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Investment Securities - Investment Securities (Tables) - Investment Securities [Member]
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]  
Marketable Securities [Table Text Block]
The following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's investment securities as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:
 
Table 2.1

 
As of September 30, 2016
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(2,118
)
 
$
17,582

Floating rate asset-backed securities
52,406

 
(214
)
 
52,192

 
2

 
(540
)
 
51,654

Floating rate corporate debt securities
15,000

 
—

 
15,000

 
19

 
—

 
15,019

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,299,576

 
2,911

 
1,302,487

 
1,798

 
(3,594
)
 
1,300,691

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
582

 
2,694

 
3,276

 
4,430

 
—

 
7,706

Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
70,000

 
—

 
70,000

 
—

 
(3,596
)
 
66,404

Fixed rate senior agency debt
362,295

 
154

 
362,449

 
98

 
(24
)
 
362,523

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
1,178,776

 
353

 
1,179,129

 
524

 
(47
)
 
1,179,606

Total available-for-sale
2,998,335

 
5,898

 
3,004,233

 
6,871

 
(9,919
)
 
3,001,185

Total investment securities
$
2,998,335

 
$
5,898

 
$
3,004,233

 
$
6,871

 
$
(9,919
)
 
$
3,001,185

(1) 
Fair value includes $7.1 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $146.7 million.

 
As of December 31, 2015
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
46,500

 
$
—

 
$
46,500

 
$
—

 
$
(1,576
)
 
$
44,924

Floating rate asset-backed securities
74,744

 
(253
)
 
74,491

 
14

 
(776
)
 
73,729

Floating rate corporate debt securities
10,000

 
—

 
10,000

 
—

 
(9
)
 
9,991

Fixed rate corporate debt securities
10,000

 
(1
)
 
9,999

 
—

 
(5
)
 
9,994

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,353,495

 
3,515

 
1,357,010

 
2,768

 
(4,319
)
 
1,355,459

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
692

 
3,117

 
3,809

 
4,095

 
—

 
7,904

Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
70,000

 
—

 
70,000

 
—

 
(3,751
)
 
66,249

Fixed rate senior agency debt
214,000

 
(25
)
 
213,975

 
12

 
—

 
213,987

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
993,680

 
(417
)
 
993,263

 
2

 
(477
)
 
992,788

Total available-for-sale
2,773,111

 
5,936

 
2,779,047

 
6,891

 
(10,913
)
 
2,775,025

Trading:
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Floating rate asset-backed securities
2,211

 
—

 
2,211

 
—

 
(1,720
)
 
491

Total investment securities
$
2,775,322

 
$
5,936

 
$
2,781,258

 
$
6,891

 
$
(12,633
)
 
$
2,775,516


(1) 
Fair value includes $7.2 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $148.5 million.
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Table Text Block]
As of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

Table 2.2

 
As of September 30, 2016
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
17,582

 
$
(2,118
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
25,446

 
(95
)
 
19,540

 
(445
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
610,561

 
(1,874
)
 
239,860

 
(1,720
)
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
—

 
—

 
66,404

 
(3,596
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
368,017

 
(47
)
 
—

 
—

Fixed rate senior agency debt
49,932

 
(24
)
 
—

 
—

Total
$
1,053,956

 
$
(2,040
)
 
$
343,386

 
$
(7,879
)

 
As of December 31, 2015
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
18,124

 
$
(1,576
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
44,552

 
(464
)
 
9,975

 
(312
)
Floating rate corporate debt securities
4,991

 
(9
)
 
—

 
—

Fixed rate corporate debt securities
9,994

 
(5
)
 
—

 
—

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
794,959

 
(3,408
)
 
100,192

 
(911
)
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
—

 
—

 
66,249

 
(3,751
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
944,842

 
(477
)
 
—

 
—

Total
$
1,799,338

 
$
(4,363
)
 
$
194,540

 
$
(6,550
)

The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to a general widening of credit spreads from the dates of acquisition to September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, as applicable. The resulting decrease in fair values reflects an increase in the perceived risk by the financial markets related to those securities. As of September 30, 2016, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+," except one that was rated "A-." As of December 31, 2015, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+," except three that were rated "A-." The unrealized losses were on 77 and 69 individual investment securities as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

As of September 30, 2016, 27 of the securities in loss positions had been in loss positions for more than 12 months and had a total unrealized loss of $7.9 million. As of December 31, 2015, 17 of the securities in loss positions had been in loss positions for more than 12 months and had a total unrealized loss of $6.6 million.  Securities in unrealized loss positions for 12 months or longer have a fair value as of September 30, 2016 that is, on average, approximately 98 percent of their amortized cost basis. Farmer Mac believes that all of these unrealized losses are recoverable within a reasonable period of time by way of maturity or changes in credit spreads. Accordingly, Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on these available-for-sale investment securities represents other-than-temporary impairment as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted average yield of available-for-sale investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of September 30, 2016 are set forth below. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 2.3

 
As of September 30, 2016
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year
$
1,256,154

 
$
1,256,654

 
0.61%
Due after one year through five years
529,229

 
529,322

 
0.99%
Due after five years through ten years
393,580

 
393,905

 
1.18%
Due after ten years
825,270

 
821,304

 
1.11%
Total
$
3,004,233

 
$
3,001,185

 
0.89%