CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 207,193,000	$ 200,003,000	$ 178,144,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization of deferred gains, premiums, and discounts on loans, investments, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities	(23,879,000)	(17,025,000)	720,000
Amortization of debt premiums, discounts, and issuance costs	21,242,000	31,421,000	19,656,000
Net change in fair value of trading securities, loans held for sale, hedged items, and financial derivatives	214,319,000	78,249,000	689,998,000
Losses on sale of mortgage loans	1,147,000	0	0
Gains on the sale of available-for-sale investment securities	(1,052,000)	0	0
Total provision for/(release of) allowance for losses	11,490,000	1,136,000	806,000
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based awards	831,000	523,000	101,000
Deferred income taxes	(516,000)	6,690,000	12,406,000
Stock-based compensation expense	8,088,000	6,801,000	4,624,000
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for sale	29,216,000	24,378,000	33,311,000
Net change in:
Interest receivable	(31,885,000)	(63,944,000)	(63,777,000)
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	96,000	(1,700,000)	1,043,000
Other assets	18,590,000	54,369,000	(126,054,000)
Accrued interest payable	13,272,000	63,954,000	58,884,000
Custodial deposit liability	130,643,000	(10,778,000)	(7,666,000)
Other liabilities	13,851,000	1,721,000	7,075,000
Net cash provided by operating activities	612,646,000	375,798,000	809,271,000
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of equipment and leasehold improvements	(5,272,000)	0	0
Purchases of other investment securities	(3,293,000)	(3,145,000)	(2,443,000)
Purchases of loans held for investment	(3,870,628,000)	(2,164,053,000)	(2,592,924,000)
Purchases of defaulted loans	(4,447,000)	0	0
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for investment	1,655,784,000	1,363,588,000	1,321,989,000
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale investment securities	115,247,000	0	0
Proceeds from sale of loans previously classified as held for investment	5,775,000	0	9,000,000
Proceeds from sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	60,192,000	0	99,643,000
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,682,473,000)	(1,955,381,000)	(3,042,959,000)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of discount notes	59,737,284,000	49,291,165,000	52,470,273,000
Proceeds from issuance of medium-term notes	8,545,837,000	8,274,618,000	9,031,116,000
Proceeds from issuance of debt securities of consolidated trusts	588,250,000	222,188,000	258,198,000
Payments to redeem discount notes	(59,308,438,000)	(48,138,591,000)	(54,085,418,000)
Payments to redeem medium-term notes	(8,052,883,000)	(7,862,450,000)	(5,192,159,000)
Payments to third parties on debt securities of consolidated trusts	(138,807,000)	(102,045,000)	(226,291,000)
Proceeds from common stock issuance	287,000	233,000	192,000
Tax payments related to share-based awards	(5,351,000)	(3,013,000)	(1,835,000)
Retirement of preferred stock	(75,000,000)	0	0
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock	(86,052,000)	(74,817,000)	(68,171,000)
Net cash provided by financing activities	1,205,127,000	1,607,288,000	2,185,905,000
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	135,300,000	27,705,000	(47,783,000)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	888,707,000	861,002,000	908,785,000
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	1,024,007,000	888,707,000	861,002,000
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	819,959,000	582,960,000	269,327,000
Income taxes	39,200,000	48,000,000	33,800,000
Non-cash activity:
Loans securitized as Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	109,546,000	36,497,000	162,875,000
Loans held for investment transferred to consolidated trusts	624,097,000	281,027,000	297,713,000
Available-for-sale securities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities	(2,431,900,000)	(1,573,707,000)	(2,472,056,000)
Proceeds from repayment of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities	1,328,716,000	1,397,096,000	1,440,201,000
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	(1,600,144,000)	(4,453,284,000)	(5,275,733,000)
Proceeds from repayment of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	$ 3,067,497,000	$ 3,478,124,000	$ 4,429,364,000