GROUP STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Millions	Share capital	Share premium	Capital redemption reserve	Treasury shares	[1]	Other reserves	[2]	Retained earnings	Total
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2015	$ 183	$ 590	$ 12	$ (294)		$ (256)		$ 3,731	$ 3,966
Attributable profit for the year								784	784
Other comprehensive (expense)/income						(119)		(71)	(190)
Equity dividends declared and paid								(279)	(279)
Share-based payments recognised								27	27
Taxation on share-based payments								2	2
Purchase of own shares				(368)					(368)
Cost of shares transferred to beneficiaries				40				(34)	6
Cancellation of treasury shares	(3)		3	190				(190)
Issue of ordinary share capital		10							10
Balance at end of period at Dec. 31, 2016	180	600	15	(432)		(375)		3,970	3,958
Attributable profit for the year								767	767
Other comprehensive (expense)/income						147		55	202
Equity dividends declared and paid								(269)	(269)
Share-based payments recognised								31	31
Taxation on share-based payments								(3)	(3)
Purchase of own shares				(52)					(52)
Cost of shares transferred to beneficiaries				26				(21)	5
Cancellation of treasury shares	(2)		2	201				(201)
Issue of ordinary share capital		5							5
Balance at end of period at Dec. 31, 2017	178	605	17	(257)		(228)		4,329	4,644
Attributable profit for the year								663	663
Other comprehensive (expense)/income						(112)		10	(102)
Equity dividends declared and paid								(321)	(321)
Share-based payments recognised								35	35
Taxation on share-based payments								1	1
Purchase of own shares				(48)					(48)
Cost of shares transferred to beneficiaries				40				(30)	10
Cancellation of treasury shares	(1)		1	51				(51)
Issue of ordinary share capital		3							3
Balance at end of period at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 177	$ 608	$ 18	$ (214)		$ (340)		$ 4,625	$ 4,874

[1] Refer to Note 19.2 for further information.

[2] Other reserves comprises gains and losses on cash flow hedges, foreign exchange differences on translation of foreign operations and net changes on fair value of trading investments. The cumulative translation loss within other reserves at 31 December 2018 was $339m (2017: $207m loss, 2016: $388m loss).