FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES - Summary of Carrying Value and Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Financial assets:
Financial derivatives	$ 37,478	$ 37,409
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	49,832	47,151
Financial liabilities:
Financial derivatives	117,131	175,326
Guarantee and commitment obligation	47,563	46,582	$ 43,926	$ 35,535
Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	888,707	861,002
Loans	10,426,021	9,666,710
Financial derivatives	37,478	37,409
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	58,465	50,653
Financial liabilities:
Notes payable	25,670,971	23,591,330
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,268,563	1,106,837
Financial derivatives	117,131	175,326
Guarantee and commitment obligation	56,195	50,083
Fair Value | Investment securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	4,981,249	4,630,701
Fair Value | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	9,710,074	8,573,781
Fair Value | USDA Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	2,036,046	2,099,445
Carrying Amount
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	888,707	861,002
Loans	11,039,349	10,205,466
Financial derivatives	37,478	37,409
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	49,832	47,151
Financial liabilities:
Notes payable	26,336,542	24,469,113
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,351,069	1,181,948
Financial derivatives	117,131	175,326
Guarantee and commitment obligation	47,563	46,582
Carrying Amount | Investment securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	4,979,504	4,628,268
Carrying Amount | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	9,745,548	8,628,380
Carrying Amount | USDA Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	$ 2,355,412	$ 2,411,601