CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 53,746	$ 47,035
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization of deferred gains, premiums, and discounts on loans, investments, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities	(7,295)	(2,337)
Amortization of debt premiums, discounts, and issuance costs	11,586	10,217
Net change in fair value of trading securities, hedged items, and financial derivatives	123,519	(62,398)
Total provision for/(release of) allowance for losses	(1,870)	750
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based awards	(120)	(201)
Deferred income taxes	2,688	12,440
Stock-based compensation expense	3,483	2,255
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for sale	12,769	17,360
Net change in:
Interest receivable	40,273	29,510
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	5	13
Other assets	(12,471)	22,195
Accrued interest payable	21,053	24,051
Custodial deposit liability	(18,632)	(32,102)
Other liabilities	4,601	(8,227)
Net cash provided by operating activities	233,335	60,561
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of equipment and leasehold improvements	(1,638)	0
Purchases of other investment securities	(83)	0
Purchases of loans held for investment	(690,986)	(554,787)
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for investment	461,071	431,483
Net cash used in investing activities	(525,473)	(461,315)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of discount notes	12,851,600	11,196,195
Proceeds from issuance of medium-term notes	1,774,926	1,383,319
Proceeds from issuance of debt securities of consolidated trusts	0	222,188
Payments to redeem discount notes	(12,695,146)	(10,913,679)
Payments to redeem medium-term notes	(1,713,000)	(1,428,500)
Payments to third parties on debt securities of consolidated trusts	(45,068)	(36,573)
Proceeds from common stock issuance	64	51
Tax payments related to share-based awards	(2,863)
Tax payments related to share-based awards		18
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock	(21,977)	(18,673)
Net cash provided by financing activities	148,536	404,346
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(143,602)	3,592
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	888,707	861,002
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	745,105	864,594
Non-cash activity:
Loans securitized as Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	15,936	4,174
Loans held for investment transferred to consolidated trusts	0	281,027
Available-for-sale securities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities	(606,698)	(375,153)
Proceeds from repayment of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities	520,194	505,848
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	(462,055)	(716,412)
Proceeds from repayment of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	$ 254,722	$ 247,706