Guarantees and Commitments - Unpaid Principal Balances by Delinquency Status (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	$ 8,915,656	$ 9,008,979
Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	3,705,064	3,714,184
Current
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	10,548,452	10,459,282
Current | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	3,697,221	3,698,131
Total Past Due
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	13,314	11,598
Total Past Due | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	7,843	16,053
30-59 Days
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	4,403	10,066
30-59 Days | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	2,432	11,614
60-89 Days
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	1,989	392
60-89 Days | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	366	622
90 Days and Greater
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	6,922	1,140
90 Days and Greater | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	5,045	3,817
Agricultural Finance | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	3,201,476	3,190,992
Agricultural Finance | Current
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	7,370,348	7,438,016
Agricultural Finance | Current | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	3,193,633	3,174,939
Agricultural Finance | Total Past Due
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	13,314	11,598
Agricultural Finance | Total Past Due | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	7,843	16,053
Agricultural Finance | 30-59 Days
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	4,403	10,066
Agricultural Finance | 30-59 Days | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	2,432	11,614
Agricultural Finance | 60-89 Days
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	1,989	392
Agricultural Finance | 60-89 Days | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	366	622
Agricultural Finance | 90 Days and Greater
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	6,922	1,140
Agricultural Finance | 90 Days and Greater | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments and Guaranteed Securities
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	5,045	3,817
Rural Infrastructure Finance
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	3,178,104	3,021,266
Rural Infrastructure Finance | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	503,588	523,192
Rural Infrastructure Finance | Current
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	3,178,104	3,021,266
Rural Infrastructure Finance | Current | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	503,588	523,192
Rural Infrastructure Finance | Total Past Due
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | Total Past Due | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | 30-59 Days
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | 30-59 Days | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | 60-89 Days
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | 60-89 Days | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | 90 Days and Greater
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	0	0
Rural Infrastructure Finance | 90 Days and Greater | Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Total	$ 0	$ 0