Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

George Risk Industries, Inc. (GRI or the Company) was incorporated in 1967 in Colorado. The Company is presently engaged in the design, manufacture, and sale of computer keyboards, push button switches, burglar alarm components and systems, pool alarms, EZ Duct wire covers, water sensors and wire and cable installation tools.

Nature of Business — The Company is engaged in the design, manufacture, and marketing of custom computer keyboards, push-button switches, proximity sensors, security alarm components, pool alarms, liquid detection sensors, raceway wire covers, wire and cable installation tools and various other sensors and devices.

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all investments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts, the balances of which at times may exceed insured limits. The Company continually monitors its banking relationships and consequently has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Company believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts — Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company sells its products to security alarm distributors, alarm installers, and original equipment manufacturers. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and the Company generally does not require collateral.

The Company records an allowance for doubtful accounts based on an analysis of specifically identified customer balances. The Company has a limited number of customers with individually substantial amounts due at any given date. Any unanticipated change in any one of these customers’ credit worthiness or other matters affecting the collectability of amounts due from such customers could have a material effect on the results of operations in the period in which such changes or events occur. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off. The Company has recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts of $9,321 for the year ended April 30, 2019 and $6,651 for the year ended April 30, 2018. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2019, bad debt expense was $3,807. For the fiscal year ended April 30, 2018, bad debt expense was $3,345.

Inventories — Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the average cost-pricing method. The Company uses standard costs to price its manufactured inventories approximating average costs.

Property and Equipment — Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is calculated based on the following estimated useful lives using the straight-line method:

Classification	Useful Life in Years	2019 Cost			2018 Cost
Dies, jigs, and molds	3–7	$	1,808,000		$	1,808,000
Machinery and equipment	5–10		1,533,000			1,414,000
Furniture and fixtures	5–10		142,000			145,000
Leasehold improvements	5–32		256,000			250,000
Buildings	20–39		853,000			853,000
Automotive	3–5		89,000			90,000
Software	2–5		390,000			382,000
Land	N/A		13,000			13,000
Total			5,084,000			4,955,000
Accumulated depreciation			(4,100,000	)		(3,879,000	)
Net		$	984,000		$	1,076,000

Depreciation expense of $231,000 and $195,000 was charged to operations for the years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, and expenditures for major improvements are capitalized. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the property accounts are relieved of costs and accumulated depreciation and any resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to operations.

Investment in Limited Land Partnership — In November 2002, the Company purchased 6.67% of a prime 22-acre land parcel for development in Winter Park-Grand County, CO for investment purposes for a total of $200,000. The goal was to hold the property for resale(s) in 2-5 years, but many efforts to sell the property have not materialized. Over the years, there have been a total of $93,000 of additional contributions to aid in improvements and recurring expenses such as debt service, utilities, taxes, maintenance, insurance and professional fees. Management has evaluated this investment and does not believe there is any impairment and that the full cost will be recovered when sold.

Intangible Assets — Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, unless it is determined their lives to be indefinite. The two intangible assets currently being amortized are (1) a non-compete agreement with a useful live of 5 years and (2) intellectual property with a useful live of 15 years. As of April 30, 2019, the Company had $1,640,000 of net intangible asset costs, while the net intangible assets costs at April 30, 2018 were $1,763,000. Amortization expense was $123,000 for the year ended April 30, 2019 and $61,000 for the year ended April 30, 2018.

As of April 30, 2019, future amortization of intangible assets is expected as follows:

Fiscal year end		Amortization amount
	2020	$	123,000
	2021	$	123,000
	2022	$	123,000
	2023	$	122,000
	2024	$	121,000
	Thereafter	$	1,028,000
		$	1,640,000

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share — The Company computes earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260-10-45 Earnings per Share, which requires presentation of both basic and diluted earnings per share on the face of the statement of operations. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares during the period. Diluted earnings per share gives effect to all dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive earnings per share excludes all potential common shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. The Company has no potential dilutive instruments, and therefore, basic and diluted earnings per share are equal.

Advertising — Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and are included in selling expenses. Advertising expense amounted to $245,000 and $213,000 for the years ended April 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Income Taxes — Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the future consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. Measurement of the deferred tax items is based on enacted tax laws. In the event the future consequences of differences between financial reporting bases and tax bases of the Company’s assets or liabilities result in a deferred tax asset, we evaluate the probability of realizing the future benefits comprising that asset and record a valuation allowance if considered necessary.

Accounting standards prescribe a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of the positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. A “more likely than not” tax position is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than a fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement, or else a full reserve is established against the tax asset or a liability is recorded. Interest and penalties accrued on uncertain tax positions are recorded as income tax expense.

Accounting Estimates — The preparation of these financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions including the carrying value of assets. The estimates and assumptions result in approximate rather than exact amounts.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments — Certain financial instruments are required to be recorded at fair value. Changes in assumptions or estimation methods could affect the fair value estimates; however, we do not believe any such changes would have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Other financial instruments, including cash equivalents, certain investments and short-term debt, are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value. The fair values of long-term debt and financial instruments are disclosed in Note 11.

Revenue Recognition — Effective May 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The Company recognizes product revenue using a five-step approach to determine the amount and timing of revenue to be recognized. The five-step approach requires (1) identifying the contract with the customer, (2) identifying the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determining the transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognizing revenue when performance obligations are satisfied. The Company recognizes revenue for product sales upon transfer of title to the customer. Customer purchase orders and/or contracts are generally used to determine the existence of an arrangement. Shipping documents and the completion of any customer acceptance requirements, when applicable, are used to verify product delivery or that services have been rendered. The Company assesses whether a price is fixed or determinable based upon the payment terms associated with the transaction and whether the sales price is subject to refund or adjustment. Payments received from customers in advance of product shipment or revenue recognition are treated as deferred revenues and recognized when the product is shipped. The Company recognizes returns as a portion of past and current sales, within the balance sheet.

Comprehensive Income — US GAAP requires disclosure of total non-stockholder changes in equity in interim periods and additional disclosures of the components of non-stockholder changes in equity on an annual basis. Total non-stockholder changes in equity include all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from fiscal investments by and distributions to stockholders.

Segment Reporting and Related Information — The Company designates the internal organization that is used by management for allocating resources and assessing performance as the source of the Company’s reportable segments. US GAAP also requires disclosures about products and services, geographic area and major customers. At April 30, 2019, the Company operated in three segments organized by security line products, cable and wiring tools (Labor Saving Devices - LSDI) products, and all other products. See Note 9 for further segment information disclosures.

Reclassifications — Certain reclassifications have been made to conform to the current year presentation. The total net income and equity are unchanged due those reclassifications.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements — In May 2014, FASB issued ASU 2014-09, on Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The updated guidance modifies the guidance companies use to recognize revenue from contracts with customers for transfers of goods or services and transfers of nonfinancial assets, unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards. The guidance also requires new qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including information about contract balances and performance obligations. In July 2015, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date. Accordingly, the update is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 with retrospective application to prior periods presented or as a cumulative effect adjustment in the period of adoption. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net).” This new guidance provides additional implementation guidance on how an entity should identify the unit of accounting for the principal versus agent evaluations. In May 2016, the FASB issued 2016 ASU 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients.” This new ASU provides more specific guidance on certain aspects of Topic 606. The Company has analyzed the effect of the standard from its revenue streams to evaluate the impact of the new standard on revenue contracts. This included reviewing current accounting policies and practices to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements under the new standard. Most of the Company’s services are primarily short-term in nature, and the assessment was the adoption of the new revenue recognition standard will not have a material impact on its financial statements. The Company adopted the standard in the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which provides guidance for accounting for leases. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to classify leases as either finance or operating leases and to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term greater than 12 months regardless of the lease classification. The lease classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest rate method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Accounting for lessors remains largely unchanged from current GAAP. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company beginning May 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10 “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases” (“ASU 2018-10”) and ASU No. 2018-11 “Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements” (“ASU 2018-11”) and ASU 2018-20, “Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors”. ASU 2018-10 provides certain amendments that affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016-02. ASU 2018-11 allows all entities adopting ASU 2016-02 to choose an additional (and optional) transition method of adoption, under which an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. ASU 2018-11 also allows lessors to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. During the first quarter of 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842) to amend ASU 2016-02. This amendment exempts both lessees and lessors from having to provide certain prior year interim disclosure information in the fiscal year in which a company adopts the new leases standard. The Company will adopt the ASUs in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and the Company’s accounting systems will be upgraded to comply with the requirements of the new standard, however, the adoption of ASU 2016-02 is not anticipated to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02). Under existing U.S. GAAP, the effects of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred tax balances are recorded as a component of income tax expense in the period in which the law was enacted. When deferred tax balances related to items originally recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are adjusted, certain tax effects become stranded in accumulated other comprehensive income. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings (accumulated deficit) for stranded income tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act). The amendments in this ASU also require certain disclosures about stranded income tax effects. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption in any period is permitted. The Company has not yet adopted ASU 2018-02 and is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting the applicable guidance on the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-09, “Codification Improvements” (“ASU 2018-09”). ASU 2018-09 provides amendments to a wide variety of topics in the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification, which applies to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance. The transition and effective date guidance are based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments in ASU 2018-09 do not require transition guidance and were effective upon issuance of ASU 2018-09. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting the applicable guidance; however the Company does not believe that the adoption of ASU 2018-09 will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement - Disclosure Framework (Topic 820). The updated guidance improves the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The Company is currently assessing the timing and impact of adopting the updated provisions.

In August 2018, The FASB issued ASU 2018-14 to improve the effectiveness of disclosures for defined benefit plans under ASC 715-20. The ASU applies to employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The FASB issued ASU 2018-14 as part of its disclosure framework project, which has an objective and primary focus to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements. As part of the project, during August 2018, the Board also issued a Concepts Statement, which the FASB used as a basis for amending the disclosure requirements for Subtopic 715-20. The guidance is effective or fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the timing and impact of adopting the updated provisions.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” which requires the Company to measure and recognize expected credit losses for financial assets held and not accounted for at fair value through net income. In November 2018, April 2019 and May 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses,” “ASU No. 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses,” “Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments,” and “ASU No. 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief,” which provided additional implementation guidance on the previously issued ASU. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The ASU requires a modified retrospective adoption method. The Company is still evaluating the impact of adoption on its financial statements and disclosures.

Subsequent Events – Management has evaluated all events or transactions that occurred after April 30, 2019 through August 13, 2019 the report date of the financial statements. During this period, the Company did not have any material recognizable subsequent events.