CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Interest income:
Investments and cash equivalents	$ 287,144	$ 82,659	$ 18,660
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	590,250	283,769	164,723
Loans	514,894	350,420	242,582
Total interest income	1,392,288	716,848	425,965
Total interest expense	1,064,741	445,908	204,014
Net interest income	327,547	270,940	221,951
(Provision for)/release of losses	(858)	(1,323)	860
Net interest income after (provision for)/release of losses	326,689	269,617	222,811
Non-interest income/(expense):
Guarantee and commitment fees	16,712	13,040	12,669
Gains on financial derivatives	2,882	22,631	324
Gains on sale of mortgage loans	0	0	6,539
Gains/(losses) on trading securities	24	(51)	(115)
Gains on sale of available-for-sale investment securities	0	0	253
(Provision for)/release of reserve for losses	(278)	517	1,327
Other income	4,171	2,551	2,069
Non-interest income	23,511	38,688	23,066
Operating expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits	58,914	48,766	42,847
General and administrative	34,963	29,772	27,507
Regulatory fees	3,222	3,269	3,062
Real estate owned operating costs, net	0	819	0
Operating expenses	97,099	82,626	73,416
Income before income taxes	253,101	225,679	172,461
Income tax expense	53,098	47,535	36,372
Net income	200,003	178,144	136,089
Preferred stock dividends	(27,165)	(27,165)	(24,677)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$ 172,838	$ 150,979	$ 111,412
Earnings per common share:
Basic earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 15.97	$ 14.00	$ 10.36
Diluted earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 15.81	$ 13.87	$ 10.27