Fair Value Disclosures - Summary of Carrying Value and Fair Value (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Financial derivatives	$ 2,934	$ 5,709
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable:	39,136	40,366
Financial derivatives	136,518	27,385
Guarantee and commitment obligation	37,449	38,683
Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	587,941	425,256
Loans	6,593,256	5,512,781
Financial derivatives	5,589	7,487
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,545,314	1,501,754
Financial derivatives	30,542	19,633
Fair Value [Member] \| Investment Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	3,157,163	2,263,446
Fair Value [Member] \| Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	8,651,085	8,061,903
Fair Value [Member] \| USDA Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	2,192,017	2,113,946
Fair Value [Member] \| Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable:	32,424	37,461
Guarantee and commitment obligation	31,292	36,471
Fair Value [Member] \| Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable:	2,647	3,424
Guarantee and commitment obligation	2,091	2,731
Fair Value [Member] \| Long-term Debt [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Notes payable:	9,086,048	8,473,558
Fair Value [Member] \| Due within one year [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Notes payable:	9,886,555	7,744,388
Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	587,941	425,256
Loans	6,517,220	5,515,052
Financial derivatives	5,589	7,487
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,532,401	1,528,957
Financial derivatives	30,542	19,633
Carrying Amount [Member] \| Investment Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	3,156,664	2,262,884
Carrying Amount [Member] \| Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	8,635,157	8,071,115
Carrying Amount [Member] \| USDA Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Marketable Securities	2,173,007	2,176,173
Carrying Amount [Member] \| Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable:	36,173	36,870
Guarantee and commitment obligation	35,041	35,880
Carrying Amount [Member] \| Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable:	2,963	3,496
Guarantee and commitment obligation	2,408	2,803
Carrying Amount [Member] \| Long-term Debt [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Notes payable:	8,940,989	8,486,647
Carrying Amount [Member] \| Due within one year [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Notes payable:	$ 9,885,633	$ 7,757,050

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Variable Interest Entity, Consolidated, Fair Value Disclosure, Liabilities

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Fair value portion of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.

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The carrying amount of the contractual right to receive fees, as compensation in exchange for providing a guarantee to a third party, over life of the guarantee.

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This item represents a non-contingent liability for the fair value of an obligation to stand ready to perform over the term of a guaranty issued in the event that specified triggering events or conditions occur.

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Fair value portion of loan receivable, including, but not limited to, mortgage loans held for investment, finance receivables held for investment, policy loans on insurance contracts.

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