Fair Value Disclosures - Summary of Carrying Value and Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Financial assets:
Financial derivatives	$ 26,824	$ 37,409
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	46,181	47,151
Financial liabilities:
Financial derivatives	188,652	175,326
Guarantee and commitment obligation	45,873	46,582
Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	874,090	861,002
Loans	10,128,329	9,666,710
Financial derivatives	26,824	37,409
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	52,818	50,653
Financial liabilities:
Notes payable	23,713,528	23,591,330
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,309,257	1,106,837
Financial derivatives	188,652	175,326
Guarantee and commitment obligation	52,509	50,083
Fair Value | Investment Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	4,768,052	4,630,701
Fair Value | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	8,548,230	8,573,781
Fair Value | USDA Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	2,063,660	2,099,445
Carrying Amount
Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	874,090	861,002
Loans	10,560,608	10,205,466
Financial derivatives	26,824	37,409
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	46,181	47,151
Financial liabilities:
Notes payable	24,510,004	24,469,113
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,357,763	1,181,948
Financial derivatives	188,652	175,326
Guarantee and commitment obligation	45,873	46,582
Carrying Amount | Investment Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	4,767,815	4,628,268
Carrying Amount | Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	8,595,243	8,628,380
Carrying Amount | USDA Securities
Financial assets:
Marketable securities	$ 2,337,560	$ 2,411,601