Loans (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Receivables [Abstract]

Schedule of Composition of Loan Balances

The following table includes loans held for investment and displays the composition of the loan balances as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

Table 5.1

	As of March 31, 2021						As of December 31, 2020
	Unsecuritized		In Consolidated Trusts		Total		Unsecuritized		In Consolidated Trusts		Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch	$	5,128,442	$	1,174,525	$	6,302,967	$	4,889,393	$	1,287,045	$	6,176,438
Rural Utilities	2,247,104		—		2,247,104		2,260,412		—		2,260,412
Total unpaid principal balance(1)	7,375,546		1,174,525		8,550,071		7,149,805		1,287,045		8,436,850
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments	(33,634)		—		(33,634)		112,128		—		112,128
Total loans	7,341,912		1,174,525		8,516,437		7,261,933		1,287,045		8,548,978
Allowance for losses	(14,021)		(786)		(14,807)		(12,943)		(889)		(13,832)
Total loans, net of allowance	$	7,327,891	$	1,173,739	$	8,501,630	$	7,248,990	$	1,286,156	$	8,535,146

(1)Unpaid principal balance is the basis of presentation in disclosures of outstanding balances for Farmer Mac's lines of business.

Schedule Allowance for Losses

The following table is a summary, by asset type, of the allowance for losses as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

Table 5.2

	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
	Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses
	(in thousands)
Loans:
Farm & Ranch	$	3,718	$	3,745
Rural Utilities	11,089		10,087
Total	$	14,807	$	13,832

The following is a summary of the changes in the allowance for losses for the three month period ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

Table 5.3

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:
Balance as of December 31	$	3,745	$	10,454
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	—		(3,909)
Balance as of January 1	3,745		6,545
(Release of)/provision for losses	$	(27)	$	808
Charge-offs	—		—
Ending Balance(1)	$	3,718	$	7,353
Rural Utilities:
Balance as of December 31	$	10,087	$	—
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	—		5,378
Balance as of January 1	10,087		5,378
Provision for losses	$	1,002	$	2,125
Charge-offs	—		—
Ending Balance(2)	$	11,089	$	7,503

(1)As of March 31, 2021 and 2020, allowance for losses for Farm & Ranch includes no allowance and $2.2 million, respectively, for collateral dependent assets secured by agricultural real estate.

(2)As of both March 31, 2021 and 2020, allowance for losses for Rural Utilities includes no allowance for collateral dependent assets.

Schedule of Past Due Financing Receivables

The following table presents the unpaid principal balances by delinquency status of Farmer Mac's loans and non-performing assets as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

Table 5.4

	As of March 31, 2021
	Accruing
	Current		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater(2)		Total Past Due		Nonaccrual loans(3)(4)		Total Loans
	(in thousands)
Loans(1):
Farm & Ranch	$	6,154,416	$	4,733	$	261	$	14,150	$	19,144	$	129,407	$	6,302,967
Rural Utilities	2,247,104		—		—		—		—		—		2,247,104
Total	$	8,401,520	$	4,733	$	261	$	14,150	$	19,144	$	129,407	$	8,550,071

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Includes loans in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties that are 90 days or more past due.

(3)Includes loans that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

(4)Includes $58.1 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no associated allowance. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, Farmer Mac received $1.1 million in interest on nonaccrual loans.

	As of December 31, 2020
	Accruing
	Current		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater(2)		Total Past Due		Nonaccrual loans(3)(4)		Total Loans
	(in thousands)
Loans(1):
Farm & Ranch	$	6,055,154	$	4,582	$	632	$	1,072	$	6,286	$	114,998	$	6,176,438
Rural Utilities	2,260,412		—		—		—		—		—		2,260,412
Total	$	8,315,566	$	4,582	$	632	$	1,072	$	6,286	$	114,998	$	8,436,850

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Includes loans in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties that are 90 days or more past due.

(3)Includes loans that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

(4)Includes $44.2 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no associated allowance. During the year ended December 31, 2020, Farmer Mac received $4.4 million in interest on nonaccrual loans.

The following table presents the unpaid principal balances by delinquency status of Farm & Ranch loans underlying LTSPCs. Farm & Ranch Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, Rural Utilities loans underlying LTSPCs, and non-performing assets as of March 31, 2021:

Table 6.7

	As of March 31, 2021
	Current		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater(1)		Total Past Due		Total Loans
	(in thousands)
Farm and Ranch:
LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	2,315,243	$	3,901	$	332	$	6,909	$	11,142	$	2,326,385
Rural Utilities:
LTSPCs	$	557,333	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	557,333

(1)Includes loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days of more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

	As of December 31, 2020
	Current		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater(1)		Total Past Due		Total Loans
	(in thousands)
Farm and Ranch:
LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	2,389,777	$	2,189	$	1,344	$	11,433	$	14,966	$	2,404,743
Rural Utilities:
LTSPCs	$	556,425	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	556,425

(1)Includes loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days of more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

Schedule of Financing Receivable Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables present credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans and Rural Utilities loans held as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, by year of origination:

Table 5.5

	As of March 31, 2021
	Year of Origination:
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch(1):
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	542,638	$	1,923,390	$	724,202	$	443,929	$	399,931	$	1,334,771	$	482,993	$	5,851,854
Special mention(2)	16,079		102,656		56,723		16,292		2,569		23,003		11,804		229,126
Substandard(3)	—		3,655		25,027		28,825		57,791		94,565		12,124		221,987
Total	$	558,717	$	2,029,701	$	805,952	$	489,046	$	460,291	$	1,452,339	$	506,921	$	6,302,967
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(3)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

	As of March 31, 2021
	Year of Origination:
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Rural Utilities(1):
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	10,979	$	639,730	$	801,799	$	8,181	$	89,621	$	650,486	$	22,708	$	2,223,504
Special mention(2)	—		23,600		—		—		—		—		—		23,600
Substandard(3)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	10,979	$	663,330	$	801,799	$	8,181	$	89,621	$	650,486	$	22,708	$	2,247,104
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(3)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

	As of December 31, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch(1):
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	1,947,618	$	774,315	$	484,345	$	500,768	$	465,277	$	1,068,693	$	535,742	$	5,776,758
Special mention(2)	70,171		79,744		18,317		8,530		13,111		21,328		7,656		218,857
Substandard(3)	3,400		5,821		21,879		52,709		37,173		50,582		9,259		180,823
Total	$	2,021,189	$	859,880	$	524,541	$	562,007	$	515,561	$	1,140,603	$	552,657	$	6,176,438
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(3)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

	As of December 31, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Rural Utilities(1):
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	667,489	$	809,921	$	8,260	$	89,842	$	31,275	$	641,145	$	12,480	$	2,260,412
Special mention(2)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard(3)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	667,489	$	809,921	$	8,260	$	89,842	$	31,275	$	641,145	$	12,480	$	2,260,412
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(3)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

The following tables present credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans underlying LTSPCs, Farm & Ranch Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and Rural Utilities loans underlying LTSPCs as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, by year of origination:

Table 6.8

	As of March 31, 2021
	Year of Origination:
	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	83,222	$	181,684	$	193,825	$	178,134	$	222,030	$	1,071,479	$	205,814	$	2,136,188
Special mention(1)	—		12,020		1,727		1,493		436		62,767		12,080		90,523
Substandard(2)	—		242		736		12,335		14,415		67,712		4,234		99,674
Total	$	83,222	$	193,946	$	196,288	$	191,962	$	236,881	$	1,201,958	$	222,128	$	2,326,385
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(2)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

	As of March 31, 2021
	Year of Origination:
	2021		2020		20	2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Rural Utilities LTSPCs:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	538,541	$	18,792	$	557,333
Special mention(1)	—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard(2)	—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	538,541	$	18,792	$	557,333
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—			—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(2)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

	As of December 31, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	178,213	$	213,620	$	183,948	$	237,042	$	207,296	$	969,860	$	211,620	$	2,201,599
Special mention(1)	3,920		1,742		1,502		5,603		19,644		50,004		10,058		92,473
Substandard(2)	264		10,250		12,611		14,578		7,841		60,602		4,525		110,671
Total	$	182,397	$	225,612	$	198,061	$	257,223	$	234,781	$	1,080,466	$	226,203	$	2,404,743
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(2)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

	As of December 31, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Rural Utilities LTSPCs:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	549,405	$	7,020	$	556,425
Special mention(1)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard(2)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	549,405	$	7,020	$	556,425
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020:
Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

(1)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.  

(2)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.