Goodwill and Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Note 9. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill at December 31, 2020 decreased to $56,658,000 from $203,743,000 at December 31, 2019. This $147,085,000 decrease was due to an impairment charge of $148,375,000 recognized in the second quarter of 2020, offset by changes in foreign currency rates of $1,290,000 period over period. Goodwill at December 31, 2019 increased to $203,743,000 from $55,816,000 at December 31, 2018. This $147,927,000 increase was primarily due to the Jack Wolfskin acquisition in January 2019 (see Note 6), which increased goodwill by $147,781,000. The additional increase of $146,000 was related to changes in foreign currency rates period over period. The Company's goodwill is reported in both the Golf Equipment and Apparel, Gear and Other operating segments (see Note 20). Through December 31, 2020, the accumulated total of impairments recognized to-date related to goodwill was $148,375,000. There were no other impairments recognized prior to January 1, 2020.

In accordance with ASC Topic 350, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other,” the Company’s goodwill and non-amortizing intangible assets are subject to an annual impairment test or more frequently when impairment indicators are present. During the second quarter of 2020, due to the significant disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company's operations, the Company performed a qualitative assessment considering the macroeconomic conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the potential impact on the Company's sales and operating income for the remainder of fiscal 2020 and potentially beyond. As a result, the Company determined that there were indicators of impairment, and proceeded with a quantitative assessment of goodwill for all reporting units during the second quarter.

In performing the second quarter quantitative goodwill impairment testing, the Company prepared valuations of its reporting units using both a market comparable methodology and an income methodology, and those valuations were compared with the respective carrying values of the reporting units to determine whether any goodwill impairment existed. The Company's reporting units are one level below its reportable segment level. In preparing the valuations, past, present and future expectations of performance were considered, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This methodology was consistent with the approach used to perform the annual quantitative goodwill assessment in prior years. The weighted average cost of capital used in the goodwill impairment testing ranged between 9.0% and 9.25%, which was derived from the financial structures of comparable companies corresponding to the industry of each reporting unit. There is inherent uncertainty associated with key assumptions used in the Company's impairment testing, including the duration of the economic downturn associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the estimated recovery period. As a result of the second quarter assessment, the Company determined that the expected decline in revenue due to the impact of COVID-19 contributed to a lower fair value of the Jack Wolfskin reporting unit compared to its carrying value. As such, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $148,375,000 to write-off the goodwill associated with Jack Wolfskin. The Company determined that the goodwill relating to its other reporting units was not impaired as the fair value significantly exceeded the carrying value at June 30, 2020. There were no further impairment charges on goodwill recognized for the remainder of 2020.

In addition, in connection with the quantitative assessment performed in the second quarter of 2020, the Company determined that the trade name intangible asset related to Jack Wolfskin was impaired, and as such recognized an impairment loss of $25,894,000 to write-down the Jack Wolfskin trade name to its new estimated fair value. The carrying value of intangible assets after the impairment was $446,803,000 at December 31, 2020. There were no further impairment charges recognized on the Company's indefinite-lived intangible assets for the remainder of 2020.

The following sets forth the intangible assets by major asset class (dollars in thousands):

	Useful Life (Years)	December 31, 2020							December 31, 2019
		Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value		Gross		Accumulated Amortization			Net Book Value
Indefinite-lived:
Trade name, trademark and trade dress and other	NA	$	446,803		$	—	$	446,803	$	453,837		$	—	$	453,837
Amortizing:
Patents	2-16	31,581			31,581		—		31,581			31,581		—
Customer and distributor relationships, and other	1-9	57,309			19,773		37,536		53,904			14,318		39,586
Total intangible assets		$	535,693		$	51,354	$	484,339	$	539,322		$	45,899	$	493,423

(1)The gross balance of intangible assets as of December 31, 2020 includes an increase due to the impact of foreign exchange rates of $18,860,000 on the Jack Wolfskin non-amortizing intangible asset, as well as $3,069,000 on the amortizing customer and distributor relationships.

Aggregate amortization expense on intangible assets was approximately $5,120,000, $4,866,000 and $1,066,000 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets at December 31, 2020 in each of the next five fiscal years and beyond is expected to be incurred as follows (in thousands):

2021	$	4,780
2022	4,724
2023	4,548
2024	4,409
2025	4,409
Thereafter	14,666
	$	37,536