3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company follows the provisions of ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements.” Those provisions relate to financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value and fair value disclosures related to financial assets and liabilities. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value and specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the nature of the inputs used to develop the fair value measures. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

There are three levels of inputs to fair value measurements:

Level 1, meaning the use of quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2, meaning the use of quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active or are directly or indirectly observable; and

Level 3, meaning the use of unobservable inputs.

Observable market data should be used when available.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS

The following table presents, for each of the fair-value hierarchy levels as defined in this footnote, those financial instruments which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:




(in thousands)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value

March 31, 2016
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	-	$	25,207	$	-	$	25,207
States and political subdivisions		-		37,682		-		37,682
Mortgage-backed securities		-		51,798		-		51,798
Mortgage servicing rights		-		-		496		496

December 31, 2015
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	-	$	21,846	$	-	$	21,846
States and political subdivisions		-		37,683		-		37,683
Mortgage-backed securities		-		37,612		-		37,612
Mortgage servicing rights		-		-		557		557

Securities available for sale

Fair values for securities are determined using independent pricing services and market-participating brokers. The Company’s independent pricing service utilizes evaluated pricing models that vary by asset class and incorporate available trade, bid and other market information for structured securities, cash flow and, when available, loan performance data. Because many fixed income securities do not trade on a daily basis, the evaluated pricing applications apply information as applicable through processes, such as benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings, and matrix pricing, to prepare evaluations. In addition, model processes, such as the Option Adjusted Spread model, are used to assess interest rate impact and develop prepayment scenarios. The models and the process take into account market convention. For each asset class, a team of evaluators gathers information from market sources and integrates relevant credit information, perceived market movements and sector news into the evaluated pricing applications and models. The company’s service provider may occasionally determine that it does not have sufficient verifiable information to value a particular security. In these cases the Company will utilize valuations from another pricing service.

Management believes that it has a sufficient understanding of the third party service’s valuation models, assumptions and inputs used in determining the fair value of securities to enable management to maintain an appropriate system of internal control. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews changes in the market value of its security portfolio. Individual changes in valuations are reviewed for consistency with general interest rate movements and any known credit concerns for specific securities. Additionally, on an annual basis, the Company has its entire security portfolio priced by a second pricing service to determine consistency with another market evaluator. If, during the Company’s review or when comparing with another servicer, a material difference between pricing evaluations were to exist, the Company would submit an inquiry to the service provider regarding the data used to value a particular security. If the Company determines it has market information that would support a different valuation than the initial evaluation it can submit a challenge for a change to that security’s valuation. There were no material differences in valuations noted in the first quarter of 2016 or during fiscal year 2015.

Securities available for sale are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy as the valuation provided by the third-party provider uses observable market data.

Mortgage servicing rights

Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”) do not trade in an active, open market with readily observable prices. Accordingly, the Company obtains the fair value of the MSRs using a third-party pricing provider. The provider determines the fair value by discounting projected net servicing cash flows of the remaining servicing portfolio. The valuation model used by the provider considers market loan prepayment predictions and other economic factors which management considers to be significant unobservable inputs. The fair value of MSRs is mostly affected by changes in mortgage interest rates since rate changes cause the loan prepayment acceleration factors to increase or decrease. Management has a sufficient understanding of the third party service’s valuation models, assumptions and inputs used in determining the fair value of MSRs to enable management to maintain an appropriate system of internal control. Mortgage servicing rights are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as the valuation is model driven and primarily based on unobservable inputs.

The following table summarizes the changes in fair value for mortgage servicing rights during the three month periods ended March 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively:



	Three months ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2016		2015
Mortgage servicing rights - January 1	$	557	$	518
Gains (losses) included in earnings		(69)		(45)
Additions from loan sales		8		24
Mortgage servicing rights - March 31	$	496	$	497

Quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of MSRs at the respective dates is as follows:




	March 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Servicing fees	0.25	%	0.25	%
Discount rate	9.52	%	9.52	%
Prepayment rate (CPR)	9.93	%	8.55	%

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A NONRECURRING BASIS

The Company is required, on a nonrecurring basis, to adjust the carrying value of certain assets or provide valuation allowances related to certain assets using fair value measurements. The following table presents for each of the fair-value hierarchy levels as defined in this footnote, those financial instruments which are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015:



(in thousands)		Level 1	Level 2	Level 3		Fair Value

March 31, 2016
Impaired loans	$	-	-	17,849	$	17,849

December 31, 2015
Impaired loans	$	-	-	17,758	$	17,758

Impaired loans

The Company evaluates and values impaired loans at the time the loan is identified as impaired, and the fair values of such loans are estimated using Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. Each loan’s collateral has a unique appraisal and management’s discount of the value is based on factors unique to each impaired loan. The significant unobservable input in determining the fair value is management’s subjective discount on appraisals of the collateral securing the loan, which ranges from 10%-50%. Collateral may consist of real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable and the value of these assets is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company. Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, estimated costs to sell, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and the client’s business.

The Company has an appraisal policy in which appraisals are obtained upon a commercial loan being downgraded on the Company internal loan rating scale to a 5 (special mention) or a 6 (substandard) depending on the amount of the loan, the type of loan and the type of collateral. All impaired commercial loans are either graded a 6 or 7 on the internal loan rating scale. For consumer loans, the Company obtains appraisals when a loan becomes 90 days past due or is determined to be impaired, whichever occurs first. Subsequent to the downgrade or reaching 90 days past due, if the loan remains outstanding and impaired for at least one year more, management may require another follow-up appraisal. Between receipts of updated appraisals, if necessary, management may perform an internal valuation based on any known changing conditions in the marketplace such as sales of similar properties, a change in the condition of the collateral, or feedback from local appraisers. Impaired loans had a gross value of $19.5 million, with a allowance for loan loss of $1.7 million, at each of March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

At March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments, including those that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or nonrecurring basis, were as follows:




	March 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	Amount		Value		Amount		Value
		(in thousands)				(in thousands)
Financial assets:
Level 1:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	33,392	$	33,392	$	22,621	$	22,621
Level 2:
Available for sale securities		114,687		114,687		97,141		97,141
FHLB and FRB stock		2,788		2,788		2,783		2,783
Level 3:
Held to maturity securities		1,607		1,595		1,617		1,584
Loans, net		783,654		795,249		761,101		772,472
Mortgage servicing rights		496		496		557		557

Financial liabilities:
Level 1:
Demand deposits	$	174,276	$	174,276	$	183,098	$	183,098
NOW deposits		95,622		95,622		83,674		83,674
Regular savings deposits		463,672		463,672		439,993		439,993
Level 2:
Securities sold under agreement to
repurchase		12,894		12,894		10,821		10,821
Other borrowed funds		10,000		10,080		10,000		9,874
Junior subordinated debentures		11,330		11,330		11,330		11,330
Level 3:
Time deposits		115,479		116,402		96,217		96,975

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practical to estimate that value.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. For these short-term instruments, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value. “Cash and Cash Equivalents” includes interest-bearing deposits at other banks.

FHLB and FRB stock. The carrying value of FHLB and FRB stock, which are non-marketable equity investments, approximate fair value.

Securities held to maturity. The Company holds certain municipal bonds as held-to-maturity. These bonds are generally small in dollar amount and are issued only by certain local municipalities within the Company’s market area. The original terms are negotiated directly and on an individual basis consistent with our loan and credit guidelines. These bonds are not traded on the open market and management intends to hold the bonds to maturity. The fair value of held-to-maturity securities is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar agreements would be made with municipalities with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities.

Loans and Leases, net. The fair value of fixed rate loans is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities, net of the appropriate portion of the allowance for loan losses. For variable rate loans, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value. This fair value calculation is not necessarily indicative of the exit price, as defined in ASC 820.

Deposits. The fair value of demand deposits, NOW accounts, muni-vest accounts and regular savings accounts is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of time deposits is estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits of similar remaining maturities.

Junior Subordinated Debentures. There is no active market for the Company’s debentures and there have been no issuances of similar instruments in recent years. The Company looked at a market bond index to estimate a discount margin to value the debentures. The discount margin was very similar to the spread to LIBOR established at the issuance of the debentures. As a result, the Company determined that the fair value of the adjustable-rate debentures approximates their face amount.

Securities Sold Under Agreement to Repurchase. The fair value of the securities sold under agreement to repurchase approximates its carrying value as the repurchase agreements are one day agreements.

Other Borrowed Funds. The fair value of the short-term portion of other borrowed funds approximates its carrying value. The fair value of the long-term portion of other borrowed funds is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.