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Investment Securities
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
INVESTMENT SECURITIES INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's investment securities as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
 
Table 2.1
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(492
)
 
$
19,208

Floating rate asset-backed securities
24,860

 
(116
)
 
24,744

 
—

 
(175
)
 
24,569

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,621,660

 
1,271

 
1,622,931

 
2,807

 
(3,500
)
 
1,622,238

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
325

 
—

 
325

 
27

 
—

 
352

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
1,447,197

 
(3,551
)
 
1,443,646

 
1,701

 
(82
)
 
1,445,265

Total available-for-sale
3,113,742

 
(2,396
)
 
3,111,346

 
4,535

 
(4,249
)
 
3,111,632

Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
45,032

 
—

 
45,032

 
499

 
—

 
45,531

Total investment securities
$
3,158,774

 
$
(2,396
)
 
$
3,156,378

 
$
5,034

 
$
(4,249
)
 
$
3,157,163

(1) 
The held-to-maturity investment securities had a weighted average yield of 3.8% as of September 30, 2019.


 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(985
)
 
$
18,715

Floating rate asset-backed securities
28,940

 
(136
)
 
28,804

 
2

 
(128
)
 
28,678

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,379,472

 
1,528

 
1,381,000

 
721

 
(4,267
)
 
1,377,454

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
384

 
1

 
385

 
18

 
—

 
403

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
797,913

 
(4,882
)
 
793,031

 
119

 
(548
)
 
792,602

Total available-for-sale
2,226,409

 
(3,489
)
 
2,222,920

 
860

 
(5,928
)
 
2,217,852

Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
45,032

 
—

 
45,032

 
562

 
—

 
45,594

Total investment securities
$
2,271,441

 
$
(3,489
)
 
$
2,267,952

 
$
1,422

 
$
(5,928
)
 
$
2,263,446


(1) 
The held-to-maturity investment securities had a weighted average yield of 3.5% as of December 31, 2018.

Farmer Mac did not sell any securities from its available-for-sale investment portfolio during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

Table 2.2
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(dollars in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
19,208

 
$
(492
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
8,755

 
(48
)
 
15,814

 
(127
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
938,135

 
(1,461
)
 
308,027

 
(2,039
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
91,411

 
(82
)
 
—

 
—

Total
$
1,038,301

 
$
(1,591
)
 
$
343,049

 
$
(2,658
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of securities in loss position
 
 
61

 
 
 
50


 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(dollars in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
18,715

 
$
(985
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
6,456

 
(38
)
 
19,058

 
(90
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
927,416

 
(2,907
)
 
196,416

 
(1,360
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
499,581

 
(336
)
 
81,597

 
(212
)
Total
$
1,433,453

 
$
(3,281
)
 
$
315,786

 
$
(2,647
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of securities in loss position
 
 
72

 
 
 
48



The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to a general widening of market spreads and changes in the levels of interest rates from the dates of acquisition to September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as applicable. The resulting decrease in fair values reflects an increase in the perceived risk by the financial markets related to those securities. As of September 30, 2019, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+," except one floating rate asset-backed security with a book value of $1.7 million and a fair value of $1.6 million that had a rating of "B." As of December 31, 2018, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+."

Securities in unrealized loss positions for 12 months or longer have a fair value as of September 30, 2019 that is, on average, approximately 99.2% of their amortized cost basis. Farmer Mac believes that all of these unrealized losses are recoverable within a reasonable period of time by way of maturity or changes in credit spreads. Accordingly, Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on these
available-for-sale investment securities are other-than-temporary impairment as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. Farmer Mac does not intend to sell these securities, and it is not "more likely than not" that Farmer Mac will be required to sell the securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis.

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of September 30, 2019 are set forth below. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 2.3
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year
$
1,386,034

 
$
1,387,726

 
1.37%
Due after one year through five years
255,262

 
254,904

 
2.49%
Due after five years through ten years
774,103

 
772,428

 
2.51%
Due after ten years
695,947

 
696,574

 
2.75%
Total
$
3,111,346

 
$
3,111,632

 
2.06%

FARMER MAC GUARANTEED SECURITIES AND USDA SECURITIES

The following tables set forth information about on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:

Table 3.1
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Unpaid Principal Balance
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
1,420,020

 
$
(220
)
 
$
1,419,800

 
$
16,019

 
$
(660
)
 
$
1,435,159

Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities
32,645

 
171

 
32,816

 
626

 
(57
)
 
33,385

Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
1,452,665

 
(49
)
 
1,452,616

 
16,645

 
(717
)
 
1,468,544

USDA Securities
2,122,505

 
41,559

 
2,164,064

 
20,283

 
(1,273
)
 
2,183,074

Total held-to-maturity
$
3,575,170

 
$
41,510

 
$
3,616,680

 
$
36,928

 
$
(1,990
)
 
$
3,651,618

Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
7,009,022

 
$
(137
)
 
$
7,008,885

 
$
211,878

 
$
(38,222
)
 
$
7,182,541

Trading:
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

USDA Securities(1)
$
8,561

 
$
521

 
$
9,082

 
$
14

 
$
(153
)
 
$
8,943

(1) 
The trading USDA securities had a weighted average yield of 5.21% as of September 30, 2019.
 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Unpaid Principal Balance
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
2,069,185

 
$
(194
)
 
$
2,068,991

 
$
2,637

 
$
(11,948
)
 
$
2,059,680

Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities
27,383

 
244

 
27,627

 
98

 
—

 
27,725

Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
2,096,568

 
50

 
2,096,618

 
2,735

 
(11,948
)
 
2,087,405

USDA Securities
2,110,963

 
55,211

 
2,166,174

 
—

 
(62,227
)
 
2,103,947

Total held-to-maturity
$
4,207,531

 
$
55,261

 
$
4,262,792

 
$
2,735

 
$
(74,175
)
 
$
4,191,352

Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
6,003,733

 
$
(204
)
 
$
6,003,529

 
$
22,335

 
$
(51,367
)
 
$
5,974,497

Trading:
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

USDA Securities(1)
$
9,591

 
$
701

 
$
10,292

 
$
20

 
$
(313
)
 
$
9,999

(1) 
The trading USDA securities had a weighted average yield of 5.21% as of December 31, 2018.

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, unrealized losses on held-to-maturity and available-for-sale on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities were as follows:

Table 3.2
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
316,340

 
$
(660
)
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities
17,081

 
(57
)
 
—

 
—

USDA Securities
—

 
—

 
280,206

 
(1,273
)
Total held-to-maturity
$
17,081

 
$
(57
)
 
$
596,546

 
$
(1,933
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
507,482

 
$
(1,107
)
 
$
1,623,361

 
$
(37,115
)

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
669,610

 
$
(1,760
)
 
$
976,318

 
$
(10,188
)
USDA Securities
38,203

 
(696
)
 
2,065,743

 
(61,531
)
Total held-to-maturity
$
707,813

 
$
(2,456
)
 
$
3,042,061

 
$
(71,719
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
AgVantage
$
1,480,423

 
$
(9,364
)
 
$
1,599,679

 
$
(42,003
)


The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to changes in interest rates from the date of acquisition to September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, as applicable. The unrealized losses on the held-to-maturity USDA Securities as of both September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 reflect their increased cost basis resulting from their transfer to held-to-maturity as of October 1, 2016.

The credit exposure related to Farmer Mac's USDA Guarantees line of business is covered by the full faith and credit guarantee of the United States.

The unrealized losses from AgVantage securities were on 24 and 38 available-for-sale securities as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. There were 5 and 43 held-to-maturity AgVantage securities with an unrealized loss as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. As of September 30, 2019, 15 available-for-sale AgVantage securities had been in a loss position for more than 12 months. As of December 31, 2018, 21 available-for-sale AgVantage securities had been in a loss position for more than 12 months. Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on its held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities and available-for-sale Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities are other-than-temporarily impaired as of either September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.  Farmer Mac does not intend to sell these securities, and it is not "more likely than not" that Farmer Mac will be required to sell the securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, Farmer Mac realized no gains or losses from the sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities or USDA Securities.

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities by remaining contractual maturity as of September 30, 2019 are set forth below. The balances presented are based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 3.3
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year
$
560,697

 
$
559,763

 
2.47
%
Due after one year through five years
3,637,536

 
3,690,151

 
3.01
%
Due after five years through ten years
1,262,707

 
1,308,724

 
3.10
%
Due after ten years
1,547,945

 
1,623,903

 
3.40
%
Total
$
7,008,885

 
$
7,182,541

 
3.07
%
 
As of September 30, 2019
 
Held-to-Maturity Securities
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year
$
461,295

 
$
461,085

 
2.55
%
Due after one year through five years
1,043,619

 
1,059,512

 
3.23
%
Due after five years through ten years
201,354

 
202,753

 
3.44
%
Due after ten years
1,910,412

 
1,928,268

 
3.61
%
Total
$
3,616,680

 
$
3,651,618

 
3.36
%