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Short-Duration Insurance Contracts (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]  
Schedule of Reconciliation of Property and Casualty Unpaid Claims and Claim Expenses
The following table is a summary reconciliation of the beginning and ending Property & Casualty unpaid claims and claim expense reserves for the periods indicated. The table presents reserves on both a gross and net (after reinsurance) basis. The total net Property & Casualty insurance claims and claim expense incurred amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The end of the year gross reserve (before reinsurance balances and reinsurance recoverable balances) are reflected on a gross basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
($ in millions)Years Ended December 31,
202320222021
Property & Casualty
Gross reserves, beginning of year$388.7 $362.4 $372.2 
Less: reinsurance recoverables100.8 110.3 112.9 
Net reserves, beginning of year(1)
287.9 252.1 259.3 
Incurred claims and claim expenses:
Claims occurring in the current year557.0 512.3 455.1 
Increase (decrease) in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior years(2)
— 22.0 (7.2)
Total claims and claim expenses incurred557.0 534.3 447.9 
Claims and claim expense payments for claims occurring during:
Current year
353.1 320.0 307.1 
Prior years
179.0 178.5 148.0 
Total claims and claim expense payments
532.1 498.5 455.1 
Net reserves, end of year312.8 287.9 252.1 
Plus: reinsurance recoverables104.0 100.8 110.3 
Gross reserves, end of year$416.8 $388.7 $362.4 
(1)    Reserves are net of anticipated reinsurance recoverables.
(2)    Shows the amounts by which the Company increased (decreased) its reserves in each of the periods indicated for claims occurring in previous periods to reflect subsequent information on such claims and changes in their projected final settlement costs. Also, refer to the paragraphs below for additional information regarding prior years' reserve development recognized in 2023, 2022 and 2021.
The following table is a summary reconciliation of the beginning and ending Group Benefits unpaid claims and claim expense reserves for the year ended December 31, 2023 (2022 recast for adoption of LDTI). The table presents reserves on both a gross and net (after reinsurance). The total net Group Benefits insurance claims and claim expense incurred amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The end of the year gross reserve (before reinsurance balances and reinsurance recoverable balances) are reflected on a gross basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
($ in millions)Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Group Benefits
Gross reserves, beginning of year$121.6 $125.4 
Less: reinsurance recoverables27.9 28.5 
Net reserves, beginning of year(1)
93.7 96.9 
Incurred claims and claim expenses:
Claims occurring in the current year73.6 77.7 
Increase (decrease) in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior years(2)
(13.9)(10.9)
Total claims and claim expenses incurred59.7 66.8 
Claims and claim expense payments for claims occurring during:
Current year
33.8 35.0 
Prior years
30.7 35.0 
Total claims and claim expense payments
64.5 70.0 
Net reserves, end of year88.9 93.7 
Plus: reinsurance recoverables27.7 27.9 
Gross reserves, end of year$116.6 $121.6 
(1)    Reserves are net of anticipated reinsurance recoverables.
(2)    Shows the amounts by which the Company increased (decreased) its reserves for claims occurring in previous periods to reflect subsequent information on such claims and changes in their projected final settlement costs. Also, refer to the paragraphs below for additional information regarding prior years' reserve development recognized in 2023.
Schedule of Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Also Referred to as a History of Claims Duration
Below is the average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age, also referred to as a history of claims duration:
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
Homeowners78.8 %18.1 %2.2 %0.5 %0.3 %— — — 0.1 %—
Auto liability37.1 %35.1 %14.7 %6.9 %3.4 %1.6 %0.6 %0.2 %0.4 %—
Auto physical damage94.7 %5.3 %— — — — — — — —
Below is the average annual percentage payout of incurred claims by age for Group Benefits, also referred to as a history of claims duration:
Average Annual Percentage Payout of Incurred Claims by Age, Net of Reinsurance
Years1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 910
Specialty health74.1 %24.5 %0.9 %0.2 %0.2 %0.1 %— — — — 
Group disability29.3 %32.4 %9.7 %4.0 %3.4 %3.1 %3.0 %2.5 %2.1 %1.8 %
The information about incurred and paid claims development for the years ended December 31, 2014 to 2022 is presented as unaudited supplementary information.
($ in millions)
Specialty Health 
Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance
Years Ended December 31,
As of December 31, 2023
Total of Incurred-
But-Not-Reported
Liabilities Plus
Expected Development
on Reported Claims		Cumulative
Number of
Reported Claims
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
(Actual)
2014$59.6 $56.3 $55.9 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $— 337,987 
2015 33.3 30.9 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.4 — 183,433 
2016  12.5 11.2 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 — 67,274 
2017   10.6 9.7 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 — 63,492 
2018    12.9 13.2 13.0 12.7 12.6 12.6 — 95,218 
2019     10.6 9.5 9.6 9.5 9.5 — 72,754 
2020      6.8 5.8 5.7 5.7 — 43,609 
2021       22.8 17.7 16.1 2.4 72,407 
2022        22.6 18.0 1.3 120,965 
2023         16.0 7.1 79,654 
         Total$185.0   
($ in millions)
Specialty Health  
Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance  
Years Ended December 31,  
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited  
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023  
2014$43.4 $54.9 $55.4 $55.7 $55.9 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0 $56.0   
2015 24.9 30.4 30.3 30.3 30.3 30.4 30.4 30.4 30.4   
2016  5.5 11.0 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1 11.1   
2017   7.3 9.4 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6   
2018    8.8 12.1 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.6   
2019     7.5 9.3 9.5 9.5 9.5   
2020      4.2 5.6 5.7 5.7   
2021       2.9 12.9 13.7   
2022        10.5 16.7   
2023         8.8   
        Total174.1   
Outstanding prior to 2014
— 
        Prior years paid—   
Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance$10.9 
($ in millions)
Group Disability 
Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance
Years Ended December 31,
As of December 31, 2023
Total of Incurred-
But-Not-Reported
Liabilities Plus
Expected Development
on Reported Claims		Cumulative
Number of
Reported Claims
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
(Actual)
2014$16.3 $13.3 $14.8 $14.4 $14.3 $14.5 $14.7 $14.3 $14.6 $14.5 $— 2,863 
2015 25.3 19.2 16.6 14.7 14.6 15.2 15.2 14.7 14.5 — 3,347 
2016  28.5 28.6 27.4 26.0 26.3 26.8 28.1 28.1 0.7 3,618 
2017   29.9 26.0 22.9 22.4 23.3 24.0 23.1 0.1 3,904 
2018    29.8 26.6 23.2 22.7 23.3 23.6 0.3 4,171 
2019     34.5 33.5 30.2 29.9 30.2 0.5 4,549 
2020      36.7 34.3 34.1 33.2 0.6 4,343 
2021       37.8 41.3 41.3 2.0 5,109 
2022        39.2 32.0 (0.5)4,349 
2023           40.3 13.2 3,510 
         Total$280.8   
($ in millions)
Group Disability  
Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance  
Years Ended December 31,  
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited  
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023  
2014$3.7 $8.5 $9.9 $10.6 $11.1 $11.7 $12.1 $12.4 $12.7 $12.9   
2015 6.8 14.0 16.6 17.2 17.6 18.1 18.6 18.9 19.1   
2016  8.3 16.4 19.3 20.3 21.1 21.8 22.4 22.9   
2017   8.5 16.1 17.9 18.3 18.9 19.4 19.7   
2018    8.4 16.1 18.0 18.9 19.6 20.1   
2019     11.8 22.8 24.3 24.7 25.2   
2020      12.4 22.7 25.5 26.4   
2021       11.8 24.0 26.7   
2022        11.7 21.4   
2023         12.2   
        Total206.6   
Outstanding prior to 2014
9.0 
        Prior years paid100.3   
Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance$83.2 
Effect of discounting(14.0)
Discounted net reserves $69.2 
Schedule of Short-Duration Insurance Contracts, Claims Development
The following tables illustrate the incurred and paid claims development by accident year on a net basis for the lines of homeowners, auto liability and auto physical damage. Conditions and trends that have affected the development of these reserves in the past will not necessarily reoccur in the future. It may not be appropriate to use this cumulative history in the projection of future performance.
The information about incurred and paid claims development for the years ended December 31, 2014 to 2022 is presented as unaudited supplementary information.
($ in millions)
Homeowners 
Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance
Years Ended December 31,As of December 31, 2023
Total of Incurred-
But-Not-Reported
Liabilities Plus
Expected Development
on Reported Claims		Cumulative
Number of
Reported Claims
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
(Actual)
2014$111.6 $113.5 $109.1 $106.8 $106.6 $106.6 $106.4 $106.4 $106.4 $106.4 $— 19,777 
2015 111.7 115.1 114.4 114.1 115.1 114.9 114.9 114.9 114.9 — 19,745 
2016  115.9 118.6 117.0 117.9 117.9 117.9 118.1 118.1 — 19,662 
2017   126.3 129.8 132.7 130.7 130.8 130.8 131.3 0.3 19,741 
2018    166.8 157.4 158.9 158.1 157.2 156.0 0.5 20,296 
2019     130.4 129.9 132.1 130.9 131.1 0.3 18,114 
2020      155.7 151.9 145.4 146.9 0.7 18,906 
2021       150.2 150.7 154.3 1.9 18,056 
2022        162.2 156.2 8.4 15,036 
2023         183.1 38.8 14,655 
         Total$1,398.3   
($ in millions)
Homeowners  
Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance  
Years Ended December 31,  
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited  
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023  
2014$83.3 $103.0 $105.7 $106.1 $106.3 $106.4 $106.4 $106.4 $106.4 $106.4   
2015 90.7 109.3 111.9 113.3 114.6 114.9 114.7 114.7 114.9   
2016  95.8 113.2 115.1 117.5 117.7 117.8 118.0 118.1   
2017   106.8 128.5 129.8 130.0 130.5 130.7 131.2   
2018    130.5 152.4 157.0 157.4 157.2 156.2   
2019     103.8 126.2 129.1 130.0 130.4   
2020      106.8 138.7 144.0 145.6   
2021       114.9 146.3 151.0   
2022        108.3 144.8   
2023         126.3   
        Total1,324.9   
Outstanding prior to 2013— 
        Prior years paid—   
Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance$73.4 
($ in millions)
Automobile Liability 
Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance 
Years Ended December 31,As of December 31, 2023
Total of Incurred-
But-Not-Reported
Liabilities Plus
Expected Development
on Reported Claims		Cumulative
Number of
Reported Claims
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
(Actual)
2014$155.1 $157.2 $158.5 $159.9 $159.8 $159.4 $159.3 $159.4 $160.0 $160.1 $— 64,648 
2015 165.5 172.6 177.0 178.3 178.7 179.2 178.9 178.8 178.9 — 68,626 
2016  180.4 184.4 184.6 186.6 188.1 189.2 189.6 189.5 0.1 70,684 
2017   188.0 188.8 188.6 189.1 191.7 192.9 192.5 0.3 68,371 
2018    200.3 195.3 192.9 189.8 192.0 192.3 1.1 35,394 
2019     181.1 180.1 176.7 181.5 181.2 3.0 61,879 
2020      137.0 134.9 136.3 137.3 4.7 46,934 
2021       142.2 157.8 156.7 11.5 45,005 
2022        165.6 166.1 26.9 46,104 
2023         176.4 70.0 42,198 
         Total$1,731.0   
($ in millions)
Automobile Liability  
Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance  
Years Ended December 31,  
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited  
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023  
2014$61.3 $117.5 $139.5 $149.1 $155.8 $157.6 $158.6 $158.8 $160.0 $160.0   
2015 70.8 134.5 158.0 170.1 174.5 176.7 177.7 178.3 178.6   
2016  73.1 140.9 166.8 177.8 184.5 188.1 189.0 189.4   
2017   70.7 139.5 166.6 179.8 185.8 190.8 191.8   
2018    77.5 141.5 168.6 180.7 188.0 190.6   
2019     69.7 129.1 155.5 170.9 176.2   
2020      51.5 94.0 118.2 129.2   
2021       52.9 112.5 136.5   
2022        55.8 116.7   
2023         62.2   
        Total1,531.2   
Outstanding prior to 20131.1 
        Prior years paid—   
Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance$200.9 
($ in millions)
Automobile Physical Damage 
Incurred Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance 
Years Ended December 31,As of December 31, 2023
Total of Incurred-
But-Not-Reported
Liabilities Plus
Expected Development
on Reported Claims		Cumulative
Number of
Reported Claims
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023
(Actual)
2014$95.6 $95.6 $95.4 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $— 68,139 
2015 99.3 98.0 97.6 97.5 97.6 97.6 97.6 97.6 97.6 — 70,685 
2016  112.4 109.5 109.3 109.6 109.6 109.5 109.5 109.6 — 74,209 
2017   115.5 111.8 110.5 110.6 110.5 110.6 110.6 — 73,998 
2018    109.0 108.9 108.3 108.3 108.2 108.3 — 72,833 
2019     111.6 110.5 110.0 110.0 109.9 (0.1)73,128 
2020      87.0 86.9 87.1 87.0 (0.3)62,044 
2021       105.0 105.7 105.1 (0.4)58,080 
2022        125.7 125.5 0.9 59,353 
2023         132.4 (6.0)58,167 
         Total$1,081.2   
($ in millions)
Automobile Physical Damage  
Cumulative Paid Claims and Allocated Claim Adjustment Expense, Net of Reinsurance  
Years Ended December 31,  
AccidentUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnauditedUnaudited  
Year2014201520162017201820192020202120222023  
2014$88.9 $95.4 $95.3 $95.3 $95.3 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2 $95.2   
2015 92.1 97.9 97.7 97.6 97.6 97.6 97.6 97.6 97.6   
2016 106.5 109.7 109.5 109.6 109.6 109.6 109.5 109.5   
2017 105.2 110.8 110.7 110.6 110.6 110.6 110.6   
2018 103.6 109.1 108.3 108.3 108.2 108.2   
2019 106.2 110.7 110.1 110.1 110.1   
2020 84.1 87.6 87.4 87.3   
2021 97.3 105.8 105.4   
2022 114.6 124.3   
2023 122.0   
        Total1,070.2   
Outstanding prior to 2013— 
Prior years paid— 
Liabilities for claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance$11.0 
Schedule of Reconciliation of the Net Incurred and Paid Claims Development Tables to the Liability for Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses
Reconciliation of Net Incurred and Paid Claims Development Tables for Property & Casualty and Group Benefits to Unpaid Claims and Claim Expense Reserves in the Consolidated Balance Sheet (2022 recast for the adoption of LDTI)
($ in millions)Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Property & Casualty and Group Benefits
Net reserves
Homeowners$73.4 $61.0 
Auto liability200.9192.5 
Auto physical damage11.010.6 
Specialty health10.916.9 
Group disability83.269.0 
Other than short duration lines
11.010.5 
Total net reserves for unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance390.4 360.5 
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims
Homeowners2.2 (4.4)
Auto liability96.697.6 
Specialty health0.20.2 
Group disability25.025.6 
Other short duration lines14.920.0 
Total reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims138.9 139.0 
Insurance lines other than short duration(1)
41.143.5 
Unallocated claims adjustment expenses11.321.0 
Total other than short duration and unallocated claims adjustment expenses52.4 64.5 
Gross reserves, end of year(1)
$581.7 $564.0 
(1)    This line includes Life & Retirement and Supplemental reserves included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.