FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES - Schedule of Unobservable Input Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		12 Months Ended
	Jul. 01, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair Value, Asset, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]		Net Income	Net Income	Net Income
Fair Value, Asset, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Asset, Gain (Loss), Statement of Other Comprehensive Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]		Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent	Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent	Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent
Level 3 | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		$ 7,632,487	$ 6,358,451	$ 6,973,567
Purchases		2,084,650	3,411,665	1,161,912
Settlements		(1,563,860)	(1,531,464)	(1,617,039)
Allowance for Losses		236	(264)	31
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		91,607	(553,825)	(176,180)
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		(2,391)	(52,076)	16,160
Transfers Out		(2,684,096)
Ending Balance		5,558,633	7,632,487	6,358,451
Available-for-sale securities | Level 3 | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		19,027	19,254	19,171
Purchases		0	0	0
Settlements		0	0	0
Allowance for Losses		6	19	(16)
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		0	0	0
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		49	(246)	99
Transfers Out		0
Ending Balance		19,082	19,027	19,254
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans | Floating interest rate | Level 3 | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		19,027	19,254	19,171
Purchases		0	0	0
Settlements		0	0	0
Allowance for Losses		6	19	(16)
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		0	0	0
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		49	(246)	99
Transfers Out		0
Ending Balance		19,082	19,027	19,254
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Level 3 | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		7,607,226	6,328,559	6,947,701
Purchases		2,084,650	3,411,665	1,155,675
Settlements		(1,562,720)	(1,527,978)	(1,614,861)
Allowance for Losses		230	(283)	47
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		89,629	(552,907)	(176,064)
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		(2,440)	(51,830)	16,061
Transfers Out		(2,684,096)
Ending Balance		5,532,479	7,607,226	6,328,559
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Level 3 | Recurring | AgVantage Securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		7,599,379	6,316,145	6,947,701
Purchases		2,084,650	3,411,665	1,143,115
Settlements		(1,561,507)	(1,526,303)	(1,614,598)
Allowance for Losses		230	(283)	47
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		89,629	(552,907)	(176,064)
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		(5,573)	(48,938)	15,944
Transfers Out	$ (2,700,000)	(2,684,096)
Ending Balance		5,522,712	7,599,379	6,316,145
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities | Level 3 | Recurring | Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		7,847	12,414	0
Purchases		0	0	12,560
Settlements		(1,213)	(1,675)	(263)
Allowance for Losses		0	0	0
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		0	0	0
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		3,133	(2,892)	117
Transfers Out		0
Ending Balance		9,767	7,847	12,414
USDA Securities: | Level 3 | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		1,767	4,401	6,695
Purchases		0	0	0
Settlements		(550)	(2,583)	(2,178)
Allowance for Losses		0	0	0
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		24	(51)	(116)
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		0	0	0
Transfers Out		0
Ending Balance		1,241	1,767	4,401
Guarantee and commitment obligations: | Level 3 | Recurring
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		4,467	6,237	0
Purchases		0	0	6,237
Settlements		(590)	(903)	0
Allowance for Losses		0	0	0
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		1,954	(867)	0
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		0	0	0
Transfers Out		0
Ending Balance		5,831	4,467	6,237
Guarantee and commitment obligations: | Level 3 | Recurring | Guarantee Asset
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning Balance		4,467	6,237	0
Purchases		0	0	6,237
Settlements		(590)	(903)	0
Allowance for Losses		0	0	0
Realized and unrealized (losses)/gains included in Income		1,954	(867)	0
Unrealized gains included in Other Comprehensive Income		0	0	0
Transfers Out		0
Ending Balance		$ 5,831	$ 4,467	$ 6,237