Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ADM Tronics Unlimited, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary Sonotron (the “Company”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

USE OF ESTIMATES

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and, accordingly, require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Significant estimates made by management include expected economic life and value of our deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance, write down of inventory, impairment of long lived assets, allowance for doubtful accounts, and warranty reserves. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block]

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their relatively short maturities.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash equivalents are comprised of certain highly liquid investments with original maturities of

three

months or less when purchased. We maintain our cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times,

may

exceed federally insured limits. We have

not

experienced any losses to date as a result of this policy. Cash and cash equivalents held in these accounts are currently insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) up to a maximum of

$250,000

per institution. At

March 31, 2019,

approximately

$1,390,000

exceeded the FDIC limit.

Receivable [Policy Text Block]

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL ACCOUNTS

Accounts receivable are stated at the amount management expects to collect from outstanding balances. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable is reduced by a valuation allowance that reflects management's best estimate of the amounts that will

not

be collected. Management individually reviews all accounts receivable balances that exceed the due date and estimates the portion, if any, of the balance that will

not

be collected. Management provides for probable uncollectible amounts through a charge to expenses and a credit to a valuation allowance, based on its assessment of the current status of individual accounts. Balances that are still outstanding after management has used reasonable collection efforts are written off through a charge to the valuation allowance and a credit to accounts receivable. Allowance for doubtful accounts was increased for the fiscal year ended

March 31, 2019

$160,000,

up from

$125,000

March 31, 2018.

Revenue [Policy Text Block]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

ELECTRONICS:

We recognize revenue from the sale of our electronic products when they are shipped to the purchaser. We offer a limited

-day warranty on our electronics products and contract manufacturing and a limited

-year warranty on our electronic controllers for spas and hot tubs. Historically, the amount of warranty revenue included in sales of our electronic products have been de minimus. We have

other post shipment obligations. Based on prior experience,

amounts have been accrued for potential warranty costs and actual costs were less than

$2,000,

for each of the fiscal years ended

March 31, 2019

and

2018.

For contract manufacturing, revenues are recognized after shipment of the completed products.

CHEMICAL PRODUCTS:

Revenues are recognized when products are shipped to end users. Shipments to distributors are recognized as revenue when

right of return exists.

ENGINEERING SERVICES

We provide certain engineering services, including research, development, quality control and quality assurance services along with regulatory compliance services. We recognize revenue from engineering services on a monthly basis over time as the applicable performance obligations are satisfied.

All revenue is recognized net of discounts.

Guarantees, Indemnifications and Warranties Policies [Policy Text Block]

WARRANTY LIABILITIES

The Company’s provision for estimated future warranty costs is based upon historical relationship of warranty claims to sales. Based upon historical experience, the Company has concluded that

warranty liability is required as of the consolidated balance sheet dates. However, the Company periodically reviews the adequacy of its product warranties and will record an accrued warranty reserve if necessary.

Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]

INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (

first

-in,

first

-out method) and net realizable value. Inventories that are expected to be sold within

one

operating cycle (

year) are classified as a current asset. Inventories that are

not

expected to be sold within

year, based on historical trends, are classified as Inventories - long term portion. Obsolete inventory is written off annually based on prior and expected future usage.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

We record our property and equipment at historical cost. We expense maintenance and repairs as incurred. Depreciation is provided for by the straight-line method over

five

seven

years, the estimated useful lives of the property and equipment.

Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount

may

not

be recoverable. In reviewing for impairment, the Company compares the carrying value of the relevant asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. When the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than their carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the difference between the assets’ fair value and its carrying value.

Advertising Cost [Policy Text Block]

ADVERTISING COSTS

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and amounted to

$59,877

and

$62,297

for the fiscal years ended

March 31, 2019

and

2018,

respectively.

Shipping And Handling Costs [Policy Text Block]

SHIPPING AND HANDLING COSTS

Shipping and handling costs incurred for the years ended

March 31, 2019

and

2018

were approximately

$3,754

and

$2,904,

respectively. Such costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

INCOME TAXES

We report the results of our operations as part of a consolidated Federal tax return with our subsidiary. Deferred income taxes result primarily from temporary differences between financial and tax reporting. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement bases and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce a deferred tax asset to that portion that is expected to more likely than

not

be realized.

The Company has adopted the authoritative accounting guidance with respect to accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, which clarified the accounting and disclosures for uncertain tax positions related to income taxes recognized in the consolidated financial statements and addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the consolidated financial statements. The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than

not

sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-

not

threshold, the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than

percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

The Company files income tax returns in several jurisdictions. The Company’s tax returns remain subject to examination, by major jurisdiction, for the years ended

March 31,

as follows:

Jurisdiction	Fiscal Year
Federal	2014 and beyond
New Jersey	2013 and beyond

There are currently

tax years under examination by any major tax jurisdictions.

The Company will recognize interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. As of

March 31, 2019

and

2018,

the Company has

accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

NET EARNINGS PER SHARE

We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income/loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed similar to basic earnings per share, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential shares had been issued and if the additional shares were dilutive. Common equivalent shares are excluded from the computation of net earnings per share if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Per share basic and diluted income (loss) amounted to $(

0.01

) and

$0.00

for the fiscal years ended

March 31, 2019

and

2018,

respectively.

Reclassification, Policy [Policy Text Block]

RECLASSIFICATION

Certain items in the prior financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

February 2016,

the FASB issued ASU

2016

02,

Leases (Topic

842

), which is intended to improve financial reporting for lease transactions. This ASU will require organizations that lease assets, such as real estate and manufacturing equipment, to recognize both assets and liabilities on their balance sheet for the rights to use those assets for the lease term and obligations to make the lease payments created by those leases that have terms of greater than

months. The recognition, measurement, and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily will depend on its classification as finance or operating lease. This ASU will also require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount and timing of cash flows arising from leases. These disclosures will include qualitative and quantitative requirements, providing additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements. The Company has adopted this amendment in

April

2019.

Under the new standard, the most significant change is the requirement of balance sheet recognition of right of use assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases. We adopted the new accounting standard in accordance with ASU

2018

11,

which amended ASC

842

to provide transition relief by providing entities the ability to

not

recast their comparative periods in transition, therefore,

adjustments were made to our prior period financial statements. We have elected the package of practical expedients for transition which are permitted in the new standard. Accordingly, we did

not

reassess whether (i) any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases under the new standard, (ii) classification of leases as operating leases or capital leases would be different under the new standard, or (iii) any initial direct costs would have met the definition of initial direct costs under the new standard. Additionally, we did

not

elect to use hindsight in determining the lease term for existing leases as of

April 1, 2019.

We recorded noncurrent ROU assets of approximately

$967,000

and current and noncurrent operating lease liabilities of

$967,000

as of

April 1, 2019.

Effective

April 1, 2018

the Company adopted ASC Topic

606

“Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, using the modified retrospective method. This guidance supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under US GAAP. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. The Company has drafted its accounting policy for the new standard based on a detailed review of its business and contracts. Based on the new guidance, the Company will continue recognizing revenue at the time it's products are shipped, and therefore adoption of the standard did

not

have a material impact on its financial statements and is

not

expected to have a material impact in the future.

June 2016,

the FASB issued ASU-

2016

“Financial Instruments – Credit Losses”. This guidance affects organizations that hold financial assets and net investments in leases that are

not

accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value reported in net income. The guidance requires organizations to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. It is effective for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2019.

The Company is evaluating the potential impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

February 2018,

the FASB issued ASU

2018

02,

“Income Statement- Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic

220

): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This guidance gives businesses the option of reclassifying to retained earnings the so-called “stranded tax effects” left in accumulated other comprehensive income due to the reduction in the corporate income tax rate resulting from the

2017

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. This amendment is effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after

December 15, 2018

and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is allowed. We do

not

believe that this ASU will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Management does

not

believe that any other recently issued, but

not

yet effective accounting pronouncement, if adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying consolidated financial statements.