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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
12 Months Ended
Mar. 02, 2019
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees  
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

21. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

Legal Matters and Regulatory Proceedings

The Company is involved in legal proceedings including litigation, arbitration, and other claims, and is subject to investigations, inspections, audits, inquiries, and similar actions by pharmacy, health care, tax and other governmental authorities arising in the ordinary course of its business, including, without limitation, the matters described below. The Company records accruals for outstanding legal matters and applicable regulatory proceedings when it believes it is probable that a loss has been incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company evaluates, on a quarterly basis, developments in legal matters and regulatory proceedings that could affect the amount of any existing accrual and developments that would make a loss contingency both probable and reasonably estimable, and as a result, warrant an accrual. If a loss contingency is not both probable and estimable, the Company does not establish an accrued liability. None of the Company’s accruals for outstanding legal matters or regulatory proceedings are material individually or in the aggregate to the Company’s consolidated financial position.

The Company’s contingencies are subject to significant uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company’s control, including, among other factors: (i) proceedings are in early stages; (ii) whether class or collective action status is sought and the likelihood of a class being certified; (iii) the outcome of pending appeals or motions; (iv) the extent of potential damages, fines or penalties, which are often unspecified or indeterminate; (v) the impact of discovery on the matter; (vi) whether novel or unsettled legal theories are at issue; (vii) there are significant factual issues to be resolved; and/or (viii) in the case of certain government agency investigations, whether a qui tam lawsuit (“whistleblower” action) has been filed and whether the government agency makes a decision to intervene in the lawsuit following investigation. While the Company cannot predict the outcome of any of the contingencies, the Company’s management does not believe that the outcome of any of these legal matters or regulatory proceedings will be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position. It is possible, however, the Company’s results of operations or cash flows could be materially affected by unfavorable outcomes in outstanding legal matters or regulatory proceedings.

After the announcement of the then proposed merger between the Company and Walgreens Boots Alliance, Inc. (“WBA”), a putative class action lawsuit was filed in Pennsylvania in the Court of Common Pleas of Cumberland County (Wilson v. Rite Aid Corp., et al.) by a purported Company stockholder against the Company, its directors (the Individual Defendants, together with the Company, the Rite Aid Defendants), WBA and Victoria Merger Sub Inc. (Victoria) challenging the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. The lawsuit was terminated on November 30, 2018.

Also in connection with a proposed merger between the Company and WBA, a lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania (the “Pennsylvania District Court”), asserting a claim for violations of Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act and SEC Rule 14a-9 against the Rite Aid Defendants, WBA and Victoria and a claim for violations of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act against the Individual Defendants and WBA (Hering v. Rite Aid Corp., et al.). The complaint in the Hering action alleged, among other things, that the Rite Aid Defendants disseminated an allegedly false and materially misleading proxy and sought to enjoin the shareholder vote on the proposed merger, a declaration that the proxy was materially false and misleading in violation of federal securities laws and an award of money damages and attorneys’ and experts’ fees. On January 14 and 16, 2016, respectively, the plaintiff in the Hering action filed a motion for preliminary injunction and a motion for expedited discovery. On January 21, 2016, the Rite Aid Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the Hering complaint. At a hearing held on January 25, 2016, the Pennsylvania District Court orally denied the plaintiff’s motion for expedited discovery and subsequently denied the plaintiff’s motion for preliminary injunction on January 28, 2016. On March 14, 2016, the Pennsylvania District Court appointed Jerry Hering, Don Michael Hussey and Joanna Pauli Hussey as lead plaintiffs for the putative class and approved their selection of Robbins Geller Rudman & Dowd LLP as lead counsel. On April 14, 2016, the Pennsylvania District Court granted the lead plaintiffs’ unopposed motion to stay the Hering action for all purposes pending consummation of the merger.

On August 4, 2017, the Pennsylvania District Court entered an order lifting the stay, noting that the original claims in this matter were now moot and directed the plaintiffs to file a motion for leave to amend the complaint, with brief in support thereof, which motion was subsequently filed on September 22, 2017. Also on September 22, 2017, the lead plaintiffs gave notice that plaintiffs Don Michael Hussey and Joanna Pauli Hussey were withdrawing as lead plaintiffs, and that plaintiff Jerry Hering (the “Lead Plaintiff”) would continue to represent the proposed class in the Hering action going forward. On November 27, 2017, the Pennsylvania District Court granted Lead Plaintiff’s motion to amend the complaint, and Lead Plaintiff filed the amended complaint (the “Amended Complaint”) on December 11, 2017. The Amended Complaint alleged claims for violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and SEC Rule 10b-5 against the Rite Aid Defendants, WBA, and certain WBA executives (together with WBA, the “WBA Defendants”). On February 14, 2018, the Rite Aid Defendants moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint, which the Pennsylvania District Court granted on July 11, 2018, dismissing all claims alleged against the Rite Aid Defendants. On August 24, 2018, the WBA Defendants filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings. On October 24, 2018, the Pennsylvania District Court issued a memorandum opinion and order concluding that Lead Plaintiff lacked standing to pursue his claims against the WBA Defendants, granted the WBA Defendants’ motion for judgment on the pleadings, and closed the file on this case. On November 2, 2018, a new lawsuit was filed in the Pennsylvania District Court by new plaintiffs asserting substantially similar claims against the WBA Defendants only (Chabot, et al. v. Walgreens Boots Alliance, et al.), and expressly adopting and incorporating allegations from the Amended Complaint previously sustained against the WBA Defendants in the Pennsylvania District Court’s July 11, 2018 memorandum opinion and order in the Hering action. The lawsuit remains pending.

In connection with the then proposed merger between the Company and Albertsons Companies, Inc. (“ACI”), on April 24, 2018, a Rite Aid stockholder filed a putative class action lawsuit in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the “Delaware Court of Chancery”) against the Company, ACI, Ranch Acquisition Corp. (Merger Sub I), Ranch Acquisition II LLC (Merger Sub II, together with ACI and Merger Sub I, the ACI defendants) and each of the Rite Aid directors (the Director defendants, together with Rite Aid, the Rite Aid defendants), Del. C.A. No. 2018-0305-AGB (Akile v. Rite Aid Corp., et al). Plaintiff contended that Rite Aid stockholders had appraisal rights under Section 262 of the DGCL. Plaintiff alleged breach of fiduciary duty claims against the Director defendants for their alleged failure to provide alleged statutory appraisal rights under Delaware law and for allegedly falsely informing Rite Aid stockholders that they would not have appraisal rights. Plaintiff further contended that the proxy statement/prospectus related to the proposed merger, and which was filed on April 6, 2018, was deficient under Section 262(d)(1) of the DGCL for failure to inform stockholders of their alleged appraisal rights. Plaintiff sought declarations from the Court of Chancery that the action was a proper class action and that the Director defendants breached their fiduciary duties by failing to adequately inform class members of their appraisal rights under Delaware law, to enjoin the then proposed transaction from closing until such time as class members were afforded the ability to seek appraisal of their shares, or otherwise permit class members to petition the Court of Chancery for appraisal, and attorneys’ fees, expenses, and costs to plaintiff. On May 9, 2018, the Court of Chancery denied plaintiff’s motion to expedite and declined to schedule a preliminary injunction hearing, ruling that plaintiff failed to state a colorable claim. On August 13, 2018, the parties filed a Stipulation and Proposed Order of Voluntary Dismissal Pursuant to Court of Chancery Rule 41(1)(a)(ii), which the Court of Chancery entered on August 14, 2018.

On June 29, July 27, and August 3, 2018, three purported stockholders of the Company each separately filed a Verified Complaint to Compel Inspection of Books and Records under 8 Del. C. §220 in the Delaware Court of Chancery against the Company, seeking to inspect books and records in order to determine whether wrongdoing or mismanagement had taken place such that it would be appropriate to file claims for breach of fiduciary duty, and to investigate the independence and disinterestedness of the Company’s directors with respect to the then proposed merger with ACI. On August 10 and September 6, 2018, respectively, two of the purported stockholders’ complaints were voluntarily dismissed. On October 18, 2018, the remaining plaintiff filed an amended complaint, Del. C.A. No. 2018-0554-AGB (Krol v. Rite Aid Corp.), which was substantially similar to his original complaint. On November 1, 2018, the Company answered the amended complaint, and on January 29, 2019, the remaining plaintiff filed a stipulation of voluntary dismissal with prejudice. 

The Company is currently a defendant in several lawsuits filed in courts in California alleging violations of California Business and Professions Code, industry wage orders, wage-and-hour laws, rules and regulations pertaining primarily to failure to pay overtime, failure to pay for missed meals and rest periods, failure to reimburse business expenses and failure to provide employee seating (the “California Cases”). Some of the California Cases purport or may be determined to be class actions or PAGA representative actions and seek substantial damages and penalties. The single-plaintiff and multi-plaintiff California Cases regarding violations of wage-and-hour laws, failure to pay overtime and failure to pay for missed meals and rest periods, in the aggregate, seek substantial damages. The Company believes that its defenses and assertions in the California Cases, as well as other lawsuits, have merit. The Company has aggressively challenged the merits of the lawsuits and, where applicable, the allegations that the lawsuits should be certified as class or representative actions. Additionally, at this time the Company is not able to predict either the outcome of or estimate a potential range of loss with respect to the California Cases and is vigorously defending them.

In the employee seating lawsuit (Hall v. Rite Aid Corporation, San Diego County Superior Court), the parties reached a class action settlement for $18 million plus institution of a two-year pilot seating program for front-end check stands.  On September 14, 2018, the Court granted preliminary approval of the settlement. On November 16, 2018, the court granted final approval of the settlement.

Following service of subpoenas on the Company in 2011 and 2013 by the United States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of Michigan (“USAO”) and the State of Indiana’s Office of the Attorney General, respectively, the Company cooperated with inquiries regarding the relationship of Rite Aid’s Rx Savings Program to the reporting of usual and customary charges to publicly funded health programs. In January 2017, the USAO, 18 states and the District of Columbia declined to intervene in a sealed False Claims Act (“FCA”) lawsuit filed by qui tam plaintiff Azam Rahimi (“Relator”) in the District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan. On January 19, 2017, the court unsealed Relator’s Second Amended Complaint against the Company; it alleges that the Company failed to report Rx Savings prices as its usual and customary charges under the Medicare Part D program and to federal and state Medicaid programs in 18 states and the District of Columbia; and that the Company is thus liable under the federal FCA and similar state statutes. In its ruling on the Company’s motion to dismiss the complaint, the Court held that Relator’s complaint was deficient, but allowed Relator the opportunity to re-plead. Relator filed a Third Amended Complaint on May 11, 2018. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the Third Amended Complaint on May 25, 2018. On March 30, 2019, the Company’s motion to dismiss the Third Amended Complaint was denied. At this stage of the proceedings, the Company is not able to either predict the outcome of this lawsuit or estimate a potential range of loss with respect to the lawsuit and is vigorously defending this lawsuit.

On April 26, 2012, the Company received an administrative subpoena from the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (“DEA”), Albany, New York District Office, requesting information regarding the Company’s sale of products containing pseudoephedrine (“PSE”). In April 2012, it also received a communication from the U.S. Attorney’s Office (“USAO”) for the Northern District of New York concerning an investigation of possible civil violations of the Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act of 2005 (“CMEA”). Additional subpoenas were issued in 2013, 2014, and 2015 seeking broader documentation regarding PSE sales and recordkeeping requirements. Assistant U.S. Attorneys from the Northern and Eastern Districts of New York and the Southern District of West Virginia are currently investigating, but no lawsuits have been filed. Violations of the CMEA could result in the imposition of administrative and/or civil penalties against the Company. The Company has entered into tolling agreements with the United States, and discussions have been held to attempt to resolve these matters with those USAOs and the Department of Justice, but whether any agreements can be reached and on what terms is uncertain. At this stage of the investigation, the Company is not able to predict the outcome of the investigation.

In December 2017, Rite Aid executed a non-prosecution agreement with the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of West Virginia (countersigned by the government in January 2018), which concluded the previous criminal investigation into Rite Aid’s PSE sales. Pursuant to that agreement, the government agreed not to bring any criminal charges against Rite Aid, and Rite Aid agreed to pay an immaterial amount of money as restitution. The civil investigation is ongoing.

In June 2013, the Company was served with a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”) by the United States Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of California (the “USAO”) regarding (1) the Company’s Drug Utilization Review (“DUR”) and prescription dispensing protocol; and (2) the dispensing of drugs designated as “Code 1” by the State of California. The Company cooperated with the investigation, researched the government’s allegations, and refuted the government’s position. The Company produced documents including certain prescription files related to Code 1 drugs to the USAO’s office and the State of California Department of Justice’s Bureau of Medical Fraud and Elder Abuse (“CADOJ”). In August 2014, the USAO and 8 states’ attorneys general declined to intervene in a California False Claim Act (“FCA”) action (“Action”) filed under seal in the Eastern District of California by qui tam plaintiff Loyd F. Schmuckley (“Relator”) based on DUR and Code 1 allegations. In July 2016, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and the District of Columbia also declined to intervene in the Action. On May 15, 2017, Relator and the CADOJ stipulated to dismiss all DUR-related claims and 18 other state-based claims. On September 21, 2017, the CADOJ filed a sealed complaint-in-intervention in the Action, asserting causes under the FCA, for unjust enrichment and for payment by mistake related to the Code 1 allegations. The Action was unsealed on September 26, 2017. On September 28, 2017, Relator filed a First Amended Complaint under the FCA also concerning the Code 1 allegations. The Company filed a motion to dismiss Relator’s and CADOJ’s respective complaints in January 2018, the hearing was held on March 23, 2018. On September 5, 2018, the court issued an order denying the motion to dismiss. The case is proceeding with the first stage of discovery, which focuses on plaintiffs’ proposed sampling methodology for determining liability and damages. The Company’s motion challenging plaintiffs’ proposed sampling methodology will be filed in April 2019, and is scheduled to be heard in June 2019. At this stage of the proceedings, the Company is not able to either predict the outcome of this matter or estimate a potential range of loss with respect to this matter and is vigorously defending this lawsuit.

The State of Mississippi, by and through its Attorney General, filed a First Amended Complaint against the Company and various purported related entities on September 27, 2016 alleging violations of the Mississippi Medicaid Fraud Control Act, violations of the Mississippi Unfair and Deceptive Trade Practices Act, fraud and unjust enrichment. The Complaint alleges the Company failed to accurately report usual and customary prices to Mississippi’s Division of Medicaid. On November 14, 2016, the Company filed motions to dismiss based on substantive and jurisdictional grounds, as well as a motion to transfer venue, all of which were stayed pending the resolution of related litigation on appeal. In September 2018, the stay of the case was lifted. On November 28, 2018, the case was transferred to the Circuit Court of Desoto County and consolidated with related cases with similar allegations brought by Mississippi against other chain pharmacies. At this stage of the proceedings, the Company is not able to either predict the outcome of this lawsuit or estimate a potential range of loss with respect to the lawsuit and is vigorously defending this lawsuit.

The Company is a defendant in the consolidated multidistrict litigation proceeding, In re National Prescription Opiate Litigation (Case No. 17-md-2804), pending in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio. Various plaintiffs (such as counties, cities, hospitals, and third-party payors) allege claims generally concerning the impacts of widespread opioid abuse against defendants along the pharmaceutical supply chain, including manufacturers, wholesale distributors, and retail pharmacy chains. Since December 2017, nearly all related cases pending in federal district courts have been transferred to this multi-district litigation. Two Ohio lawsuits (referred to as the “Track One” or “bellwether” cases) have been set for trial in the multi-district litigation: The County of Summit, Ohio v. Purdue Pharma L.P., et al., Case No. 18-OP-45090 (N.D. Ohio); and The County of Cuyahoga v. Purdue Pharma L.P., et al., Case No. 17-OP45004 (N.D. Ohio).  On January 29, 2019, the multi-district litigation court entered an order moving the trial date from September 3, 2019 to October 21, 2019 for the two bellwether cases.

On May 25, 2018, the Company and other defendants filed Motions to Dismiss the Complaints in the bellwether cases. On October 5, 2018, the magistrate judge assigned to review these Motions to Dismiss issued a report and recommendation to the district court judge on the multi-district litigation. The magistrate judge recommended granting dismissal of two claims, the common law absolute public nuisance claim and the City of Akron’s public nuisance claim. The report otherwise recommended denying all the defendants’ Motions to Dismiss. The Company filed its objections to the magistrate judge’s report on November 2, 2018 (along with other defendants). In addition, the Company (as well as most of the parties in the litigation) are engaging in intensive discovery involving the production of documents and participating in the depositions of several key individuals representing plaintiffs and defendants.

New cases continue to be added each week to the multi-district litigation, which currently includes over 860 relevant federal court lawsuits that name the Company, including lawsuits filed by counties and municipalities in California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Puerto Rico, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. There are also approximately 113 similar lawsuits that name the Company in some capacity that have been filed outside the multi-district litigation, including lawsuits filed in Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Washington, and West Virginia. At this stage of the proceedings, the Company is not able to either predict the outcome of these lawsuits or estimate a potential range of loss with respect to the lawsuits and is vigorously defending them. Additionally, the Company has received from the Attorney Generals of several states subpoenas, civil investigative demands, and/or other requests regarding opioids.

The Company is involved in two putative consumer class action lawsuits in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California, alleging that it overcharged customers’ insurance companies for prescription drug purchases, resulting in overpayment of co-pays. The first lawsuit, Byron Stafford v. Rite Aid Corp., Case No. 17-CV-01340-AJB-JLB, was filed on June 30, 2017, and the second case, Robert Josten v. Rite Aid Corp., Case No. 18-CV-00152-AJB-JLB, was filed on January 23, 2018. Each lawsuit alleges that (1) the Company was obligated to charge the plaintiffs’ insurance companies a “usual and customary” price for their prescription drugs; and (2) the Company failed to do so properly because the prices it reported were not equal to or adjusted to account for the discount prices that Rite Aid offers to uninsured and underinsured customers through its Rx Savings Program. On December 19, 2017, the court granted the Company’s motion to dismiss Stafford’s complaint with leave to amend for failure to plead compliance with the applicable statutes of limitations. After Stafford amended the complaint on January 9, 2018, the Company filed another motion to dismiss on January 23, 2018, and a similar motion to dismiss Josten’s complaint on March 16, 2018. The court granted the motion to dismiss most of Josten’s claims for failure to plead compliance with the applicable statute of limitations but granted leave to amend. The Company’s motion to dismiss Josten’s amended complaint on the grounds that the statute of limitations expired and he failed to exhaust Medicare administrative remedies, is scheduled to be heard on April 25, 2019. The court denied the motion to dismiss Stafford’s claims, opened discovery and set a June 19, 2019 deadline for his class certification motion. At this stage of the proceedings, the Company is not able to either predict the outcome of these lawsuits or estimate a potential range of loss with respect to the lawsuit and is vigorously defending these lawsuits.

In addition to the above described matters, the Company is subject from time to time to various claims and lawsuits and governmental investigations arising in the ordinary course of business. While the Company’s management cannot predict the outcome of any of the claims, the Company’s management does not believe that the outcome of any of these matters will be material to the Company’s consolidated financial position. It is possible, however, that the Company’s results of operations or cash flows could be materially affected by an unfavorable resolution of pending litigation or contingencies.