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Business Segment Reporting - Business Segment Reporting (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table Text Block]
Table 14.1
Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
 
Farm & Ranch
 
USDA Guarantees
 
Rural 
Utilities
 
Institutional Credit
 
Corporate
 
Reconciling
Adjustments
 
Consolidated Net Income
 
(in thousands)
Net interest income
$
62,951

 
$
20,554

 
$
12,505

 
$
69,321

 
$
9,105

 
$
—

 
$
174,436

Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)
(9,889
)
 
(2,499
)
 
(922
)
 
(7,884
)
 
(2,047
)
 
23,241

 
—

Net effective spread
53,062

 
18,055

 
11,583

 
61,437

 
7,058

 
23,241

 
—

Guarantee and commitment fees(2)
17,976

 
797

 
1,599

 
360

 
—

 
(6,756
)
 
13,976

Other income/(expense)(3)
1,371

 
20

 
33

 
—

 
(913
)
 
(2,747
)
 
(2,236
)
Non-interest income/(loss)
19,347

 
817

 
1,632

 
360

 
(913
)
 
(9,503
)
 
11,740

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(238
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(238
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for reserve for losses
(97
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(97
)
Other non-interest expense
(19,026
)
 
(5,309
)
 
(3,062
)
 
(8,011
)
 
(14,411
)
 
—

 
(49,819
)
Non-interest expense(4)
(19,123
)
 
(5,309
)
 
(3,062
)
 
(8,011
)
 
(14,411
)
 
—

 
(49,916
)
Core earnings before income taxes
53,048

 
13,563

 
10,153

 
53,786

 
(8,266
)
 
13,738

(5) 
136,022

Income tax (expense)/benefit
(11,140
)
 
(2,848
)
 
(2,133
)
 
(11,295
)
 
2,361

 
(2,887
)
 
(27,942
)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest
41,908

 
10,715

 
8,020

 
42,491

 
(5,905
)
 
10,851

(5) 
108,080

Preferred stock dividends
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(13,182
)
 
—

 
(13,182
)
Segment core earnings/(losses)
$
41,908

 
$
10,715

 
$
8,020

 
$
42,491

 
$
(19,087
)
 
$
10,851

(5) 
$
94,898

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets at carrying value
$
4,701,736

 
$
2,240,906

 
$
945,282

 
$
8,089,410

 
$
2,716,994

 
$
—

 
$
18,694,328

Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance
$
7,233,972

 
$
2,515,620

 
$
1,592,115

 
$
8,382,817

 
—

 
—

 
$
19,724,524

(1) 
Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.
(2) 
Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.
(3) 
Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in "(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.
(4) 
Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on employee headcount.
(5) 
Net adjustments to reconcile to the corresponding income measures: core earnings before income taxes reconciled to income before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest reconciled to net income; and segment core earnings reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders.



Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Year Ended December 31, 2017
 
Farm & Ranch
 
USDA Guarantees
 
Rural 
Utilities
 
Institutional Credit
 
Corporate
 
Reconciling
Adjustments
 
Consolidated Net Income
 
(in thousands)
Net interest income
$
54,290

 
$
21,106

 
$
11,598

 
$
59,842

 
$
10,811

 
$
—

 
$
157,647

Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)(4)
(8,922
)
 
(2,287
)
 
(539
)
 
(3,505
)
 
(1,091
)
 
16,344

 
—

Net effective spread
45,368

 
18,819

 
11,059

 
56,337

 
9,720

 
16,344

 
—

Guarantee and commitment fees(2)
17,175

 
456

 
1,914

 
805

 
—

 
(6,236
)
 
14,114

Other income(3)(5)
2,449

 
43

 
20

 
—

 
171

 
715

 
3,398

Non-interest income/(loss)
19,624

 
499

 
1,934

 
805

 
171

 
(5,521
)
 
17,512

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(1,708
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,708
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for reserve for losses
(50
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(50
)
Other non-interest expense
(16,554
)
 
(4,384
)
 
(2,430
)
 
(6,439
)
 
(12,908
)
 
—

 
(42,715
)
Non-interest expense(6)
(16,604
)
 
(4,384
)
 
(2,430
)
 
(6,439
)
 
(12,908
)
 
—

 
(42,765
)
Core earnings before income taxes
46,680

 
14,934

 
10,563

 
50,703

 
(3,017
)
 
10,823

(7) 
130,686

Income tax (expense)/benefit
(16,338
)
 
(5,227
)
 
(3,696
)
 
(17,746
)
 
1,792

 
(5,154
)
 
(46,369
)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest
30,342

 
9,707

 
6,867

 
32,957

 
(1,225
)
 
5,669

(7) 
84,317

Preferred stock dividends
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(13,182
)
 
—

 
(13,182
)
Non-controlling interest
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
165

 
—

 
165

Segment core earnings/(losses)
$
30,342

 
$
9,707

 
$
6,867

 
$
32,957

 
$
(14,242
)
 
$
5,669

(7) 
$
71,300

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets at carrying value
$
4,274,693

 
$
2,195,189

 
$
1,088,986

 
$
7,627,749

 
$
2,605,657

 
$
—

 
$
17,792,274

Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance
$
6,867,586

 
$
2,352,214

 
$
1,882,633

 
$
7,904,878

 
—

 
—

 
$
19,007,311

(1) 
Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.
(2) 
Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.
(3) 
Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in "(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.
(4) 
Effective in fourth quarter 2017, Farmer Mac revised its methodology for calculating net effective spread, a component of core earnings, to also include the net effects of gains/(losses) due to terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives. All prior period information has been recast to reflect the revised methodology. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread."
(5) 
Includes reconciling adjustments for fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets. Also includes a reconciling adjustment related to the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.
(6) 
Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on employee headcount.
(7) 
Net adjustments to reconcile to the corresponding income measures: core earnings before income taxes reconciled to income before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest reconciled to net income; and segment core earnings reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders.

Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
Farm & Ranch
 
USDA Guarantees
 
Rural 
Utilities
 
Institutional Credit
 
Corporate
 
Reconciling
Adjustments
 
Consolidated Net Income
 
(in thousands)
Net interest income
$
47,219

 
$
21,865

 
$
11,739

 
$
48,756

 
$
10,695

 
$
—

 
$
140,274

Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)(4)
(7,729
)
 
(3,210
)
 
(1,771
)
 
(3,184
)
 
(1,308
)
 
17,202

 
—

Net effective spread
39,490

 
18,655

 
9,968

 
45,572

 
9,387

 
17,202

 
—

Guarantee and commitment fees(2)
15,542

 
101

 
1,694

 
1,833

 
—

 
(4,302
)
 
14,868

Other income(3)(5)
539

 
222

 
2

 
—

 
1,322

 
3,515

 
5,600

Non-interest income/(loss)
16,081

 
323

 
1,696

 
1,833

 
1,322

 
(787
)
 
20,468

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for loan losses
(1,065
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,065
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provision for reserve for losses
63

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
63

Other non-interest expense
(16,206
)
 
(4,200
)
 
(2,856
)
 
(3,786
)
 
(13,335
)
 
—

 
(40,383
)
Non-interest expense(6)
(16,143
)
 
(4,200
)
 
(2,856
)
 
(3,786
)
 
(13,335
)
 
—

 
(40,320
)
Core earnings before income taxes
38,363

 
14,778

 
8,808

 
43,619

 
(2,626
)
 
16,415

(7) 
119,357

Income tax (expense)/benefit
(13,428
)
 
(5,173
)
 
(3,083
)
 
(15,265
)
 
636

 
(5,744
)
 
(42,057
)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest
24,935

 
9,605

 
5,725

 
28,354

 
(1,990
)
 
10,671

(7) 
77,300

Preferred stock dividends
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(13,182
)
 
—

 
(13,182
)
Non-controlling interest
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
34

 
—

 
34

Segment core earnings/(losses)
$
24,935

 
$
9,605

 
$
5,725

 
$
28,354

 
$
(15,138
)
 
$
10,671

(7) 
$
64,152

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total assets at carrying value
$
3,582,098

 
$
2,096,503

 
$
1,012,014

 
$
6,008,574

 
$
2,906,831

 
$
—

 
$
15,606,020

Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance
$
6,139,304

 
$
2,094,375

 
$
1,878,110

 
$
7,287,686

 
—

 
—

 
$
17,399,475

(1) 
Excludes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.
(2) 
Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.
(3) 
Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in "(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.
(4) 
Effective in fourth quarter 2017, Farmer Mac revised its methodology for calculating net effective spread, a component of core earnings, to also include the net effects of gains/(losses) due to terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives. All prior period information has been recast to reflect the revised methodology. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread."
(5) 
Includes reconciling adjustments for fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets. Also includes a reconciling adjustment related to the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.
(6) 
Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on staffing.
(7) 
Net adjustments to reconcile to the corresponding income measures: core earnings before income taxes reconciled to income before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends and attribution of income to non-controlling interest reconciled to net income; and segment core earnings reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders.