     61.5  

The increase in compensation and related expenses during fiscal 2010 was due to an increase in bonus expense partially offset by a decrease in payroll expense. Bonus expense increased by $5,422,000 due to a corresponding increase in profitability. Payroll expense decreased by $972,000 due to a 1.7% decrease in technical full time equivalent employees partially offset by our annual salary increases. Included in compensation and related expenses, with a corresponding increase to other income, net, is the increase in value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan of $1,925,000 and $1,891,000 for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively. We expect an increase in average technical full-time equivalent employees during 2011. Average technical full-time equivalent employees for the fourth quarter of 2010 were 634. We also expect an increase in compensation expense due to the impact of our annual salary increases which will be effective at the beginning of the second quarter of 2011.

Other Operating Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

Other operating expenses

   $   21,413      $   21,340        0.3

Percentage of total revenues

     8.6     9.4  

Other operating expenses include facilities-related costs, technical materials, computer-related expenses and depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements. Other operating expenses remained relatively consistent with the prior year due to our continuing efforts to manage our cost structure by reducing discretionary spending and negotiating favorable agreements with our vendors. We expect other operating expenses to grow as we selectively add new talent and make investments in our corporate infrastructure.

Reimbursable Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

Reimbursable expenses

   $   26,893      $   22,168        21.3

Percentage of total revenues

     10.8     9.7  

The increase in reimbursable expenses was primarily due to an increase in project related costs in our defense technology development practice. The amount of reimbursable expenses will vary from year to year depending on the nature of our projects.

General and Administrative Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

General and administrative expenses

   $   12,364      $   11,005        12.3

Percentage of total revenues

     5.0     4.8  

The increase in general and administrative expenses during fiscal 2010 was primarily due to an increase in legal expenses of $692,000, an increase in travel and meals of $563,000, and an increase in contributions of $227,000 partially offset by a decrease in bad debt expense of $617,000. The increase in legal fees was primarily due to the costs associated with legal claims. The increase in travel and meals was due to an increase in business development activities and a company-wide managers meeting. The decrease in bad debt expense was primarily due to an improvement in the general macroeconomic climate and the 2009 bankruptcy filings of Chrysler and General Motors. We expect general and administrative expenses to increase as we selectively add new talent, expand our business development efforts, and pursue staff development initiatives.

Other Income and Expense

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

Other income and expense, net

   $   3,467      $   3,759        (7.8 )% 

Percentage of total revenues

     1.4     1.6  

Other income and expense, net, consists primarily of investment income earned on available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, rental

 

 

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income from leasing excess space in our Silicon Valley facility, and changes in the value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan. The decrease in other income and expense, net, during fiscal 2010 was primarily due to a decrease in interest income of $416,000 due to lower short-term interest rates. Included in other income and expense, net, with a corresponding increase to compensation and related expenses, is the increase in value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan of $1,925,000 and $1,891,000 for fiscal 2010 and fiscal 2009, respectively.

Income Taxes

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2010     2009     Change  

Income taxes

   $ 19,187      $ 14,894        28.8

Percentage of total revenues

     7.7     6.5  

Effective tax rate

     41.1     40.2  

The increase in income tax expense was due to a corresponding increase in pre-tax income and an increase in our effective tax rate. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily due to a decrease in tax-exempt interest income.

FISCAL YEARS ENDED JANUARY 1, 2010, AND JANUARY 2, 2009

Revenues

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

Engineering and other scientific

   $ 171,757      $ 176,879        (2.9 )% 

Percentage of total revenues

     75.4     77.3  

Environmental and health

     56,125        51,959        8.0

Percentage of total revenues

     24.6     22.7  
                  

Total revenues

   $ 227,882      $ 228,838        (0.4 )% 
                  

The decrease in revenues for our engineering and other scientific segment during fiscal 2009 was the result of a decrease in billable hours and decrease in product sales in our technology development practice partially offset by an increase in realized billing rates.

During fiscal 2009, billable hours for this segment decreased by 4.2% to 638,000 as compared to 666,000 during fiscal 2008. The decrease in billable hours was due to fiscal 2009 having one less week of

activity than fiscal 2008. Utilization for this segment decreased to 67% for fiscal 2009 as compared to 68% for fiscal 2008. Technical full-time equivalent employees for this segment decreased by 0.6% to 460 during fiscal 2009 as compared to 463 during fiscal 2008. Product sales in our technology development practice decreased 14.2% to $12.1 million for fiscal 2009 as compared to $14.1 million for fiscal 2008.

The increase in revenues for our environmental and health segment during fiscal 2009 was the result of an increase in billable hours and higher billing rates. During fiscal 2009 billable hours for this segment increased by 3.2% to 229,000 as compared to 222,000 during fiscal 2008, despite fiscal 2009 having one less week of activity than fiscal 2008. This increase in billable hours was due to an increase in technical full-time equivalent employees. Technical full-time equivalent employees for this segment increased by 6.2% to 171 during fiscal 2009 as compared to 161 during fiscal 2008. Utilization for this segment decreased to 64% for fiscal 2009 as compared to 65% for fiscal 2008.

Compensation and Related Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

Compensation and related expenses

   $ 140,107      $ 133,469        5.0

Percentage of total revenues

     61.5     58.3  

The increase in compensation and related expenses during fiscal 2009 was due to the change in value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan and an increase in payroll. Compensation expense increased by $4.0 million, with a corresponding increase to other income, due to a change in the value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan. This increase consisted of an increase in the value of plan assets of $1.9 million during fiscal 2009 and a decrease in the value of plan assets of $2.1 million during fiscal 2008. Wages increased by $1.5 million during fiscal 2009 due to the impact of our annual salary increase and an increase in technical full time equivalent employees partially offset by fiscal 2009 having one less week of activity than fiscal 2008.

 

 

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Other Operating Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

Other operating expenses

   $ 21,340      $ 22,614        (5.6 )% 

Percentage of total revenues

     9.4     9.9  

Other operating expenses primarily include facilities-related costs, technical materials, computer-related expenses and depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements. The decrease in other operating expenses was primarily due to a decrease of $536,000 in technical materials, a decrease of $368,000 in occupancy expense and a decrease of $346,000 in computer expense. These decreases were all part of our continuing efforts to manage our cost structure by reducing discretionary spending and negotiating favorable agreements with our vendors.

Reimbursable Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

Reimbursable expenses

   $ 22,168      $ 22,644        (2.1 )% 

Percentage of total revenues

     9.7     9.9  

The amount of reimbursable expenses will vary from year to year depending on the nature of our projects.

General and Administrative Expenses

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

General and administrative expenses

   $ 11,005      $ 13,389        (17.8 )% 

Percentage of total revenues

     4.8     5.9  

The decrease in general and administrative expenses during fiscal 2009 was primarily due to a decrease in travel and meals of $1,763,000 and a decrease in personnel expenses of $1,045,000 partially offset by an increase in bad debt expense of $578,000. The decrease in travel and meals and personnel expenses were due to our continuing efforts to manage our cost structure by reducing discretionary spending and negotiating favorable agreements with our vendors. The increase in bad debt expense was primarily due to the general macroeconomic climate and the second quarter bankruptcy filings of Chrysler and General Motors.

Other Income and Expense

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

Other income and expense, net

   $ 3,759      $ 1,772        112.1

Percentage of total revenues

     1.6     0.8  

Other income and expense, net, consists primarily of investment income earned on available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, rental income from leasing excess space in our Silicon Valley facility, and changes in the value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan.

The increase in other income and expense, net, during fiscal 2009 was primarily due to a change in the value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan partially offset by a decrease in interest income. The change in the value of assets associated with our deferred compensation plan caused a $4.0 million increase in other income and expense, net, with a corresponding increase to compensation expense. This increase consisted of an increase in the value of plan assets of $1.9 million during fiscal 2009 and a decrease in the value of plan assets of $2.1 million during fiscal 2008. Interest income decreased $1.1 million due to lower short-term interest rates.

Income Taxes

 

(In thousands except    Fiscal Years     Percent  
percentages)    2009     2008     Change  

Income taxes

   $ 14,894      $ 15,334        (2.9 )% 

Percentage of total revenues

     6.5     6.7  

Effective tax rate

     40.2     39.8  

The decrease in income tax expense was due to a corresponding decrease in pre-tax income. The effective tax rate increased due to a decrease in tax exempt interest income.

RECENT ACCOUNTING

PRONOUNCEMENTS

In October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a new revenue recognition standard for arrangements with multiple deliverables. The new standard permits entities to initially use management’s best estimate of selling price to value individual deliverables when those deliverables do not have vendor specific objective evidence of fair value or when third-party evidence is not available. Additionally, the new standard modifies the manner in which the transaction consideration is allocated

 

 

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across the separately identified deliverables by no longer permitting the residual method of allocating arrangement consideration.

Also in October 2009, the FASB amended the accounting standards for revenue recognition to exclude software contained within certain qualifying tangible products from the scope of the software revenue recognition guidance if the software is essential to the tangible product’s functionality.

These new standards are effective for annual periods beginning after June 15, 2010 and are effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2011. We do not expect the adoption of these standards to have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009     2008  

Net cash provided by (used in):

      

Operating activities

   $ 36,052      $ 26,816      $ 36,368   

Investing activities

   $ 4,930      $ 16,136      $ 21,063   

Financing activities

   $ (2,220   $ (7,760   $ (34,063

We financed our business in fiscal 2010 principally through available cash and cash flows from operating activities. We invest our excess cash in cash equivalents and short-term investments. At the end of fiscal 2010, we had $106.5 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments compared to $75.4 million at the end of the prior year.

The increase in net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009 was due to an increase in net income, a larger increase in accrued payroll and employee benefits, a larger increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, an increase in deferred revenue, and an increase in stock-based compensation partially offset by a larger increase in accounts receivable and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets. Accrued payroll and employee benefits increased $8,696,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to an increase of $507,000 during fiscal 2009. The larger increase in accrued payroll and employee benefits was primarily due to an increase in deferred compensation and an increase in accrued bonuses driven by a corresponding increase in profitability. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities increased by $9,485,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to an increase of $714,000 during fiscal 2009.

The larger increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities was due to an increase in activity in our defense technology development practice and the timing of payments to our vendors. Deferred revenues increased $1,374,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to a decrease of $1,414,000 during fiscal 2009. The increase in deferred revenues was due to an increase in pre-billed projects. Stock-based compensation was $9,257,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to $7,931,000 during fiscal 2009. The increase in stock-based compensation was due to additional restricted stock unit grants during fiscal 2010 and an increase in the accrued bonus that we expect to settle with fully vested restricted stock units. Accounts receivable increased $11,181,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to an increase of $4,372,000 during fiscal 2009. The larger increase in accounts receivable was due to an increase in revenues. Days sales outstanding decreased to 92 days at the end of fiscal 2010 as compared to 96 days at the end of fiscal 2009. Prepaid expenses and other assets increased $8,520,000 during fiscal 2010 as compared to a decrease of $635,000 during fiscal 2009. The larger increase in prepaid expenses and other assets during fiscal 2010 was due to an increase in deferred compensation, an increase in inventory and an increase in prepaid income taxes.

The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities during fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008 was due to a smaller increase in accrued payroll and employee benefits, a smaller increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses, net of a smaller tax benefit for stock plans, a larger decrease in deferred revenues and a decrease in net income. Accrued payroll and employee benefits increased by $507,000 during fiscal 2009 as compared to an increase of $5.5 million during fiscal 2008. The smaller increase during fiscal 2009 was due to the timing of pay dates in relation to the end of our fiscal year and a decrease in the growth of accrued bonuses. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, net of the tax benefit for stock plans, decreased by $2.6 million during fiscal 2009 as compared to a decrease of $181,000 during fiscal 2008. The larger decrease during fiscal 2009 was due to the timing of payments to vendors and a decrease in activity in our technology development practice. During fiscal 2009 deferred revenues decreased $1.4 million as compared to a decrease of $287,000 during fiscal 2008. The larger decrease was due to fewer pre-billed projects.

During fiscal 2010, 2009, and 2008, net cash provided by investing activities primarily related to the purchase and sale or maturity of short-term investments.

 

 

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The decrease in net cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2010, as compared to fiscal 2009, was due to a decrease in repurchases of our common stock under our stock repurchase programs.

The decrease in net cash used in financing activities during fiscal 2009, as compared to fiscal 2008, was due to a decrease in repurchases of our common stock under our stock repurchase programs.

We expect to continue our investing activities, including capital expenditures. Furthermore, cash reserves may be used to repurchase common stock under our stock repurchase programs or strategically acquire firms that are complementary to our business.

The following schedule summarizes our principal contractual commitments as of December 31, 2010 (in thousands):

 

Fiscal year

   Operating
lease
commitments
     Capital
leases
     Purchase
Obligations
     Total  

2011

   $ 5,817       $ 5       $ 4,131       $ 9,953   

2012

     5,231         4         —           5,235   

2013

     2,934         2         —           2,936   

2014

     2,499         —           —           2,499   

2015

     1,479         —           —           1,479   

Thereafter

     1,705         —           —           1,705   
                                   
   $ 19,665       $ 11       $ 4,131       $ 23,807   
                                   

The above table does not reflect unrecognized tax benefits of $376,000, the timing of which is uncertain. Refer to Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion on unrecognized tax benefits.

We maintain a nonqualified deferred compensation plan for the benefit of a select group of highly compensated employees. Vested amounts due under the plan of $15,068,000 were recorded as a long-term liability on our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2010. Company assets that are earmarked to pay benefits under the plan are held in a rabbi trust and are subject to the claims of our creditors. As of December 31, 2010, invested amounts under the plan of $15,068,000 were recorded as a long-term asset on our consolidated balance sheet.

As permitted under Delaware law, we have agreements whereby we indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences while the officer or director is, or was serving, at our request in such capacity. The indemnification period covers all pertinent events and occurrences during the officer’s or director’s lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, we have director and officer insurance coverage that reduces our exposure and enables us to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. We believe the estimated fair value of these indemnification agreements in excess of applicable insurance coverage is minimal.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As part of our ongoing business, we do not engage in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities.

 

 

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Regulation G, conditions for use of Non-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“Non-GAAP”) financial measures, and other SEC regulations define and prescribe the conditions for use of certain Non-GAAP financial information. Generally, a non-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s performance, financial position or cash flow that either excludes or includes amounts that are not normally excluded or included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. We closely monitor two financial measures, EBITDA and EBITDAS, which meet the definition of Non-GAAP financial measures. We define EBITDA as net income before income taxes, interest income, depreciation and amortization. We define EBITDAS as EBITDA before stock-based compensation. The Company regards EBITDA and EBITDAS as useful measures of operating performance and cash flow to complement operating income, net income and other GAAP financial performance measures. Additionally, management believes that EBITDA and EBITDAS provide meaningful comparisons of past, present and future operating results. These measures are used to evaluate our financial results, develop budgets and determine employee compensation. These measures, however, should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute or superior to, operating income, cash flows, or other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of the Non-GAAP measures to the nearest comparable GAAP measure is set forth below.

The following table shows EBITDA as a percentage of revenues before reimbursements for fiscal years 2010, 2009 and 2008:

(in thousands, except percentages)

 

     Fiscal Years  
     2010     2009     2008  

Revenues before reimbursements

   $ 221,860      $ 205,714      $ 206,194   

EBITDA

   $ 50,833      $ 40,759      $ 40,896   

EBITDA as a % of revenues before reimbursements

     22.9     19.8     19.8

The increase in EBITDA as a percentage of revenues before reimbursements for fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009 was primarily due to an increase in utilization and our efforts to manage our cost structure. Utilization for fiscal 2010 increased to 70% as compared to 66% during fiscal 2009. In fiscal 2009, we were able to maintain EBITDA as a percentage of revenues before reimbursements as compared to fiscal 2008 through our efforts to manage our cost structure by reducing discretionary spending and negotiating favorable agreements with our vendors. In fiscal 2011, we expect EBITDA as a percentage of revenues before reimbursements to be slightly lower than fiscal 2010.

 

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The following table is a reconciliation of EBITDA and EBITDAS to the most comparable GAAP measure, net income, for fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008:

(in thousands)

 

     Fiscal Years  
     2010     2009     2008  

Net Income

   $ 27,521      $ 22,127      $ 23,160   

Add back (subtract):

      

Income taxes

     19,187        14,894        15,334   

Interest income, net

     (198     (614     (1,707

Depreciation and amortization

     4,323        4,352        4,109   
                        

EBITDA

     50,833        40,759        40,896   
                        

Stock-based compensation

     9,257        7,931        7,828   
                        

EBITDAS

   $ 60,090      $ 48,690      $ 48,724   
                        

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

Exponent is exposed to interest rate risk associated with our balances of cash and cash equivalents. We manage our interest rate risk by maintaining an investment portfolio primarily consisting of debt instruments with high credit quality and relatively short average effective maturities in accordance with the Company’s investment policy. The maximum effective maturity of any issue in our portfolio of cash equivalents and short-term investments is 3 years and the maximum average effective maturity of the portfolio cannot exceed 12 months.

If interest rates were to instantaneously increase or decrease by 100 basis points, the change in the fair value of our portfolio of cash equivalents would not have a material impact on our financial statements. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio. Notwithstanding our efforts to manage interest rate risk, there can be no assurances that we will be adequately protected against the risks associated with interest rate fluctuations.

We are exposed to some foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with our foreign operations. Given the limited nature of these operations, we believe that any exposure would be minimal.

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

See Item 15 of this Form 10-K for required financial statements and supplementary data.

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as stated in their report which is included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Form 10-K.

 

(a) Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13(a)-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and

 

 

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our principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this annual report.

 

(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2010.

 

(c) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act, during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially effect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

PART III

Certain information required by Part III is omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We intend to file a definitive Proxy Statement pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and certain information included therein is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 10.    Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

The information required by this item with respect to our directors, code of ethics and compliance with section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is incorporated by reference to the sections of the Company’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Proxy Statement”) entitled “Proposal No. 1: Election of Directors,” “Code of Business Conduct and Corporate Governance” and “Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act.” See Item 1 for information regarding the executive officers of the Company.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Proxy Statement entitled “Executive Officer Compensation”.

Item 12.    Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the sections of the Proxy Statement entitled “Stock Ownership” and “Equity Compensation Plan Information”.

Item 13.    Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Proxy Statement entitled “Related Party Transactions” and “Proposal No. 1 – Election of Directors”.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to the section of the Proxy Statement entitled “Principal Accounting Fees and Services”.

 

 

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PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

1.   

Financial Statements

  
  

The following consolidated financial statements of Exponent, Inc. and subsidiaries and the

  
  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm are included herewith:

  
          Page  
  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     32   
  

Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009

     34   
  

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010

     35   
  

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009

     36   
  

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009

     37   
  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009

     39   
  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     40   

2.      

  

Financial Statement Schedules

  
   The following financial statement schedule of Exponent, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009 is filed as part of this Report and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of Exponent, Inc. and subsidiaries:   
          Page  
  

Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

     59   
  

Schedules other than those listed above have been omitted since they are either not required, not applicable, or the information is otherwise included elsewhere in the report.

  

3.

  

Exhibits

  
          Page  
  

(a) Exhibit Index

     61   

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Exponent, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Exponent, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have also audited the accompanying financial statement schedule II. We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, appearing under Item 9A(b). Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule II, and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Exponent, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents

 

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fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. Also, in our opinion, Exponent, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

KPMG LLP

San Francisco, California

February 25, 2011

 

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Exponent, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands, except per share data)

   2010      2009      2008  

Revenues:

        

Revenues before reimbursements

   $ 221,860       $ 205,714       $ 206,194   

Reimbursements

     26,893         22,168         22,644   
                          

Revenues

     248,753         227,882         228,838   
                          

Operating expenses:

        

Compensation and related expenses

     144,842         140,107         133,469   

Other operating expenses

     21,413         21,340         22,614   

Reimbursable expenses

     26,893         22,168         22,644   

General and administrative expenses

     12,364         11,005         13,389   
                          
     205,512         194,620         192,116   
                          

Operating income

     43,241         33,262         36,722   

Other income:

        

Interest income, net

     198         614         1,707   

Miscellaneous income, net

     3,269         3,145         65   
                          

Income before income taxes

     46,708         37,021         38,494   

Provision for income taxes

     19,187         14,894         15,334   
                          

Net income

   $ 27,521       $ 22,127       $ 23,160   
                          

Net income per share:

        

Basic

   $ 1.92       $ 1.56       $ 1.57   

Diluted

   $ 1.83       $ 1.47       $ 1.47   

Shares used in per share computations:

        

Basic

     14,354         14,186         14,710   

Diluted

     15,069         15,030         15,724   

See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Exponent, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands, except par value)

   2010     2009  

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 106,549      $ 67,895   

Short-term investments

     —          7,490   

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,126 and $2,717, respectively

     72,034        62,662   

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     10,585        5,789   

Deferred income taxes

     5,426        4,494   
                

Total current assets

     194,594        148,330   
                

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net

     27,267        29,115   

Goodwill

     8,607        8,607   

Deferred income taxes

     12,940        10,476   

Deferred compensation plan assets

     15,068        9,544   

Other assets

     416        409   
                
   $ 258,892      $ 206,481   
                

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

   $ 9,715      $ 4,498   

Accrued payroll and employee benefits

     41,888        35,822   

Deferred revenues

     6,131        4,757   
                

Total current liabilities

     57,734        45,077   

Other liabilities

     413        367   

Deferred compensation

     15,068        9,543   

Deferred rent

     1,877        1,423   
                

Total liabilities

     75,092        56,410   
                

Commitments and contingencies

    

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, $.001 par value; 5,000 shares authorized; no shares outstanding

     —          —     

Common stock, $.001 par value; 100,000 shares authorized;

    

16,427 shares issued

     16        16   

Additional paid-in capital

     96,089        83,808   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (451     (367

Retained earnings

     156,086        139,606   

Treasury stock, at cost: 2,431 and 2,690 shares held, respectively

     (67,940     (72,992
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     183,800        150,071   
                
   $ 258,892      $ 206,481   
                

See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Exponent, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009     2008  

Net income

   $ 27,521      $ 22,127      $ 23,160   
                        

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:

      

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax

     (53     (122     (554

Unrealized (loss) gain arising during the period on investments, net of tax

     (31     100        (138
                        

Comprehensive income

   $ 27,437      $ 22,105      $ 22,468   
                        

See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Exponent, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

 

(In thousands)

   Common Stock      Additional
paid-in

capital
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income (loss)
    Retained
earnings
    Treasury Stock     Total  
             
             
   Shares      Amount            Shares     Amount    

Balance at December 28, 2007

     16,427       $ 16       $ 59,772      $ 347      $ 113,018        2,068      $ (41,234   $ 131,919   

Employee stock purchase plan

     —           —           409        —          —          (33     576        985   

Exercise of stock options, net of swaps

     —           —           (397     —          (6,249     (581     9,269        2,623   

Tax benefit for stock option plans

     —           —           5,551        —          —          —          —          5,551   

Amortization of unrecognized stock-based compensation

     —           —           3,762        —          —          —          —          3,762   

Purchase of treasury shares

     —           —           —          —          —          1,409        (41,273     (41,273

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     —           —           —          (554     —          —          —          (554

Grant of restricted stock units to settle accrued bonus

     —           —           3,637        —          —          —          —          3,637   

Settlement of restricted stock units

     —           —           —          —          (2,802     (126     1,224        (1,578

Unrealized gain (loss) on investments

     —           —           —          (138     —          —          —          (138

Net income

     —           —           —          —          23,160        —          —          23,160   
                                                                  

Balance at January 2, 2009

     16,427       $ 16       $ 72,734      $ (345   $ 127,127        2,737      $ (71,438   $ 128,094   

Employee stock purchase plan

     —           —           146        —          —          (33     702        848   

Exercise of stock options, net of swaps

     —           —           (227     —          (5,185     (392     8,251        2,839   

Tax benefit for stock option plans

     —           —           3,282        —          —          —          —          3,282   

Amortization of unrecognized stock-based compensation

     —           —           4,134        —          —          —          —          4,134   

Purchase of treasury shares

     —           —           —          —          —          540        (13,121     (13,121

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     —           —           —          (122     —          —          —          (122

Grant of restricted stock units to settle accrued bonus

     —           —           3,739        —          —          —          —          3,739   

Settlement of restricted stock units

     —           —           —          —          (4,463     (162     2,614        (1,849

Unrealized gain on investments

     —           —           —          100        —          —          —          100   

Net income

     —           —           —          —          22,127        —          —          22,127   
                                                                  

Balance at January 1, 2010

     16,427       $ 16       $ 83,808      $ (367   $ 139,606        2,690      $ (72,992   $ 150,071   

See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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(In thousands)

   Common Stock      Additional
paid-in
capital
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income (loss)
    Retained
earnings
    Treasury Stock     Total  
             
             
   Shares      Amount            Shares     Amount    

Balance at January 1, 2010

     16,427       $ 16       $ 83,808      $ (367   $ 139,606        2,690      $ (72,992   $ 150,071   

Employee stock purchase plan

     —           —           125        —          —          (26     671        796   

Exercise of stock options, net of swaps

     —           —           (82     —          (6,059     (330     8,220        2,079   

Tax benefit for stock option plans

     —           —           3,972        —          —          —          —          3,972   

Amortization of unrecognized stock-based compensation

     —           —           4,724        —          —          —          —          4,724   

Purchase of treasury shares

     —           —           —          —          —          244        (6,899     (6,899

Foreign currency translation adjustments

     —           —           —          (53     —          —          —          (53

Grant of restricted stock units to settle accrued bonus

     —           —           3,566        —          —          —          —          3,566   

Settlement of restricted stock units

     —           —           (24     —          (4,982     (147     3,060        (1,946

Unrealized gain on investments

     —           —           —          (31     —          —          —          (31

Net income

     —           —           —          —          27,521        —          —          27,521   
                                                                  

Balance at December 31, 2010

     16,427       $ 16       $ 96,089      $ (451   $ 156,086        2,431      $ (67,940   $ 183,800   
                                                                  

See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

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Exponent, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

     Fiscal Years  
(In thousands)    2010     2009     2008  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

   $ 27,521      $ 22,127      $ 23,160   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment and leasehold improvements

     4,323        4,352        4,109   

Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on short-term investments

     35        170        451   

Amortization of deferred compensation contribution

     —          —          181   

Deferred rent expense

     454        (370     38   

Provision for doubtful accounts

     1,809        3,918        2,750   

Stock-based compensation

     9,257        7,931        7,828   

Deferred income tax provision

     (3,229     (4,100     (1,344

Tax benefit for stock option plans

     (3,972     (3,282     (5,549

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Accounts receivable

     (11,181     (4,372     (5,139

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     (8,520     635        (655

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     9,485        714        5,368   

Accrued payroll and employee benefits

     8,696        507        5,457   

Deferred revenues

     1,374        (1,414     (287
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     36,052        26,816        36,368   
                        

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Capital expenditures

     (2,475     (2,017     (5,646

Purchase of short-term investments

     —          —          (77,911

Sale/maturity of short-term investments

     7,405        18,153        104,620   
                        

Net cash provided by investing activities

     4,930        16,136        21,063   
                        

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Tax benefit for stock option plans

     3,972        3,282        5,549   

Payroll taxes for restricted stock units

     (1,946     (1,849     (1,578

Repurchase of common stock

     (7,145     (12,875     (41,588

Exercise of share-based payment awards

     2,899        3,682        3,554   
                        

Net cash used in financing activities

     (2,220     (7,760     (34,063
                        

Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

     (108     105        (1,470
                        

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

     38,654        35,297        21,898   

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

     67,895        32,598        10,700   
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

   $ 106,549      $ 67,895      $ 32,598   
                        

 

See accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

      

 

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Exponent, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Exponent, Inc. together with its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”) is a science and engineering consulting firm that provides solutions to complex problems. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company operates on a 52-53 week fiscal year with each year ending on the Friday closest to December 31st. Fiscal year 2010 included 52 weeks of activity and ended on December 31, 2010. Fiscal year 2009 included 52 weeks of activity and ended on January 1, 2010. Fiscal year 2008 included 53 weeks of activity and ended on January 2, 2009.

Authorized Capital Stock

The Company committed to stockholders in a letter dated May 23, 2006 to limit its use of the increased authorized capital stock to 40 million common shares, and 2 million preferred shares, unless the approval of the Company’s stockholders is obtained subsequently, such as through a further amendment to the Company’s authorized capital stock.

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives its revenues primarily from professional fees earned on consulting engagements, product sales in its defense technology development practice, fees earned for the use of its equipment and facilities, as well as reimbursements for outside direct expenses associated with the services that are billed to its clients. Any taxes assessed on revenues relating to services provided to our clients are recorded on a net basis.

The Company reports service revenues net of subcontractor fees. The Company has determined that it is not the primary obligor with respect to these subcontractors because:

 

   

its clients are directly involved in the subcontractor selection process;

 

   

the subcontractor is responsible for fulfilling the scope of work; and

   

the Company passes through the costs of subcontractor agreements with only a minimal fixed percentage mark-up to compensate it for processing the transactions.

Reimbursements, including those related to travel and other out-of-pocket expenses, and other similar third party costs such as the cost of materials, are included in revenues, and an equivalent amount of reimbursable expenses are included in operating expenses. Any mark-up on reimbursable expenses is included in revenues.

Substantially all of the Company’s engagements are performed under time and material or fixed-price billing arrangements. On time and material and fixed-price projects, revenue is generally recognized as the services are performed. For substantially all of the Company’s fixed-price engagements, it recognizes revenue based on the relationship of incurred labor hours at standard rates to its estimate of the total labor hours at standard rates it expects to incur over the term of the contract. The Company believes this methodology achieves a reliable measure of the revenue from the consulting services it provides to its customers under fixed-price contracts given the nature of the consulting services the Company provides and the following additional considerations:

 

   

the Company considers labor hours at standard rates and expenses to be incurred when pricing its contracts;

 

   

the Company generally does not incur set up costs on its contracts;

 

   

the Company does not believe that there are reliable milestones to measure progress toward completion;

 

   

if the contract is terminated early, the customer is required to pay the Company for time at standard rates plus materials incurred to date;

 

   

the Company does not recognize revenue for award fees or bonuses until specific contractual criteria are met;

 

   

the Company does not include revenue for unpriced change orders until the customer agrees with the changes;

 

   

historically the Company has not had significant accounts receivable write-offs or cost overruns; and

 

   

its contracts are typically progress billed on a monthly basis.

 

 

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Product revenue is recognized, when both title and risk of loss transfer to the customer and customer acceptance has occurred, provided that no significant obligations remain. Revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated based on the relative fair value of each element, which is generally based on the relative sales price for each element when sold separately. If the fair value of one or more delivered elements cannot be determined revenue is allocated based on the residual method.

Gross revenues and reimbursements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, respectively, were:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009      2008  

Gross revenues

   $ 260,413       $ 234,602       $ 235,040   

Less: Subcontractor fees

     11,660         6,720         6,202   
                          

Revenues

     248,753         227,882         228,838   
                          

Reimbursements:

        

Out-of-pocket reimbursements

     4,870         4,652         5,182   

Other outside direct expenses

     22,023         17,516         17,462   
                          
     26,893         22,168         22,644   
                          

Revenues before reimbursements

   $ 221,860       $ 205,714       $ 206,194   
                          

Significant management judgments and estimates must be made in connection with the revenues recognized in any accounting period. These judgments and estimates include an assessment of collectibility and, for fixed-price engagements, an estimate as to the total effort required to complete the project. If the Company made different judgments or utilized different estimates, the amount and timing of its revenue for any period could be materially different.

All consulting contracts are subject to review by management, which requires a positive assessment of the collectibility of contract amounts. If, during the course of the contract, the Company determines that collection of revenue is not reasonably assured, it does not recognize the revenue until its collection becomes reasonably assured, which in those situations would generally be upon receipt of cash. The Company assesses collectibility based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the client, as well as the credit-worthiness of the client. Losses on fixed-price contracts are recognized during the period in which the loss first becomes evident. Contract losses are determined to be the amount by which the estimated total costs of the contract exceeds the total fixed price of the contract.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company translates the assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries, whose functional currency is the local currency, at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The adjustment resulting from translating the financial statements of such foreign subsidiaries is included in accumulated other comprehensive income, which is reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments such as money market mutual funds, commercial paper and debt securities with original maturities of three months or less.

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments consist of debt securities classified as available-for-sale and are carried at their fair value as of the balance sheet date. Short-term investments generally mature between three months and three years from the purchase date. Investments with maturities beyond one year are classified as short-term based on their highly liquid nature and because such marketable securities represent investments readily available for current operations.

The amortized cost of securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization is included in interest income. Realized gains or losses are determined on the specific identification method and are reflected in other income. Net unrealized gains and losses are recorded directly in accumulated other comprehensive income except for unrealized losses that are deemed to be other-than-temporary, which are reflected in net income.

Investments are reviewed on a regular basis to evaluate whether or not any security has experienced an other-than temporary decline in fair value. When

 

 

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assessing investments for other-than-temporary declines in fair value, the Company considers the significance of the decline in value as a percentage of the original cost, how long the market value of the investment has been less than its original cost, and any news that has been released specific to the investee.

Allowances for Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to meet their financial obligations. In circumstances where the Company is aware of a specific customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations a specific allowance is recorded to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount the Company reasonably believes will be collected. For all other customers the Company recognizes allowances for doubtful accounts based upon historical bad debts, customer concentration, customer credit-worthiness, current economic conditions, aging of amounts due and changes in customer payment terms.

Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are recognized using the straight-line method. Buildings are depreciated over their estimated useful lives ranging from thirty to forty years. Equipment is depreciated over its estimated useful life, which generally ranges from two to seven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their estimated useful lives, generally seven years, or the term of the related lease.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the assets to future undiscounted cash flows to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company has not recognized impairment losses on any long-lived assets in fiscal 2010, 2009 or 2008.

Goodwill

The Company assesses the impairment of goodwill annually and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that

the carrying amount may be impaired. The Company’s annual goodwill impairment review is completed at the end of the 47th week of each fiscal year. Factors that the Company considers when evaluating for possible impairment include the following:

 

   

significant under-performance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results;

 

   

significant changes in the manner of use of the acquired assets or the strategy for overall business; and

 

   

significant negative economic trends.

When evaluating the Company’s goodwill for impairment annually, or based upon the existence of one or more of the above factors, the Company determines the existence of an impairment by assessing the fair value of the applicable reporting unit, including goodwill, using expected future cash flows to be generated by the reporting unit. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation. The residual fair value after this allocation is the implied value of the reporting unit goodwill. The Company did not recognize any goodwill impairment losses in fiscal 2010, 2009 or 2008.

Deferred Revenues

Deferred revenues represent amounts billed to clients in advance of services provided, primarily on fixed-price projects. The Company had $6,131,000 and $4,757,000 in deferred revenues as of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, respectively.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis and the financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities from changes in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. United States income

 

 

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taxes are provided on the earnings of foreign subsidiaries unless the subsidiaries earnings are considered permanently reinvested outside the United States. An uncertain tax position is recognized if it is determined that it is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. The tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than fifty percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. Accrued interest and penalties are insignificant at December 31, 2010.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other assets and accounts payable. The carrying amount of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, other assets and accounts payable approximates their fair values.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the entire award. The Company estimates the number of awards that are expected to vest and revises the estimate as actual forfeitures differ from that estimate. Estimated forfeiture rates are based on the Company’s historical experience.

Net Income Per Share

Basic per share amounts are computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive per share amounts are computed using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive securities, using the treasury stock method if their effect would be dilutive.

The following schedule reconciles the denominators of the Company’s calculation for basic and diluted net income per share:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009      2008  

Shares used in basic per share computation

     14,354         14,186         14,710   

Effect of dilutive common stock options outstanding

     288         460         691   

Effect of unvested restricted stock units outstanding

     427         384         323   
                          

Shares used in diluted per share computation

     15,069         15,030         15,724   
                          

There were no options excluded from the diluted per share calculation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. Common stock options to purchase 60,000 and 53,854 shares with exercise prices greater than the average fair market value of the Company’s common stock, were excluded from the diluted per share calculation for the fiscal years ended January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, respectively. The weighted average exercise price for the antidilutive shares was $31.01 for each of the fiscal years ended January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009.

 

 

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Note 2: Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of December 31, 2010:

 

     Amortized      Unrealized      Unrealized      Estimated  
(In thousands)    Cost      Gains      Losses      Fair Value  

Classified as current assets:

           

Cash

   $ 41,782       $ —         $ —         $ 41,782   
                                   

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market securities

     64,767         —           —           64,767   
                                   

Total cash equivalents

     64,767         —           —           64,767   
                                   

Total cash and cash equivalents

     106,549         —           —           106,549   
                                   

Short-term investments:

           

State and municipal bonds

     —           —           —           —     
                                   

Total short-term investments

     —           —           —           —     
                                   

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

   $ 106,549       $ —         $ —         $ 106,549   
                                   

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments consisted of the following as of January 1, 2010:

 

     Amortized      Unrealized      Unrealized      Estimated  
(In thousands)    Cost      Gains      Losses      Fair Value  

Classified as current assets:

           

Cash

   $ 10,969       $ —         $ —         $ 10,969   
                                   

Cash equivalents:

           

Money market securities

     56,926         —           —           56,926   
                                   

Total cash equivalents

     56,926         —           —           56,926   
                                   

Total cash and cash equivalents

     67,895         —           —           67,895   
                                   

Short-term investments:

           

State and municipal bonds

     7,439         51         —           7,490   
                                   

Total short-term investments

     7,439         51         —           7,490   
                                   

Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

   $ 75,334       $ 51       $ —         $ 75,385   
                                   

Market values were determined for each individual security in the investment portfolio. As of December 31, 2010, Exponent had no available-for-sale securities.

 

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Note 3: Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including available-for-sale fixed income securities, trading fixed income and equity securities held in its deferred compensation plan and the liability associated with its deferred compensation plan. The fair value of these certain financial assets and liabilities was determined using the following inputs at December 31, 2010 (in thousands):

 

     Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using  
     Total      Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets

(Level 1)
     Significant Other
Observable
Inputs

(Level 2)
     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
 

Assets

           

Money market securities (1)

   $ 64,767       $ 64,767       $ —         $ —     

Fixed income trading securities held in deferred compensation
plan
(2)

     4,956         4,956         —           —     

Equity trading securities held in deferred compensation
plan
(2)

     10,423         10,423         —           —     
                                   

Total

   $ 80,146       $ 80,146       $ —         $ —     
                                   

Liabilities

           

Deferred compensation plan (3)

     15,379         15,379         —           —     
                                   

Total

   $ 15,379       $ 15,379       $ —         $ —     
                                   

 

(1)

Included in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

(2)

Included in other current assets and deferred compensation plan assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

(3)

Included in accrued liabilities and deferred compensation on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

 

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The fair value of these certain financial assets and liabilities was determined using the following inputs at January 1, 2010 (in thousands):

 

     Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using  
     Total      Quoted Prices in
Active Markets

for Identical
Assets

(Level 1)
     Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs

(Level 2)
     Significant
Unobservable
Inputs

(Level 3)
 

Assets

           

Fixed income available-for-sale securities (1)

   $ 64,416       $ 56,926       $ 7,490         —     

Fixed income trading securities held in deferred compensation
plan
(2)

     2,873         2,873         —           —     

Equity trading securities held in deferred compensation plan (2)

     6,960         6,960         —           —     
                                   

Total

   $ 74,249       $ 66,759       $ 7,490       $ —     
                                   

Liabilities

           

Deferred compensation plan (3)

     9,833         9,833         —           —     
                                   

Total

   $ 9,833       $ 9,833       $ —         $ —     
                                   

 

(1)

Included in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

(2)

Included in other current assets and deferred compensation plan assets on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

(3)

Included in accrued liabilities and deferred compensation on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

Fixed income available-for-sale securities represent primarily obligations of state and local government agencies. At December 31, 2010, $64,767,000 of money market securities were classified as cash equivalents. Fixed income and equity trading securities represent mutual funds held in the Company’s deferred compensation plan. See Note 12 for additional information about the Company’s deferred compensation plan.

At December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, the Company did not have any assets valued using significant unobservable inputs.

 

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Note 4: Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements

 

     Fiscal Years  
(In thousands)    2010      2009  

Property:

     

Land

   $ 4,450       $ 4,450   

Buildings

     33,727         33,419   

Construction in progress

     40         242   

Equipment:

     

Machinery and equipment

     25,118         23,770   

Office furniture and equipment

     5,861         5,739   

Leasehold improvements

     9,233         8,661   
                 
     78,429         76,281   

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

     51,162         47,166   
                 

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net

   $ 27,267       $ 29,115   
                 

Depreciation and amortization for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, was $4,323,000, $4,352,000 and $4,109,000, respectively.

Note 5: Goodwill

Below is a breakdown of goodwill, reported by segment as of December 31, 2010:

 

(In thousands)    Environmental
and health
     Engineering and
other scientific
     Total  

Goodwill

   $ 8,099       $ 508       $ 8,607   

There were no changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. There were no goodwill impairments or gains or losses on disposals for any portion of the Company’s reporting units during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

 

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Note 6: Inventory

At December 31, 2010, the Company had $1,630,000 and $1,225,000 of finished goods and raw materials inventory, respectively. At January 1, 2010, the Company had $143,000 of finished goods inventory included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying balance sheet. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market using the specific identification method.

Note 7: Other Significant Balance Sheet Components

Account receivable, net

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009  

Billed accounts receivable

   $ 47,198      $ 46,461   

Unbilled accounts receivable

     26,962        18,918   

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     (2,126     (2,717
                

Total accounts receivable, net

   $ 72,034      $ 62,662   
                

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009  

Accounts payable

   $ 6,966       $ 2,162   

Accrued liabilities

     2,749         2,336   
                 

Total accounts payable and other accrued liabilities

   $ 9,715       $ 4,498   
                 

Accrued payroll and employee benefits

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009  

Accrued bonuses payable

   $ 25,485       $ 20,172   

Accrued 401(k) contributions

     5,753         5,778   

Accrued vacation

     6,586         5,940   

Other accrued payroll and employee benefits

     4,064         3,932   
                 

Total accrued payroll and employee benefits

   $ 41,888       $ 35,822   
                 

Other accrued payroll and employee benefits consist primarily of accrued wages, payroll taxes and disability insurance programs.

Note 8: Income Taxes

Income before income taxes includes income from foreign operations of $2,995,000, $1,269,000 and $2,485,000 for fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Total income tax expense for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009 consisted of the following:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009     2008  

Current

      

Federal

   $ 17,383      $ 14,932      $ 12,728   

Foreign

     758        320        755   

State

     4,275        3,742        3,195   
                        
     22,416        18,994        16,678   

Deferred

      

Federal

     (2,474     (3,353     (1,090

State

     (755     (747     (254
                        
     (3,229     (4,100     (1,344
                        

Total

   $ 19,187      $ 14,894      $ 15,334   
                        

The Company’s effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal tax rate of 35% as shown in the following schedule:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009     2008  

Tax at federal statutory rate

   $ 16,347      $ 12,957      $ 13,473   

State taxes, net of federal benefit

     2,361        1,881        1,912   

Tax exempt interest income

     (62     (210     (558

Non-deductible expenses

     205        170        249   

Non-deductible stock-based compensation

     34        54        56   

Other

     302        42        202   
                        

Tax expense

   $ 19,187      $ 14,894      $ 15,334   
                        

Effective tax rate

     41.1     40.2     39.8
                        
 

 

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The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010 are presented in the following schedule:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009  

Deferred tax assets:

    

Accrued liabilities and allowances

   $ 11,786      $ 10,608   

Deferred compensation

     11,448        8,168   
                

Total deferred tax assets

     23,234        18,776   
                

Deferred tax liabilities:

    

State taxes

     (1,289     (1,008

Deductible goodwill

     (2,490     (2,225

Property, equipment and leasehold improvements

     (217     (474

Other

     (872     (99
                

Total deferred tax liabilities

     (4,868     (3,806
                

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 18,366      $ 14,970   
                

Management believes it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the net deferred tax assets.

The Company is entitled to a deduction for federal and state tax purposes with respect to employees’ stock award activity. The net deduction in taxes otherwise payable arising from that deduction has been credited to additional paid-in capital. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, the net deduction in tax payable arising from employees’ stock award activity was $3,972,000, $3,282,000 and $5,551,000 respectively.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States federal jurisdiction, California and various other state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to United States federal income tax examination for years prior to 2007. The Company is no longer subject to California franchise tax examinations for years prior to 2006. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to state and local or non-United States income tax examination by tax authorities for years prior to 2006.

At December 31, 2010, the Company had unrecognized tax benefits of $376,000, which primarily related to uncertainty regarding the sustainability of certain deductions taken on the Company’s federal and state income tax returns. A

reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

 

Balance at January 2, 2009

   $ 315,000   

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

     54,000   

Additions for tax positions of prior years

     4,000   

Reductions due to lapse of statute of limitations

     (49,000

Settlements

     —     
        

Balance at January 1, 2010

     324,000   

Additions based on tax positions related to the current year

     83,000   

Additions for tax positions of prior years

     3,000   

Reductions due to lapse of statute of limitations

     (34,000

Settlements

     —     
        

Balance at December 31, 2010

   $ 376,000   
        

Unrecognized tax benefits are included in other liabilities in the accompanying balance sheet. To the extent these unrecognized tax benefits are ultimately recognized, they will impact the effective tax rate in a future period. There are no uncertain tax positions whose resolution in the next 12 months is expected to materially affect operating results.

Deferred income taxes have not been provided on the undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries. The amount of such earnings at December 31, 2010 was $2,046,000. These earnings have been permanently reinvested and the Company does not plan to initiate any action that would precipitate the payment of income taxes thereon. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of additional tax that might be payable on the undistributed foreign earnings.

 

 

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Note 9: Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

The Company has authorized 5,000,000 shares of undesignated preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. The Company committed to stockholders in a letter dated May 23, 2006 to limit its use to 2,000,000 preferred shares, unless the approval of the Company’s stockholders is obtained subsequently, such as through a further amendment to the Company’s authorized capital stock. None of the preferred shares were issued and outstanding at December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated other comprehensive income consists of cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains or losses on investments.

Treasury Stock

Net losses related to the re-issuance of treasury stock of $11,041,000, $9,648,000 and $9,051,000 were recorded as a reduction to retained earnings during fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Repurchase of Common Stock

The Company repurchased 244,000 shares of its common stock for $6,899,000 during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010. The Company repurchased 540,000 shares of its common stock for $13,121,000 during the fiscal year ended January 1, 2010. The Company repurchased 1,409,000 shares of its common stock for $41,273,000 during the fiscal year ended January 2, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had remaining authorization under its stock repurchase plan of $14,979,000 to repurchase shares of common stock.

Note 10: Stock-Based Compensation

On May 29, 2008, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”). The 2008 Equity Incentive Plan and ESPP were previously adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on April 8, 2008, subject to stockholder approval. Upon stockholder approval of the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan and ESPP each of the following plans were terminated: the 1999 Stock Option Plan, the Restricted Stock Award Plan, the 1998 Stock Option Plan and the Employee Stock Purchase Plan established in 1992.

The 2008 Equity Incentive Plan allows for the award of stock options, stock awards (including stock units, stock grants and stock appreciation rights or other similar equity awards) and cash awards to officers, employees, consultants and non-employee members of the Board of Directors. The total number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan is 1,869,720 shares of common stock, subject to adjustment resulting from a stock split or the payment of a stock dividend or any other increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of the Company’s stock effected without receipt of consideration by the Company. As of December 31, 2010, 1,185,439 shares were available for grant under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan.

The ESPP allows for officers and employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions of up to 15% of a participant’s eligible compensation. Shares of common stock are purchased under the ESPP at 95% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on each purchase date. Subject to adjustment resulting from a stock split or the payment of a stock dividend or any other increase or decrease in the number of issued shares of the Company’s stock effected without receipt of consideration by the Company, the total number of shares reserved for issuance under the ESPP was 200,000 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2010, 123,244 shares were available for grant. Weighted average purchase prices for shares sold under all ESPP plans in fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $30.72, $25.46 and $29.97, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units

The Company grants restricted stock units to employees and outside directors. These restricted stock unit grants are designed to attract and retain employees, and to better align employee interests with those of the Company’s stockholders. For a select group of employees, up to 40% of their annual bonus is settled with fully vested restricted stock unit awards. Under these fully vested restricted stock unit awards, the holder of each award has the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock for each fully vested restricted stock unit four years from the date of grant. Each individual who received a fully vested restricted stock unit award is also granted a matching number of unvested restricted stock unit awards. These unvested restricted stock unit awards cliff vest four years from the date of grant, at which time the holder of each award will have the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock for each restricted stock unit award, provided the holder of each award has met certain employment conditions. In the case of retirement at

 

 

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59  1/2 years or older, all unvested restricted stock unit awards will continue to vest provided the holder of each award does all consulting work through the Company and does not become an employee for a past or present client, beneficial party or competitor of the Company.

The value of these restricted stock unit awards is determined based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The value of fully vested restricted stock unit awards issued is recorded as a reduction to accrued bonuses. The portion of bonus expense that the Company expects to settle with fully vested restricted stock unit awards is recorded as stock-based compensation during the period the bonus is earned. For the fiscal

years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense associated with accrued bonus awards of $4,533,000, $3,797,000 and $4,066,000, respectively.

The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense associated with the unvested restricted stock unit awards of $4,077,000, $3,467,000 and $3,032,000 during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, respectively.

 

 

The number of restricted stock unit awards outstanding as of December 31, 2010 is as follows(1):

 

     Number
of awards
outstanding
    Weighted-
average
fair value
 

Balance as of December 28, 2007

     452,373      $ 15.12   

Awards granted

     240,692        31.58   

Awards vested

     (200,983     23.35   

Awards cancelled

     (2,982     24.20   
                

Balance as of January 2, 2009

     489,100      $ 19.78   

Awards granted

     337,867        24.14   

Awards vested

     (284,423     19.00   

Awards cancelled

     (8,307     17.71   
                

Balance as of January 1, 2010

     534,237      $ 23.00   

Awards granted

     265,894        28.78   

Awards vested

     (241,916     23.26   

Awards cancelled

     (2,833     26.73   
                

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     555,382      $ 25.64   
                

 

(1)

Does not include employee stock purchase or stock option plans.

 

Stock Options

The Company currently grants stock options under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan. Options are granted for terms of ten years and generally vest ratably over a four-year period from the grant date. The Company grants options at exercise prices equal to the fair value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, the Company recorded stock-based compensation

expense of $31,000, $56,000 and $231,000, respectively, associated with stock options granted prior to, but not yet vested as of December 30, 2005. During the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $616,000, $611,000 and $499,000, respectively, associated with stock options granted after December 30, 2005.

 

 

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Option activity is as follows(1):

 

     Number
of shares
outstanding
    Weighted-
average
exercise
price
     Weighted-
average
remaining
contractual
term (years)
     Aggregate
intrinsic
value

(in
thousands)
 

Balance as of December 28, 2007

     1,711,350      $ 7.49         

Options granted

     60,000        31.01         

Options cancelled

     —          —           

Options exercised

     (583,051     4.59         
                      

Balance as of January 2, 2009

     1,188,299      $ 10.10         

Options granted

     30,000        23.07         

Options cancelled

     —          —           

Options exercised

     (401,190     7.73         
                      

Balance as of January 1, 2010

     817,109      $ 11.74         

Options granted

     42,500        25.96         

Options cancelled

     —          —           

Options exercised

     (348,469     7.67         
                      

Balance as of December 31, 2010

     511,140      $ 15.69         4.61       $ 11,170   
                                  

Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 2010

     499,394      $ 15.52         4.55       $ 10,998   
                                  

Exercisable at December 31, 2010

     375,140      $ 12.77         3.63       $ 9,293   
                                  

 

(1)

Does not include restricted stock or employee stock purchase plans

 

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009 was $8,086,064, $7,673,830 and $14,979,000, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010,

and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2010. This amount changes based on the fair-value of the Company’s stock.

 

 

Information regarding options outstanding at December 31, 2010 is summarized below:

 

     Outstanding      Exercisable  

Range of

exercise price

   Number
of

options
     Weighted-
average
remaining
life in years
     Weighted-
average
exercise
price
     Number
of

shares
     Weighted
average
exercise
price
 

$5.48-7.66

     153,640         1.66       $ 6.68         153,640       $ 6.68   

$11.31-11.31

     40,000         3.19       $ 11.31         40,000       $ 11.31   

$12.02-15.65

     115,000         4.19       $ 13.26         99,000       $ 13.40   

$18.37-25.96

     142,500         7.46       $ 22.14         52,500       $ 20.08   

$31.01-$31.01

     60,000         7.10       $ 31.01         30,000       $ 31.01   
                                            
     511,140         4.61       $ 15.69         375,140       $ 12.77   
                                            

 

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The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair value of options granted. The determination of the fair value of stock-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. These variables include expected stock price volatility over the term of the award, actual and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors, the risk-free interest rate and expected dividends.

The Company used historical exercise and post-vesting forfeiture and expiration data to estimate the expected term of options granted. The historical volatility of the Company’s common stock over a period of time equal to the expected term of the options granted was used to estimate expected

volatility. The risk-free interest rate used in the option-pricing model was based on United States Treasury zero coupon issues with remaining terms similar to the expected term on the options. The Company does not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future and therefore used an expected dividend yield of zero in the option-pricing model. The Company is required to estimate forfeitures at the time of grant and revise those estimates in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Historical data was used to estimate pre-vesting option forfeitures and stock-based compensation expense was recorded only for those awards that are expected to vest. All share based payment awards are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards.

 

 

The assumptions used to value option grants for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009 are as follows:

 

     Stock Option Plan  
     2010     2009     2008  

Expected life (in years)

     6.6        6.6        6.7   

Risk-free interest rate

     3.2     2.1     3.1

Volatility

     40     40     35

Dividend yield

     0     0     0

The weighted-average fair value of options granted during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009 were $11.70, $10.02 and $12.82, respectively.

The amount of stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of income for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009 is as follows:

 

(In thousands)    2010      2009      2008  

Compensation and related expenses:

        

Restricted stock units

   $ 8,257       $ 6,993       $ 6,966   

Stock option grants

     647         667         730   
                          

Sub-total

     8,904         7,660         7,696   
                          

General and administrative expenses:

        

Restricted stock units

     353         271         132   
                          

Sub-total

     353         271         132   
                          

Total stock-based compensation expense

   $ 9,257       $ 7,931       $ 7,828   
                          

As of December 31, 2010, there was $3.7 million of unrecognized compensation cost, expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years, related to unvested restricted stock unit awards and $0.9 million of unrecognized compensation cost, expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years, related to unvested stock options. Total unrecognized compensation costs will be adjusted for future changes in estimated forfeitures.

 

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A summary of the Company’s unvested stock options is as follows:

 

     Unvested
options
outstanding
    Weighted-
average
fair value
 

Balance of unvested stock options as of December 28, 2007

     268,000      $ 6.99   

Options granted

     60,000        12.82   

Options vested

     (104,000     6.68   

Options forfeited

     —          —     
                

Balance of unvested stock options as of January 2, 2009

     224,000      $ 8.70   
                

Options granted

     30,000        10.02   

Options vested

     (90,250     8.04   

Options forfeited

     —          —     
                

Balance of unvested stock options as of January 1, 2010

     163,750      $ 9.31   
                

Options granted

     42,500        11.70   

Options vested

     (70,250     8.19   

Options forfeited

     —          —     
                

Balance of unvested stock options as of December 31, 2010

     136,000      $ 10.64   
                

 

Note 11: Retirement Plans

The Company provides a 401(k) plan for its employees whereby the Company contributes to each eligible employee’s 401(k) account 7% of the employee’s eligible base salary plus overtime. The employee does not need to make a contribution to the plan to be eligible for the Company’s 7% contribution. To be eligible under the plan, an employee must be at least 21 years of age and be either a full-time or part-time salaried employee. The 7% Company contribution will vest 20% per year for the first 5 years of employment and then immediately thereafter. The Company’s expenses related to this plan were $5,598,000, $5,744,000, and $5,662,000 in fiscal 2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.

Note 12: Deferred Compensation Plan

The Company maintains a nonqualified deferred compensation plan for the benefit of a select group of highly compensated employees. Under this plan participants may elect to defer up to 100% of their compensation. Company assets that are earmarked to pay benefits under the plan are held in a rabbi trust and are subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors. As of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, the invested amounts under the plan totaled $15,379,000 and $9,833,000, respectively. These assets are classified as trading securities and are recorded at fair market value with changes recorded as adjustments to other income and expense.

As of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, vested amounts due under the plan totaled $15,379,000 and $9,833,000, respectively. Changes

in the liability are recorded as adjustments to compensation expense. During the fiscal years 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized compensation expense of $1,925,000, $1,891,000 and $(2,053,000) respectively, as a result of changes in the market value of the trust assets, with the same amount being recorded as other income, net.

Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies

The following is a summary of the future minimum payments, required under non-cancelable operating leases, with terms in excess of one year, as of December 31, 2010:

 

(In thousands)       

Fiscal year

   Lease
commitments
 

2011

   $ 5,817   

2012

     5,231   

2013

     2,934   

2014

     2,499   

2015

     1,479   

Thereafter

     1,705   
        
   $ 19,665   
        

Total rent expense from property leases in fiscal 2010, 2009, and 2008 was $5,030,000, $4,941,000 and $5,110,000, respectively. Total expense from other operating leases and commitments in fiscal 2010, 2009, and 2008 was $1,400,000, $1,549,000 and $1,477,000, respectively. The Company had $4,131,000 in outstanding purchase commitments as of December 31, 2010. These commitments are expected to be fulfilled by the end of fiscal 2011.

 

 

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In July of 2008, the Company was served with a writ by a former client. The writ did not articulate a claim. The Company met with the former client in November of 2008 and again in January of 2009 and learned in those discussions of potential claims against the Company arising out of the testimony delivered by one of the Company’s employees. The former client claims that this testimony contributed to an adverse verdict against them. Given the uncertainty as to whether the claimant will choose to pursue one or more claims against the Company, and the nature of the potential claims against the Company, an estimated loss cannot be determined at this time. The Company believes it has a strong defense against all such potential claims and intends to vigorously defend itself. Further, the Company believes that some of the potential claims would be covered by insurance. Although the Company’s ultimate liability in this matter (if any) cannot be determined, based upon information currently available, the Company believes, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate resolution of these potential claims will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

In March of 2010, a lawsuit was filed against the Company which alleges, among other things, that the Company failed to provide rest and meal periods, failed to furnish accurate itemized wage statements, failed to keep accurate payroll records, incurred waiting time penalties, conducted unfair business practices and failed to comply with certain other California Labor Code requirements. The plaintiff is currently trying to qualify a class of the Company’s California based non-exempt employees. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself. Although the Company’s ultimate liability in this matter cannot be determined, based on information currently available, the Company believes, after consultation with legal counsel, the ultimate resolution of this claim will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

In addition to the above matters, the Company is a party to various other legal actions from time to time and may be contingently liable in connection with claims and contracts arising in the normal course of business, the outcome of which the Company believes, after consultation with legal counsel, will not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. All legal costs associated with litigation are expensed as incurred.

Note 14: Other Income, Net

Interest and other income, net, consisted of the following:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009     2008  

Interest income

   $ 199      $ 617      $ 1,718   

Interest expense

     (1     (3     (11

Rental income

     1,390        1,405        1,544   

Gain (loss) on deferred compensation investments

     1,925        1,891        (2,053

Gain (loss) on foreign exchange

     (69     (298     465   

Other

     23        147        109   
                        

Total

   $ 3,467      $ 3,759      $ 1,772   
                        

Note 15: Industry and Client Credit Risk

The Company serves clients in various segments of the economy. During fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008 the Company provided services representing approximately 13%, 12% and 14%, respectively, of revenues to clients and to organizations and insurers acting on behalf of clients in the transportation industry. During fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008 the Company derived approximately 15%, 12% and 15%, respectively, of revenues from government agencies and contractors.

No single customer comprised more than 10% of the Company’s revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010. The Company derived 10% and 13% of revenues from agencies of the U.S. federal government for the years ended January 1, 2010 and January 2, 2009, respectively. No single customer comprised more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable at December 31, 2010. Agencies of the U.S. federal government comprised 13% of the Company’s accounts receivable at January 1, 2010.

 

 

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Note 16: Supplemental Cash Flow Information

The following is supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009      2008  

Cash paid during the year:

       

Income taxes

   $ 19,465      $ 15,297       $ 14,432   

Non-cash investing and financing activities:

       

Capital leases for equipment

   $ —        $ —         $ 17   

Unrealized (loss) gain on investments

   $ (31   $ 100       $ (138

Vested stock unit awards granted to settle accrued bonus

   $ 3,566      $ 3,739       $ 3,637   

Stock repurchases payable to broker

   $ —        $ 246       $ —     

Note 17: Segment Reporting

The Company reports two operating segments based on two primary areas of service. One operating segment is a broad service group providing technical consulting in different practices primarily in the areas of engineering and technology development. The Company’s other operating segment provides services in the area of environmental, epidemiology and health risk analysis. This operating segment provides a wide range of consulting services relating to environmental hazards and risks and the impact on both human health and the environment.

Segment information is presented for selected data from the statements of income and statements of cash flows for fiscal years 2010, 2009, and 2008. Segment information for selected data from the balance sheets is presented for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010. The chief operating decision maker does not review total assets in his evaluation of segment performance and capital allocation.

Revenues

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009      2008  

Engineering and other scientific

   $ 184,146       $ 171,757       $ 176,879   

Environmental and health

     64,607         56,125         51,959   
                          

Total revenues

   $ 248,753       $ 227,882       $ 228,838   
                          

Operating Income

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010     2009     2008  

Engineering and other scientific

   $ 49,182      $ 41,407      $ 44,605   

Environmental and health

     20,801        15,922        13,852   
                        

Total segment operating income

     69,983        57,329        58,457   

Corporate operating expense

     (26,742     (24,067     (21,735
                        

Total operating income

   $ 43,241      $ 33,262      $ 36,722   
                        

Capital Expenditures

 

    
     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009      2008  

Engineering and other scientific

   $ 1,706       $ 1,249       $ 4,365   

Environmental and health

     209         161         145   
                          

Total segment capital expenditures

     1,915         1,410         4,510   

Corporate capital expenditures

     560         607         1,136   
                          

Total capital expenditures

   $ 2,475       $ 2,017       $ 5,646   
                          

Depreciation and Amortization

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009      2008  

Engineering and other scientific

   $ 2,730       $ 2,820       $ 2,718   

Environmental and health

     195         195         192   
                          

Total segment depreciation and amortization

     2,925         3,015         2,910   

Corporate depreciation and amortization

     1,398         1,337         1,199   
                          

Total depreciation and amortization

   $ 4,323       $ 4,352       $ 4,109   
                          
 

 

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Information regarding the Company’s operations in different geographical areas:

Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements, net

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009  

United States

   $ 27,033       $ 28,795   

Foreign Countries

     234         320   
                 

Total

   $ 27,267       $ 29,115   
                 

Revenues (1)

 

     Fiscal Years  

(In thousands)

   2010      2009      2008  

United States

   $ 220,527       $ 211,562       $ 213,417   

Foreign Countries

     28,226         16,320         15,421   
                          

Total

   $ 248,753       $ 227,882       $ 228,838   
                          

 

(1)

Geographic revenues are allocated based on the location of the client.

 

 

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Table of Contents

Comparative Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

Summarized quarterly financial data is as follows:

 

Fiscal 2010

(In thousands, except per share data)

   April 2,
2010
     July 2,
2010
     October 1,
2010
     December 31,
2010
 

Revenues before reimbursements

   $ 55,201       $ 55,128       $ 56,906       $ 54,625   

Revenues

     59,406         60,439         66,306         62,602   

Operating income

     9,507         12,775         11,570         9,389   

Income before income taxes

     10,530         12,281         13,203         10,694   
                                   

Net income

   $ 6,239       $ 7,280       $ 7,820       $ 6,182   
                                   

Net income per share

           

Basic

   $ 0.44       $ 0.51       $ 0.54       $ 0.43   

Diluted

   $ 0.42       $ 0.48       $ 0.52       $ 0.41   

Shares used in per share computations

           

Basic

     14,212         14,377         14,385         14,443   

Diluted

     14,940         15,054         15,053         15,094   

Fiscal 2009

(In thousands, except per share data)

   April 3,
2009
     July 3,
2009
     October 2,
2009
     January 1,
2010
 

Revenues before reimbursements

   $ 54,931       $ 52,429       $ 50,666       $ 47,688   

Revenues

     59,796         60,862         55,245         51,979   

Operating income

     9,176         8,939         8,385         6,762   

Income before income taxes

     9,568         10,037         9,687         7,729   
                                   

Net income

   $ 5,758       $ 6,025       $ 5,833       $ 4,511   
                                   

Net income per share

           

Basic

   $ 0.41       $ 0.43       $ 0.41       $ 0.32   

Diluted

   $ 0.38       $ 0.40       $ 0.39       $ 0.30   

Shares used in per share computations

           

Basic

     14,092         14,167         14,241         14,245   

Diluted

     14,975         15,013         15,028         14,986   

 

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Table of Contents

Schedule II

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 

            Additions      Deletions (1)        

(In thousands)

   Balance at
Beginning of
Year
     Provision
Charged to
Expense
     Provision
Charged to
Revenues
     Accounts
Written-off
Net of
Recoveries
    Balance
at End of

Year
 

Year Ended December 31, 2010

             

Allowance for bad debt

   $ 788       $ 641       $ —         $ (727   $ 702   

Allowance for contract losses

   $ 1,929       $ —         $ 1,168       $ (1,673   $ 1,424   

Year Ended January 1, 2010

             

Allowance for bad debt

   $ 563       $ 1,319       $ —         $ (1,094   $ 788   

Allowance for contract losses

   $ 1,886       $ —         $ 2,599       $ (2,556   $ 1,929   

Year Ended January 2, 2009

             

Allowance for bad debt

   $ 566       $ 680       $ —         $ (683   $ 563   

Allowance for contract losses

   $ 1,611       $ —         $ 2,071       $ (1,796   $ 1,886   

 

(1)

Balance includes currency translation adjustments.

Recoveries of accounts receivable were $213,000, $131,000 and $63,000 for the years ended December 31, 2010, January 1, 2010, and January 2, 2009, respectively.

Schedules other than above have been omitted since they are either not required, not applicable, or the information is otherwise included in the Report.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

      EXPONENT, INC.
      (Registrant)
Date: February 25, 2011      

/s/ Richard L. Schlenker, Jr.

      Richard L. Schlenker, Jr., Executive Vice President,
      Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ Paul R. Johnston

   President, Chief Executive Officer and Director   February 25, 2011
Paul R. Johnston, Ph.D.     

/s/ Richard L. Schlenker, Jr.

Richard L. Schlenker, Jr.

   Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)   February 25, 2011

/s/ Michael R. Gaulke

   Chairman of the Board of Directors   February 25, 2011
Michael R. Gaulke     

/s/ Samuel H. Armacost

   Director   February 25, 2011
Samuel H. Armacost     

/s/ Mary B. Cranston

   Director   February 25, 2011
Mary B. Cranston     

/s/ Leslie G. Denend

   Director   February 25, 2011
Leslie G. Denend, Ph.D.     

/s/ Stephen C. Riggins

   Director   February 25, 2011
Stephen C. Riggins     

/s/ John B. Shoven

   Director   February 25, 2011

John B. Shoven, Ph.D.

    

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into (as indicated parenthetically), the Annual Report on Form 10-K:

 

       3.1(i)   Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 as filed on June 25, 1990, registration number 33-35562).
       3.1(ii)   Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 24, 2006).
      3.2      Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K as filed on February 14, 2011).
      4.1      Specimen copy of Common Stock Certificate of the Company (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Registration Statement on Forms S-1 as filed on June 25, 1990, registration number 33-35562).
*10.6     Exponent, Inc. 1998 Non Statutory Stock Option Plan dated October 24, 1998 (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 1999).
  10.10   Exponent, Inc. 1999 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999).
*10.11   Exponent, Inc. 1999 Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999).
  10.15   Commercial Lease No. 03-53542 between the Company and the Arizona State Land Department, effective January 17, 1998 (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 3, 2003).
*10.17   Exponent Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004).
*10.19   Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into or proposed to be entered into between the Company and its officers and directors (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2006).

 

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  10.20    Services Agreement between the Company and Exponent Engineering P.C. (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal period ended March 31, 2006).
*10.21    Employment Offer Letter between the Company and Dr. Elizabeth Anderson (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 9, 2006).
  10.24    Amendment No. 1 to Exponent, Inc. 1998 Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan dated January 29, 2007 (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2006).
  10.25    Amendment No. 1 to Exponent, Inc. 1999 Stock Option Plan dated January 29, 2007 (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2006).
  10.26    Amendment No. 1 to Exponent, Inc. 1999 Restricted Stock Plan dated January 29, 2007 (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2006).
  10.28    2008 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.30    Form of Stock Option Agreement under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.31    Form of Restricted Stock Unit Employee Bonus Grant Agreement under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan(incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.32    Form of Restricted Stock Unit Employee Matching Grant Agreement under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.33    Form of Restricted Stock Unit Director Grant Agreement under the 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.34    Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Unit Bonus Grant Agreement under the 1999 Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.35    Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Unit Matching Grant Agreement under the 1999 Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.36    Amended and Restated Restricted Stock Unit Director Grant Agreement under the 1999 Restricted Stock Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 1, 2009).
*10.37    Amended and Restated 2008 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal period ended July 2, 2010).
  10.38    Exponent, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2010.

 

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Table of Contents
21.1    List of subsidiaries.
23.1    Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a – 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
31.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a – 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
32.1    Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
32.2    Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

 

* Indicates management compensatory plan, contract or arrangement

 

63

EX-10.38 2 dex1038.htm 401(K) SAVINGS PLAN, AS AMENDED AND RESTATED EFFECTIVE JANUARY 1, 2010 401(k) Savings Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2010

Exhibit 10.38

EXPONENT, INC 401(K) SAVINGS PLAN

(As Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 2010)


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page  

ARTICLE I.

  INTRODUCTION      1   

ARTICLE II.

  DEFINITIONS      2   

2.1

  Account      2   

2.2

  Adjustment Factor      2   

2.3

  Administrator      2   

2.4

  Beneficiary      2   

2.5

  Board      2   

2.6

  Break in Service      2   

2.7

  Code      3   

2.8

  Committee      3   

2.9

  Company      3   

2.10

  Compensation      3   

2.11

  Contributions      4   

2.12

  Disability      4   

2.13

  Early Retirement      4   

2.14

  Earnings      4   

2.15

  Effective Date      4   

2.16

  Eligible Employees      4   

2.17

  Employee      5   

2.18

  Employer      6   

2.19

  Employer Mandatory Contributions      6   

2.20

  Employer Matching Contributions      6   

2.21

  Employment Commencement Date      6   

2.22

  Entry Date      6   

2.23

  ERISA      6   

2.24

  Highly Compensated Employee      7   

2.25

  Hour of Service      8   

2.26

  Leased Employee      9   

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

2.27

  Non-Highly Compensated Employee      9   

2.28

  Normal Retirement      9   

2.29

  Participant      9   

2.30

  Participating Employer      9   

2.31

  Plan      9   

2.32

  Plan Year      9   

2.33

  Qualified Matching Contributions      9   

2.34

  Qualified Nonelective Contributions      9   

2.35

  Reemployment Commencement Date      9   

2.36

  Regulations      9   

2.37

  Rollover Contributions      10   

2.38

  Salary Deferral Contributions      10   

2.39

  Section 415 Compensation      10   

2.40

  Severance Date      11   

2.41

  Spouse or Surviving Spouse      11   

2.42

  Trust      11   

2.43

  Trust Agreement      11   

2.44

  Trustee      11   

2.45

  Valuation Date      11   

2.46

  Year of Service      11   

2.47

  Other Definitions      12   

ARTICLE III.

  ELIGIBILITY      14   

3.1

  Participation      14   

3.2

  Reemployment      14   

3.3

  Change in Employment Status      14   

3.4

  Enrollment of Participant      14   

3.5

  Erroneous Participation      14   

 

-ii-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  
ARTICLE IV.   CONTRIBUTIONS      16   
4.1   Salary Deferral Contributions      16   
4.2   Roth Salary Deferral Contributions      16   
4.3   Employer Matching Contributions and Qualified Matching Contributions      17   
4.4   Employer Mandatory Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions      18   
4.5   Limitations on Contributions      19   
4.6   Time and Manner of Payment of Contributions      19   
4.7   Receipt of Assets from Another Plan      19   
ARTICLE V.   ACCOUNTS      21   
5.1   Participant’s Accounts      21   
5.2   Allocation of Contributions      22   
5.3   Allocation of Earnings      22   
5.4   Section 415 Limitations      22   
5.5   Discrimination Testing of Salary Deferral Contributions      23   
5.6   Distribution of Excess Elective Deferrals      26   
5.7   Discrimination Testing of Employer Matching Contributions      28   
5.8   Corrective Procedure for Discriminatory Matching Contributions      30   
ARTICLE VI.   VESTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF ACCOUNTS      32   
6.1   Vested Interest      32   
6.2   Forfeitures      33   
6.3   Early Retirement      35   
6.4   Normal Retirement      35   
6.5   Disability      35   
6.6   Death Benefits      35   
6.7   Termination of Employment      35   
6.8   Commencement of Distribution      35   
6.9   Special Distribution Rules for Salary Deferral Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions      38   

 

-iii-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

       Page   
6.10   Direct Rollovers and Withholding      38   
6.11   Form of Benefit      39   
6.12   Minimum Distribution Requirements      40   
6.13   Distribution to Minor or Incompetent      44   
6.14   Beneficiary Designation      44   
6.15   Spousal Consent      44   
6.16   Location of Participant or Beneficiary Unknown      45   
6.17   Hardship Distributions      45   
6.18   Loans      47   
6.19   In-Service Withdrawals at and After Normal Retirement      48   
6.20   Form of Distribution      49   
ARTICLE VII.   ADMINISTRATION      49   
7.1   Allocation of Administrative Responsibilities      49   
7.2   Powers and Duties of the Administrator      49   
7.3   Powers and Duties of the Committee      50   
7.4   Discretion of the Administrator and the Committee      51   
7.5   Reallocation or Delegation of Responsibility      51   
7.6   Committee Appointment and Governance      51   
7.7   Domestic Relations Orders      54   
ARTICLE VIII.   LEAVES OF ABSENCE AND TRANSFERS      57   
8.1   Military Leave of Absence      57   
8.2   Other Leaves of Absence      57   
8.3   Transfers      57   
ARTICLE IX.   TRUST PROVISIONS      59   
ARTICLE X.   FEES AND EXPENSES      60   
ARTICLE XI.   AMENDMENT, TERMINATION OR MERGER      61   
11.1   Amendment      61   
11.2   Termination      62   

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

11.3

  Merger      62   

ARTICLE XII.

  ADOPTION OF PLAN BY RELATED ENTITIES      63   

12.1

  Adoption of the Plan      63   

12.2

  Withdrawal      63   

ARTICLE XIII.

  CLAIMS PROCEDURE      64   

13.1

  Right to File Claim      64   

13.2

  Denial of Claim      64   

13.3

  Claim Review Procedure      64   

13.4

  Claims Procedure for Disability Benefits from the Merged Exponent, Inc. Employee Pension Plan      65   

ARTICLE XIV.

  TOP-HEAVY PROVISIONS      66   

14.1

  Purpose      66   

14.2

  Definitions      66   

14.3

  Determination of Present Values and Amounts      68   

14.4

  Minimum Allocation      69   

ARTICLE XV.

  MISCELLANEOUS      71   

15.1

  Legal or Equitable Action      71   

15.2

  Indemnification      71   

15.3

  No Enlargement of Plan Rights      71   

15.4

  No Enlargement of Employment Rights      71   

15.5

  Interpretation      71   

15.6

  Governing Law      72   

15.7

  Non-Alienation of Benefits      72   

15.8

  No Reversion      72   

15.9

  Conflict      73   

15.10

  Severability      73   

15.11

  Conditional Restatement      73   

APPENDIX A

  GUIDELINES FOR ANNUITY FORMS OF DISTRIBUTION      A-1   

A.1.

  Definitions      A-1   

 

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

(continued)

 

         Page  

A.2.

  Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity      A-2   

A.3.

  Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity      A-3   

A.4.

  Election of Optional Forms of Benefit      A-4   

A.5.

  Special Payment Date      A-6   

A.6.

  Spousal Consent      A-6   

APPENDIX B

  FORM OF BENEFIT DISTRIBUTIONS FOR PARTICIPANTS COMMENCING PARTICIPATION BEFORE JANUARY 2, 1999      B-1   

B.1.

  Automatic Form of Distribution      B-1   

B.2.

  Optional Forms of Distribution      B-1   

APPENDIX C

  MERGER OF PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. SAVINGS PLAN      C-1   

C.1.

  Transfer of Account Balances      C-1   

C.2.

  Amount of Account Balance      C-1   

C.3.

  Investment of Account Balance      C-1   

C.4.

  Service Credit      C-1   

C.5.

  Vesting      C-1   

C.6.

  Protected Benefits      C-2   

APPENDIX D

  MERGER OF THE EXPONENT, INC. EMPLOYEE PENSION PLAN      D-1   

D.1.

  Transfer of Account Balances      D-1   

D.2.

  Amount of Account Balance      D-1   

D.3.

  Investment of Account Balance      D-1   

D.4.

  Service Credit      D-1   

D.5.

  Protected Benefits      D-1   

D.6.

  FaAA Protected Benefits      D-3   

D.7.

  In-Service Withdrawals Prohibited      D-3   

 

-vi-


ARTICLE I.

INTRODUCTION

Exponent, Inc. maintains the Exponent, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan, consisting of the following provisions, for the exclusive benefit of Participants and their Beneficiaries (and for defraying reasonable administrative expenses of the Plan). The Plan was originally established effective as of March 1, 1988 as The Failure Group, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan, and the Plan has been subsequently renamed, and amended and restated on several occasions. The Company further amends and restates the Plan, in its entirety, effective as of January 1, 2010 (except as otherwise stated herein).

Effective as of July 1, 1999, the Performance Technologies, Incorporated Savings Plan was merged with and into the Plan. Effective as of June 30, 1994, the Exponent, Inc. Employee Pension Plan (formerly named The Failure Group, Inc. Employee Pension Plan) was merged with and into the Plan. Previously, effective as of December 30, 1994, The Failure Analysis Associates Employee Pension Plan was merged with and into the Exponent, Inc. Employee Pension Plan. In all cases, the protected benefits have been preserved, as set forth in the Appendices attached hereto, for purposes of complying with Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) Section 411(d)(6).

The Plan is intended to be a tax-qualified profit sharing plan and related tax-exempt trust under Code Sections 401(a) and 501(a), and is intended to include a tax-qualified cash or deferred arrangement under Code Section 401(k) and Roth salary deferral contributions under Code Section 402A, and is intended to provide for the possibility that a matching contribution arrangement under Code Section 401(m) may be implemented at a later date. The Plan is also intended to provide participant-directed investment accounts in compliance with ERISA Section 404(c).

 

1


ARTICLE II.

DEFINITIONS

Wherever used in this Plan, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated below, unless a different meaning is plainly required by the context or if such term is defined differently for particular groups of Participants in one or more of the Appendices. The singular shall include the plural, unless the context indicates otherwise. Headings of sections are used for convenience of reference only, and in case of conflict, the text of the Plan, rather than such headings, shall control.

2.1 Account. “Account” means a Participant’s interest in the Trust, which may consist of any or all of the following: Salary Deferral Contributions Account, Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account, Employer Mandatory Contributions Account, Employer Matching Contributions Account, Qualified Matching Contributions Account, Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account, Rollover Contributions Account, PTI Plan Account, Pension Plan Account, FaAA Plan Account, and such other Account(s) as the Administrator shall determine. Reference to Account herein shall include reference to any or all of the above-mentioned accounts, as applicable.

2.2 Adjustment Factor. “Adjustment Factor” means the cost-of-living adjustment factor prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury under Code Section 415(d), as applied to such items and in such manner as the Secretary of the Treasury shall provide from time to time.

2.3 Administrator. “Administrator” means, within the meaning of ERISA Section 3(16)(A), the Company, which also shall be a named fiduciary within the meaning of ERISA Section 402(a)(2).

2.4 Beneficiary. “Beneficiary” means the person or entity who is entitled to receive benefits payable from the Plan on account of a Participant’s death. (For purposes of complying with certain contracts that the Company has entered into with the City of San Francisco, “Beneficiary” includes, without limitation, a domestic partner of the Participant to the extent the Participant designates such individual as his or her Beneficiary, in accordance with the Administrator’s procedures.)

2.5 Board. “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

2.6 Break in Service. “Break in Service” means:

(a) A Plan Year during which an Employee does not complete more than five hundred (500) Hours of Service. Solely for purposes of determining whether a Break in Service for participation and vesting purposes has occurred in a computation period, an individual who is absent on account of maternity or paternity leave (as

 

2


described below), or on account of an authorized leave of absence (as described in Section 8.1 or 8.2), shall receive credit for the Hours of Service which would otherwise have been credited to such individual but for such absence, or in any case in which such hours cannot be determined, eight (8) Hours of Service for each day of such absence.

(b) For purposes of paragraph (a) above, “maternity or paternity leave” means a period during which an Employee is absent because of (i) the pregnancy of the Employee, (ii) the birth of a child of the Employee, (iii) the placement of a child with the Employee in connection with the Employee’s adoption of the child, or (iv) the caring for a child by the Employee immediately after the birth or placement of the child.

2.7 Code. “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time, and applicable valid Regulations issued thereunder.

2.8 Committee. “Committee” means the Exponent, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan Committee which shall assist in the day-to-day administration of the Plan pursuant to Section 7.3.

2.9 Company. “Company” means Exponent, Inc.

2.10 Compensation. “Compensation” subject to paragraphs (a) through (c) below, means all of an Employee’s base salary or wages, including Excellence Awards, overtime, vacation pay, holiday pay, severance paid in lieu of notice, and accrued vacation pay paid as a result of termination of employment. Compensation shall also include any amount which is contributed by the Employer pursuant to a salary deferral agreement and which is not includable in the gross income of the Employee under Code Section 125, 402(e)(3), 402(h) or 403(b). Compensation includes amounts that are excluded from the Employee’s taxable income by reason of Code Section 132(f)(4) relating to qualified transit benefits. Compensation shall exclude bonuses and reimbursements for moving and relocation expenses and all other forms of remuneration not specifically named herein.

(a) Compensation shall include only that compensation which is actually paid or made available to the Employee during the Plan Year.

(b) The annual Compensation of each Employee that is taken into account under the Plan for any Plan Year shall not exceed Two Hundred Thousand Dollars ($200,000), as adjusted for cost-of-living increases in accordance with Code Section 401(a)(17)(B).

(c) The determination of the amount of Compensation shall be made by the Participating Employer (or its designee) by which the Employee is employed, in accordance with the records of the Participating Employer, and shall be conclusive. Effective January 1, 2009, Compensation shall include differential wage payments within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D) that are paid to an Employee by an Employer.

 

3


2.11 Contributions. “Contributions” means Salary Deferral Contributions, Roth Salary Deferral Contributions, Employer Mandatory Contributions, Employer Matching Contributions, Qualified Matching Contributions, and Qualified Nonelective Contributions.

2.12 Disability. “Disability” means the mental or physical inability of a Participant to perform his or her normal job as evidenced by the certificate of a medical examiner satisfactory to the Committee certifying that the Participant is disabled under the standards of the Company’s long-term disability plan or upon an adjudication by the Social Security Administration that the Participant is disabled within the meaning of the Social Security Act.

2.13 Early Retirement. Except as may be specified in one or more of the Appendices, this Plan does not provide for an Early Retirement.

2.14 Earnings. “Earnings” means (a) interest, dividends, rents, royalties, net realized and unrealized gains and losses and other income, less (b) fees, commissions, insurance premiums and other expenses.

2.15 Effective Date. “Effective Date” means the original effective date of the Plan, which is March 1, 1988. The Effective Date of this Amendment and Restatement is January 1, 2010. The effective date of the Amendment and Restatement is sometimes referred to herein as the “Restatement Date.”

2.16 Eligible Employees. “Eligible Employees” means all Employees of each Participating Employer, except:

(a) individuals who are classified as hourly Employees by the Employer;

(b) individuals who are classified as Temporary Employees by the Employer. “Temporary Employees” means individuals who are employed for short-term assignments, other than Employees who are credited with one thousand (1,000) Hours of Service in the twelve (12) consecutive month period measured from the date the Employee completes his or her first Hour of Service or any Plan Year which begins after the date the Employee completes his or her first Hour of Service;

(c) Leased Employees;

(d) Employees who are non-resident aliens (within the meaning of Code Section 770l(b)(l)(B)) and who receive no earned income (within the meaning of Code Section 911(d)(2)) from the Employer which constitutes income from sources within the United States (within the meaning of Code Section 861(a)(3));

 

4


(e) Employees who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement between a union and the Employer or any employers’ association under which retirement benefits were the subject of good faith bargaining, unless the agreement specifically provides for coverage of such Employees under the Plan;

(f) individuals who are classified as Consultants by the Employer, whether or not such classification is upheld upon governmental or judicial review. “Consultants” means individuals (who may also be referred to as independent contractors) who have specialized knowledge or special skills and are retained to provide advice or assistance to the Employer and who are not Employees of the Employer;

(g) individuals who are classified as Agency Workers by the Employer, whether or not such classification is upheld upon governmental or judicial review. “Agency Workers” means individuals who are employed pursuant to a written agreement with an agency or other third party for a specific job assignment or project;

(h) individuals who are classified as Interns by the Employer. “Interns” means individuals enrolled in a college and/or university, employed by the Employer and designated as Interns by the Employer. An Employee who meets the foregoing criteria shall be classified as an Intern even if he or she does not receive academic course credit from his or her college or university based upon the Intern’s term of employment;

(i) individuals who are Reclassified Employees. “Reclassified Employees” means Employees who were not initially classified by the Employer as Employees, but who were subsequently reclassified as Employees by a federal, state or local group, organization or agency, or a court;

(j) individuals who are parties to an agreement that provides that they shall not be eligible to participate in the Plan, whether or not such agreement is upheld upon governmental or judicial review; or

(k) individuals who are not on the United States payroll of the Employer.

2.17 Employee. “Employee” means any person who is employed by, and designated as an employee, by the Employer, or who is a Leased Employee. If, however, Leased Employees constitute less than twenty percent (20%) of the non-highly compensated workforce (within the meaning of Code Section 414(n)(5)(C)(ii)), then the term “Employee” shall not include those Leased Employees who are covered by a money purchase pension plan providing:

 

5


(a) a non-integrated employer contribution rate of at least ten percent (10%) of compensation, as defined in Code Section 415(c)(3), but including amounts contributed pursuant to a salary reduction agreement which are excludable from the individual’s gross income under Code Section 125, 402(e)(3), 402(h), 403(b), or 408(p);

(b) immediate participation; and

(c) full and immediate vesting.

Effective January 1, 2009, to the extent required by Code Section 414(u)(12), the term “Employee” shall include an individual receiving differential wage payments (within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D)) from an Employer.

2.18 Employer. “Employer” means: (a) the Company; (b) any other corporation which is a member of a controlled group of corporations (as defined under Code Section 414(b)) which includes the Company; (c) any trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which is under common control (as defined under Code Section 414(c)) with the Company; (d) any organization (whether or not incorporated) which is a member of an affiliated service group (as defined under Code Section 414(m)) which includes the Company; and (e) any other organization or entity which is required to be aggregated with the Company pursuant to Code Section 414(o). For purposes of the calculation of Annual Additions as set forth in Section 5.4, the determination of whether any entity is an Employer shall be made in accordance with Code Section 415(h).

2.19 Employer Mandatory Contributions. “Employer Mandatory Contributions” means Employer Contributions made by a Participating Employer under this Plan in accordance with Section 4.4.

2.20 Employer Matching Contributions. “Employer Matching Contributions” means Employer Contributions made by a Participating Employer under this Plan on account of Salary Deferral Contributions in accordance with Section 4.3.

2.21 Employment Commencement Date. “Employment Commencement Date” means the date on which an Employee first performs an Hour of Service for the Employer, within the meaning of Department of Labor Regulation Section 2530.200b-2(a).

2.22 Entry Date. “Entry Date” means the first day of any Plan Year and each business day of the Company during the Plan Year.

2.23 ERISA. “ERISA” means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time, and applicable valid Regulations issued thereunder.

 

6


2.24 Highly Compensated Employee.

(a) “Highly Compensated Employee” means, for any Plan Year, an Employee in active service who meets any of the following criteria:

(i) is, at any time during the current Plan Year or the immediately preceding Plan Year, a five percent (5%) owner (as determined under Code Section 416(i)(1)) of an Employer; or

(ii) received aggregate Section 415 Compensation for the immediately preceding Plan Year in excess of Eighty Thousand Dollars ($80,000), as adjusted by the Adjustment Factor, and is a member of the Top-Paid Group for that immediately preceding Plan Year.

(b) For purposes of this Section, the following provisions shall apply:

(i) A former Employee shall be treated as a Highly Compensated Employee if:

(A) such Employee was a Highly Compensated Employee when such Employee separated from service; or

(B) such Employee was a Highly Compensated Employee at any time after attaining age fifty-five (55).

(ii) The term “Top-Paid Group” means the top twenty percent (20%) of all Employees (including any Leased Employees treated as Employees) when ranked on the basis of the Section 415 Compensation paid to such Employees for the Plan Year under consideration. However, for purposes of calculating the number of Employees in the Top-Paid Group, the following Employees shall be excluded:

(A) Employees who have completed less than six (6) months of service;

(B) Employees who normally work less than seventeen and one-half (17 1/2) hours per week;

(C) Employees who normally work six (6) months or less during the Plan Year under consideration;

(D) Employees who have not attained age twenty-one (21) as of the last day of the Plan Year under consideration; and

(E) Employees who are non-resident aliens (within the meaning of Code Section 7701(b)(1)(B)) and who receive no earned income (within the meaning of Code Section 911(d)(2)) from the Employer which constitutes income from sources within the United States (within the meaning of Code Section 861(a)(3)).

 

7


(c) For purposes of this Section, the Section 415 Compensation of each Employee shall be determined on an aggregate basis as if all Employers were a single employer entity paying such Section 415 Compensation. All other determinations under this Section shall be made in accordance with Code Section 414(q).

2.25 Hour of Service. “Hour of Service” means:

(a) Each hour for which an Employee is directly or indirectly paid or entitled to payment of wages by an Employer for the performance of duties and for reasons other than the performance of duties; provided, however, that:

(i) no more than five hundred and one (501) Hours of Service shall be credited on account of any single continuous period during which no duties are performed; and

(ii) no Hours of Service shall be credited if payment was made or due:

(A) under a plan maintained solely for the purpose of complying with applicable workers’ compensation, unemployment compensation or disability insurance laws; or

(B) solely as reimbursement for medical or medically-related expenses incurred by the Employee.

(b) An Employee on a leave of absence (pursuant to Section 8.1 or 8.2) shall be credited with Hours of Service equal to the number of regularly-scheduled working hours included in the period of such leave (subject to paragraph (a)(i)).

(c) “Hours of Service” shall, for an Employee, include each hour for which back pay, irrespective of mitigation of damages, has been either awarded or agreed to by the Employer (such Hours of Service shall be credited for the periods to which the award or agreement pertains rather than the periods in which the award, agreement, or payment is made); provided, however, Hours of Service shall not be credited under this paragraph to the extent such credit would duplicate any hours credited above.

(d) Hours of Service shall be credited for employment with any Employer, and shall be calculated in accordance with Department of Labor Regulation Sections 2530.200b-2(b) and (c).

 

8


2.26 Leased Employee. “Leased Employee” means any individual who, pursuant to an agreement between the Employer and any other individual, has performed services for the Employer (or for the Employer and related individuals determined in accordance with Code Section 414(n)(6)) (“Recipient Employer”) on a substantially full-time basis for a period of at least one (1) year, and such services are performed under the primary direction of or control by the Recipient Employer.

2.27 Non-Highly Compensated Employee. “Non-Highly Compensated Employee” means an Employee who is not a Highly Compensated Employee.

2.28 Normal Retirement. “Normal Retirement” means the date on which a Participant attains age fifty-nine and one-half (59 1/2).

2.29 Participant. “Participant” means a current or former Eligible Employee or other individual for whom an Account is [or could be] maintained under the Plan.

2.30 Participating Employer. “Participating Employer” means the Company and any other Employer that adopts the Plan for the benefit of its Eligible Employees pursuant to Section 12.1.

2.31 Plan. “Plan” means the Exponent, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan, as set forth herein and in amendments from time to time made hereto.

2.32 Plan Year. “Plan Year” means, effective January 1, 2002, the calendar year; that is, the twelve (12) consecutive-month period beginning with January 1 and ending each year on December 31. The Plan Year commencing December 29, 2001 shall be a short Plan Year that commences December 29, 2001 and ends on December 31, 2001.

2.33 Qualified Matching Contributions. “Qualified Matching Contributions” means discretionary Participating Employer Contributions under this Plan (in accordance with Section 4.3) or any other tax-qualified plan of the Employer, which may be treated as Salary Deferral Contributions for purposes of the ADP test.

2.34 Qualified Nonelective Contributions. “Qualified Nonelective Contributions” means discretionary Participating Employer Contributions under this Plan (in accordance with Section 4.4) or any other tax-qualified plan of the Employer, which may be treated as Salary Deferral Contributions for purposes of the ADP test, or as Employer Matching Contributions for purposes of the ACP test,.

2.35 Reemployment Commencement Date. “Reemployment Commencement Date” means the first date, following a Severance Date, on which an Employee again performs one (1) Hour of Service for the Employer.

2.36 Regulations. “Regulations” means the Income Tax Regulations as prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury from time to time under the Code, and, where the context requires, regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Labor from time to time under ERISA.

 

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2.37 Rollover Contributions. “Rollover Contributions” means contributions under this Plan in accordance with Section 4.7.

2.38 Salary Deferral Contributions. “Salary Deferral Contributions” means Participating Employer Contributions under this Plan, made in accordance with Sections 4.1 and 4.2.

2.39 Section 415 Compensation. “Section 415 Compensation” means, except as set forth below, wages, salaries, and fees for professional services and other amounts received (without regard to whether or not an amount is paid in cash) for personal services actually rendered in the course of employment with the Employer maintaining the Plan to the extent that the amounts are includable in gross income (including, but not limited to, commissions paid to salespersons, compensation for services on the basis of a percentage of profits, commissions on insurance premiums, tips, reimbursements, bonuses, fringe benefits, and reimbursements or other expense allowances under a nonaccountable plan (as described in Regulation Section 1.62-2(c)). Section 415 Compensation includes any elective deferrals (as defined in Code Section 402(g)(3)), and any amount contributed or deferred by the Employer at the election of the Employee and not includable in the gross income of the Employee by reason of Code Section 125, 132(f)(4) or 457. The term “Section 415 Compensation” as defined in the preceding sentence shall include any payments made to a Participant by the later of (a) two and one-half months after the date of the Participant’s Severance Date, or (b) the end of the limitation year that includes the date of the Participant’s Severance Date, provided that, absent a Severance of employment, such payments (i) would have been paid to the Participant if the Participant had continued in employment with the Employer, and (ii) are regular compensation for services performed during the Participant’s regular working hours, compensation for services outside the Participant’s regular working hours (such as overtime or shift differential pay), commissions, bonuses or other similar compensation. Effective January 1, 2009, Section 415 Compensation shall include differential wage payments within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D) that are paid to an Employee by an Employer.

Section 415 Compensation shall not include the following:

(a) Employer contributions to a plan of deferred compensation that are not includable in the Employee’s gross income for the taxable year in which contributed, or Employer contributions under a simplified employee pension plan to the extent such contributions are deductible by the Employee, or any distributions from a plan of deferred compensation;

 

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(b) amounts realized from the exercise of a non-qualified stock option, or when restricted stock (or property) held by the Employee either becomes freely transferable or is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture;

(c) amounts realized from the sale, exchange or other disposition of stock acquired under a qualified stock option; and

(d) other amounts which received special tax benefits, or contributions made by the Employer (whether or not under a salary reduction agreement) towards the purchase of an annuity contract described in Code Section 403(b) (whether or not the contributions are actually excludable from the gross income of the Employee).

2.40 Severance Date. “Severance Date” means the first to occur of (a) the date that an Employee terminates employment with the Employer because he or she quits, is discharged, dies or retires, or (b) for purposes of distributions, the date that an Employee is determined to have a Disability.

2.41 Spouse or Surviving Spouse. “Spouse” or “Surviving Spouse” means, except as may be specified in one or more of the Appendices, the spouse or surviving spouse of a Participant; provided, however, that a former spouse shall be treated as the spouse or surviving spouse to the extent provided under a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, as described in Section 7.7.

2.42 Trust. “Trust” means the assets held in the trust maintained under Article IX.

2.43 Trust Agreement. “Trust Agreement” means the separate agreement entered into by and between the Company and the Trustee pursuant to which the Trust is held, administered and distributed.

2.44 Trustee. “Trustee” means the person(s) or entity named in the Trust Agreement, or any successor or successors thereto, and designated by the Company to act as trustee of the Trust, in accordance with Article IX.

2.45 Valuation Date. “Valuation Date” means the last day of each Plan Year and such other date(s) as the Administrator may designate from time to time.

2.46 Year of Service. “Year of Service” means a Plan Year during which an Employee is credited with at least one thousand (1,000) Hours of Service.

(a) For purposes of determining Years of Service and Breaks in Service for purposes of eligibility and vesting, the initial computation period is the twelve (12) consecutive-month period beginning on the Employee’s Employment Commencement Date.

 

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(b) Succeeding twelve (12) consecutive-month periods commence with the first Plan Year which commences prior to the first anniversary of the Employee’s Employment Commencement Date regardless of whether the Employee is entitled to be credited with one thousand (1,000) Hours of Service during the initial computation period. An Employee who is credited with one thousand (1,000) Hours of Service in both the initial computation period and the first Plan Year which commences prior to the first anniversary of the Employee’s initial computation period shall be credited with two (2) Years of Service for purposes of eligibility to participate and vesting.

2.47 Other Definitions. In addition to the definitions contained in this Section, the following terms are defined in the specified Section below:

 

Section

  

Term

5.5(a)(i)

   Actual Deferral Percentage (“ADP”)

5.7(a)(i)

   Actual Contribution Percentage (“ACP”)

7.7(a)(i)

   Alternate Payee

5.4(b)

   Annual Additions

A.1(a)

   Annuity Contract

A.1(b)

   Annuity Starting Date

4.1(b), 5.6(a)(i)

   Catch-up Contributions

5.7(a)(ii)

   Contribution Percentage

5.7(a)(iii)

   Contribution Percentage Amount

6.12(a)(i)

   Designated Beneficiary

14.2(a)

   Determination Date

14.2(b)

   Determination Period

6.10(a)(i)

   Direct Rollover

6.10(a)(ii)

   Distributee

6.12(a)(ii)

   Distribution Calendar Year

7.7(a)(ii)

   Domestic Relations Order or Order

5.6(a)(ii)

   Elective Deferrals

5.7(a)(iv)

   Eligible Participant

6.10(a)(iii)

   Eligible Retirement Plan

6.10(a)(iv)

   Eligible Rollover Distribution

5.8(a)

   Excess Aggregate Contributions

5.5(a)(ii)

   Excess Contributions

5.6(a)(iii)

   Excess Elective Deferrals

5.1(j)

   FaAA Plan Account

6.12(a)(iii)

   Five Percent Owner

6.17

   Hardship

7.3(b)

   Investment Manager

C.6(i)

   Joint and Last Survivor Life Expectancy

14.2(c)

   Key Employee

6.12(a)(v)

   Life Expectancy

 

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5.4(a)    Limitation Year
7.6(b)    Member A, Member B, Member C, Member D, and Members
5.7(a)(v)    Matching Contribution
2.6(b)    Maternity and Paternity Leave
5.4(c)    Maximum Annual Addition
14.2(d)    Non-Key Employee
5.1(h)    PTI Plan Account
6.12(a)(v)    Participant’s Benefit
5.1(i)    Pension Plan Account
14.2(e)    Permissive Aggregation Group
11.3(b), C.6, D.5    Protected Benefits
7.7(a)(iii)    Qualified Domestic Relations Order
A.1(c)    Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity
A.1(d)    Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity
2.26    Recipient Employer
14.2(f)    Required Aggregation Group
6.12(a)(vi)    Required Beginning Date
7.7(d)(i)    Segregated Amounts
6.15(a)    Spousal Consent
A.1(g)    Straight Life Annuity
14.2(g)    Top-Heavy Plan
14.2(h)    Top-Heavy Ratio
2.24(b)(ii)    Top-Paid Group
6.12(a)(v)    Valuation Calendar Year
14.2(i)    Valuation Date

 

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ARTICLE III.

ELIGIBILITY

3.1 Participation. Each individual who was a Participant in the Plan on the day before the Restatement Date and is an Eligible Employee on the Restatement Date, shall automatically continue as a Participant on the Restatement Date. Each other Eligible Employee shall become a Participant in the Plan on the Entry Date coinciding with or next following his or her Employment Commencement Date, or if later, the date that he or she attains age twenty-one (21).

3.2 Reemployment. If either a Participant, or an Eligible Employee who has satisfied the age requirement of Section 3.1 terminates employment with a Participating Employer and is thereafter reemployed by the Employer as an Eligible Employee, then such Employee shall become a Participant in the Plan as of the later of his or her Reemployment Commencement Date or the Entry Date on which he or she could have first become a Participant in the Plan.

3.3 Change in Employment Status. If a Participant ceases to be an Eligible Employee, then such Employee shall be reinstated as a Participant upon again becoming an Eligible Employee. If, however, an Employee who is not, and has never been, an Eligible Employee becomes an Eligible Employee, then such Employee shall become a Participant in the Plan upon the Entry Date coincident with or next following the later of the date on which he or she (a) becomes an Eligible Employee, or (b) satisfies the age requirement set forth in Section 3.1.

3.4 Enrollment of Participant. Each Eligible Employee shall comply with such enrollment procedures as the Administrator may prescribe from time to time and shall make available to the Administrator and the Trustee any information they may request. By virtue of his or her participation in the Plan, an Eligible Employee agrees, on his or her behalf and on behalf of all individuals who may make any claim arising out of, relating to, or resulting from that Eligible Employee’s participation in the Plan, to be bound by all provisions of the Plan, the Trust Agreement and other related agreements.

3.5 Erroneous Participation.

(a) If Salary Deferral Contributions are erroneously made on behalf of an individual who is not eligible to participate in the Plan, then such Salary Deferral Contributions plus Earnings thereon shall be distributed to that individual as soon as administratively feasible after discovery of such error.

(b) If a Rollover Contribution is erroneously made by an individual who is not eligible to make a Rollover Contribution, then such Rollover Contribution plus Earnings thereon shall be distributed to that individual as soon as administratively feasible after discovery of such error.

 

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(c) If any Contributions (other than Salary Deferral Contributions, as set forth in paragraph (a)) are erroneously made on behalf of an individual who is not entitled to such Contributions, then such erroneously made Contributions shall be forfeited and: first, returned to the Participating Employer in accordance with Section 15.8, to the extent such Contribution constitutes a mistake of fact; second, used to pay administrative expenses of the Plan for the Plan Year in which the error is discovered; third, to offset the Employer’s obligation to make Employer Mandatory Contributions for the Plan Year in which the error occurs; and fourth, to allocate as Employer Matching Contributions for the Plan Year in which the error occurs.

 

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ARTICLE IV.

CONTRIBUTIONS

4.1 Salary Deferral Contributions.

(a) Subject to the limitations of Sections 5.4 and 5.5, an Eligible Employee who has satisfied the age requirement in Section 3.1 may elect, in accordance with the procedures established from time to time by the Administrator, to have a portion of his or her Compensation contributed to his or her Salary Deferral Contributions Account. The Participant’s election shall specify the amount of his or her Compensation to be contributed, which amount shall not be less than one percent (1%) and not more than sixty percent (60%) of the Participant’s Compensation for payroll period; provided, however, in no event shall the dollar amount contributed on behalf of such Participant for any calendar year exceed the limit prescribed under Code Section 402(g) (Sixteen Thousand Five Hundred Dollars ($16,500) in 2010). A Participant may elect to increase, decrease or discontinue Salary Deferral Contributions in such manner and at such time as the Administrator shall specify from time to time.

(b) A Participant who is eligible to make Salary Deferral Contributions under this Plan and who has attained age 50 before the close of the Plan Year shall be eligible to make Catch-up Contributions to his or her Salary Deferral Contributions Account in accordance with, and subject to the limitations of, Code Section 414(v) and any uniform and non-discriminatory procedures established by the Committee. Such Catch-up Contributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of the provisions of the Plan implementing the required limitations of Code Sections 402(g) and 415. The Plan shall not be treated as failing to satisfy the provisions of the Plan implementing the requirements of Code Section 401(k)(3), 401(k)(1l), 401(k)(12), 410(b), or 416, as applicable, by reason of the making of such Catch-up Contributions.

(c) For purposes of the Plan, and with respect to Salary Deferral Contributions made on behalf of any Participant, such Salary Deferral Contributions shall be allocated to the Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account as of a given date within the Plan Year and shall relate to Compensation that would have been received by the Participant in the Plan Year but for the Participant’s election to defer such Compensation.

4.2 Roth Salary Deferral Contributions.

(a) Subject to the limitations of Sections 5.4 and 5.5, an Eligible Employee who has satisfied the age requirement in Section 3.1 may elect, in accordance with the procedures established from time to time by the Administrator, to have a portion of his or her Compensation contributed as a Roth Salary Deferral Contribution to his or her Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account. Roth Salary Deferral Contributions

 

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shall be designated irrevocably by the Eligible Employee at the time of the cash or deferred election as a Roth elective deferral that is being made in lieu of all or a portion of the Salary Deferral Contributions described in Section 4.1 the Eligible Employee is otherwise eligible to make under the Plan. Roth Salary Deferral Contributions shall be treated by the Employer as includible in the Participant’s income at the time the Participant would have received that amount in cash if the Eligible Employee had not made a cash or deferred election.

(b) Except as otherwise provided herein, Roth Salary Deferral Contributions shall be treated as Salary Deferral Contributions for all purposes under the Plan.

4.3 Employer Matching Contributions and Qualified Matching Contributions.

(a) The Company may elect, subject to the provisions of paragraphs (b) and (c), that Participating Employers shall make Employer Matching Contributions to the Trust for any Plan Year. All Employer Matching Contributions shall be made in such amount, manner, form, and at such time, as prescribed by the Company from time to time. All such Employer Matching Contributions shall be allocated to the Employer Matching Contributions Accounts of all Participants who are actively employed by the Employer on the last day of the Plan Year or who are not actively employed on the last day of the Plan Year solely due to the Normal Retirement, Early Retirement, Disability or death of such Participant during the applicable Plan Year.

(b) The Employer may further elect to make an additional Matching Contribution, to be allocated as of the last day of the Plan Year to Participants as an end of the year adjustment to take into account any changes in Compensation or Participant salary deferral elections which may have occurred during the Plan Year. The amount of this additional Employer Matching Contribution shall be equal to the difference, if any, between (i) the Employer Matching Contributions allocated to the Participant pursuant to paragraph (a), and (ii) an Employer Matching Contribution determined pursuant to any applicable formula which the Company may elect, but based on a Participant’s Compensation and Salary Deferral Contributions for the Plan Year. This additional Employer Matching Contribution, if any, shall be allocated to the Employer Matching Contributions Account of all the Participants specified by the Company from time to time of all Participants actively employed by the Employer on the last day of the Plan Year, or not actively employed by the Employer on the last day of the Plan Year due to such Participant’s attainment of Normal Retirement age, Disability or death during the applicable Plan Year.

(c) Employer Matching Contributions which would otherwise be made on behalf of a Participant may be reduced to the extent necessary to comply with the limitations of Sections 4.5, 5.4, 5.5 and 5.7, and the Employer shall have no obligation to contribute such amounts to the Trust.

 

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(d) The Administrator may elect to treat all or a portion of Employer Matching Contributions for a Plan Year as Qualified Matching Contributions for purposes of the ADP Test. Such contributions, to the extent necessary, shall satisfy the requirements of Treasury Regulation Section 1.402(m)-2(a)(5).

(e) For all purposes under the Plan, Employer Matching Contributions or Qualified Matching Contributions shall be subject to the distribution limitations of Article VI. Amounts allocated to a Participant’s Qualified Matching Contributions Account shall not be eligible for hardship distribution under Section 6.17.

4.4 Employer Mandatory Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions.

(a) The Participating Employers will make Employer Mandatory Contributions to Participants employed by any Participating Employer designated by the Company. The Employer Mandatory Contributions shall be seven percent (7%) of each eligible Participant’s Compensation, subject to Section 5.4, for that Plan Year.

(b) For Plan Years beginning prior to December 29, 2001, the Employer Mandatory Contributions for each Plan Year shall be allocated among the Employer Mandatory Contributions Accounts of all eligible Participants who are credited with one (1) Year of Service during the last two (2) Plan Years. For purposes of determining whether an allocation of an Employer Mandatory Contribution shall be made for the Plan Years commencing December 25, 1999 and December 30, 2000, Participants who were employed by Lockwood-Singh & Assoc. (“Lockwood”) immediately prior to the Company’s acquisition of Lockwood and became Employees on September 30, 2000 shall be credited under the Plan with all hours of service and years of service such Participants earned from December 26, 1998 to September 29, 2000 while employed by Lockwood. For purposes of the foregoing, the terms “hours of service” and “years of service” shall be as defined in Sections 2.25 and 2.46, respectively, except that Lockwood shall be considered the Employer. For Plan Years beginning on and after December 30, 2001, the Employer Mandatory Contributions for each Plan Year shall be allocated among the Employer Mandatory Contributions Accounts of all eligible Participants who are credited with one (1) Year of Service. For purposes of determining whether an allocation of an Employer Mandatory Contribution shall be made for the Plan Year commencing January 1, 2002, Participants who were employed by Novigen immediately prior to the Company’s acquisition of Novigen and became Employees on May 20, 2002 shall be credited under the Plan with all hours of service such Participants earned from January 1, 2002 to May 19, 2002 while employed by Novigen. For purposes of the foregoing, the term “hours of service” shall be as defined in Section 2.25, except that Novigen shall be considered the Employer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Employee who incurs a Disability during the Plan Year or whose employment with the Employer terminates as a result of death or Normal Retirement shall, for purposes of this Section, be deemed to have completed one (1) Year of Service during that Plan Year.

 

18


(c) The Company may elect to treat all or a portion of Employer Mandatory Contributions for a Plan Year as Qualified Nonelective Contributions for purposes of the ADP test and/or the ACP test.

(d) The Employer may, with respect to a Plan Year, allocate Qualified Nonelective Contributions to such Participants and in such a manner as it deems necessary or appropriate to satisfy the requirements of the Plan. Such contributions, to the extent necessary, shall satisfy the requirements of Treasury Regulations Section 1.401(k)-2(a)(6) and 1.401(m)-2(a)(6).

(e) For all purposes of the Plan, Employer Mandatory Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions shall be subject to the distribution limitations of Article VI. Amounts allocated to a Participant’s Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account shall not be eligible for hardship distribution under Section 6.17.

4.5 Limitations on Contributions. Contributions for any Plan Year shall not exceed the maximum amount allowable as a deduction to the Employer under the provisions of Code Section 404. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, to the extent necessary to provide Top Heavy minimum allocations, the Employer shall make Contributions, even if such Contributions exceed the amount deductible to the Employer under the provisions of Code Section 404.

4.6 Time and Manner of Payment of Contributions. Contributions shall be paid to the Trustee in such manner and at such time as determined by the Administrator, subject to the timing requirements of applicable law.

4.7 Receipt of Assets from Another Plan.

(a) If directed by the Administrator, the Trustee shall accept a transfer of assets for the benefit of an Eligible Employee or group of Eligible Employees. Such assets shall be (i) received directly from the trustee of a tax-qualified plan under Code Section 401(a) and related tax-exempt trust under Code Section 501(a); (ii) received from the Eligible Employee in accordance with Code Section 402(c) or 501(a); (iii) received from the Eligible Employee in accordance with Code Section 402(c) or 408(d)(3); or (iv) transferred in the form of a Direct Rollover from another tax-qualified plan. The Plan will accept a Direct Rollover from (A) a qualified plan described in Code Section 401(a) or 403(a) (excluding after-tax employee contributions); (B) an annuity contract described in Code Section 403(b) (excluding after-tax employee contributions); or (C) an eligible plan under Code Section 457(b) which is maintained by a state, political subdivision of a state, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or political subdivision

 

19


of a state. The Plan will not accept a Rollover Contribution of the portion of a distribution from an individual retirement account or annuity described in Code Section 408(a) or 408(b) that is eligible to be rolled over and would otherwise be includible in gross income. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Plan will accept a Rollover Contribution to a Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account only if it is a direct rollover from another Roth elective deferral account under an applicable retirement plan described in Code Section 402A(e)(1) and only to the extent the rollover is permitted under the rules of Code Section 402(c).

(b) Amounts attributable to elective contributions (as defined in Regulation Section 1.401(k)-6), including amounts treated as elective contributions which are transferred in a plan-to-plan transfer, shall be subject to the distribution limitations provided in Regulation Section 1.401(k)-1(d).

 

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ARTICLE V.

ACCOUNTS

5.1 Participant’s Accounts. The following separate Accounts, if applicable, shall be maintained for each Participant:

(a) Salary Deferral Contributions. A Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts attributable to Salary Deferral Contributions (excluding any Roth Salary Deferral Contributions) pursuant to Section 4.1.

(b) Roth Salary Deferral Contributions. A Participant’s Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts attributable to Roth Salary Deferral Contributions pursuant to Section 4.2 and amounts rolled over to the Plan from another Roth elective deferral account under an applicable retirement plan described in Code Section 402A(e)(1).

(c) Employer Mandatory Contributions. A Participant’s Employer Mandatory Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts attributable to Employer Mandatory Contributions pursuant to Section 4.4.

(d) Employer Matching Contributions. A Participant’s Employer Matching Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts attributable to Employer Matching Contributions pursuant to Section 4.3.

(e) Qualified Matching Contributions. A Participant’s Qualified Matching Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts attributable to Qualified Matching Contributions pursuant to Section 4.3.

(f) Qualified Nonelective Contributions. A Participant’s Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts attributable to Qualified Nonelective Contributions pursuant to Section 4.4.

(g) Rollover Contributions. A Participant’s Rollover Contributions Account shall be credited with all amounts transferred to the Plan pursuant to Section 4.7.

(h) PTI Plan Account. A Participant’s PTI Plan Account shall be maintained on behalf of each Participant whose account balance was transferred from the Performance Technologies, Incorporated Savings Plan to this Plan pursuant to the merger of that plan with and into this Plan.

(i) Pension Plan Account. A Participant’s Pension Plan Account shall be maintained on behalf of each Participant whose account balance was transferred from The Failure Group, Inc. Employee Pension Plan to this Plan pursuant to the merger of that plan with and into this Plan.

 

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(j) FaAA Plan Account. A Participant’s FaAA Plan Account shall be maintained on behalf of each Participant whose account balance was transferred from The Failure Analysis Associates Employee Pension Plan to this Plan pursuant to the merger of that plan with and into this Plan.

(k) Other Accounts. Such other Account(s) as the Administrator shall deem necessary or appropriate.

5.2 Allocation of Contributions. As of each Valuation Date, the Administrator shall allocate to the Accounts of each Participant the Contributions made on his or her behalf, and, if applicable, the Rollover Contributions, since the preceding Valuation Date.

5.3 Allocation of Earnings.

(a) As of each Valuation Date, the Trustee shall determine the net fair market value of all assets of the Trust, and the Trustee shall then report such value to the Administrator. The Administrator shall adjust each Account: first, to reflect any allocations made to, or any distributions or withdrawals made from, such Account since the immediately preceding Valuation Date, to the extent not previously credited or charged thereto, and second, to reflect the Earnings allocable to each Account in accordance with paragraph (b) below. If an allocation of Contributions and/or Rollover Contributions is to be made to the Accounts as of the same Valuation Date, then the adjustments required under this Section shall be made prior to such allocation.

(b) The Administrator shall maintain a separate record of all Earnings of the Trust attributable to each Participant’s Account. Each Participant’s Account shall be credited or charged with the Earnings attributable to the investments in such Account over the relevant period as of each Valuation Date.

5.4 Section 415 Limitations.

(a) Limitation on Annual Contributions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, except to the extent permitted under Code Section 414(v), the maximum Annual Addition (as defined in Subsection (b) of this Section 5.4) to a Participant’s Account for any limitation year (which shall be the calendar year) shall in no event exceed the lesser of (a) 100% of his Section 415 Compensation for such year whether or not he is a Participant for the entire year, or (b) $40,000 (as adjusted pursuant to Code Section 415(d)).

(b) Definition of Annual Addition. For the purposes of this Section 5.4, the term “Annual Addition” shall mean the sum for any calendar year of:

(i) all contributions allocated to the Participant’s Account pursuant to a defined contribution plan maintained by the Employer;

 

22


(ii) all forfeitures allocated to the Participant’s Account pursuant to a defined contribution plan maintained by the Employer; and

(iii) in the case of a Participant who, at any time during such year or any preceding year, is or was a key employee (as such term is defined in Code Section 416(i)), any amount attributable to medical benefits allocated to an account established on his behalf under Code Section 419A(d)(1).

(c) Maximum Annual Additions. For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in Subsection (a), all qualified defined contribution plans (whether or not terminated) ever maintained by the Employer shall be treated as one defined contribution plan.

(d) Correction of Excess Annual Addition. If the limitation on Annual Additions is exceeded with respect to any Participant for a Plan Year, such excess Annual Addition shall be corrected in accordance with the Employee Plans Compliance Resolutions System (EPCRS), as set forth in Revenue Procedure 2008-50 or any superseding guidance issued by the Internal Revenue Service or the Treasury Department.

5.5 Discrimination Testing of Salary Deferral Contributions.

(a) Definitions.

(i) “Actual Deferral Percentage” (“ADP”) shall mean, for a specified group of Participants (either Highly Compensated Employees or Non-Highly Compensated Employees) for a Plan Year, the average of the ratios (calculated separately for each Participant in such group) of (1) the amount of Employer contributions actually paid over to the Trust on behalf of such Participant for the Plan Year to (2) the Participant’s Section 415 Compensation for such Plan Year. Employer contributions on behalf of any Participant shall include: (1) any Elective Deferrals (other than Catch-up Contributions) made pursuant to the Participant’s deferral election (including Excess Elective Deferrals of Highly Compensated Employees), but excluding (a) Excess Elective Deferrals of Non-Highly Compensated Employees that arise solely from Elective Deferrals made under the Plan or plans of this Employer and (b) Elective Deferrals that are taken into account in the Actual Contribution Percentage test (provided the ADP test is satisfied both with and without exclusion of these Elective Deferrals); and (2) Qualified Nonelective Contributions and Qualified Matching Contributions. For purposes of computing Actual Deferral Percentages, an Employee who would be a Participant but for the failure to make Elective Deferrals shall be treated as a Participant on whose behalf no Elective Deferrals are made.

 

23


(ii) “Excess Contributions” shall mean, with respect to any Plan Year, the excess of (1) the aggregate amount of Employer contributions actually taken into account in computing the ADP of Highly Compensated Employees for such Plan Year, over (2) the maximum amount of such contributions permitted by the ADP test (determined by hypothetically reducing contributions made on behalf of Highly Compensated Employees in order of the ADPs, beginning with the highest of such percentages).

(b) ADP. The ADP for a Plan Year for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees for each Plan Year and the prior year’s ADP for Participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees for the prior Plan Year must satisfy one of the following tests:

(i) The ADP for a Plan Year for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees for the Plan Year shall not exceed the prior year’s ADP for Participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees for the prior Plan Year multiplied by 1.25; or

(ii) The ADP for a Plan Year for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees for the Plan Year shall not exceed the prior year’s ADP for Participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees for the prior Plan Year multiplied by 2.0, provided that the ADP for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees does not exceed the ADP for participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees in the prior Plan Year by more than 2 percentage points.

(c) Special Rules.

(i) A Participant is a Highly Compensated Employee for a particular Plan Year if he or she meets the definition of a Highly Compensated Employee in effect for that Plan Year. Similarly, a Participant is a Non-Highly Compensated Employee for a particular Plan Year if he or she does not meet the definition of a Highly Compensated Employee in effect for that Plan Year.

(ii) The ADP for any Participant who is a Highly Compensated Employee for the Plan Year and who is eligible to have Elective Deferrals (and Qualified Nonelective Contributions or Qualified Matching Contributions, or both, if treated as Elective Deferrals for purposes of the ADP test) allocated to his or her Account under two or more arrangements described in Code Section 401(k), that are maintained by the Employer, shall be determined as if such Elective Deferrals (and, if applicable, such Qualified Nonelective Contributions or Qualified Matching Contributions, or both) were made under a single arrangement. If a Highly Compensated Employee participates in two or more arrangements described in Code Section 401(k) that are maintained by the Employer and that have different plan years, all Elective Deferrals made during the Plan Year under all such arrangements shall be aggregated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, certain plans shall be treated as separate if mandatorily disaggregated under regulations under Code Section 401(k).

 

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(iii) In the event that this Plan satisfies the requirements of Code Section 401(k), 401(a)(4), or 410(b) only if aggregated with one or more other plans, or if one or more other plans satisfy the requirements of such sections of the Code only if aggregated with this Plan, then this Section shall be applied by determining the ADP of Employees as if all such plans were a single plan. If more than 10-percent of the Employer’s Non-Highly Compensated Employees are involved in a plan coverage change as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.401(k)-2(c)(4), then any adjustments to the Non-Highly Compensated Employees’ ADP for the prior year will be made in accordance with such Treasury Regulations. Plans may be aggregated in order to satisfy Code Section 401(k) only if they have the same Plan Year and use the same ADP testing method.

(iv) For purposes of determining the ADP test, Elective Deferrals, Qualified Nonelective Contributions and Qualified Matching Contributions must be made before the end of the 12-month period immediately following the Plan Year to which the contributions relate.

(d) Distribution of Excess Contributions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, Excess Contributions, plus any income allocable thereto as provided in Section 5.5(e), shall be distributed no later than 12 months after the end of the Plan Year to Participants to whose Accounts such Excess Contributions were allocated for such Plan Year, except to the extent such Excess Contributions are classified as Catch-up Contributions. Excess Contributions are allocated to the Highly Compensated Employees with the largest amounts of Employer contributions taken into account in calculating the ADP test for the year in which the excess arose, beginning with the Highly Compensated Employee with the largest amount of such Employer contributions and continuing in descending order until all the Excess Contributions have been allocated. To the extent a Highly Compensated Employee has not reached his or her Catch-up Contribution limit under the Plan, Excess Contributions allocated to such Highly Compensated Employee are Catch-up Contributions and will not be treated as Excess Contributions. If such excess amounts (other than Catch-up Contributions) are distributed more than 2 1/2 months after the last day of the Plan Year in which such excess amounts arose, a 10-percent excise tax will be imposed on the employer maintaining the Plan with respect to such amounts. Excess Contributions shall be treated as Annual Additions under the Plan even if distributed.

(e) Determination of Income or Loss. Excess Contributions shall be adjusted for any income or loss allocable thereto to the end of the Plan Year for which such Excess Contributions were made. The income or loss allocable to Excess Contributions allocated to each Participant is the income or loss allocable to the Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account (and, if applicable, the Roth Salary

 

25


Deferral Contributions Account, Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account or the Qualified Matching Contributions Account or both) for the Plan Year multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is such Participant’s Excess Contributions for the year and the denominator is the Participant’s Account balance attributable to Elective Deferrals (and Qualified Nonelective Contributions or Qualified Matching Contributions, or both, if any of such contributions are included in the ADP test) without regard to any income or loss occurring during such Plan Year.

(f) Accounting for Excess Contributions. Excess Contributions allocated to a Participant shall be distributed from the Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account, Roth Salary Deferral Account, and Qualified Matching Contributions (if applicable) in proportion to the Participant’s Elective Deferrals and Qualified Matching Contributions (to the extent used in the ADP test) for the Plan Year. Excess Contributions shall be distributed from the Participant’s Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account only to the extent that the Excess Contributions exceed the amount of Excess Contributions in the Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account and Qualified Matching Contributions Account. Excess Contributions shall be distributed from the Participant’s Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account only to the extent that the Excess Contributions exceed the amount of Excess Contributions in the Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account, Qualified Matching Contributions Account, and Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account.

5.6 Distribution of Excess Elective Deferrals.

(a) Definitions.

(i) “Catch-up Contributions” are Elective Deferrals made to the Plan that are in excess of an otherwise applicable Plan limit and that are made by Participants who are age 50 or over by the end of their taxable years. An otherwise applicable Plan limit is a limit in the Plan that applies to Elective Deferrals without regard to Catch-up Contributions, such as the limits on Annual Additions, the dollar limitation on Elective Deferrals under Code Section 402(g) (not counting Catch-up Contributions) and the limit imposed by the actual deferral percentage (ADP) test under Code Section 401(k)(3). Catch-up Contributions for a Participant for a taxable year may not exceed the dollar limit on Catch-up Contributions under Code Section 414(v)(2)(b)(i) for the taxable year. The dollar limit on Catch-up Contributions under Code Section 414(v)(2)(B)(i) is $5,500 for taxable years beginning in 2010 and will be adjusted in later years by the Secretary of the Treasury for cost-of-living increases under Code Section 414(v)(2)(C). Any such adjustments will be in multiples of $500. Catch-up Contributions are not subject to the limits on Annual Additions, are not counted in the ADP test and are not counted in determining the minimum allocation under Code Section 416 (but Catch-up Contributions made in prior years are counted in determining whether the Plan is top-heavy).

 

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(ii) “Elective Deferrals” shall mean any Employer contributions made to the Plan at the election of the Participant in lieu of cash compensation. With respect to any taxable year, a Participant’s Elective Deferrals is the sum of all Employer contributions made on behalf of such Participant pursuant to an election to defer under any qualified cash or deferred arrangement described in Code Section 401(k), any Roth contributions made on behalf of such Participant pursuant to an election to defer under Code Section 402A, any salary reduction simplified employee pension described in Code Section 408(k)(6), any SIMPLE IRA plan described in Code Section 408(p) and any plan described under Code Section 501(c)(18), and any employer contributions made on behalf of a participant for the purchase of an annuity contract under Code Section 403(b) pursuant to a salary reduction agreement. Elective Deferrals shall not include any deferrals properly distributed as excess Annual Additions.

(iii) “Excess Elective Deferrals” shall mean those Elective Deferrals of a Participant that either (1) are made during the Participant’s taxable year and exceed the dollar limitation under Code Section 402(g) (including, if applicable, the dollar limitation on Catch-up Contributions defined in Code Section 414(v)) for such year; or (2) are made during a calendar year and exceed the dollar limitation under Code Section 402(g) (including, if applicable, the dollar limitation on Catch-up Contributions defined in Code Section 414(v)) for the Participant’s taxable year beginning in such calendar year, counting only Elective Deferrals made under this Plan and any other plan, contract or arrangement maintained by the Employer.

(b) Limit on Elective Deferrals. No Participant shall be permitted to have Elective Deferrals made under this Plan, or any other plan, contract or arrangement maintained by the Employer, during any calendar year, in excess of the dollar limitation contained in Code Section 402(g) in effect for the Participant’s taxable year beginning in such calendar year. In the case of a Participant aged 50 or over by the end of the taxable year, the dollar limitation described in the preceding sentence includes the amount of Elective Deferrals that can be Catch-up Contributions. The dollar limitation contained in Code Section 402(g) is $16,500 for taxable years beginning in 2010 and will be adjusted in later years by the Secretary of the Treasury for cost-of-living increases under Code Section 402(g)(4). Any such adjustments will be in multiples of $500.

(c) Notification by Participant of Excess Elective Deferrals. A Participant may assign to this Plan any Excess Elective Deferrals made during a taxable year of the Participant by notifying the Administrator on or before March 1st of the year following the close of the Participant’s taxable year in which the Excess Elective Deferrals were made. A Participant is deemed to notify the Administrator of any Excess Elective Deferrals that arise by taking into account only those Elective Deferrals made to this Plan and any Other Plan of the Employer.

 

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(d) Reimbursement of Excess Elective Deferrals and Forfeiture of Related Matching Contributions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, Excess Elective Deferrals, plus any income and minus any loss allocable thereto to the end of the Plan Year for which such Excess Elective Deferrals were made, shall be distributed no later than April 15th to any Participant to whose account Excess Elective Deferrals were assigned for the preceding year and who claims Excess Elective Deferrals for such taxable year or calendar year. Employer Matching Contributions made on account of such Excess Elective Deferrals shall be forfeited as soon as administratively feasible thereafter and applied to reduce future Employer Contributions.

(e) Determination of Income or Loss. Excess Elective Deferrals shall be adjusted for any income or loss to the end of the Plan Year for which such Excess Elective Deferrals were made. The income or loss allocable to Excess Elective Deferrals is the income or loss allocable to the Participant’s Salary Deferral Contributions Account or Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account (as appropriate) for the taxable year multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is such Participant’s Excess Elective Deferrals for the year and the denominator is the Participant’s account balance attributable to Elective Deferrals without regard to any income or loss occurring during such taxable year.

5.7 Discrimination Testing of Employer Matching Contributions.

(a) Definitions.

(i) “Actual Contribution Percentage” (“ACP”) shall mean, for a specified group of participants (either Highly Compensated Employees or Non-Highly Compensated Employees) for a Plan Year, the average of the Contribution Percentages of the Eligible Participants in the group.

(ii) “Contribution Percentage” shall mean the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the Participant’s Contribution Percentage Amounts to the Participant’s Section 415 Compensation for the Plan Year.

(iii) “Contribution Percentage Amounts” shall mean the sum of the Salary Deferral Contributions, Matching Contributions, and Qualified Matching Contributions (to the extent not taken into account for purposes of the ADP test) made under the Plan on behalf of the participant for the Plan Year. Such Contribution Percentage Amounts shall not include Matching Contributions that are forfeited either to correct Excess Aggregate Contributions or because the contributions to which they relate are Excess Deferrals, Excess Contributions, or Excess Aggregate Contributions. The Employer may include Qualified Nonelective Contributions in the Contribution Percentage Amounts. The Employer also may elect to use Elective Deferrals in the Contribution Percentage Amounts so long as the ADP test is met before the Elective Deferrals are used in the ACP test and continues to be met following the exclusion of those Elective Deferrals that are used to meet the ACP test.

 

28


(iv) “Eligible Participant” shall mean any Employee who is eligible to make an Elective Deferral (if the Employer takes such contributions into account in the calculation of the Contribution Percentage) , or to receive an Employer Matching Contribution (including forfeitures) or a Qualified Matching Contribution.

(v) “Matching Contribution” shall mean an Employer contribution made to this or any other defined contribution plan on behalf of a Participant on account of a participant’s Elective Deferral, under a plan maintained by the Employer.

(b) Prior Year Testing. The Actual Contribution Percentage (“ACP”) for a Plan Year for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees for each Plan Year and the prior year’s ACP for Participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees for the prior Plan Year must satisfy one of the following tests:

(i) The ACP for a Plan Year for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees for the Plan Year shall not exceed the prior year’s ACP for participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees for the prior Plan Year multiplied by 1.25; or

(ii) The ACP for a Plan Year for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees for the Plan Year shall not exceed the prior year’s ACP for Participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees for the prior Plan Year multiplied by 2, provided that the ACP for Participants who are Highly Compensated Employees does not exceed the ACP for Participants who were Non-Highly Compensated Employees in the prior Plan Year by more than 2 percentage points.

(c) Special Rules.

(i) A Participant is a Highly Compensated Employee for a particular Plan Year if he or she meets the definition of a Highly Compensated Employee in effect for that Plan Year. Similarly, a Participant is a Non-Highly Compensated Employee for a particular Plan Year if he or she does not meet the definition of a Highly Compensated Employee in effect for that Plan Year.

(ii) For purposes of this Section, the Contribution Percentage for any Participant who is a Highly Compensated Employee and who is eligible to have Contribution Percentage Amounts allocated to his or her account under two or more plans described in Code Section 401(a), or arrangements described in Code Section 401(k) that are maintained by the Employer, shall be determined as if the total of such Contribution Percentage Amounts was made under each plan and arrangement. If a Highly Compensated Employee participates in two or more such plans or arrangements that have different plan years, all Contribution Percentage Amounts made during the Plan Year under all such plans and arrangements shall be aggregated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, certain plans shall be treated as separate if mandatorily disaggregated under regulations under Code Section 401(m).

 

29


(iii) In the event that this Plan satisfies the requirements of Code Sections 401(m), 401(a)(4) or 410(b) only if aggregated with one or more other plans, or if one or more other plans satisfy the requirements of such sections of the Code only if aggregated with this Plan, then this Section shall be applied by determining the ACP of Employees as if all such plans were a single plan. If more than 10-percent of the Employer’s Non-Highly Compensated Employees are involved in a plan coverage change as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.401(m) - 2(c)(4), then any adjustments to the Non-Highly Compensated Employees’ ADP for the prior year will be made in accordance with such Treasury Regulations. Plans may be aggregated in order to satisfy Code Section 401(m) only if they have the same Plan Year and use the same ACP testing method.

(iv) For purposes of the ACP test, Matching Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions will be considered made for a Plan Year if made no later than the end of the 12 - month period beginning on the day after the close of the Plan Year. Employee Contributions are considered to have been made in the Plan Year in which contributed to the Trust Fund.

5.8 Corrective Procedure for Discriminatory Matching Contributions.

(a) Definition - Excess Aggregate Contributions. “Excess Aggregate Contributions” shall mean, with respect to any Plan Year, the excess of: (a) the aggregate Contribution Percentage Amounts taken into account in computing the numerator of the Contribution Percentage actually made on behalf of Highly Compensated Employees for such Plan Year, over (b) the maximum Contribution Percentage Amounts permitted by the ACP test (determined by hypothetically reducing contributions made on behalf of Highly Compensated Employees in order of their Contribution Percentages beginning with the highest of such percentages). Such determination shall be made after first determining Excess Elective Deferrals and then determining Excess Contributions.

(b) Distribution of Excess Aggregate Contributions. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, Excess Aggregate Contributions, plus any income and minus any loss allocable thereto to the end of the Plan Year for which such Excess Aggregate Contributions were made, shall be forfeited, if forfeitable, or if not forfeitable, distributed no later than 12 months after a Plan Year to Participants to whose Accounts such Excess Aggregate Contributions were allocated for such Plan Year. Excess Aggregate Contributions are allocated to the Highly Compensated Employees with the largest Contribution Percentage Amounts taken into account in calculating the ACP test for the year in which the excess arose, beginning with the Highly Compensated Employee with the largest amount of such Contribution Percentage Amounts and continuing in descending order until all the Excess Aggregate Contributions have been

 

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allocated. If such Excess Aggregate Contributions are distributed more than 2-1/2 months after the last day of the Plan Year in which such excess amounts arose, a 10-percent excise tax will be imposed on the Employer with respect to those amounts. Excess Aggregate Contributions shall be treated as annual additions under the Plan even if distributed.

(c) Determination of Income or Loss. Excess Aggregate Contributions shall be adjusted for any income or loss to the end of the Plan Year for which such Excess Aggregate Contributions were made. The income or loss allocable to Excess Aggregate Contributions allocated to each Participant is the income or loss allocable to the Participant’s Employer Matching Contributions Account, Qualified Matching Contributions Account (if any, and if all amounts therein are not used in the ADP test) and, if applicable, Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account and Elective Deferral Account for the Plan Year multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is such Participant’s Excess Aggregate Contributions for the year and the denominator is the Participant’s Account balance(s) attributable to Contribution Percentage Amounts without regard to any income or loss occurring during such Plan Year.

(d) Forfeitures of Excess Aggregate Contributions. Forfeitures of Excess Aggregate Contributions shall be applied to reduce Employer contributions.

(e) Accounting for Excess Aggregate Contributions. Excess Aggregate Contributions allocated to a Participant shall be forfeited, if forfeitable or distributed on a pro-rata basis from the Participant’s Employer Matching Contributions Account, and Qualified Matching Contribution account (and, if applicable, one or more of the Participant’s Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account, Salary Deferral Contributions Account, and Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account).

 

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ARTICLE VI.

VESTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF ACCOUNTS

6.1 Vested Interest.

(a) A Participant’s interest in his or her Salary Deferral Contributions Account, Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account, Qualified Matching Contributions Account, Qualified Nonelective Contributions Account, Rollover Contributions Account, Pension Plan Account and FaAA Plan Account shall be at all times fully vested and nonforfeitable.

(b) If a Participant, with a PTI Plan Account, was employed by the Company on December 31, 1998, then such Participant’s PTI Plan Account shall be at all times fully vested and nonforfeitable. If, however, a Participant with a PTI Plan Account terminated employment with the Company prior to December 31, 1998, then such Participant’s vested interest in his or her PTI Plan Account shall be determined according to the vesting Schedule in Appendix C.

(c) If a Participant was employed by the Company, or any other Participating Employer who is designated by the Board to participate in making Employer Mandatory Contributions, on January 1, 1999, then such Participant’s interest in his or her Employer Mandatory Contribution Account, if any, shall be at all times fully vested and nonforfeitable.

(d) A Participant’s interest in his or her Employer Matching Contributions Account and, if the Participant’s Employment Commencement Date was after January 1, 1999, then his or her Employer Mandatory Contributions Account shall be fully vested and nonforfeitable at the Participant’s Normal Retirement, death, Disability, or upon termination of the Plan. A Participant’s interest in his or her Employer Matching Contributions Account and Employer Mandatory Contributions Account (to the extent not fully vested in paragraph (c) above) which is not fully vested shall be subject to the following vesting schedule:

 

Years of Service

   Vested Percentage  

Less than 1 year

     0

1 year but less than 2 years

     20

2 years but less than 3 years

     40

3 years but less than 4 years

     60

4 years but less than 5 years

     80

5 years or more

     100

 

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(e) In the case of an Employee who does not have a nonforfeitable right to a benefit under the Plan, Years of Service before his Break in Service shall not be taken into account for purpose of the vesting Schedule only if the number of his consecutive one (1)-year Breaks in Service equals or exceeds the greater of five or the aggregate number of his Years of Service before his Break in Service; and such aggregate number of his Years of Service before his Break in Service shall not include any Years of Service not required to be taken into account under this paragraph by reason of any prior Break in Service.

(f) If the Plan is amended in any way that directly or indirectly affects the computation of the Participant’s nonforfeitable percentage, or if the Plan is deemed amended by an automatic change to a Top-Heavy vesting schedule, then each Participant who is credited with three (3) Years of Service and whose Account would have vested more rapidly prior to the amendment, may irrevocably elect during the election period to have the nonforfeitable percentage of his or her Account calculated without regard to such amendment. For purposes of this Section, the election period shall begin the date the amendment is adopted, and shall end on the date sixty (60) days after the latest of (i) the date the amendment is adopted, (ii) the date the amendment becomes effective, or (iii) the date the Participant is issued written notice of the amendment by the Participating Employer or the Administrator. For each Participant who has at least three (3) Years of Service and is not 100% vested in his Employer Matching Contributions Account and Employer Mandatory Contributions Account, if any, on January 1, 2002, Years of Service for vesting purposes shall be calculated using either (i) the Company’s fiscal year, that is, the twelve (12) consecutive-month period beginning each year on the Saturday which falls closest to the last day of December, and ending each year on the Friday which falls closest to the last day of December or (ii) the Company’s fiscal year through December 28, 2001 and commencing January 1, 2002, the calendar year thereafter, whichever results in a larger vested percentage in the Participant’s Account.

(g) For purposes of determining a Participant’s vested percentage in his Employer Matching Contributions and Employer Mandatory Contributions, Participants who were employed by Novigen immediately prior to the Company’s acquisition of Novigen and became Employees on May 20, 2002 shall be credited under the Plan with all hours of service and years of service such Participants earned while employed by Novigen. For purposes of the foregoing, the terms “hours of service” and “years of service” shall be as defined in Sections 2.25 and 2.46, respectively, except that Novigen shall be considered the Employer.

6.2 Forfeitures.

(a) If a Participant is required to take a distribution pursuant to Section 6.8 (the “cash-out rule”), then following the Participant’s Severance Date, the Participant shall receive a distribution of the value of the entire vested portion of his or her Account balance in accordance with Sections 6.8 through 6.11. The nonvested

 

33


portion of the Participant’s Account balance shall be treated as a forfeiture as of the earlier of (i) the date on which the distribution occurs, or (ii) the last day of the Plan Year in which the Participant incurs five (5) consecutive one (1)-year Breaks in Service. For purposes of this Section, if the value of a Participant’s vested Account balance is zero (0), then the Participant shall be deemed to have received a distribution of such vested Account balance as of his or her Severance Date.

(b) If a Participant has the option to elect and does elect to receive the value of his or her vested Account balance following his or her Severance Date in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.8, then the nonvested portion of the Participant’s Account balance shall be treated as a forfeiture as of the earlier of (i) the date on which the distribution occurs, or (ii) the last day of the Plan Year in which the Participant incurs five (5) consecutive one (1)-year Breaks in Service.

(c) If a Participant has the option to elect and does not elect to receive the value of his or her vested Account balance following his or her Severance Date in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.8, then the nonvested portion of the Participant’s Account balance shall be treated as a forfeiture as of the last day of the Plan Year in which the Participant incurs five (5) consecutive one (1)-year Breaks in Service.

(d) If a Participant is not fully vested in his or her Account, and that Participant receives a distribution in accordance with the requirements of Section 6.8 and then resumes employment with a Participating Employer, then that Participant’s Employer Matching Contributions Account and Employer Mandatory Contributions Account balances shall be restored to the amount on the date of distribution; provided, however, the Participant repays to the Plan the full amount of the distribution attributable to Employer Matching Contributions and Employer Mandatory Contributions before the earlier of five (5) years after the Participant’s Reemployment Commencement Date, or the date the Participant incurs five (5) consecutive one (1)-year Breaks in Service following the date of the distribution. If a Participant is deemed to receive a distribution pursuant to paragraph (a) above, and the Participant resumes employment covered under the Plan before the date the Participant incurs five (5) consecutive one (1)-year Breaks in Service, then, upon the Participant’s Reemployment Commencement Date, the Employer Matching Contributions Account and Employer Mandatory Contributions Account balances of the Participant shall be restored to the amount on the date of such deemed distribution.

(e) Any amounts forfeited pursuant to this Section, Section 5.4 or Section 5.8 shall be applied first, to restore Accounts pursuant to paragraph (d) above, second to reduce the Participating Employers’ obligations to make Employer Mandatory Contributions, third to reduce the Participating Employers’ obligation to make Employer Matching Contributions, and fourth, to pay administrative expenses under the Plan.

 

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6.3 Early Retirement. Except as may be specified in one or more of the Appendices, the Plan does not provide for any Early Retirement. If an Appendix provides for Early Retirement, then a Participant may retire as of any day on or after his or her Early Retirement. In such event, the Participant’s Account shall be distributed in accordance with the applicable Appendix.

6.4 Normal Retirement. A Participant may retire as of any day on or after his or her Normal Retirement. In such event, the Participant’s Account shall be distributed in accordance with Sections 6.8 through 6.12 or, if applicable, the Appendices.

6.5 Disability. If a Participant terminates employment with a Participating Employer due to Disability, then the Participant’s Account shall be distributed in accordance with Sections 6.8 through 6.12 or, if applicable, the Appendices.

6.6 Death Benefits. If a Participant or former Participant dies before the entire vested balance of his or her Account has been distributed, then the vested balance in his or her Account shall be paid to the Participant’s Beneficiary in accordance with Sections 6.8 through 6.12 or, if applicable, the Appendices.

6.7 Termination of Employment. Following a Participant’s Severance Date, the Participant’s Account shall be valued in accordance with the Administrator’s procedures, and distributed in accordance with Sections 6.8 through 6.12 or, if applicable, the Appendices.

6.8 Commencement of Distribution.

(a) Subject to Sections 6.9 through 6.12 below, following a Participant’s Severance Date, the Participant’s Account shall be distributed at a date designated by the Administrator, which designation (except as provided below) shall be determined in accordance with the Administrator’s procedures.

(b) Effective for distributions made prior to March 22, 1999:

(i) if the Participant’s vested Account balance does not exceed Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) at the time of distribution (or at the time any prior distribution), then the Participant shall receive a lump sum distribution of the entire vested portion of such Account balance and the nonvested portion shall be treated as a forfeiture; or

(ii) if the Participant’s vested Account balance exceeds Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) at the time of distribution (or at the time of any prior distribution), then the Participant, or if the Participant is deceased, the Participant’s Spouse must consent in writing prior to the distribution.

 

35


(c) Effective for distributions made on or after March 22, 1999:

(i) if the Participant’s vested Account balance does not exceed Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) at the time of distribution, then the Participant shall receive a lump sum distribution of the entire vested portion of such Account balance and the nonvested portion shall be treated as a forfeiture. In the event of such a mandatory lump sum distribution greater than $1,000, if the Participant does not elect to have such distribution paid directly to an “eligible retirement plan” (as defined in Section 6.10) specified by the Participant in a direct rollover or to receive the distribution directly in the manner set forth in the Plan, then the Plan Administrator will pay the distribution in a direct rollover to an individual retirement plan designated by the Plan Administrator; or

(ii) if the Participant’s vested Account balance exceeds Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) at the time of distribution, then the Participant, or if the Participant is deceased, the Participant’s Spouse, must consent in writing prior to the distribution.

(iii) Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Participant has begun to receive a distribution pursuant to an optional form of benefit under which at least one (1) scheduled periodic distribution is still payable, and if the value of the Participant’s vested Account balance exceeded Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) at the time of the first distribution under that optional form of benefit, then the remaining value of the Participant’s vested Account balance may not be distributed without the written consent of the Participant, or if the Participant is deceased, the Participant’s Spouse.

(d) If consent is required for a distribution, then the Participant, or if the Participant is deceased, the Participant’s Spouse, must consent in writing to the distribution before it may be made and within the one hundred eighty (180)-day period ending on the first day on which all of the events have occurred that entitle the Participant to such benefit (the “Annuity Starting Date”). If the Participant or, if applicable, the Participant’s Spouse, consents to the distribution, such distribution shall include all of the Participant’s vested Account balance. If the Participant or, if applicable, the Participant’s Spouse, does not consent in writing to the distribution, then the Participant’s vested Account balance shall be held in the Trust until the maximum period permitted under paragraph (e) below. If consent to a distribution is required hereunder, then at least thirty (30) days and not more than one hundred eighty (180) days prior to the Annuity Starting Date the Administrator shall provide the Participant or, if applicable, the Participant’s Spouse with a notice of the right to elect immediate distribution or the right to defer distribution until the Participant’s Normal Retirement.

(e) Unless the Participant elects otherwise by providing the Administrator with an executed written notice specifying the Participant’s benefit under the Plan and the commencement date for distribution of the Participant’s Account, then distribution to a Participant shall commence no later than sixty (60) days following the close of the Plan Year in which occurs the latest of:

(i) the date the Participant attains Normal Retirement;

 

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(ii) the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date on which the Participant first commences participation in the Plan; or

(iii) the Participant’s Severance Date.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the failure of a Participant (and/or, where applicable, the Participant’s Spouse) to consent to a distribution while a benefit is immediately distributable within the meaning of this Section, shall be deemed to be an election to defer commencement of payment of any benefit.

(f) Spousal Consent shall be required for distributions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and if the normal form of distribution specified in any of the Appendices is a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity, then only the affected Participant (and not his or her Spouse) need consent to the commencement of a distribution in the form of a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. Neither the consent of the Participant nor the Participant’s Spouse shall be required to the extent that a distribution is required to satisfy Code Section 401(a)(9) or 415. In addition, upon termination of this Plan, to the extent the Plan does not offer an annuity option (purchased from a commercial provider) and if the Employer does not maintain another defined contribution plan (other than an employee stock ownership plan as defined in Code Section 4975(e)(7)), then the Participant’s Account balance shall, without the Participant’s consent, be distributed in a single lump sum to the Participant. However, if the Employer maintains another defined contribution plan (other than an employee stock ownership plan as defined in Code Section 4975(e)(7)), then the Participant’s Account balance shall be transferred, without the Participant’s consent, to the other plan if the Participant does not consent to an immediate distribution.

(g) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan, distribution of each Participant’s Account shall begin no later than the Participant’s Required Beginning Date regardless of whether the Participant has consented to such a distribution.

(h) If a distribution is one for which Code Sections 401(a)(11) and 417 do not apply, then such distribution may commence less than thirty (30) days after the notice required under Regulation Section 1.411(a)-11(c) is given, provided that: (i) the Administrator informs the Participant that the Participant has a right to a period of at least thirty (30) days after receiving the notice to consider the decision of whether or not to elect a distribution (and, if applicable, a particular distribution option); and (ii) the Participant, after receiving the notice, affirmatively elects a distribution and waives the thirty (30)-day period by written notice.

 

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6.9 Special Distribution Rules for Salary Deferral Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions. Salary Deferral Contributions and Qualified Nonelective Contributions, including Earnings thereon, shall also, as determined by the Board, be eligible for distribution upon:

(a) the transfer by the Employer to any other employer of substantially all of the assets (within the meaning of Code Section 409(d)(2)) used by the Employer in a trade or business, but only with respect to Participants who continue employment with the other employer who acquired such assets; or

(b) the transfer by the Employer of such Employer’s interest in a subsidiary (within the meaning of Code Section 409(d)(2)) to any other employer, but only with respect to Participants who continue employment with such transferred subsidiary, and so long as the Company maintains this Plan.

6.10 Direct Rollovers and Withholding.

(a) Definitions.

(i) Direct Rollover. “Direct Rollover” means an Eligible Rollover Distribution paid directly to an Eligible Retirement Plan for the benefit of a Distributee.

(ii) Distributee. “Distributee” means a Participant, a Surviving Spouse of a deceased Participant, or a Spouse entitled to payment under a Qualified Domestic Relations Order. In addition, a Participant’s non-spouse Beneficiary is a Distributee with regard to the interest of a deceased Participant.

(iii) Eligible Retirement Plan. “Eligible Retirement Plan” means an individual retirement account described in Code Section 408(a), an individual retirement annuity described in Code Section 408(b), an annuity plan described in Code Section 403(a), or a qualified trust described in Code Section 401(a), that accepts the Distributee’s eligible rollover distribution. An “Eligible Retirement Plan” also means an annuity contract described in Code Section 403(b) and an eligible plan under Code Section 457(b) which is maintained by a state, political subdivision of a state, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or political subdivision of a state and which agrees to separately account for amounts transferred into such plan from the Plan. The definition of “Eligible Retirement Plan” also applies in the case of a distribution to a Surviving Spouse, or to a Spouse or former Spouse who is the alternate payee under a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, as defined in Section 7.7(iii) of the Plan. However, in the case of an Eligible Rollover Distribution made with respect to a non-spouse Beneficiary, an “Eligible Retirement Plan” shall mean an individual retirement account described in Code Section 408(a) or an individual retirement annuity described in Code Section 408(b) established for the purpose of receiving a distribution on behalf of the Participant’s or former Participant’s designated non-spouse Beneficiary.

 

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(iv) Eligible Rollover Distribution. “Eligible Rollover Distribution” means any distribution of all or any portion of the balance credited to the Account of a Distributee, except that an Eligible Rollover Distribution does not include: (A) any distribution that is one of a series of substantially equal periodic payments (not less frequently than annually) made for the life (or life expectancy) of the Distributee or the joint lives (or joint life expectancies) of the Distributee and the Distributee’s designated Beneficiary, or for a specified period of ten years or more; (B) any distribution to the extent such distribution is required under Code Section 401(a)(9); and (C) any hardship distribution described in Code Section 401(k)(2)(B)(i)(IV) (and the Participant may not elect to have any portion of such a hardship distribution paid directly to an Eligible Retirement Plan).

(b) General Rule. If the Distributee of any Eligible Rollover Distribution from the Plan elects to have all or a specified portion of the Eligible Rollover Distribution paid directly to an Eligible Retirement Plan, and specifies the Eligible Retirement Plan to which the Eligible Rollover Distribution is to be paid, then the Eligible Rollover Distribution shall be paid to that Eligible Retirement Plan in a Direct Rollover. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Eligible Rollover Distribution from a Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account under the Plan will only be made to: (i) another Roth elective deferral account under an applicable retirement plan described in Code Section 402A(e)(1); or (ii) a Roth IRA described in Code Section 408A, and in the case of both subparagraphs (i) and (ii), only to the extent the rollover is permitted under the rules of Code Section 402(c).

(c) Notice. Not earlier than 180 days or later than 30 days before the payment of an eligible rollover distribution (or such other time as is prescribed by Treasury regulations or rulings), the Company shall provide a written notice to the Distributee describing his or her rights under this Section and such other information required to be provided under Code Section 402(f).

6.11 Form of Benefit.

(a) Normal Form of Benefit. Unless specified in one or more of the Appendices, benefits shall be paid to the Participant or the Participant’s Beneficiary in the form of a single lump sum, unless the Participant elects otherwise.

(b) Optional Forms of Benefit. The Participant may elect substantially-equal annual installments over either (i) the life of the Participant or the joint lives of the Participant and his or her Beneficiary; or (ii) a specified period of years which shall not exceed the Life Expectancy of the Participant or the joint Life Expectancies of the Participant and his or her Beneficiary, provided, however, Life Expectancy(ies) shall not be recalculated.

 

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6.12 Minimum Distribution Requirements.

(a) Definitions.

(i) Designated Beneficiary. “Designated Beneficiary” means the individual who is designated as the Participant’s Beneficiary and is the designated beneficiary under Code Section 401(a)(9) and Regulation Section 1.401(a)(9)-1, Q&A-4.

(ii) Distribution Calendar Year. “Distribution Calendar Year” means a calendar year for which a minimum distribution is required.

(iii) Five Percent Owner. “Five Percent Owner” means a Participant who is a five percent owner as defined in Code Section 416(i) at any time during the Plan Year ending with or within the calendar year in which such owner attains age 70 1/2.

(iv) Life Expectancy. “Life Expectancy” means life expectancy as computed by use of the Single Life Table in Regulation Section 1.401(a)(9)-9.

(v) Participant’s Benefit. Participant’s Benefit means the Participant’s Account balance as of the last Valuation Date in the calendar year immediately preceding the Distribution Calendar Year (“Valuation Calendar Year”) increased by the amount of any contributions made and allocated or forfeitures allocated to the Account balance as of dates in the Valuation Calendar Year after the Valuation Date and decreased by distributions made in the Valuation Calendar Year after the Valuation Date. The Account balance for the Valuation Calendar Year includes any amounts rolled over or transferred to the Plan either in the Valuation Calendar Year or in the Distribution Calendar Year if distributed or transferred in the Valuation Calendar Year.

(vi) Required Beginning Date. “Required Beginning Date” means for Five Percent Owners, the first day of April following the calendar year in which the Participant attains age 70 1/2. Once begun, distributions to a Five Percent Owner under this Section must continue to be distributed, even if the Participant ceases to be a Five Percent Owner in a subsequent year. For Non-Five Percent Owners, “Required Beginning Date” means:

(A) Participants who are not Five Percent Owners. but who Attain Age 70 1/2 prior to January 1, 1996. The first day of April in the calendar year following the calendar year in which the Participant attains age 70 1/2.

(B) Participants who are not Five Percent Owners and who Attain Age 70 1/2, between January 1, 1996 and December 31,1998. The first day of April in the calendar year following the calendar year in which the later of attainment of age 70 1/2, or the Participant’s Severance Date occurs; provided, however, that an Employee whose Severance Date has not occurred may irrevocably elect, in writing, to defer distribution until that Employee’s Severance Date.

 

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(C) Participants who are not Five Percent Owners and who Attain Age 70 1/2, after December 31, 1998. The first day of April in the calendar year following the calendar year in which occurs the Participant’s Severance Date.

(b) Time and Manner of Distribution.

(i) Required Beginning Date. The Participant’s entire interest will be distributed, or begin to be distributed, to the Participant no later than the Participant’s Required Beginning Date.

(ii) Death of Participant Before Distributions Begin. If the Participant dies before distributions begin, the Participant’s entire interest will be distributed, or begin to be distributed, no later than as follows:

(A) If the Participant’s Surviving Spouse is the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary, then except as provided in Section 6.12(e), distributions to the Surviving Spouse will begin by December 31 of the calendar year immediately following the calendar year in which the Participant died, or by December 31 of the calendar year in which the Participant would have attained age 70 1/2, if later.

(B) If the Participant’s Surviving Spouse is not the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary, then except as provided in Section 6.12(e), distributions to the Designated Beneficiary will begin by December 31 of the calendar year immediately following the calendar year in which the Participant died.

(C) If there is no Designated Beneficiary as of September 30 of the year following the year of the Participant’s death, the Participant’s entire interest will be distributed by December 31 of the calendar year containing the fifth anniversary of the Participant’s death.

(D) If the Participant’s Surviving Spouse is the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary and the Surviving Spouse dies after the Participant but before distributions to the Surviving Spouse begin, this Section 6.12(b)(ii), other than Section 6.12(b)(ii)(A), will apply as if the Surviving Spouse were the Participant.

If distributions under an annuity purchased from an insurance company irrevocably commence to the Participant before the Participant’s Required Beginning Date (or to the Participant’s Surviving Spouse before the date distributions are required to begin to the Surviving Spouse under Section 6.12(b)(ii)(A)), the date distributions are considered to begin is the date distributions actually commence.

 

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(iii) Forms of Distribution. Unless the Participant’s interest is distributed in the form of an annuity purchased from an insurance company or in a single sum on or before the Required Beginning Date, as of the first Distribution Calendar Year distributions will be made in accordance with Sections 6.12(c) and 6.12(d). If the Participant’s interest is distributed in the form of an annuity purchased from an insurance company, distributions thereunder will be made in accordance with the requirements of Code Section 401(a)(9) and the Treasury Regulations.

(c) Required Minimum Distributions During Participant’s Lifetime.

(i) Amount of Required Minimum Distribution For Each Distribution Calendar Year. During the Participant’s lifetime, the minimum amount that will be distributed for each Distribution Calendar Year is the lesser of the quotient obtained by dividing the Participant’s Benefit by the distribution period in the Uniform Lifetime Table set forth in Regulation Section 1.401(a)(9)-9, using the Participant’s age as of the Participant’s birthday in the Distribution Calendar Year, or if the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary for the Distribution Calendar Year is the Participant’s Spouse, the quotient obtained by dividing the Participant’s Benefit by the number in the Joint and Last Survivor Table set forth in Regulation Section 1.401(a)(9)-9, using the Participant’s and Spouse’s attained ages as of the Participant’s and Spouse’s birthdays in the Distribution Calendar Year.

(ii) Lifetime Required Minimum Distributions Continue Through Year of Participant’s Death. Required minimum distributions will be determined under this Section 6.12(c) beginning with the first Distribution Calendar Year and up to and including the Distribution Calendar Year that includes the Participant’s date of death.

(d) Required Minimum Distributions After Participant’s Death.

(i) Death On or After Date Distributions Begin - Participant Survived by Designated Beneficiary. If the Participant dies on or after the date distributions begin and there is a Designated Beneficiary, the minimum amount that will be distributed for each Distribution Calendar Year after the year of the Participant’s death is the quotient obtained by dividing the Participant’s Benefit by the longer of the remaining Life Expectancy of the Participant or the remaining Life Expectancy of the Participant’s Designated Beneficiary, determined as follows:

(A) The Participant’s remaining Life Expectancy is calculated using the age of the Participant in the year of death, reduced by one for each subsequent year.

(B) If the Participant’s Surviving Spouse is the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary, the remaining Life Expectancy of the Surviving Spouse is calculated for each Distribution Calendar Year after the year of the

 

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Participant’s death using the Surviving Spouse’s age as of the Spouse’s birthday in that year. For Distribution Calendar Years after the year of the Surviving Spouse’s death, the remaining Life Expectancy of the Surviving Spouse is calculated using the age of the Surviving Spouse as of the Spouse’s birthday in the calendar year of the Spouse’s death, reduced by one for each subsequent calendar year.

(C) If the Participant’s Surviving Spouse is not the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary, the Designated Beneficiary’s remaining Life Expectancy is calculated using the age of the Beneficiary in the year following the year of the Participant’s death, reduced by one for each subsequent year.

(ii) Death On or After Date Distributions Begin - No Designated Beneficiary. If the Participant dies on or after the date distributions begin and there is no Designated Beneficiary as of September 30 of the year after the year of the Participant’s death, the minimum amount that will be distributed for each Distribution Calendar Year after the year of the Participant’s death is the quotient obtained by dividing the Participant’s Benefit by the Participant’s remaining Life Expectancy calculated using the age of the Participant in the year of death, reduced by one for each subsequent year.

(iii) Death Before Date Distributions Begin - Participant Survived by Designated Beneficiary. Except as provided in Section 6.12(e), if the Participant dies before the date distributions begin and there is a Designated Beneficiary, the minimum amount that will be distributed for each Distribution Calendar Year after the year of the Participant’s death is the quotient obtained by dividing the Participant’s Benefit by the remaining Life Expectancy of the Participant’s Designated Beneficiary, determined as provided in Sections 6.12(d)(i) and (ii).

(iv) Death Before Date Distributions Begin - No Designated Beneficiary. If the Participant dies before the date distributions begin and there is no Designated Beneficiary as of September 30 of the year following the year of the Participant’s death, distribution of the Participant’s entire interest will be completed by December 31 of the calendar year containing the fifth anniversary of the Participant’s death.

(v) Death Before Date Distributions Begin - Death of Surviving Spouse Before Distributions to Surviving Spouse Are Required to Begin. If the Participant dies before the date distributions begin, the Participant’s Surviving Spouse is the Participant’s sole Designated Beneficiary, and the Surviving Spouse dies before distributions are required to begin to the Surviving Spouse under Section 6.12(b)(ii)(A), Section 6.12(d)(iii) will apply as if the Surviving Spouse were the Participant.

(e) Election to Allow Participants or Beneficiaries to Elect 5-Year Rule. Participants or Beneficiaries may elect on an individual basis whether the 5-year rule or the life expectancy rule in Sections 6.12(b)(ii)(A), 6.12(b)(ii)(B), 6.12(d)(iii) and

 

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6.12(d)(iv) applies to distributions after the death of a Participant who has a Designated Beneficiary. The election must be made no later than the earlier of September 30 of the calendar year in which distribution would be required to begin under Section 6.12(b)(ii), or by September 30 of the calendar year which contains the fifth anniversary of the Participant’s (or, if applicable, Surviving Spouse’s) death. If neither the Participant nor Beneficiary makes an election, distributions will be made in accordance with Sections 6.12(b)(ii)(A), 6.12(b)(ii)(B), 6.12(d)(iii) and 6.12(d)(iv).

6.13 Distribution to Minor or Incompetent. If any individual to whom a benefit is payable under the Plan is a minor, or if the Administrator determines that any individual to whom a benefit is payable under the Plan is incompetent to receive such payment or to give a valid release thereof, then the Administrator may direct that such distribution be paid to the legal guardian, or if none, to a parent of such minor or incompetent, or a responsible adult with whom the minor or incompetent resides, or to a custodian for a minor under the Uniform Transfers to Minors Act (or other statutes of similar import), if permitted by the laws of the state in which the minor or incompetent resides. Payment to the legal guardian, parent or custodian of a minor Beneficiary shall fully discharge the Trustee, Administrator and Plan from liability on account thereof.

6.14 Beneficiary Designation. If the Participant is married, the Beneficiary shall be the Participant’s Surviving Spouse and no written designation is required. However, a Participant may designate a Beneficiary other than the Participant’s Spouse; provided, however: (a) the Participant’s Spouse consents in writing to such designation and to the form thereof (on a form acceptable to the Administrator); (b) such Beneficiary designation may not be changed without Spousal Consent (or the consent of the Spouse expressly permits changes in the beneficiary designation by the Participant without any requirement of further consent by the Spouse); and (c) the Spouse’s consent acknowledges the effect of such Beneficiary designation and is witnessed by a Plan representative or a notary public. Such Spousal Consent shall not be required if it is established to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the consent required under the preceding sentence cannot be obtained because there is no Spouse, the Spouse cannot be located, or such other circumstances as the Secretary of the Treasury may by Regulations prescribe. If, at the time of the Participant’s death, the Participant has no Surviving Spouse or designated Beneficiary, then the Beneficiary shall be the individual representative of the Participant’s estate. A Participant’s Beneficiary shall be bound by the terms and conditions of the Plan.

6.15 Spousal Consent.

(a) Requirement of Consent. Each Participant shall obtain the consent of his or her Spouse, if any (“Spousal Consent”), to an in-service withdrawal, beneficiary designation, loan, and/or distribution. Spousal Consent shall not be required if the Participant establishes to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the consent of the Spouse cannot be obtained because there is no Spouse or the Spouse cannot be located.

 

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The consent of the Participant’s Spouse shall not be required to the extent that a distribution is required to satisfy Code Section 401(a)(9) or 415. A Spouse’s consent shall not be valid with respect to any other Spouse.

(b) Form of Consent.

(i) Spousal Consent shall be made in writing and witnessed by a Plan representative or notary public. The Spouse shall have the right, which can be waived, to limit his or her consent only to a specific form of distribution or withdrawal, beneficiary designation, or loan. If the Spouse elects to waive his or her right to any of the above, then the Spouse shall acknowledge the effect of such waiver, including that: (A) the Spouse had the right to limit his or her consent; (B) the Spouse voluntarily waived this right; and (C) the Spouse understands the effect such consent has upon any benefits otherwise payable to him or her under the Plan.

(ii) Unless the consent of the Spouse expressly permits the Participant to elect any and all future distributions, withdrawals, loans, or beneficiary designations without a requirement of further consent by that Spouse, then the Spouse’s consent shall be limited to that specific election. Spousal Consent may be revoked at any time prior to the date on which a distribution is actually made.

(c) Timing of Consent. Spousal Consent to an in-service withdrawal or distribution shall be made within the one hundred eighty (180) days preceding the date of the in-service withdrawal or distribution. Spousal Consent to a loan shall be made within the ninety (90) days preceding the date of the loan.

6.16 Location of Participant or Beneficiary Unknown. If a Participant or Beneficiary who is entitled to a distribution cannot be located and the Administrator has made reasonable efforts to locate the Participant or Beneficiary, then the Participant’s or Beneficiary’s interest shall be forfeited and used: first, to restore any amounts previously forfeited under this Section and Section 6.2(d); second, to pay administrative expenses of the Plan for the Plan Year in which the forfeiture occurs; third, to offset the Employer’s obligation to make Employer Mandatory Contributions for the Plan Year in which the forfeiture occurs; and fourth, to allocate as Employer Matching Contributions for the Plan Year in which the forfeiture occurs. If the Participant or Beneficiary makes a written claim for the Account subsequent to the forfeiture, then the Employer shall cause the Account to be reinstated.

6.17 Hardship Distributions.

(a) Upon hardship of a Participant, the Trustee shall, upon the direction of the Administrator, make a distribution from the Participant’s Rollover Contributions Account, Salary Deferral Contributions Account (not including earnings), Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account (not including earnings) and any vested interest in his or

 

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her Employer Matching Contributions Account, in that order. A Participant shall be entitled to a hardship distribution only if the distribution is both (i) made on account of an immediate and heavy financial need of the Participant (as defined in paragraph (b)), and (ii) is necessary to satisfy such financial need (as defined in paragraph (c)). The Participant shall furnish the Administrator with satisfactory proof that the hardship distribution meets the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c).

(b) An immediate and heavy financial need shall be deemed to include any one or more of the following:

(i) expenses incurred or necessary for medical care, described in Code Section 213(d), of the Employee, the Employee’s spouse or dependents;

(ii) the purchase (excluding mortgage payments) of a principal residence for the Employee;

(iii) payment of tuition and related educational fees for the next 12 months of post-secondary education for the Employee, the Employee’s Spouse, children or dependents;

(iv) payments necessary to prevent the eviction of the Employee from, or a foreclosure on the mortgage of, the Employee’s principal residence;

(v) payments for funeral or burial expenses for the Employee’s deceased parent, Spouse, child or dependent; and

(vi) expenses to repair damage to the Employee’s principal residence that would qualify for a casualty loss deduction under Code Section 165 (determined without regard to whether the loss exceeds 10-percent of adjusted gross income).

(c) A distribution shall be considered as necessary to satisfy an immediate and heavy financial need of the Participant only if:

(i) the Participant has obtained all distributions, other than hardship distributions, and all nontaxable loans under all plans maintained by the Employer;

(ii) the Participant is prohibited from making Salary Deferral Contributions to this Plan for six (6) months after the receipt of the hardship distribution. In addition, the Participant must agree to stop making elective contributions and employee contributions to all other plans of the Employer (to the extent permissible under the terms of such plan) for at least six (6) months after receipt of the hardship distribution;

 

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(iii) the distribution is not in excess of the amount of an immediate and heavy financial need (including amounts necessary to pay any federal, state or local income taxes or penalties reasonably anticipated to result from the distribution); and

(iv) all plans maintained by the Employer limit the Participant’s elective contributions for the taxable year immediately following the taxable year of the hardship distribution to the applicable limit under Code Section 402(g) for such taxable year, less the amount of such Participant’s elective contributions for the taxable year of the hardship distribution.

(d) A Participant shall be required to obtain Spousal Consent prior to receiving a hardship distribution.

(e) If a Participant receives a distribution under this Section from his or her partially vested Employer Matching Contributions Account, at any relevant time following the hardship distribution, the Participant’s vested interest (“X”) in his or her Employer Matching Contributions Account shall be calculated in accordance with the following formula: X = P (AB + D) - D. For purposes of the formula in the preceding paragraph, “P” is the Participant’s current vesting percentage at the relevant time, “AB” is the value of the Participant’s Employer Matching Contributions Account at the relevant time, and “D” is the amount of the distribution.

6.18 Loans.

(a) The Administrator may direct the Trustee to make loans to Participants who are Employees and/or Beneficiaries who are parties in interest (as defined in ERISA Section 3(14)), provided that:

(i) such loans are available to all such Participants and Beneficiaries on a reasonably equivalent basis;

(ii) such loans are not made available to Highly Compensated Employees, officers or shareholders in an amount greater than the amount made available to other Employees;

(iii) such loans bear a reasonable rate of interest;

(iv) such loans are adequately secured; and

(v) a Participant’s or Beneficiary’s aggregate outstanding loans shall not exceed the lesser of (A) fifty percent (50%) of the present value of the Participant’s or Beneficiary’s vested Account, or (B) Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000) (reduced by the excess, if any, of (1) the highest principal amount of the aggregate outstanding loans at any time during the immediately preceding twelve (12) months, over (2) the aggregate principal amount outstanding under such loans on the date the new loan is made).

 

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(b) A married Participant shall obtain Spousal Consent in order to use his or her Account balance as security for the loan.

(c) In the event of default, foreclosure on the note and attachment of security shall not occur until a distributable event occurs under the Plan.

(d) Notwithstanding any contrary provision of this Plan, the portion of the Participant’s vested Account balance used as a security interest held by the Plan by reason of a loan outstanding to the Participant shall be taken into account for purposes of determining the amount of the Account balance payable at the time of distribution, but only if the reduction is used as repayment of the loan. If less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Participant’s vested Account balance (determined without regard to the preceding sentence) is payable to the Surviving Spouse, then the Account balance shall be adjusted by first reducing the vested Account balance by the amount of the security used as repayment of the loan, and then determining the benefit payable to the Surviving Spouse.

(e) All such loans shall be subject to ERISA, the Code, and such terms and conditions not inconsistent therewith (and subject to this Section) as determined by the Administrator.

(f) The Administrator shall adopt written policies and guidelines which establish and detail the terms of Plan loans hereunder, and which shall be deemed a part of this Plan. Such policies and guidelines may be amended by the Administrator from time to time.

(g) Notwithstanding the above, effective December 12, 1994, loan repayments for Participants on military leave will be suspended under this Plan as permitted under Code Section 414(u)(4).

6.19 In-Service Withdrawals at and After Normal Retirement.

(a) A Participant may, once in every twelve (12)-consecutive-month period, withdraw all or a portion of the vested portion of his or her Accounts (excluding amounts held in the Participant’s Pension Plan Account and FaAA Plan Account, if any) at any time subsequent to attainment of Normal Retirement; provided, however, that a married Participant shall obtain Spousal Consent for such withdrawal.

(b) A Participant may make separate withdrawal elections for his Roth Salary Deferral Contributions Account and his Salary Deferral Contributions Account.

 

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(c) If a Participant receives a distribution under this Section from his or her partially vested Employer Mandatory Contributions Account, and/or Employer Matching Contributions Account at any relevant time following the distribution, the Participant’s vested interest in his or her Employer Mandatory Contributions Account and/or Employer Matching Contributions Account (“X”) shall be calculated in accordance with the following formula: X = P (AB + D) - D. For purposes of this formula, “P” is the Participant’s current vesting percentage at the relevant time, “AB” is the value of the Participant’s Employer Matching Contributions Account and/or Employer Mandatory Contributions Account at the relevant time, and “D” is the amount of the distribution.

6.20 Form of Distribution. Distributions shall be in the form of cash, except as otherwise provided in the Appendices attached hereto.

ARTICLE VII.

ADMINISTRATION

7.1 Allocation of Administrative Responsibilities. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator and the Committee, as constituted in accordance with Section 7.6. The Administrator and the Committee shall administer the Plan in accordance with its terms, solely in the interests of Participants and their Beneficiaries, and for the exclusive purposes of providing benefits to Participants and their Beneficiaries (and for defraying the reasonable expenses of administering the Plan).

7.2 Powers and Duties of the Administrator. The Administrator shall have all the powers, duties and responsibilities necessary or appropriate to administer the Plan (other than powers, duties and responsibilities specifically reserved to the Committee), including without limitation, the following powers and duties:

(a) to determine all issues relating to the eligibility of Employees to become Participants, provided that any determination shall be subject to review pursuant to Section 7.3(h);

(b) to compute and certify to the Trustee the amount of each Employer contribution payable to the Trust on behalf of Participants;

(c) to interpret the Plan with respect to the calculation of contributions on behalf of Participants (including determining Hours of Service, Compensation, and Years of Service and the allocation of Contributions pursuant to Section 4.4);

(d) to compute and certify to the Trustee the amount and forms of benefits payable to Participants or their Beneficiaries;

(e) to direct disbursements by the Trustee from the Trust;

 

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(f) to establish and communicate a funding policy to the Trustee and any Investment Manager appointed pursuant to Section 7.3(b) which will enable it to comply with the provisions of the Plan.

(g) to make and publish rules for the administration of the Plan as are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan and the policies established by the Committee or Trustee in those areas where the Committee or Trustee has exclusive responsibility;

(h) to assist the Company in complying with the reporting and disclosure requirements of ERISA, including (but not limited to) preparing for filing by the Company annual reports with the applicable government agencies, furnishing summary annual reports to Participants, and assisting the Trustee in the preparation of any tax returns required for the Trust and tax reporting forms required in connection with distributions to Participants; and

(i) to do all other things necessary or convenient to effect the intent and purposes of the Plan, whether or not such powers and duties are specifically set forth in the Plan; provided, however, that such powers and duties shall not infringe upon any power, duty or responsibility specifically reserved to the Committee.

7.3 Powers and Duties of the Committee. The Committee shall have all the powers, duties and responsibilities necessary to administer the Plan (other than powers, duties and responsibilities specifically reserved to the Administrator) including, without limitation, the following:

(a) to direct the Trustee, in accordance with Article IX, as to the establishment of investment funds and the investment of the Plan assets held in the investment funds, and to establish rules or procedures regarding the terms and conditions under which Participants may select among the investment funds;

(b) to appoint one or more “Investment Manager(s)” (as defined in ERISA Section 3(38));

(c) to employ or engage such agents and Employees, investment counsel, legal counsel and accountants, and to procure or obtain such supplies and services as the Committee may require in carrying out the provisions of this Plan;

(d) to make and publish rules for the administration of the Plan as are not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan and the policies established by the Administrator or Trustee in those areas where the Administrator or Trustee has exclusive responsibility;

(e) from time to time advise and consult with the Administrator with respect to its exercise of the powers and duties delegated to it pursuant to Section 7.2;

 

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(f) from time to time advise and consult with the Company with respect to its exercise of the powers and duties reserved to it pursuant to the terms of the Plan;

(g) at least annually, to report to the Participants with respect to such matters as the Committee deems appropriate regarding the administration and investments of the Plan or the performance of its duties and responsibilities under the Plan;

(h) to establish a claims review procedure, and to review and decide all appeals of benefit claim denials or other decisions rendered by the Administrator pursuant to Sections 7.2(a) and 13.3, and

(i) to interpret the Plan (except to the extent such power is specifically reserved to the Administrator) and the Trust Agreement; and any such interpretation shall, to the extent permitted by ERISA Section 502(a), be binding upon the Administrator, the Company, the Trustee, all active, inactive, former, retired or terminated Participants, their Beneficiaries, the successors, assigns, heirs and personal representatives of all of them, and every other person directly or indirectly interested in the Plan.

7.4 Discretion of the Administrator and the Committee. Subject to Article VII and the allocation of duties under the Plan, the Administrator and the Committee shall have, as provided in Section 7.2 and 7.3 respectively, the sole and absolute discretion to construe and interpret the provisions of the Plan, and any issue arising out of, relating to, or resulting from the administration or operation of the Plan. Any interpretation and/or construction by the Administrator and/or the Committee shall be final and binding on all parties (including, without limitation, any Participating Employer, Participant, Beneficiary or their successors or assigns). When making a determination or calculation, the Administrator and/or the Committee shall, in their sole and absolute discretion, be entitled to rely upon information furnished by the Participating Employer, third party administrators, vendors, Participants, Beneficiaries, or other persons.

7.5 Reallocation or Delegation of Responsibility. The Administrator and, by a unanimous vote of all Members, the Committee may agree to reallocate among them any of the duties, powers or responsibilities initially allocated to either of them under the terms of the Plan. The Administrator or the Committee may delegate to any other person or persons (including, but not limited to, one or more designated Members) the authority to discharge or carry out their duties, powers or responsibilities. Any such reallocation or designation must comply with ERISA Section 404(a)(l).

 

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7.6 Committee Appointment and Governance.

(a) Establishment and Indemnification. The Administrator has established the Committee to discharge some of the duties of the Administrator under the Plan. The Committee and each of its members shall be indemnified by the Employer to the extent set forth in Section 15.2.

(b) Appointment. The Committee shall consist of four (4) members (each a “Member”). In accordance with this Section 7.6, the Company shall appoint two (2) Members, Member A, and Member B and the Participants shall elect two (2) Members, Member C and Member D. (Members A, B, C and D shall collectively be referred to as the “Members”.) Member A shall serve as the Chair of the Committee. Only Employees shall be eligible to serve as Members of the Committee.

(c) Participant Elections of Member C and Member D. Only Participants who are Employees shall be eligible to vote. For purposes of electing Member C, each Participant shall be entitled to cast one vote. For purposes of electing Member D, each Participant shall be entitled to cast votes equal to the number of dollars credited to his or her Account, calculated as of the last day of the Plan Year preceding the date of the election.

(d) Resignation, Vacancies and Removal. Any Member may resign at any time by giving written notice of his or her resignation to the Company and the other Members.

(i) A vacancy with respect to Member A or Member B shall be filled in accordance with paragraph (b) above. A vacancy with respect to Member C or Member D shall be filled in accordance with paragraph (e) below.

(ii) Members A and B shall serve as Members until they resign or are removed by the Company. The Company may remove Member A or B at any time for any reason by filing written notice of such removal with the Committee.

(iii) The initial term of Member C shall be two (2) years, thereafter, Member C shall serve for a period of four (4) years. Member D shall serve for a period of four (4) years. Prior to the expiration of their respective terms, Member C and Member D may be removed upon the written petition of a majority of the Participants then entitled to elect a successor Member C or Member D as provided in paragraph (c) and (e), which removal shall be effective as of the seventh (7th) day following the certification of the results of the election of the successor.

(iv) In the case of any petition for the removal of Member C or Member D, the petition for removal shall be presented to the Committee. The effectiveness of the petition, the persons entitled to sign their names thereon and the number of votes entitled to be cast by Participants shall be determined by the non-affected Members in accordance with paragraph (e) below. Any Participant or Member may examine the petition and request a review of such determination within five (5) days thereof. Such review shall be made by a majority vote of the non-affected Members.

 

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(e) Election Procedures. In the event of the death, incapacity, removal, resignation or upon the expiration of the term of service of Member C or Member D, his or her successor shall be elected under the following procedure:

(i) The non-affected Members shall certify the effectiveness of any resignation or petition for the removal of such Member, or the incapacity, death or expiration of the term of service of the Member. The Committee shall thereupon give notice that a vacancy exists in the office of such Member by prominently posting written notice thereof at places customarily used by the Company for employer-employee notices. Any Participant eligible to vote in the election of the Member may place a name in nomination by notifying the Committee in writing within ten (10) days of the date on which such notice is posted. At the expiration of such ten (10) day period, the Committee shall prepare a ballot in such form as it shall deem appropriate containing the names of each person who has been nominated and who has indicated to the Committee his or her willingness to serve as a Member; provided, however, that the Committee shall not place on the ballot the name of any person who is prohibited from serving under ERISA Section 411 or any other provision of applicable law or of the Plan or the Trust Agreement. The Committee may require any individual who desires to serve as a Member to furnish such information as it may reasonably require in order to satisfy the requisites of the preceding sentence.

(ii) The Committee shall distribute the ballots to those Participants eligible to vote either by personal delivery, by electronic mail to the Participant’s work-related electronic mail address, or by first class mail addressed to the Participant’s last known address. The ballot shall include a statement stating the location where ballots will be received and the deadline for casting ballots. The deadline shall be a date selected by the Committee which falls not less than ten (10) nor more than fifteen (15) days after the date of distribution. In the case of ballots distributed by electronic mail, distribution shall be deemed to occur when the ballots are transmitted via electronic mail. In the case of ballots distributed by mail, distribution shall be deemed to occur on the date of mailing. A ballot shall be deemed to be cast on the date and at the time of its actual receipt by the Committee in the manner and at the location designated on the ballot.

(iii) Votes shall be credited in the manner specified in paragraph (c) above. The candidate receiving the largest number of votes cast shall be the winner. There shall be no runoff except in the case of a tie vote. Votes may be cast only for candidates whose names appear on the ballot. Votes for any write-in candidate shall be disregarded.

 

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(iv) In the event that elections for the office of Member C and Member D are being held concurrently, an individual may be a candidate for both offices. In the event that such an individual receives the largest number of votes cast for both offices, the individual shall be deemed to be elected to serve as Member D and the candidate for Member C who received the next highest number of votes shall be deemed elected to serve as Member C.

(v) The non-affected Members shall certify to the remaining Member(s) the results of such election, as soon as is reasonably possible thereafter, and the successor Member(s) shall commences serving seven (7) days after such certification is received.

(f) Committee Voting. Any action of the Committee shall be determined by vote or other affirmative expression of a majority of its Members. However, no Member shall vote on any question in which he or she has any direct or indirect interest, unless such direct or indirect interest results merely from his or her being a Participant in the Plan and is not materially different from the interest that other Participants in the Plan have in the question. In the event that any vote shall result in a tie, such tie shall be broken by the decision of Member A.

(g) Amendment Restrictions. Without the written consent of both Members C and D, the Company (1) shall have no power to amend or modify the provisions of this Section 7.6 or Section 7.3 or 7.4, and (2) shall not cause or permit account balances maintained under this Plan to be transferred to or merged with any other plan, program, fund or arrangement (whether or not tax-qualified) of the Company or any related company, unless the portion of the successor plan that consists of the transferred or merged accounts is subject to restrictions that are identical (except for appropriate Section numbering and cross-reference changes) to those imposed by this Section 7.6.

7.7 Domestic Relations Orders.

(a) Definitions.

(i) Alternate Payee. “Alternate Payee” means any Spouse, former Spouse, child or other dependent (within the meaning of Code Section 152) of a Participant who is recognized by a Domestic Relations Order as having a right to receive any immediate or deferred payment of all or a portion of the balance credited to a Participant’s Account under the Plan.

(ii) Domestic Relations Order or Order. “Domestic Relations Order” or “Order” means any judgment, decree or order (including approval of a property settlement agreement) which provides or otherwise conveys, pursuant to applicable state domestic relations laws (including community property laws), child support, alimony payments or marital property rights to an Alternate Payee.

 

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(iii) Qualified Domestic Relations Order. “Qualified Domestic Relations Order” means any Domestic Relations Order that meets the following requirements:

(A) such Order establishes (or otherwise recognizes the existence of) the right of an Alternate Payee to receive all or a portion of the vested balance credited to a Participant’s Account under the Plan;

(B) such Order specifies (1) the name and last known mailing address of the Participant, (2) the name and last known mailing address of each Alternate Payee covered by such Order, (3) the amount or percentage of the Participant’s vested account balance under the Plan payable to each such Alternate Payee or the manner in which such amount or percentage is to be calculated, and (4) any other requirement set forth in ERISA Section 206(d)(3) or Code Section 414(p); and

(C) such Order does not require the Plan to (1) provide any type or form of benefit or option not otherwise available to the Participant under the Plan, (2) provide increased benefits not otherwise payable to the Participant under the Plan, or (3) pay benefits to an Alternate Payee which are required to be paid to another Alternate Payee pursuant to any Qualified Domestic Relations Orders previously issued with respect to the Participant’s Account under the Plan.

(b) Notification. Upon receipt of a Domestic Relations Order, the Administrator shall promptly notify the affected Participant and each Alternate Payee of the receipt of such Order and the procedures established by the Administrator for determining whether such Order satisfies the requirements for recognition as a Qualified Domestic Relations Order. Such notice shall also advise such Participant and Alternate Payee of his or her right to designate a representative to receive communications from the Administrator concerning the disposition of the Domestic Relations Order. Within a reasonable time after providing such notification, the Administrator shall, pursuant to such procedures, determine whether or not the Order is a Qualified Domestic Relations Order and shall notify the Participant and each Alternate Payee (or his or her representative) of such determination.

(c) Procedures. The Administrator shall establish reasonable procedures for determining the qualified status of Domestic Relations Orders and for effecting distributions pursuant to all such Orders which are determined to be Qualified Domestic Relations Orders.

(d) Payment.

(i) During the period in which the qualified status of a Domestic Relations Order is pending, the Administrator shall defer the payment of all Plan benefits affecting the Participant which are in dispute and shall separately account for all amounts which would otherwise be payable to the Alternate Payee (the “Segregated Amounts”) during such period were the Order determined to be a Qualified Domestic Relations Order.

 

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(ii) If the Administrator determines, within eighteen (18) months after the date the first payment to the Alternate Payee would otherwise be required to be made pursuant to the terms of the Order, that such Order is a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, then the Administrator shall establish a separate Account to hold the Segregated Amounts (including any Earnings thereon) on behalf of such Alternate Payee and such Alternate Payee shall then be treated as a Participant for purposes of such Account. To the extent such Qualified Domestic Relations Order provides for the payment of the entire balance of the Segregated Amounts (including any Earnings thereon) to the Alternate Payee prior to the Participant’s Severance Date, then the Administrator shall make such payment in accordance with such Order, even though the affected Participant’s Severance Date has not occurred. Such payment shall be made as if the Participant’s Severance Date occurred on the date on which benefits are to enter pay status under the Order. Notwithstanding the foregoing, payment to the Alternate Payee shall not be deferred beyond the date distribution to the Participant or (in the event of death) his or her Beneficiary is made or commenced.

(iii) If the Administrator determines, within such eighteen (18) month period under paragraph (ii) above, that such Order is not a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, or if the qualified status of such Order cannot be determined prior to the expiration of such eighteen (18) month period, then the Administrator shall authorize the payment of the Segregated Amounts (including any Earnings thereon) to the individual or individuals who would have been entitled to receive such Segregated Amounts under the Plan had the Order not been issued. If such individual is the Participant, then the previously Segregated Amounts shall remain part of the Trust and shall not be distributed until the Participant becomes entitled to benefits under the Plan in accordance with the provisions of Article VI or any applicable Appendix. Should there be a subsequent determination that the Order is in fact a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, then such determination shall be applied on a prospective basis only.

(e) Hold Procedures. Notwithstanding any contrary Plan provision, prior to the receipt of a Domestic Relations Order, the Administrator may, place a hold (as defined below) upon such portion of a Participant’s Account, at such time and for such reasonable period of time as the Administrator may determine, if the Administrator receives notice that (1) a Domestic Relations Order is being sought by the Participant, his or her Spouse, former Spouse, child or other dependent (within the meaning of Code Section 152), and (2) the Participant’s Account is likely to be a source of payment under such Order. For purposes of this paragraph, a “hold” means that no withdrawals, loans or other distributions may be made with respect to a Participant’s Account. The Administrator shall notify a Participant if a hold is placed upon his or her Account pursuant to this paragraph.

 

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ARTICLE VIII.

LEAVES OF ABSENCE AND TRANSFERS

8.1 Military Leave of Absence. An Employee who leaves the employment of the Employer for military service in the Armed Forces of the United States, as defined in the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 (“USERRA”), shall, for all purposes of the Plan, be considered as having been in the employment of the Employer, with the time of the Participant’s service in the military credited to his or her service under the Plan; provided, however, that upon such Employee being discharged from the military service of the United States, the Employee must apply for reemployment with the Employer and take all other necessary action to be entitled to, and to be otherwise eligible for, re-employment rights, as provided by USERRA or any similar law from time to time in force. Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan to the contrary, contributions, benefits and service credit with respect to qualified military service shall be provided in accordance with Code Section 414(u).

8.2 Other Leaves of Absence. For all purposes of this Plan, an Employee on an Employer-approved leave of absence not described in Section 8.1 shall be considered as having continued in the employment of the Employer for the period of such leave, provided that the Employee returns to the active employment of the Employer before or at the expiration of such leave.

8.3 Transfers.

(a) In the event that:

(i) a Participant is transferred to-employment with an Employer that is not a Participating Employer, or to employment with an Employer in a status other than as an Eligible Employee;

(ii) an individual is transferred from employment with an Employer that is not a Participating Employer or from other employment;

(iii) an individual is transferred from service with the Employer in a status other than as an Eligible Employee to employment with the Employer as an Eligible Employee; or

(iv) an individual was employed by an Employer that is not a Participating Employer, terminated his or her employment and was subsequently employed by the Employer as an Eligible Employee;

 

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(b) then the following provisions shall apply:

(i) transfer to employment with: (A) an Employer that is not a Participating Employer or (B) the Employer not as an Eligible Employee, shall not be considered termination of employment with the Employer, and such transferred individual shall continue to be entitled to the benefits provided in the Plan, as modified by this Section;

(ii) any employment with an Employer which is not a Participating Employer or with the Employer not as an Eligible Employee will be deemed to be employment by the Employer;

(iii) no amounts earned from an Employer at a time when it is not a Participating Employer or from the Employer not as an Employee shall constitute Compensation hereunder;

(iv) no service for an Employer at a time when such individual was not an Employee shall be counted for purposes of eligibility and vesting hereunder, unless agreed to by the Company or required pursuant to a closing agreement entered into by the Employer and the Internal Revenue Service;

(v) termination of employment with an Employer which is not a Participating Employer by an individual entitled to benefits under this Plan (other than to transfer to employment with another Employer) shall be considered as termination of employment with the Employer; and

(vi) all other terms and provisions of this Plan shall fully apply to such individual and to any benefits to which he or she may be entitled hereunder.

 

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ARTICLE IX.

TRUST PROVISIONS

The Administrator may at any time select and appoint a Trustee to hold all or a portion of the assets of the Trust, and the Company shall, on its behalf and on behalf of all Participating Employers, enter into a Trust Agreement.

 

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ARTICLE X.

FEES AND EXPENSES

All reasonable fees and expenses of the Administrator, the Committee and/or the Trustee incurred in the performance of their duties hereunder or under the Trust shall be charged against Participants’ Accounts in such manner as the Trustee reasonably determines, unless the Employer elects to pay such fees and expenses.

 

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ARTICLE XI.

AMENDMENT, TERMINATION OR MERGER

11.1 Amendment.

(a) The Company shall have full power and authority to amend the provisions of the Plan, subject to Section 7.6(g), for any reason, at any time, either prospectively or retroactively, to such extent and in such manner as the Company shall deem advisable, in accordance with its normally established procedures. The Company may delegate such power, subject to Section 7.6(g), in whole or in part, to one or more committees (comprised of officers or other managerial personnel of the Employer) to whom administrative responsibilities may be delegated under the Plan.

(b) The Board delegates to the Committee or any individual or committee appointed by the Administrator the full power and authority to adopt and to provide a certificate evidencing the execution of any amendment to the Plan, subject to Section 7.6(g), which satisfies one of the following requirements:

(i) the amendment is designed to clarify any provision of the Plan;

(ii) the amendment is designed to bring the Plan into compliance with applicable law;

(iii) the amendment is designed to ensure the continued tax-qualified status of the Plan; or

(iv) the amendment does not have a significant financial impact on the Employer.

(c) An amendment shall become effective, in accordance with its terms as to all Participants and all other persons having or claiming an interest under the Plan, upon the effective date specified in the instrument evidencing such amendment. However, no such amendment shall operate to: (i) cause any part of the Trust to revert to or be recoverable by the Employer or to be used for, or diverted to, purposes other than the exclusive benefit of Participants and their Beneficiaries (or for defraying the reasonable administrative expenses of the Plan); (ii) reduce the then outstanding balances in the Accounts of Participants; (iii) cause or effect any discrimination in favor of Highly Compensated Employees; (iv) change the duties, responsibilities or liabilities of the Trustee hereunder without the written consent of such Trustee; or (v) affect, reduce or eliminate any benefits which are protected benefits pursuant to Code Section 411(d)(6).

 

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11.2 Termination. The Company may terminate this Plan at any time for any reason by resolution adopted by the Board, but the Trust may not thereby be diverted from the exclusive benefit of the Participants, their Beneficiaries, survivors or estates (other than for defraying the reasonable administrative expenses of the Plan), nor revert to the Employer, nor may any change be made to a previously allocated contribution other than to correct a contribution that was improperly allocated. Upon termination or partial termination of the Plan or complete discontinuance of Employer Contributions under the Plan, the Accounts of each affected Participant shall be nonforfeitable. The Administrator shall distribute each Participant’s Accounts to the Participant pursuant to Sections 6.8 through 6.11 as soon as administratively feasible after the termination (to the extent such distribution is permitted under applicable law).

11.3 Merger.

(a) The Board delegates to the Administrator, or any individual or committee appointed by the Administrator the full power and authority, subject to Section 7.6(g), to effect from time to time, upon such terms and conditions deemed appropriate, the merger of any and all tax-qualified defined contribution plans and related tax-exempt trusts maintained by entities acquired by the Company into the Plan and Trust and to take any and all such action, and prepare, execute, and deliver all such documents as may be necessary or advisable to effect any and all such plan and trust mergers.

(b) Except as otherwise provided in Section 7.6(g), nothing contained herein shall prevent the merger or consolidation of the Plan with, or transfer of assets or liabilities of the Plan to, another plan meeting the requirements of Code Section 401(a) or the transfer to the Plan of assets or liabilities of another such plan so qualified under the Code. Any such merger, consolidation or transfer shall be accompanied by the transfer of such existing records and information as may be necessary to properly allocate such assets among Participants, including without limitation any tax or other information necessary for the Participants or persons administering the plan which is receiving such assets. The terms of such merger, consolidation or transfer must be such that (if the Plan had then terminated), the requirements of this Article would be satisfied and each Participant (or, if applicable, his or her Beneficiary) would receive a benefit immediately after the merger, consolidation or transfer equal to or greater than the benefit he or she would have received if the Plan had terminated immediately before the merger, consolidation or transfer. Notwithstanding any provision in this Plan to the contrary, any amounts transferred to the Plan as a result of such merger, consolidation or transfer shall, to the extent the benefits accrued under the transferor plan are protected benefits under Code Section 411(d)(6) (“Protected Benefits”), be preserved under this Plan, and shall not in any way be affected, reduced or eliminated by Plan amendment, other than as legally required or permitted.

 

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ARTICLE XII.

ADOPTION OF PLAN BY RELATED ENTITIES

12.1 Adoption of the Plan. An Employer may become a Participating Employer with the approval of the Company.

12.2 Withdrawal. A Participating Employer may withdraw from the Plan at any time for any reason by giving advance written notice of its intention to withdraw to the Company and to the Administrator. Upon receipt of such withdrawal notice, the Trustee shall set aside from the Trust such cash, securities and other property as it shall deem to be equal in value to the Participating Employer’s equitable share. If the Plan is to be terminated with respect to the Participating Employer, then the amount set aside shall be administered according to Article IX and the Trust Agreement. If the Plan is not to be terminated with respect to the Participating Employer, then the Trustee shall turn over the Participating Employer’s equitable share to a trustee designated by the Participating Employer, and the cash, securities and other property shall thereafter be held and invested as a separate trust of the Participating Employer and shall be used and applied according to the terms of a new trust agreement between the Participating Employer and the trustee so designated. Neither the segregation of the Trust assets upon the withdrawal of a Participating Employer nor the execution of a new trust agreement shall operate to permit any part of the assets of the Trust to be used for or diverted to purposes other than for the exclusive benefit of Participants and Beneficiaries (or for defraying the reasonable administrative expenses of the Plan).

 

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ARTICLE XIII.

CLAIMS PROCEDURE

13.1 Right to File Claim. Every Participant or Beneficiary shall be entitled to file with the Administrator a written claim for benefits under the Plan.

13.2 Denial of Claim.

(a) If the claim is denied by the Administrator, in whole or in part, the claimant shall be furnished within ninety (90) days after the Administrator’s receipt of the claim (or within one hundred eighty (180) days after such receipt if special circumstances require an extension of time) a written notice of denial of such claim containing the following:

(i) specific reason or reasons for denial;

(ii) specific reference to pertinent Plan provisions on which the denial is based;

(iii) a description of any additional material or information necessary for the claimant to perfect the claim, and an explanation of why the material or information is necessary; and

(iv) an explanation of the claims review procedure, including a statement of the claimant’s right to bring a civil action under ERISA following an adverse benefit determination on review.

(b) If written notice of the denial of such claim is not furnished within the time period prescribed under paragraph (a), then the claim shall be deemed denied.

13.3 Claim Review Procedure.

(a) Review may be requested at any time within sixty (60) days following the date the claimant received written notice of the denial of his or her claim. For purposes of this Section, any action required or authorized to be taken by the claimant may be taken by a representative authorized in writing by the claimant to act on his or her behalf. The Administrator (or the Committee for claims relating to the Employer Mandatory Contributions Account, the Pension Plan Account or the FaAA Plan Account) shall afford the claimant a full and fair review of the decision denying the claim and, if so requested, shall:

(i) provide the claimant, free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of documents that are pertinent to the claim; and

 

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(ii) permit the claimant to submit to the Administrator (or, if applicable, the Committee) issues and comments in writing.

(b) The decision on review by the Administrator (or, if applicable, the Committee) shall be in writing and shall be issued within sixty (60) days following receipt of the request for review. The period for decision may, however, be extended up to one hundred twenty (120) days after such receipt if the Administrator (or, if applicable, the Committee) determines that special circumstances require extension. The decision on review shall include specific reasons for the decision and specific references to the pertinent Plan provisions on which the decision of the Administrator (or, if applicable, the Committee) is based, the claimant’s right to receive upon request and free of charge reasonable access to, and copies of all documents pertinent to his claims; and the claimant’s right to bring an action under ERlSA.

(c) If the decision on review by the Administrator (or, if applicable, the Committee) is not furnished within the time period prescribed under paragraph (b), then the claim shall be deemed denied on review.

13.4 Claims Procedure for Disability Benefits from the Merged Exponent, Inc. Employee Pension Plan. Notwithstanding the above, a Participant claim for Disability benefits attributable to the Account balances merged into the Plan from the Exponent, Inc. Employee Pension Plan shall be administered in conformance with the claims procedures for disability benefits set forth in Section 2560.503-1 of the Department of Labor Regulations.

 

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ARTICLE XIV.

TOP-HEAVY PROVISIONS

14.1 Purpose. This Article is intended to insure that the Plan complies with Code Section 416. If the Plan is or becomes Top-Heavy in any Plan Year, the provisions of this Article shall supersede any conflicting provision in the Plan.

14.2 Definitions. For purposes of this Article, the following definitions shall apply:

(a) Determination Date. “Determination Date” means for any Plan Year, the last day of the preceding Plan Year.

(b) Determination Period. “Determination Period” means the Plan Year containing the Determination Date and the four (4) preceding Plan Years.

(c) Key Employee. “Key Employee” means any Employee or former Employee (including any deceased Employee) who at any time during the Plan Year that includes the Determination Date was an officer of the Employer having annual compensation greater than $130,000 (as adjusted under Code Section 416(i)(1) for Plan Years beginning after December 31, 2002), a 5-percent owner of the Employer, or a 1- percent owner of the Employer having annual compensation of more than $150,000. For this purpose, “annual compensation” means compensation within the meaning of Code Section 415(c)(3). The determination of who is a Key Employee will be made in accordance with Code Section 416(i)(1) and the applicable regulations and other guidance of general applicability issued thereunder.

(d) Non-Key Employee. “Non-Key Employee” means any Employee who is not a Key Employee, including Employees who are former Key Employees.

(e) Permissive Aggregation Group. “Permissive Aggregation Group” means the Required Aggregation Group of plans, plus any other plan or plans of the Employer which, when considered as a group with the Required Aggregation Group, would continue to satisfy the requirements of Code Sections 401(a)(4) and 410.

(f) Required Aggregation Group. “Required Aggregation Group” means:

(i) each tax-qualified plan of the Employer in which at least one (i) Key Employee participates or participated at any time during the Determination Period (regardless of whether the plan has terminated); and

 

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(ii) any other tax-qualified plan of the Employer which enables a plan described in paragraph (i) above to meet the requirements of Code Section 401(a)(4) or 410.

(g) Top-Heavy Plan. “Top-Heavy Plan” means this Plan, if for any Plan Year any of the following conditions exists:

(i) the Top-Heavy Ratio for this Plan exceeds sixty percent (60%) and this Plan is not part of any Required Aggregation Group or Permissive Aggregation Group of plans;

(ii) this Plan is a part of a Required Aggregation Group of plans but not part of a Permissive Aggregation Group and the Top-Heavy Ratio for the Required Aggregation Group exceeds sixty percent (60%); or

(iii) this Plan is a part of a Required Aggregation Group and part of a Permissive Aggregation Group of plans and the Top-Heavy Ratio for the Permissive Aggregation Group exceeds sixty percent (60%).

(h) Top-Heavy Ratio. “Top-Heavy Ratio” means:

(i) if the Employer maintains one or more defined contribution plans (including any simplified employee pension plan) and the Employer has not maintained any defined benefit plan which during the five (5) year period ending on the Determination Date(s) has or has had accrued benefits, the Top-Heavy Ratio for this Plan alone or for the Required or Permissive Aggregation Group as appropriate is a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of the Account balances of all Key Employees as of the Determination Date(s) (including any part of any Account balance distributed in the five (5) year period ending on the Determination Date(s)), and the denominator of which is the sum of Account balances (including any part of any Account balance distributed in the five (5)-year period ending on the Determination Date(s)), both computed in accordance with Code Section 416. Both the numerator and denominator of the Top-Heavy Ratio are increased to reflect any contribution not actually made as of the Determination Date, but which is required to be taken into account on that date under Code Section 416.

(ii) if the Employer maintains one or more defined contribution plans (including any simplified employee pension plan) and the Employer maintains or has maintained one or more defined benefit plans which during the five (5) year period ending on the Determination Date(s) has or has had any accrued benefits, the Top-Heavy Ratio for any Required or Permissive Aggregation Group as appropriate is a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of Account balances under the aggregated defined contribution plan or plans for all Key Employees, determined in accordance with paragraph (i) above, and the present value of accrued benefits under the aggregated

 

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defined benefit plan or plans for all Key Employees as of the Determination Date(s), and the denominator of which is the sum of Account balances under the aggregated defined contribution plan or plans for all participants, determined in accordance with paragraph (i) above, and the present value of accrued benefits under the defined benefit plan or plans for all participants as of the Determination Date(s), all determined in accordance with Code Section 416. The accrued benefits under a defined benefit plan in both the numerator and denominator of the Top-Heavy Ratio are increased for any distribution of an accrued benefit made in the five (5)-year period ending on the Determination Date.

(iii) for purposes of paragraphs (i) and (ii) above, the value of Account balances and the present value of accrued benefits shall be determined as of the most recent Valuation Date that falls within or ends with the twelve (12) month period ending on the Determination Date, except as provided in Code Section 416 for the first and second plan years of a defined benefit plan. The Account balances and accrued benefits of a participant (1) who is not a Key Employee but who was a Key Employee in a prior year, or (2) who has not been credited with at least one (1) Hour of Service with any Employer maintaining the Plan at any time during the five (5)-year period ending on the Determination Date shall be disregarded. The calculation of the Top-Heavy Ratio, and the extent to which distributions, rollovers, and transfers are taken into account shall be made in accordance with Code Section 416. When aggregating plans, the value of Account balances and accrued benefits shall be calculated with reference to the Determination Dates that fall within the same calendar year.

The accrued benefit of a Participant other than a Key Employee shall be determined under (1) the method, if any, that uniformly applies for accrual purposes under all defined benefit plans maintained by the Employer, or (2) if there is no such method, as if such benefit accrued not more rapidly than the slowest accrual rate permitted under the fractional rule of Code Section 411(b)(1)(C).

(i) Valuation Date. “Valuation Date” means the last day of the Plan Year, as of which Account balances or accrued benefits are valued for purposes of calculating the Top-Heavy Ratio.

14.3 Determination of Present Values and Amounts. This Section 14.3 shall apply for purposes of determining the present values of accrued benefits and the amounts of account balances of Employees as of the determination date.

(a) Distributions during Year Ending on the Determination Date. The present values of accrued benefits and the amounts of account balances of an Employee as of the Determination Date shall be increased by the distributions made with respect to the Employee under the Plan and any plan aggregated with the Plan under Code Section 416(g)(2) during the 1-year period ending on the Determination Date. The preceding sentence shall also apply to distributions under a terminated plan which, had it not been terminated, would have been aggregated with the Plan under Code

 

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Section 416(g)(2)(A)(i). In the case of a distribution made for a reason other than separation from service, death, or disability, this provision shall be applied by substituting “5-year period” for “1-year period.”

(b) Employees Not Performing Services During Year Ending on the Determination Date. The accrued benefits and accounts of any individual who has not performed services for the Employer during the 1-year period ending on the Determination Date shall not be taken into account

14.4 Minimum Allocation.

(a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) below, in any Plan Year that the Plan is Top-Heavy, Employer Contributions (other than Salary Deferral Contributions and Employer Matching Contributions included in the ADP and ACP tests described in Sections 5.5 and 5.7) allocated to the Accounts of each Participant who is a Non-Key Employee, shall be not less than the lesser of (i) three percent (3%) of the Non-Key Employee’s Section 415 Compensation, or (ii) in the case where the Employer has no defined benefit plan which designates this Plan to satisfy Code Section 401, the largest percentage of Contributions and forfeitures (if applicable), as a percentage of the first Two Hundred Thousand Dollars ($200,000) (as adjusted for cost-of-living increases in accordance with Code Section 401(a)(17)(B)) of Section 415 Compensation, allocated on behalf of any Key Employee for that Plan Year. The minimum allocation shall be determined without regard to any Social Security contribution. This minimum contribution shall be made even though, under other provisions of the Plan, the Participant would not otherwise be entitled to receive an allocation or would have received a lesser allocation for the Plan Year because of (i) the Participant’s failure to complete one thousand (1,000) Hours of Service (or any equivalent provided in the Plan) or (ii) Section 415 Compensation less than a stated amount.

(b) The provisions in paragraph (a) above shall not apply to any Participant who was not employed by the Employer on the last day of the Plan Year.

(c) The provisions in paragraph (a) above shall not apply to any Participant to the extent the Participant is covered under any other plan or plans of the Employer.

(d) The minimum allocation required (to the extent required to be nonforfeitable under Code Section 416(b)) may not be forfeited under Code Section 411(a)(3)(B) or (D).

 

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(e) Employer Matching Contributions shall be taken into account for purposes of satisfying the minimum contribution requirements of Code Section 416(c)(2) and the Plan. The preceding sentence shall apply with respect to Employer Matching Contributions under the Plan or if applicable, another plan of the Employer that provides the minimum contribution requirement. Employer Matching Contributions that are used to satisfy the minimum contribution requirements shall be treated as Employer Matching Contributions for purposes of the actual contribution percentage test and other requirements of Code Section 401(m).

 

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ARTICLE XV.

MISCELLANEOUS

15.1 Legal or Equitable Action. If any legal or equitable action with respect to the Plan is brought by or maintained against any individual, and the results of such action are adverse to that individual, attorney’s fees and all other direct and indirect expenses and costs incurred by the Participating Employer, the Administrator, the Committee, or the Trust of defending or bringing such action shall be charged against the interest, if any, of such individual under the Plan.

15.2 Indemnification. Each Participating Employer indemnifies and holds harmless any of its Employees, officers and directors who may be fiduciaries of the Plan, and the Administrator and each member of the Committee, from and against any and all direct and indirect liabilities, demands, claims, losses, taxes, costs, and expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, arising out of, relating to, or resulting from any action, inaction or conduct in their official capacity in the administration of this Plan or Trust, or in their defense if a Participating Employer fails to provide such defense; provided, however, that the Administrator or the Member shall not be indemnified and held harmless if his or her action, inaction or conduct arises out of, related to, or results from his or her gross negligence or willful misconduct, or otherwise is in willful violation of the law. The indemnification provisions of this Section shall not relieve any fiduciary from any liability such individual may have under ERISA for breach of a fiduciary duty. Each Participating Employer may purchase insurance to satisfy its obligations under this Section 15.2.

15.3 No Enlargement of Plan Rights. Each individual agrees, as a condition of participation in this Plan, that he or she shall look solely to the assets of the Trust for the payment of any benefit under the Plan.

15.4 No Enlargement of Employment Rights. Nothing appearing in or done pursuant to the Plan shall be construed to give any individual a legal or equitable right or interest in the assets of the Trust or distribution therefrom (except as expressly provided in the Plan), nor against any Participating Employer (except as expressly provided herein), or to create or modify any contract of employment between a Participating Employer and any Employee or to obligate a Participating Employer to continue the services of any Employee.

15.5 Interpretation. The headings contained in this Plan or in an Appendix hereto, and in the table of contents to the Plan are for reference purposes only, and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of the Plan. Any capitalized term used in any Appendix hereto, but not otherwise defined therein, shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Plan. The masculine pronoun shall include the feminine pronoun or the singular the plural, where the context so indicates.

 

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15.6 Governing Law. This Plan shall be construed, administered and governed in all respects in accordance with ERISA, the Code and other pertinent Federal laws and, to the extent not preempted by ERISA, in accordance with the laws of the State of California (irrespective of the choice of law principles of the State of California as to all matters); provided, however, that if any provision is susceptible to more than one interpretation, such interpretation shall be given thereto as is consistent with the Plan being a tax-qualified plan and related tax-exempt trust under Code Sections 401(a) and 501(a), respectively.

15.7 Non-Alienation of Benefits. None of the benefits, payments, proceeds or claims of any Participant under the Plan shall be subject to any claim or any creditor of any Participant, and, in particular, the same shall not be subject to attachment or garnishment or other legal process by any creditor of any Participant, nor shall any Participant have any right to alienate, anticipate, commute, pledge, encumber or assign any of the benefits, payments or proceeds which he or she is or may be entitled to receive from the Plan, other than:

(a) federal tax levies and executions on federal tax judgments;

(b) payments made from the Accounts of a Participant in satisfaction of the rights of Alternate Payees pursuant to a Qualified Domestic Relations Order under Section 7.7;

(c) enforcement of any security interests or offset rights applicable to the Account of a Participant pursuant to the loan provisions of Section 6.18; or

(d) any offset of a Participant’s Account under the Plan against an amount the Participant is ordered to pay due to a judgment or settlement described in Code Section 401(a)(13)(C).

15.8 No Reversion. Notwithstanding any contrary provision of the Plan (except as provided in Section 5.4), no part of the assets in the Trust shall revert to the Employer, and no part of such assets, other than that amount required to pay taxes or reasonable administrative expenses of the Plan, shall be used for any purpose other than exclusive benefit of Employees or their Beneficiaries. However, upon the Company’s request, the Trustee shall return the appropriate amount to a Participating Employer under any of the following circumstances:

(a) the amount was all or part of an Employer Contribution which was made as a result of a mistake of fact and the amount contributed is returned to the Participating Employer within one (1) year after the date of the mistaken payment; or

(b) the amount was all or part of an Employer Contribution which was conditioned on its deductibility under Code Section 404 and this condition is not

 

72


satisfied, and the amount is returned to the Participating Employer within one (1) year after the date on which the deduction was disallowed;

provided, however, any such excess amounts shall be reduced to the extent there are negative Earnings attributable thereto.

15.9 Conflict. In the event of any conflict between the respective provisions of the Plan and the Trust Agreement relating to the rights, obligations and duties of the Trustee, then the applicable provisions of the Trust Agreement shall control. In all other cases, in the event of any conflict between the Plan and the terms of any contract or agreement issued hereunder or with respect hereto, the Plan shall control.

15.10 Severability. If any provision of the Plan, or the application thereof to any individual or circumstance, is deemed invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of the Plan, or the application of such term or provision to individuals or circumstances other than those as to whom it is held invalid or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each provision of the Plan shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

15.11 Conditional Restatement. This Plan is restated on the express condition that it shall be considered by the Internal Revenue Service as continuing to qualify under Code Sections 401(a), 401(k), 401(m) and 501(a). In the event that the Internal Revenue Service determines that the Plan does not continue to qualify under the Code, then the restatement of the Plan shall be of no force or effect.

 

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DATED as of January 1, 2010 and executed on the 26th day of January, 2011.

 

EXPONENT, INC.

By: /s/ Gregory P. Klein                                               

Title: Vice President, Human Resources

 

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APPENDIX A

GUIDELINES FOR ANNUITY FORMS OF DISTRIBUTION

The provisions of this Appendix A are intended to set forth the guidelines for providing annuities as a form of distribution under the Plan. Annuities shall only be offered to certain Participants (or Surviving Spouses or Beneficiaries thereof, as applicable) to the extent required to comply with Code Section 411(d)(6), as more specifically detailed in the subsequent Appendices.

A.1. Definitions.

For purposes of applying the provisions of the subsequent Appendices (unless specified otherwise), as applicable, the following definitions shall be in effect:

(a) Annuity Contract. “Annuity Contract” means a paid-up, non-transferable annuity contract issued by an insurance company qualified to do business in the State of California. Any annuity benefits to which a Participant (or his or her Surviving Spouse or Beneficiary) is entitled under the Plan shall be provided under an Annuity Contract purchased by the Administrator with the balance credited to the Participant’s Account at the time of such purchase. The amount of such benefit shall be determined in accordance with the annuity purchase rates in effect at the time for the Annuity Contract. The purchase of the Annuity Contract shall be effected immediately prior to the date benefits are to commence under the Plan, and the purchased Annuity Contract shall be distributed to the Participant as soon as administratively feasible.

(b) Annuity Starting Date. “Annuity Starting Date” means the first day of the first period for which an amount is payable as an annuity or, in the case of a benefit not payable in the form of an annuity, the first day on which all the events have occurred which entitle the Participant (or his or her Surviving Spouse or Beneficiary, as applicable) to such benefit.

(c) Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. “Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity” means an annuity for the life of the Participant with a survivor annuity for the remaining life of the Surviving Spouse (or, to the extent provided in a subsequent Appendix, the Beneficiary) equal to a specified percentage of the annuity payable during the joint lives of the Participant and his or her Spouse (or to the extent provided in a subsequent Appendix, the Beneficiary). Such annuity shall be the actuarial equivalent of the balance credited to the Participant’s Account at the time the Annuity Contract is purchased.

(d) Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity. “Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity” means an annuity for the life of the Surviving Spouse of a Participant who dies before his or her Annuity Starting Date which is the actuarial equivalent of the balance credited to the Participant’s Account at the time the Annuity Contract is purchased.

 

A-1


(e) Required Beginning Date. “Required Beginning Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 6.12(a).

(f) Normal Retirement Age. “Normal Retirement Age” shall mean the age specified in Section 2.28.

(g) Straight Life Annuity. “Straight Life Annuity” means an annuity payable for the life of the Participant which is the actuarial equivalent of the balance credited to the Participant’s Account at the time the Annuity Contract is purchased.

A.2. Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity.

(a) Written Explanation. If the balance credited to the Participant’s Account at the time distribution is to commence exceeds Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) (as prescribed in Sections 6.8(b) and (c)), then the Administrator shall furnish to the Participant and his or her Spouse a written explanation of the terms and conditions of the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity, including the circumstances under which it will be provided. In addition, if the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity is the automatic form of distribution, then the written explanation shall also include: (i) the Participant’s right to make, and the effect of, an election to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity; (ii) the rights of the Spouse with respect to such election, including the Spouse’s right to limit his or her consent to a specific Beneficiary or a specific form of benefit; and (iii) the right to revoke an election and the effect of such a revocation. The Administrator shall furnish the written explanation by a method reasonably calculated to reach the attention of the Participant no less than thirty (30) days and no more than one hundred eighty (180) days before the Annuity Starting Date.

(b) Request for Additional Information. After the written explanation of the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity is given, a Participant or his or her Spouse may make a written request for additional information. Upon receipt of the written request for additional information, the Administrator shall provide a written explanation in nontechnical language which will explain the terms and conditions of the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity and the financial effect upon the Participant’s benefit (in terms of dollars per benefit payment) of electing not to have benefits distributed in accordance with the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. The written explanation must be personally delivered or mailed (first class mail, postage prepaid) to the Participant and his/her Spouse within thirty (30) days after the date of the written request. The Administrator need not comply with more than one such request by a Participant or his or her Spouse.

 

A-2


(c) Election to Waive Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. An election to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity shall only be required if such form of distribution is the automatic form, as specified in the subsequent Appendices. Accordingly, to the extent applicable, an election to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity may not be made by the Participant (and if the Participant is married on his or her Annuity Starting Date, the Participant’s Spouse (or, if either the Participant or the Spouse has died, the survivor)) before the date he or she is provided with notice of the ability to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. A Participant’s (and, if applicable, his or her Spouse’s) election to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity can be made during the one hundred eighty (180)-day period ending on the Annuity Starting Date. Spousal consent shall be in the form and manner prescribed in Section A.4(c).

A.3. Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity.

(a) Written Explanation. The Administrator shall furnish to the Participant a written explanation of the following: (i) the terms and conditions of the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity, including the circumstances under which it will be provided; (ii) the Participant’s right to make, and the effect of, an election to waive the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity; (iii) the rights of the Spouse with respect to such election, including the Spouse’s right to limit his or her consent only to a specific Beneficiary; and (iv) the right to make, and the effect of a revocation of an existing election. The Administrator shall furnish the written explanation by a method reasonably calculated to reach the attention of the Participant within the applicable period. The applicable period for a Participant is whichever of the following periods ends last:

(i) the period beginning one (1) year before the date the individual becomes a Participant and ending one (1) year after such date; or

(ii) the period beginning one (1) year before the date the Participant’s Spouse is first entitled to a Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity and ending one (1) year after such date.

If such notice is given before the period beginning with the first day of the Plan Year in which the Participant attains age thirty-two (32) and ending with the close of the Plan Year preceding the Plan Year in which the Participant attains age thirty-five (35), then an additional notice shall be given within such period. If a Participant ceases to be an Employee before attaining age thirty-five (35), then an additional notice shall be given within the period beginning one (1) year before the date the Participant ceases to be an Employee and ending one (1) year after such date.

(b) Request for Additional Information. After the written explanation of the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity is given, a Participant or his or her Spouse may make a written request for additional information. Upon receipt of a timely request for

 

A-3


additional information, the Administrator shall provide a written explanation in nontechnical language which will explain the terms and conditions of the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity and the financial effect upon the Spouse’s benefit (in terms of dollars per benefit payment) of electing not to have benefits distributed in accordance with the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity. The written explanation must be personally delivered or mailed (first class mail, postage prepaid) to the Participant or his or her Spouse within thirty (30) days from the date of the written request. The Administrator need not comply with more than one such request by a Participant or his or her Spouse.

(c) Election to Waive Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity. An election to waive the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity may not be made by the Participant before the date he or she is provided with the notice of the ability to waive the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity. A Participant’s election to waive the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity which is made before the first day of the Plan Year in which he or she reaches age thirty-five (35) shall become invalid on such date. However, an election made by a Participant after he or she ceases to be an Employee will not become invalid on the first day of the Plan Year in which he or she reaches age thirty-five (35) with respect to death benefits payable from his or her Account.

A.4. Election of Optional Forms of Benefit.

(a) Written Explanation. If the balance credited to the Participant’s Account at the time distribution is to commence is in excess of Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000) (as prescribed in Sections 6.8(b) and (c)), then the Administrator shall furnish to the Participant and his or her Spouse a written explanation of the optional forms of retirement benefit provided under the Plan, including (without limitation): (i) the material features and relative values of each automatic and optional form, in a manner which complies with the notice requirements of Code Section 417(a)(3)), and (ii) the right of the Participant and his or her Spouse to defer distribution until the benefit is no longer immediately distributable.

(b) Election. The Administrator shall furnish the written explanation by a method reasonably calculated to reach the attention of the Participant no less than thirty (30) days and no more than one hundred eighty (180) days before the Annuity Starting Date. In addition, if the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity is the automatic form of distribution and if the Participant should, after having received the written explanation of the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity, affirmatively elect a form of distribution other than the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity or the Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity, then the election shall be valid only if the consent requirements of paragraph (c) below are met.

 

A-4


(c) Consent. If the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity is the automatic form of distribution, as specified in any of the subsequent Appendices, then the following consent provisions are applicable:

(i) Requirement of Consent. Any benefit which is immediately distributable or payable in a form other than a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity or a Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity requires the written consent of the Participant and his other Spouse prior to distribution. Spousal consent will not be required if the Participant establishes to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the consent of the Spouse cannot be obtained because there is no Spouse or the Spouse cannot be located. Neither the consent of the Participant nor the Participant’s Spouse shall be required to the extent that a distribution is required to satisfy Code Section 401(a)(9) or 415. A benefit is immediately distributable if any part of the benefit could be distributed to the Participant (or surviving Spouse) before the Participant attains (or would have attained if not deceased) Normal Retirement Age or, if later, age sixty-two (62).

(ii) Form of Consent. The consent of the Participant and, if applicable his or her Spouse must be made in writing and witnessed by a Plan representative or notary public. In the event the Spouse elects to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity and/or Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity, then the Spouse shall have the right to limit such consent only to a specific Beneficiary or a specific form of distribution. The Spouse can relinquish one or both of those rights. The Spouse’s consent must acknowledge the effect of the waiver, including: (A) the Spouse had the right to limit his or her consent only to a specific Beneficiary or, if applicable, to a specific form of benefit; (B) the Spouse voluntarily relinquished one or both of those rights; and (C) the Spouse understands the effect such consent has upon the benefits which would otherwise be payable to him or her under the automatic forms of benefit in effect under the Plan. Unless the consent of the Spouse expressly permits designations by the Participant without a requirement of further consent by that Spouse, the Spouse’s consent shall be limited to the form of benefit, if applicable, and the Beneficiary or Beneficiaries named in the election. A Spouse’s consent shall not be valid with respect to any other Spouse. A Participant may revoke the prior election without his or her Spouse’s consent. However, any new election to receive a distribution in any form other than in an automatic form, as specified in the subsequent Appendices, as applicable, shall require spousal consent unless the Spouse’s consent expressly permits such election by the Participant without further consent by that Spouse. The Spouse’s consent may be revoked at any time within the Participant’s election period.

(iii) Timing of Consent. The consent of the Participant or his or her Spouse to a benefit which is immediately distributable must not be made before the date the Participant and his or her Spouse are provided with the notice of the ability to defer the distribution and the explanation of the optional benefit forms. Not less than thirty (30) days nor more than one hundred eighty (180) days prior to the date specified for distribution, the Participant (and, if applicable, his or her Spouse) shall be provided with written information relating to his or her right to defer such distribution in accordance with the guidelines set forth in this Appendix.

 

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A.5. Special Payment Date. The Participant may elect an Annuity Starting Date which is less than thirty (30) days after the written explanation under Sections A.2 and A.3 is furnished to the Participant and his or her Spouse, provided the following requirements are met: (i) the Administrator provides information to the Participant clearly indicating that the Participant has a right to at least a thirty (30)-day period in which to consider whether to waive the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity and consent to another form of distribution; (ii) the Participant is permitted to revoke an affirmative distribution election at least until the Annuity Starting Date or, if later, at any time prior to the expiration of the seven (7) day period beginning with the day after the explanation of the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity is provided to the Participant; (iii) the Annuity Starting Date must be a date after the date that the explanation is provided to the Participant, but may be a date before the date that an affirmative distribution election is made by the Participant; and (iv) the distribution must not actually commence before the expiration of the foregoing seven (7)-day period.

A.6. Spousal Consent. All distributions from Plan Accounts that may be made pursuant to one or more of the distributable events in Sections 6.9 through 6.19 and the applicable Appendices are subject to the Spousal Consent requirements contained in Code Sections 411(a)(11) and 417.

 

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APPENDIX B

FORM OF BENEFIT DISTRIBUTIONS FOR PARTICIPANTS COMMENCING

PARTICIPATION BEFORE JANUARY 2, 1999

The provisions of this Appendix B shall apply only to those Participants who had an Account under the Plan before January 2, 1999, and shall, as supplemented by Article VI and Appendix A, govern all distributions made to those Participants (or their Surviving Spouses or Beneficiaries) from any Account maintained on their behalf under the Plan, whether before, on, or after January 2, 1999. Except for such Participants and Participants specified in the subsequent Appendices, no other Participants (or Surviving Spouses or Beneficiaries thereof) who begin participating in the Plan after January 1, 1999, shall be entitled to any of the benefit distribution forms provided under this Appendix B.

B.1. Automatic Form of Distribution. The automatic form of distribution for any Participant (or his or her Surviving Spouse or Beneficiaries) who had an Account under the Plan before January 2, 1999 (other than as set forth in the subsequent Appendices) shall be a single lump sum payment.

B.2. Optional Forms of Distribution. In lieu of the automatic form of distribution provided under Section B.1 above, the Participant may, subject to certain of the requirements of Sections A.2 through A.4, elect to receive the benefit distribution in any of the following optional forms:

(a) Qualified Joint and 50% Survivor Annuity for any Participant and his or her Beneficiary;

(b) Qualified Joint and 75% Survivor Annuity for any Participant and his or her Beneficiary;

(c) Qualified Joint and 100% Survivor Annuity for any Participant and his or her Beneficiary; or

(d) an Annuity Contract providing for a series of periodic cash payments over a period certain of either five (5), ten (10) or fifteen (15) years, as specified, that does not extend beyond the Participant’s Life Expectancy; provided, however, if the Participant dies before the expiration of the period certain, payments shall continue for such period to the Participant’s Beneficiary.

For purposes of this Appendix B, “Life Expectancy” shall not be re-calculated after the date that payment first commences.

 

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APPENDIX C

MERGER OF PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGIES, INC. SAVINGS PLAN

The Performance Technologies, Incorporated Savings Plan (the “PTI Plan”) was merged with and into the Exponent, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan (the “Exponent Plan”), effective on or about May 1, 1999 (the “Merger Date”). The merger of the PTI Plan and the Exponent Plan was effected in accordance with the following provisions:

C.1. Transfer of Account Balances. The outstanding account balances under the PTI Plan were transferred to the Exponent Plan through a direct transfer from the trust for the PTI Plan to the Trust for the Exponent Plan, effected on the Merger Date.

C.2. Amount of Account Balance. The account balance credited to each individual under the PTI Plan immediately prior to the Merger Date was credited to the Account maintained for such individual under the Exponent Plan immediately after the Merger Date. Accordingly, the Account balance maintained under the Exponent Plan for each individual who was a participant in the PTI Plan on the Merger Date was, immediately after the Merger Date, credited with a dollar amount equal to that individual’s account balance under the PTI Plan immediately prior to the Merger Date.

C.3. Investment of Account Balance. The account balances transferred from the PTI Plan to the Exponent Plan were invested in accordance with each Participant’s new investment directive. In the absence of such directives, the transferred account balances were invested in such fund(s) as the Administrator deemed appropriate.

C.4. Service Credit. Each Participant in the Exponent Plan shall, for eligibility and vesting purposes under the Exponent Plan, be credited with all Service credited to such Participant for eligibility and vesting purposes under the PTI Plan immediately prior to the Merger Date.

C.5. Vesting. The matching and discretionary contributions made by PTI on behalf of participants who held account balances in the PTI Plan as of the Merger Date (“PTI Participants”), and who terminated employment with the Employer prior to December 31, 1998, shall be subject to the following vesting schedule:

 

Years of Service

   Vested Percentage  

Less than 1 year

     0

1 year but less than 2 years

     20

2 years but less than 3 years

     40

3 years but less than 4 years

     60

4 years but less than 5 years

     80

5 years or more

     100

 

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C.6. Protected Benefits. The terms and provisions of the Exponent Plan shall govern the rights, benefits and entitlements of all Participants and any other individuals who have an interest in any Account under the surviving Exponent Plan. The terms and provisions of the PTI Plan shall, as of the Merger Date, be extinguished and cease to have any force or effect. However, any benefits accrued under the PTI Plan prior to the Merger Date shall, to the extent those benefits are protected benefits under Code Section 411(d)(6) (the “Protected Benefits”), be preserved under the Exponent Plan and shall not in any way be affected, reduced or eliminated as a result of the merger of the PTI Plan with and into the Exponent Plan. The Protected Benefits for PTI Participants who held account balances in the PTI Plan as of the Merger Date shall include (without limitation) the following:

(a) The automatic form of benefit distribution for a PTI Participant who has a Spouse on, and does not die before, his or her Annuity Starting Date shall be a Qualified Joint and 50% Survivor Annuity with installment refund.

(b) The automatic form of benefit distribution for a PTI Participant who has a Spouse on, and dies before, his or her Annuity Starting Date shall be a Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity with installment refund. The Surviving Spouse may elect to have such benefit commence at any time prior to the date the Participant would have attained age seventy and one-half (70 1/2) and may also elect to receive the actuarial equivalent of such benefit in any of the optional forms specified in this Section. If the Spouse dies before commencement of the benefit distribution, the Spouse’s Beneficiary shall receive the benefit distribution.

(c) The automatic form of benefit distribution for any Participant who is not married on, and does not die before, his or her Annuity Starting Date is a Straight Life Annuity with installment refund.

(d) The automatic form of benefit distribution for any unmarried Participant who dies before his or her Annuity Starting Date is a single lump sum payment to the PTI Participant’s Beneficiary.

(e) In addition to the optional forms of benefit distributions specified in Section B.2 of Appendix B, the following optional forms of benefit distributions shall be offered to each PTI Participant on his or her Beneficiary, if applicable; provided, however, option (ix) is not available to any Beneficiary:

(i) Straight Life Annuity;

(ii) Straight Life Annuity with a period certain of five (5) years;

(iii) Straight Life Annuity with a period certain of ten (10) years;

 

C-2


(iv) Straight Life Annuity with a period certain of fifteen (15) years;

(v) Straight Life Annuity with an installment refund;

(vi) Qualified Joint and 50% Survivor Annuity for any Participant and his or her Beneficiary with installment refund;

(vii) Qualified Joint and 100% Survivor Annuity for any Participant and his or her Beneficiary with installment refund;

(viii) an Annuity Contract for any fixed period of whole months which is not less than sixty (60) and does not exceed the Joint and Last Survivor Life Expectancy of the Participant and his or her Beneficiary; provided, however, that the Joint and Last Survivor Life Expectancy shall not be recalculated;

(ix) a series of substantially-equal annual installments with any balance outstanding at the Participant’s death payable to his or her Beneficiary in a single lump sum (if the Participant elects this option he or she may later elect any other option available hereunder);

(x) a single lump sum; or

(xi) a Qualified Joint and 75% Survivor Annuity for any Participant and his or her Beneficiary with installment refund.

(f) For purposes of determining when a PTI Participant is eligible for “Early Retirement,” “Early Retirement” means the first day of the month after the PTI Participant elects Early Retirement, ceases to be an Employee, and has attained age fifty-five (55).

(g) For purposes of defining “Disability” under the Exponent Plan, “Disability” means that a PTI Participant is disabled as a result of sickness or injury to the extent that he or she is prevented from engaging in any substantial gainful activity, and is eligible for and receives a disability under Title II of the Federal Social Security Act.

(h) For purposes of defining “Spouse” or “Surviving Spouse” under the Exponent Plan, “Spouse” or “Surviving Spouse” means the spouse or surviving spouse who has been continuously married to the Participant throughout the one (1)-year period ending on the date of the Participant’s death; provided, however, that a former spouse shall be treated as the spouse or surviving spouse to the extent provided under a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, as described in Section 7.7.

(i) “Joint and Last Survivor Life Expectancy” means the joint and last survivor life expectancy calculated for the Participant and his or her Spouse or Beneficiary in accordance with the expected return multiples in Table VI of Regulation Section 1.72-9.

 

C-3


Unless otherwise elected by the Participant (or, if applicable, his or her Spouse) prior to the time the distribution of benefits is required to begin under the Plan, life expectancies shall be recalculated annually. Such election shall be irrevocable as to the Participant (and his or her Spouse or Beneficiary, if applicable) and shall apply to all subsequent years. However, the life expectancy of a non-spouse Beneficiary shall not be recalculated

 

C-4


APPENDIX D

MERGER OF THE EXPONENT, INC. EMPLOYEE PENSION PLAN

The Exponent, Inc. Employee Pension Plan (the “Pension Plan”) was merged with and into the Exponent, Inc. 401(k) Savings Plan (the “Exponent Plan”), effective on or about May 1, 1999 (the “Merger Date”). The merger of the Pension Plan and the Exponent Plan was effected in accordance with the following provisions:

D.1. Transfer of Account Balances. The outstanding account balances under the Pension Plan were transferred to the Exponent Plan through a direct transfer from the trust for the Pension Plan to the Trust for the Exponent Plan, effected on the Merger Date.

D.2. Amount of Account Balance. The account balance credited to each individual under the Pension Plan (“Pension Participant”) immediately prior to the Merger Date was credited to the Account maintained for such individual under the Exponent Plan immediately after the Merger Date. Accordingly, the Account maintained under the Exponent Plan for each individual who was a Pension Participant on the Merger Date was, immediately after the Merger Date, credited with a dollar amount equal to that individual’s account balance under the Pension Plan immediately prior to the Merger Date.

D.3. Investment of Account Balance. The account balances transferred from the Pension Plan to the Exponent Plan were invested in accordance with each Participant’s new investment directive. In the absence of such directives, the transferred account balances were invested in such fund(s) as the Administrator deems appropriate.

D.4. Service Credit. Each Participant in the Exponent Plan shall, for eligibility and vesting purposes under the Exponent Plan, be credited with all Service credited to such Participant for eligibility and vesting purposes under the Pension Plan immediately prior to the Merger Date.

D.5. Protected Benefits. The terms and provisions of the Exponent Plan shall govern the rights, benefits and entitlements of all Participants and any other individuals who have an interest in any Account under the surviving Exponent Plan. The terms and provisions of the Pension Plan shall, as of the Merger Date, be extinguished and cease to have any force or effect. However, any benefits accrued under the Pension Plan prior to the Merger Date shall, to the extent those benefits are protected benefits under Code Section 411(d)(6) (the “Protected Benefits”), be preserved under the Exponent Plan and shall not in any way be affected, reduced or eliminated as a result of the merger of the Pension Plan with and into the Exponent Plan. The Protected Benefits for Pension Participants who held account balances in the Pension Plan as of the Merger Date shall include (without limitation) the following:

(a) The automatic form of benefit distribution for a Pension Participant who has a Spouse on, and does not die before, his or her Annuity Starting Date shall be a Qualified Joint and 50% Survivor Annuity;

 

D-1


(b) The automatic form of benefit distribution for a Pension Participant who has a Spouse on, and dies before, his or her Annuity Starting Date shall be a Qualified Preretirement Survivor Annuity. The Surviving Spouse may elect to have such benefit commence at any time prior to the date the Participant would have attained age seventy and one-half (70 1/2) and may also elect to receive the actuarial equivalent of such benefit in any of the optional forms as specified in this Section;

(c) The automatic form of benefit distribution for any Participant who is not married on, and does not die before, his or her Annuity Starting is a Straight Life Annuity; and

(d) In addition to the optional forms of benefit distributions specified in Section B.2, the following optional form of benefit distribution shall be offered to Pension Participants:

(i) a single lump sum payment;

(ii) an Annuity Contract payable in substantially-equal annual payments over the life of the Participant;

(iii) an Annuity Contract payable in substantially-equal annual payments over the life of the Participant and his or her Beneficiary;

(iv) an Annuity Contract payable in substantially-equal annual payments which shall not exceed the Life Expectancy of the Participant;

(v) an Annuity Contract payable in substantially-equal annual payments which shall not exceed the Joint and Last Survivor Life Expectancy of the Participant and his or her Beneficiary;

(vi) a Qualified Joint and 100% Survivor Annuity (available only for a Participant who has a Spouse and does not die before his or her Annuity Starting Date); or

(vii) a Qualified Joint and 75% Survivor Annuity (available only for a Participant who has a Spouse and does not die before his or her Annuity Starting Date).

(e) For purposes of defining “Disability” under the Exponent Plan, “Disability” means the inability to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or to be of long-continued and indefinite duration. Disability shall be determined by the Administrator, after consideration of such evidence as it may require, including reports of such physician or physicians as it may designate.

 

D-2


D.6. FaAA Protected Benefits. Effective as of December 30, 1994, the FaAA Plan was merged with and into the Pension Plan. Therefore, in addition to those benefits described above, the following Protected Benefit exists for Participants who held account balances in the FaAA Plan as of the FaAA Merger Date (the “FaAA Participants”). The Administrator shall authorize, upon the request of a FaAA Participant, a withdrawal by such FaAA Participant of all or any part of his or her Account balance under the Exponent Plan that is attributable to the balance of such Account as a result of the merger of the FaAA Plan Voluntary Contribution Account into the Pension Plan, and subsequently, into the Exponent Plan.

D.7. In-Service Withdrawals Prohibited. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan or any Appendices to the contrary, to the extent any distribution is otherwise permitted under the Plan prior to the Participant’s Normal Retirement, death, Disability, or severance from employment, and prior to the termination of the Plan, the Participant shall not receive a distribution until such time as the Participant incurs a distributable event with respect to his or her FaAA Plan Account and/or Pension Plan Account (and Earnings thereon) within the meaning of Code Section 414(1).

 

D-3

EX-21.1 3 dex211.htm LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES List of subsidiaries

Exhibit 21.1

SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY

 

Subsidiary

  

State or Other Jurisdiction

of Incorporation or

Incorporation or Organization

Exponent B.V.    Netherlands
Exponent Realty LLC    Delaware
Exponent International Ltd.    United Kingdom
Exponent Science and Technology   

Consulting (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.

   China
EX-23.1 4 dex231.htm CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors

Exponent, Inc.:

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statement (Nos. 33-38479, 33-46054, 33-72510, 33-79368, 333-31830, 333-67806, 333-99243, 333-106105, 333-117108, 333-128141, 333-138618, 333-151238) on Form S-8 of Exponent, Inc. of our report dated February 25, 2011, with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of Exponent, Inc. as of December 31, 2010 and January 1, 2010, and related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2010, and related financial statement schedule and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, which report appears in the December 31, 2010 annual report on Form 10-K of Exponent, Inc.

/s/ KPMG LLP

San Francisco, California

February 25, 2011

EX-31.1 5 dex311.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Paul R. Johnston, Ph.D., certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Exponent, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  (a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  (b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  (c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  (d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

 

  (a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  (b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 25, 2011

 

/s/ Paul R. Johnston

Paul R. Johnston, Ph.D.
Chief Executive Officer and President
EX-31.2 6 dex312.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13A-14(A) Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Richard L. Schlenker, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Exponent, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  (a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  (b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  (c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  (d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent function):

 

  (a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  (b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: February 25, 2011

 

/s/ Richard L. Schlenker

Richard L. Schlenker
Chief Financial Officer
EX-32.1 7 dex321.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Exponent, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2010 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Paul R. Johnston, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

February 25, 2011

 

/s/ Paul R. Johnston

Paul, R. Johnston, Ph.D.
Chief Executive Officer and President
EX-32.2 8 dex322.htm CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350 Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Exponent, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2010 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Richard L. Schlenker, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

February 25, 2011

 

/s/ Richard L. Schlenker

Richard L. Schlenker
Chief Financial Officer
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-----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----