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Investment Securities - Investment Securities (Tables) - Investment Securities [Member]
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Schedule of Available-for-sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]  
Marketable Securities [Table Text Block]
following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's investment securities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017:
 
Table 4.1

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(985
)
 
$
18,715

Floating rate asset-backed securities
28,940

 
(136
)
 
28,804

 
2

 
(128
)
 
28,678

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,379,472

 
1,528

 
1,381,000

 
721

 
(4,267
)
 
1,377,454

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
384

 
1

 
385

 
18

 
—

 
403

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
797,913

 
(4,882
)
 
793,031

 
119

 
(548
)
 
792,602

Total available-for-sale
2,226,409

 
(3,489
)
 
2,222,920

 
860

 
(5,928
)
 
2,217,852

Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
45,032

 
—

 
45,032

 
562

 
—

 
45,594

Total investment securities
$
2,271,441

 
$
(3,489
)
 
$
2,267,952

 
$
1,422

 
$
(5,928
)
 
$
2,263,446

(1) 
During second quarter 2018, the remaining premium of an interest-only security was fully amortized because the issuer called the security upon full prepayment of the underlying mortgage loan that collateralized the security.


 
As of December 31, 2017
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(886
)
 
$
18,814

Floating rate asset-backed securities
34,462

 
(154
)
 
34,308

 
22

 
(120
)
 
34,210

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,289,123

 
2,217

 
1,291,340

 
2,215

 
(3,368
)
 
1,290,187

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
451

 
2,138

 
2,589

 
2,230

 
—

 
4,819

Fixed rate senior agency debt
100,000

 
—

 
100,000

 
—

 
(49
)
 
99,951

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
770,852

 
(1,836
)
 
769,016

 
—

 
(1,592
)
 
767,424

Total available-for-sale
2,214,588

 
2,365

 
2,216,953

 
4,467

 
(6,015
)
 
2,215,405

Held-to-maturity:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
45,032

 
—

 
45,032

 
532

 
—

 
45,564

Total investment securities
$
2,259,620

 
$
2,365

 
$
2,261,985

 
$
4,999

 
$
(6,015
)
 
$
2,260,969


(1) 
Fair value includes $4.3 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $143.7 million.

F
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Table Text Block]
As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

Table 4.2

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(dollars in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
18,715

 
$
(985
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
6,456

 
(38
)
 
19,058

 
(90
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
927,416

 
(2,907
)
 
196,416

 
(1,360
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
499,581

 
(336
)
 
81,597

 
(212
)
Total
$
1,433,453

 
$
(3,281
)
 
$
315,786

 
$
(2,647
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of securities in loss position
 
 
72
 
 
 
48

 
As of December 31, 2017
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
18,814

 
$
(886
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
—

 
—

 
23,145

 
(120
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
292,522

 
(2,337
)
 
221,641

 
(1,031
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
742,442

 
(1,572
)
 
24,983

 
(20
)
Fixed rate senior agency debt
—

 
—

 
99,951

 
(49
)
Total
$
1,034,964

 
$
(3,909
)
 
$
388,534

 
$
(2,106
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Number of securities in loss position
 
 
40
 
 
 
51
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]
amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of December 31, 2018 are set forth below. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 4.3

 
As of December 31, 2018
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year
$
767,989

 
$
767,536

 
1.29%
Due after one year through five years
217,450

 
217,443

 
2.76%
Due after five years through ten years
646,531

 
644,361

 
2.72%
Due after ten years
590,950

 
588,512

 
2.92%
Total
$
2,222,920

 
$
2,217,852

 
2.28%