Goodwill

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

9. Goodwill

During the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company's operating and reportable segments changed to the following three segments: Americas Materials Solutions; Americas Building Solutions; and International Solutions and existing goodwill was reallocated to each of the new reportable segments and associated reporting units. See Note 20 for further information. The results of this reallocation of goodwill have been recast below, by reportable segment, at December 31, 2023. As a result of this revision to reportable segments and associated reporting units, the Company performed an impairment assessment before and after the reallocation. Both before and after the reallocation, the Company concluded that the fair values of the reporting units affected were above their carrying values and therefore there was no indication of impairment.

The Company uses the present value of estimated future cash flows to establish the estimated fair value of the reporting units at the testing date. This approach includes many assumptions related to future growth rates, discount factors, and tax rates, among other considerations. Changes in economic and operating conditions impacting these assumptions could result in goodwill impairment in future periods. Additionally, the Company uses the market approach to corroborate the estimated fair value.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill at December 31 were:


in $ millions	Americas Materials Solutions	Americas Building Solutions	International Solutions	Total
Carrying value, December 31, 2022	4,407	2,517	2,275	9,199
Acquisitions	34	240	124	398
Foreign currency translation adjustment	8	(5)	86	89

Impairment charge for the year	(32)	–	(295)	(327)
Reclassified as held for sale	–	–	(201)	(201)
Carrying value, December 31, 2023	4,417	2,752	1,989	9,158

Acquisitions	1,426	333	385	2,144
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(40)	(12)	(114)	(166)

Impairment charge for the year	–	–	(72)	(72)
Divestitures	–	(3)	(201)	(204)
Reclassified from held for sale	–	–	201	201
Carrying value, December 31, 2024	5,803	3,070	2,188	11,061

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the fair value of the Architectural Products reporting unit within International Solutions did not exceed its carrying value. As a result, a goodwill impairment loss of $72 million was recorded in Loss on impairments, driven by challenging market conditions (primarily new build residential) which has had an impact on growth prospects. The assumption underlying the estimated future cash flows resulted in a present value (using a real pre-tax discount rate of 9.1%) of $252 million and a related goodwill impairment being recorded of $72 million.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the fair value of the Company’s Philippines reporting unit within International Solutions did not exceed its carrying value. As a result, a goodwill impairment loss of $295 million was recorded in Loss on impairments.

Accumulated goodwill impairment losses amount to $1,050 million and $1,001 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively and relate predominantly to International Solutions.